Fear Of Rejection Research Articles

Crossing the Red Line? Empirical Evidence and Useful Recommendations on Questionable Research Practices among Business Scholars

Academic leaders in management from all over the world—including recent calls by the Academy of Management Shaw (Academy of Management Journal 60(3): 819–822, 2017)—have urged further research into the extent and use of questionable research practices (QRPs). In order to provide empirical evidence on the topic of QRPs, this work presents two linked studies. Study 1 determines the level of use of QRPs based on self-admission rates and estimated prevalence among business scholars in Indonesia. It was determined that if the level of QRP use identified in Study 1 was quite high, Study 2 would be conducted to follow-up on this result, and this was indeed the case. Study 2 examines the factors that encourage and discourage the use of QRPs in the sample analyzed. The main research findings are as follows: (a) in Study 1, we found the self-admission rates and estimated prevalence of business scholars’ involvement in QRPs to be quite high when compared with studies conducted in other countries and (b) in Study 2, we found pressure for publication from universities, fear of rejection of manuscripts, meeting the expectations of reviewers, and available rewards to be the main reasons for the use of QRPs in Indonesia, whereas (c) formal sanctions and prevention efforts are factors that discourage QRPs. Recommendations for stakeholders (in this case, reviewers, editors, funders, supervisors, chancellors and others) are also provided in order to reduce the use of QRPs.

Open Communication and Physical Intimacy in Young and Midlife Couples Surviving Cancer Beyond the First Year of Diagnosis.

To assess the association between levels of dyadic coping (e.g., collaboration, communication) and sexual satisfaction in young and midlife couples surviving cancer beyond the first year of diagnosis. This cross-sectional study included 49 young and midlife couples (aged 21-57 years) beyond the first year of diagnosis. Couples were from rural and urban areas. A mailed survey was used to gather data from cancer survivors and their partners. Controlling for cancer survivor sex and age, open communication was significantly associated with greater involvement in affectionate and sexual behaviors of the couple. Protective buffering behaviors (i.e., concealing worries and avoiding communication) were not significantly associated with engagement in physical intimacy. Perception of how much a partner openly communicates was more salient for engaging in physical intimacy than one's own open communication. Nurses should include partners in planned care, assess the concerns of the partner, and treat the couple as the unit of care.

External financing of innovative small and medium enterprises (SMEs): unpacking bank credit with respect to innovation typologies and combinations

Abstract We investigate the extent to which small and medium enterprises’ (SMEs) external financing varies with the innovation profiles they reveal in terms of introduced and combined innovation typologies. Using Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises data, we address this research issue with respect to 11 European countries over the 2014–2019 period and overcome the context specificity of previous analyses. Results suggest that the innovative profile of SMEs is responsible for several nuances in both their demand for and supply of bank loans. Being an innovator increases SMEs’ credit requests, but this demand increases also and above all with their involvement in specific innovation typologies and combinations. Having an innovative profile of nearly any type does not lead SMEs to refrain from demanding bank loans because of a fear of rejection, but a wide involvement in specific innovation types reduces the chance that their internal funds make them refrain from asking for credit. Innovative SMEs are significantly more likely to be credit-constrained than non-innovative ones, but the probability of not receiving bank loans increases only for firms that combine specific innovation typologies. An innovation status of SMEs makes banks more selective in their decision to completely fulfill a credit request, but the probability of this decision decreases only with respect to a few, multi-innovation profiles. The extent to which SMEs innovate in different domains, rather than the simple innovation intensity, appears to be a crucial dimension to consider in future research and in devising policies to attenuate financial constraints to innovation.

