Emotions Fear Research Articles

Examining the persuasion process of narrative fear appeals on health misinformation correction

ABSTRACT Health misinformation could distort people’s health perceptions and related behaviors. Combating such misinformation has become the common concern of the whole society. Based on the extended parallel process model (EPPM) and narrative theories, the current study recruited 415 health experts in China to participate in a 2 (threat: high vs. low) ×2 (efficacy: high vs. low) between-subjects factorial experiment. Results revealed that narrative fear appeal messages are effective in promoting health experts to correct online health misinformation for the public. Message threat can arouse the emotion of fear through the identification with the narrative character. Moreover, message efficacy plays a moderating role between fear and health misinformation correction. Theoretical implications for EPPM development and practical message strategies for motivating health experts to correction misinformation are discussed.

Vocabulary of Fear in N. V. Gogol’s Play “The Inspector” and Its Chinese Translation by Jiang Xiaomo

The issue of language representation of emotions in the text of literary work is considered by the example of the emotion of fear in N. V. Gogol’s play “The Inspector”. The relevance of the research is determined by complexity of perception, which foreign readers have during understanding of text pieces that show variously apprehensible in different linguocultures emotions of characters. The most well-known translator of Gogol in China Jiang Xiaomo is noted to use three kinds of translation: equivalent, partially equivalent and non-equivalent. The appeal to non-equivalent translation is emphasized to be contingent on the difference in perception of the emotion of fear by Russians and Chinese and, consequently, the need for a translation adapted for the Chinese reader. The lexical means of conveying the emotion of fear and its description in the play "The Inspector" are analyzed as different ways of representing emotions. The lexical means of conveying the emotion of fear in the play are shown to be interjections, and the description of fear experienced by the characters is created by nouns and verbs in the characters’ speech or verbs and participles in the author's remarks. Based on comparison of the play "The Inspector" and Gogol’s stories the authors conclude that the lexical means of conveying the emotion of fear are presented only in the play, since a stylization of live speech is created within the genre.

Black Reels Film Festival

Black Reels Film Festival

Pathos in the Poetry of COVID-19 Pandemic

Poetry written during global pandemic of COVID-19 display pathos. The present article explores the use of pathos in four of the pandemic time poems. The study aims to unveil the predicament that the earth and humans endured during that time. For the analysis, theory of pathos has been taken as a tool. Pathos is one of the persuasive techniques that evokes the emotion of pity and sympathy to the audience or the readership on the suffering and sadness of the characters and the speakers of the rhetoric. This article also discusses vivid pictures of the pathetic state of the characters in the poems that is similar to the state of the entire humans who underwent it during pandemic. The present inquiry concludes that the poetry written during pandemic evokes the strong positive emotion of joy, excitement and hope, and the negative emotion of fear, sadness, agony and sympathy as well in the mind of the readers. Doing so, it establishes the close connection between the readership and the poets who had the same emotions and feelings of hope and excitement, and pain and sufferings during the composition of the poems.

Translating Macbeth’s Colour Metaphors Into Arabic: A Revised CMT Approach to Shakespeare’s Creative Metaphors

Shakespeare is one of the most translated and retranslated English language authors into Arabic. Ever since the rise of the modern translation movement, translating Shakespeare into Arabic has continued to receive the attention of translators and researchers in the field of translating literature. But most academic and critical research on the translation of Shakespeare into Arabic has focused on the sociocultural implications of the translation process while neglecting aspects related to Shakespeare’s language and thought. One of the multifarious challenges of translating Shakespeare into Arabic is the Bard’s use of creative metaphors which account for the richness, exquisiteness and creativity of Shakespeare’s lexical and conceptual legacy. This paper aims to research one of the restrictions of translating Shakespeare’s creative metaphors in two Arabic translations of Macbeth with specific focus on the colour metaphors of the emotion of fear. The research methods adopt the improved version of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) in identifying, collecting and analysing the tokens in the source and target texts. The study shows that the translation of a creative metaphor into Arabic is influenced by the degree of saliency in the associations between the metaphor’s two conceptual domains. It also concludes that the revised CMT provides a reliable framework for understanding and analysing the communicative function of creative metaphors in discourse. The results also show that the deconstruction of conceptual metaphors back into their basic kernel patterns provides a good but inadequate strategy to translate highly-contextualized uses of creative metaphors in the case of lexical or conceptual restrictions.