A Review of Psychosocial Protective and Risk Factors for the Mental Well-Being of Rural LGBTQ+ Adolescents

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer, and other gender diverse (LGBTQ+) adolescents face daunting hardships within the rural contexts they navigate (e.g., community, school), and these onerous demands make it difficult for them to maintain optimal mental well-being. This scoping review described the psychosocial protective and risk factors that shape mental well-being for rural LGBTQ+ adolescents and identified the mental health issues commonly reported by them. About 30 articles published between 2005 and 2020 were examined. A myriad of factors indicated protection of or risks to LGBTQ+ rural adolescents’ mental well-being through the social-ecological levels: individual (e.g., pressure to conform to gender norms, sexual exploration, coming out), interpersonal (e.g., connectedness, fear of rejection, religious beliefs), institutional/school (e.g., bullying victimization, social exclusion, peer/teacher intervention), and rural community (e.g., community size, local ties, social isolation). More research is needed to better understand and address rural mental health disparities for this vulnerable group.

Development and psychometric properties of fear of rejection scale (FRS): measuring social and interpersonal rejection among young adults in Pakistan

PurposeFear of rejection is a feeling experienced by every human, which influences everyday life. It impacts an individual’s physical and mental health. But still there is no valid and reliable measure to assess prevalence of fear of rejection because of interpersonal relationships and social factors. This paper aims to serve the purpose of the establishment of psychometric properties of a scale that measures the fear of rejection.Design/methodology/approachData was gathered from focus groups to establish item pool and construct the instrument. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on the data collected by administering fear of rejection scale (FRS) and it uncovered the structure of the developed scale. Principal component analysis method was conducted by using direct oblimin rotation.FindingsA two-factor structure, which includes interpersonal relationships and social factors, was obtained as a result of EFA. The internal consistency of the scale is highly acceptable with a = 0.93, which indicated that the scale is highly reliable. High reliability of subscales was attained as a = 0.90 and 0.86, respectively.Originality/valueThis research paper is original, which aims to assess the fear of rejection in terms of social and interpersonal rejection. The data collected is valid and authentic. The FRS is constructed with highly reliable results and is a psychometrically sound instrument.

MP04-18 THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF LIVED EXPERIENCE IN PATIENTS WITH ADULT ACQUIRED BURIED PENIS

You have accessJournal of UrologyTrauma/Reconstruction/Diversion: External Genitalia Reconstruction and Urotrauma (including transgender surgery) I (MP04)1 Sep 2021MP04-18 THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF LIVED EXPERIENCE IN PATIENTS WITH ADULT ACQUIRED BURIED PENIS Gregory Amend, Jordan Holler, Natalie Rios, Michael Sadighian, Anthony Enriquez, Alex Vanni, Lee Zhao, Bradley Erickson, and Benjamin Breyer Gregory AmendGregory Amend More articles by this author , Jordan HollerJordan Holler More articles by this author , Natalie RiosNatalie Rios More articles by this author , Michael SadighianMichael Sadighian More articles by this author , Anthony EnriquezAnthony Enriquez More articles by this author , Alex VanniAlex Vanni More articles by this author , Lee ZhaoLee Zhao More articles by this author , Bradley EricksonBradley Erickson More articles by this author , and Benjamin BreyerBenjamin Breyer More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000001971.18AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: There is a paucity of evidence documenting the lived experience of patients with adult acquired buried penis (AABP) and how this condition is affected by surgical treatment. The purpose of this study is to use patient interview data to describe the lived experience of patients with AABP to heighten clinicians’ awareness of the most prominent challenges this population faces and the efficacy of surgery in addressing these. METHODS: This mixed-methods study utilized validated survey instruments and semi-structured interviews to capture pre- and post-surgical outcomes for men with AABP. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at University of California, San Francisco with open-ended questions to elicit the impact of AABP on a patient’s quality of life in several domains including urinary function, sexual function, interpersonal relationships, and mental health. Interviews were conducted in English and were transcribed and independently coded by authors (JH, NR, MS). RESULTS: Fourteen (14) patients with AABP participated in the study, 10 of whom had undergone surgical treatment for their condition. Semi-structured interviewee responses were coded into 13 different themes (Table 1). The most common themes were problems with urinary and sexual function (14, 100%), which included urinary stream/spraying issues as well as inability to perform intercourse or achieve an erection; among patients who underwent surgery, the majority discussed improvement in urinary and sexual function (60% and 70% respectively). Most interviewees (79%) reported negative impacts of AABP on social life, primarily involving issues with using public restrooms and avoiding travel. Half of interviewees reported struggles with relationships and mental health, such as avoiding romantic relationships and fear of rejection with concomitant depression and/or anxiety, and issues with access to care. CONCLUSIONS: Patients living with AABP experience profound negative impacts on quality of life including urinary and sexual function, social life, and mental health. Additionally, many patients face issues with access to care. Providers should be aware that AABP patients have complex needs requiring interdisciplinary management, and that surgery may improve quality of life. Source of Funding: None © 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 206Issue Supplement 3September 2021Page: e74-e74 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Gregory Amend More articles by this author Jordan Holler More articles by this author Natalie Rios More articles by this author Michael Sadighian More articles by this author Anthony Enriquez More articles by this author Alex Vanni More articles by this author Lee Zhao More articles by this author Bradley Erickson More articles by this author Benjamin Breyer More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

Is simplification of immunosuppressive medication a way to promote medication adherence of kidney transplant recipients? Findings from a randomized controlled trial.

SummaryAfter kidney transplantation, a strict immunosuppressive medication regimen is necessary for graft survival. However, nonadherence to medication has been shown to occur early after transplantation and to increase over time. Weaning the recipient off dual therapy onto monotherapy in order to reduce immunosuppressive burden may also be a way to promote adherence, although little is known about the impact of such a regimen on fear of rejection. We performed a cohort study on medication adherence and fear of rejection in a randomized, investigator‐driven, open‐label, single‐centre pilot study. Recipients were randomized at 6‐months post‐transplant to either continue Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate mofetil (TAC/MMF) or to taper MMF at 6 months and discontinue MMF at 9 months (TAC monotherapy). Recipients completed questionnaires about medication adherence and fear of rejection at 6 and 12‐months post‐transplantation. Medication adherence was significantly higher in the TAC monotherapy group compared to dual TAC/MMF therapy group (χ2 (1) = 4.582; P = 0.032). We found no difference in fear of rejection between the two groups of recipients (P = 0.887). Simplification of the medication regimen is a potential tool for increasing adherence in clinical practice (Netherlands Trial Register – NL4672).

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health in Women: Pathways of Influence in a Clinical Sample.

While the negative impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on mental health have already been established in previous research, the pathways through which these events affect psychological well-being are still unclear. This cross-sectional study analyzed the relationship between ACEs and psychological distress. It also examined the role of coping strategies, emotion regulation, and adult attachment in this association. The sample consisted of 207 women receiving psychotherapeutic support from Public Mental Health Services in Spain. Just under half (46.4%) being treated by clinical psychology services and just over half (53.1%) were also being treated by psychiatry services. Descriptive and association analysis were performed on the variables involved. 48.3% of participants reported four or more ACEs and the correlation with symptom severity was significant. Regression equations showed that four variables explained 56.2% of the variance: Fear of Rejection and Abandonment, Lack of Control, Rejection and Cognitive Restructuring. ACEs are directly associated with the severity of psychological distress. The data suggest that appropriate, sensitive exploration of these experiences can be therapeutic. The relationships between type of adversity, attachment relationships, emotion regulation, and coping strategies reveal indirect pathways through which ACEs affect women's mental health.

Childhood Abuse Among Transgender Youth: A Trauma-Informed Approach.

Childhood Abuse Among Transgender Youth: A Trauma-Informed Approach.

Reasons for Manuscript Rejection at Internal and Peer-review Stages

The noble aim of publishing an article is to drive the wheel of scientific research forward; pragmatically speaking, though, and that is the case of many authors, a publication is a set criterion for their graduation or promotion. When publishing an article is mentioned, authors tend to contemplate rejection. Some fear rejection to the point of refraining from drafting the manuscript. To identify the most common reasons why submissions are rejected, internally by the journal editors (also referred to as preview or screening stage), and externally by the blind reviewers, we analysed the preview and review comments of 100 rejected submissions to the International Journal of Education and literacy Studies (IJELS) in the period between 2018 and 2020. The results of inductive thematic analysis indicated that the main reasons why submissions were rejected at the preview stage were problems with originality, poor language, scope, format, and organization. At the review stage, the main reasons were methodology, organization, language, insignificance, and literature review. Additionally, other less common reasons why manuscripts were rejected were that they lacked clear and conventional result reports, in-depth discussions, and thick conclusions, relevant, current, and impactful references among others to be discussed in this article. Many of these issues are, of course, fixable and future authors are highly encouraged to go through this paper and treat it as a guideline that will improve the quality of their manuscripts, and therefore, they will stand higher chances of acceptance.

What Survivorship Means to Liver Transplant Recipients: Qualitative Groundwork for a Survivorship Conceptual Model.

Survivorship is a well-established concept in the cancer care continuum with a focus on disease recurrence, quality of life, and the minimization of competing risks for mortality; however, survivorship has not been well studied in liver transplantation (LT). We investigated what survivorship means to LT patients and identified motivations and coping strategies for overcoming challenges after LT. A total of 20 in-depth home interviews were conducted among adults 3 to 6months after LT. Interviews were conducted by trained qualitative research experts and coded and analyzed using an inductive approach. A majority of LT recipients (75%) identified themselves as survivors. Integral to the definition of survivorship was overcoming hardship (including experiences on the waiting list) and the unique experience of being given a "second chance" at life. Motivations to survive included a new chance at life (55%), family (40%), spirituality/faith (30%), and fear of rejection (15%). LT recipients and caregivers identified multiple strategies to cope with post-LT challenges, including relying on a large network of community, spiritual, and virtual support. These findings informed a conceptual model of LT survivorship based on socioecological theory, which identified the following variables influencing survivorship: (1) pretransplant experiences, (2) individual attributes and challenges, (3) interpersonal relationships with caregivers and other social support, (4) community relationships, and (5) large-scale factors including neighborhood and financial issues. LT recipients identified themselves as survivors, and post-LT identities were greatly influenced by pre-LT experiences. These perspectives informed an in-depth conceptual model of survivorship after transplantation. We identified sources of motivation and coping strategies used in LT recovery that could be targets of survivorship interventions aimed at improving post-LT outcomes.

“Today one partner, tomorrow another one, and no one is suspicious that you are gay”: a qualitative study of understanding HIV related risk behaviour among MSM in Bosnia and Herzegovina

ABSTRACT Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) are often exposed to stigma and discrimination, especially in developing countries. Discrimination might have an impact on their sexual behavior. The proportion of MSM among HIV positive persons is rising in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the country context and HIV-related risk behaviors among MSM in B&H. We found that MSM in B&H have a dominant fear of expressing their sexual orientation in the homophobic societal environment, including their own family. Disclosures are often connected with escalated family violence, followed by the silence and ignorance. The fear of being connected to one particular partner and being labeled as a gay lead to the need of “masking” their sexual orientation, and having sexual intercourse with non-steady sexual partners. Although most MSM were aware of the risk of HIV and other STIs, the fear of rejection and remaining alone, shapes their decisions to agree to have sex without condoms.

The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV

BackgroundEpidemiological surveillance data indicate that a majority of HIV-infected in the United States (U.S.) military are African-Americans and men who have sex with men. There is limited research about barriers to HIV prevention among military service members and the unique factors that contribute to HIV stigma.MethodsA convenience sample of 30 U.S. service members were recruited from an infectious disease clinic. In depth interviews were conducted and data analyzed using a thematic coding process.ResultsTwo broad categories were identified: 1) Outcomes of HIV Stigma: Fear of Rejection, Shame, and Embarrassment; and 2) Strategies for combating stigma which include increasing HIV education and prevention resources. Military policies and institutional culture regarding sexuality were found to contribute to stigma.ConclusionsParticipants identified a need for HIV education and suggested individuals living with HIV serve as mentors. A peer-to-peer intervention for delivering HIV prevention education may address these needs and reduce HIV stigma.

“I am”

Coming out means becoming human, to share common struggles, to become vulnerable. In this space, fear of rejection about sexual identity dissipates into “I am” but human, and it can start as simply as with a conversation with someone you like and trust, states Jef Caers.

How socially anxious people become compulsive social media users: The role of fear of negative evaluation and rejection

This study investigates the impact of social interaction anxiety on compulsive social media usage. To provide insights into the gaps in previous research, the authors identify the channels, and hypothesize that negative evaluation and rejection fears mediate the relationship between social interaction anxiety and compulsive social media usage. Further, the moderating role of frustration about unavailability and gender differences are considered in the framework for robustness purposes. Using a convenience sampling method and variance-based structural equation modeling, the authors analyzed a non-clinical sample of 402 Chinese university students. Survey results find that social interaction anxiety increases compulsive social media usage both directly and indirectly through fear of negative evaluation and fear of rejection with a stronger effect of the former. Moreover, the mediating effect of fear of negative evaluation transfers through fear of rejection, which establishes a serial link between social interaction anxiety and compulsive social media usage. Interestingly, frustration about unavailability strengthens the relationship only between fear of rejection and compulsive social media usage. Females exhibit more social interaction anxiety and fear of negative evaluation, which lead them to become more compulsive social media users, while males experience more fear of rejection. These findings can improve our understanding of the role and process by which social interaction anxiety influences compulsive social media usage, and thus may help psychologists to develop better counseling programs for compulsive male and female social media users, addressing their social interaction deficits and excessive reliance on social media applications.

To disclose or not? Enabling pregnant women to disclose their HIV status to their male partners.

Disclosure of HIV status by pregnant women to their male partners is vital to prevent re-infections. The aim of this study was to apply the Health Belief Model (HBM) to enable pregnant women to disclose their HIV positive status to their male partners. The setting included three antiretroviral (ARV) clinics at three hospitals in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A quantitative design was used with non-probability, convenience sampling of 170 respondents aged 18-40 years. A questionnaire was used to collect data that was analysed with the SSPS version 24.0. Results indicated that 20% of respondents had not disclosed their HIV status to their male partners. Barriers included fear of rejection (47.5%), fear of violence from partner (17.5%), blame for HIV exposure by partner (10%) and stigmatisation (25%). The conclusion was that health care workers should address these barriers through disclosure education with pregnant women who are HIV positive to facilitate HIV status disclosure to their male partners.

Barriers to and facilitators of HIV serostatus disclosure to sexual partners among postpartum women living with HIV in South Africa

BackgroundDisclosure of HIV serostatus to a sexual partner can facilitate partner’s support and testing and better treatment outcomes. Studies examining changes in disclosure rates of serostatus from delivery and postpartum periods are scarce. Our study fills this gap by using a follow-up survey of postpartum women with HIV to examine if disclosure prevalence has improved compared to the proportion recorded at childbirth. We further assessed the reasons for non-disclosure and correlates of serostatus disclosure to sexual partners.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analytical study (exit interview) with a final sample of 485 postpartum women with HIV drawn from the East London Prospective Cohort study database between January and May 2018. Disclosure of HIV status to partner was based on self-reporting. We fitted adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression models and also conducted descriptive statistical analyses. Sampling weights were used to correct for sampling errors.ResultsOverall, 81.8% of women in the study cohort had disclosed their status to their partners, representing a 7.4 percentage point increase since child delivery. After adjusting for important covariates, women were more likely to disclose their status if they were married [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 3.10; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.39–6.91] but were less likely to disclose if they used alcohol [AOR: 0.61; 95% CI:0.37–0.99] or had reported adherence to ART [AOR: 0.59; 95% CI:0.36–0.96]. Fear of rejection, stigma or being judged, new or casual relationships, and having a violent partner were the main reasons for not disclosing HIV status to sexual partners.ConclusionWe found a relatively higher rate of HIV status disclosure in the cohort compared to the rate recorded at childbirth, suggesting an improvement over time. Also, complicated relationship dynamics and fear of social exclusion still constitute barriers to HIV status disclosure to sexual partners despite patients’ counselling.

A Mixed-Methods Exploration of Adolescents' Lived Realities of HIV Stigma: "It's Something You Wear, Something That's Like a Shadow All Over Where You Go".

This study aimed to explore how adolescents living with HIV experience stigma and the contextual factors influencing such. The authors used an exploratory, sequential, mixed-method design, including interpretive phenomenological individual interviews and focus groups with adolescents ages 13 to 18 years, their caregivers, and health care workers (n = 56) and a cross-sectional survey (n = 385) in health care facilities in the Western Cape, South Africa. Data were analyzed using an equal-status sequential mixed-methods analysis approach. Enacted, perceived, and anticipated stigma fueled fears of rejection and affected disclosure patterns of adolescents living with HIV. Experiencing HIV-related stigma was associated with being an older adolescent, being disclosed to after the age of 12 years, and residing with one's biological mother. Internalized stigma was associated with poor adherence and viral nonsuppression. Multifaceted interventions involving various individuals and groups across ecological systems are needed to interrupt the stigma process and mitigate its effects.

How young people talk about their variations in sex characteristics: making the topic of intersex talkable via sex education

ABSTRACT Classrooms are important spaces for young people with variations in sex characteristics and their classmates. Sex education can promote agency and well-being by helping young people make sense of their embodiment and form rewarding social relationships and by changing societal understandings about variations in sex characteristics. Realising this potential however may hinge on how sex education makes intersex (un)talkable. We draw on interviews with 22 young people on how and why they try to make their variation in sex characteristics talkable with others. By focusing on how they talk to others and why they do not talk to others, this research highlights how participants ‘fear rejection’ but need to talk to others about their variation in the process of ‘dealing with it’. Participants also struggle with ‘secrecy versus privacy’ and how to ‘communicate strategically.’ Findings acknowledge the emotional work required of people with variations in sex characteristics when making intersex talkable. The analysis points to the role of both talking and silence. We conclude by envisaging a norm-critical sex education that engages with the responsibilities of both talking and listening, shifting the burden away from individual young people with variations in sex characteristics and working towards more mutual social relationships.

Analysing the Development of Alcohol-Dependent Women’s Identity: The Main Findings of Grounded Theory

Women’s alcohol dependence is a serious concern for the whole of society, negatively affecting not only various important areas of the lives of women themselves, but essentially the mental health of future generations. Researchers have attempted to address the main problems associated with women’s drinking; nevertheless, their findings are still incomplete. Moreover, relatively little scholarly attention has been paid to exploring idiosyncratic alcohol-dependent women identity development processes. This study aims to fill the existing gap in the literature, by conducting an empirical study that would help elucidate the main psycho-social aspects contributing significantly to the identity development of alcohol-dependent women. Ten self-identified alcohol-dependent women participated in the study. Data was collected through life stories and in-depth interviews. The constructivist grounded theory approach (K. Charmaz) was used as a methodological strategy to explore how alcohol-dependent women develop and express their identities in their life stories. In this study, we present internal and external identity development processes, revealing the dilemma of internal detachment by alcohol-dependent women developing an illusory identity. The main aspects of this theoretical structure include compensatory adaptation, power seeking, and avoiding helplessness, which create a vicious triangle, with the need for acceptance and the fear of rejection at its core, all contributing to the development of an illusory identity. Moreover, based on traditional theoretical frameworks, the study builds on the premise that such internal detachment is linked to self-integrity problems, which is further associated with participants’ pursuit of a search for self-meaning in important others. The findings provide new insights about alcohol-dependent identity development processes, discuss the limitations and strengths of the current study, suggest directions for future studies, and highlight the need to see alcohol-dependent women’s problems from the perspective of identity, which is different from traditional psycho-pathological views. Key words: , , . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/