May I have your Attention, please? An eye tracking study on emotional social media comments

Emotions are essential in today's complex information environments, as they catch readers' attention and impact the depth of information processing. In online interactions - such as user comments on social media platforms - emotions are increasingly present. We performed a preregistered eye-tracking study to understand the effects of emotional user comments on attention. Participants (N = 155) in our study read a series of user comments with different emotional tones. We measured the effects of emotions on information processing and visual attention by comparing the dwell times of participants of two experimental groups: a heuristic processing group and a systematic processing group. Our results revealed differences in visual attention towards comments with a negative versus positive valence and between the discrete emotions of anger and fear. These findings led to a discussion about emotions' role in information processing when individuals read user comments on social media.

Emotion Words in Spanish: Lexical Selection, Affective Dimensions, Sex and Age Differences

Abstract This study proposes a method for selection and analysis of words that refer to emotions. A comparison of 380 synonyms corresponding to the six basic emotions in 15 Spanish thesauri resulted in 43 terms. Respondents of an online survey (n = 980) stated whether they recognized and used each word and how often they experienced the designated emotion, which resulted in 23 terms. The correlation matrix for the selected terms frequencies and a multivariate analysis of the data revealed three affective dimensions: anger, fear, and satisfaction. The frequency for the terms was higher for women, who reported more panic and irritation than men. In both, the frequency of the negative emotions of fear and sadness decrease with age, while pleasure, satisfaction, and indignation increase. The results suggest the existence of three affective dimensions (anger/repulsion, fear/sorrow, and satisfaction/admiration), which have been recognized in neurobiological, ecological, ethological, and evolutionary models.

A midbrain-reticulotegmental circuit underlies exaggerated startle under fear emotions.

Exaggerated startle has been recognized as a core hyperarousal symptom of multiple fear-related anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and panic disorder. However, the mechanisms driving this symptom are poorly understood. Here we reveal a neural projection from dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) to a startle-controlling center reticulotegmental nucleus (RtTg) that mediates enhanced startle response under fear condition. Within RtTg, we identify an inhibitory microcircuit comprising GABAergic neurons in pericentral RtTg (RtTgP) and glutamatergic neurons in central RtTg (RtTgC). Inhibition of this RtTgP-RtTgC microcircuit leads to elevated startle amplitudes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the conditioned fear-activated DRN 5-HTergic neurons send inhibitory projections to RtTgP GABAergic neurons, which in turn upregulate neuronal activities of RtTgC glutamatergic neurons. Chemogenetic activation of the DRN-RtTgP projections mimics the increased startle response under fear emotions. Moreover, conditional deletion of 5-HT1B receptor from RtTgP GABAergic neurons largely reverses the exaggeration of startle during conditioned fear. Thus, our study establishes the disinhibitory DRN-RtTgP-RtTgC circuit as a critical mechanism underlying exaggerated startle under fear emotions, and provides 5-HT1B receptor as a potential therapeutic target for treating hyperarousal symptom in fear-associated psychiatric disorders.

Emotional discourse analysis of COVID-19 patients and their mental health: A text mining study.

COVID-19 has caused negative emotional responses in patients, with significant mental health consequences for the infected population. The need for an in-depth analysis of the emotional state of COVID-19 patients is imperative. This study employed semi-structured interviews and the text mining method to investigate features in lived experience narratives of COVID-19 patients and healthy controls with respect to five basic emotions. The aim was to identify differences in emotional status between the two matched groups of participants. The results indicate generally higher complexity and more expressive emotional language in healthy controls than in COVID-19 patients. Specifically, narratives of fear, happiness, and sadness by COVID-19 patients were significantly shorter as compared to healthy controls. Regarding lexical features, COVID-19 patients used more emotional words, in particular words of fear, disgust, and happiness, as opposed to those used by healthy controls. Emotional disorder symptoms of COVID-19 patients at the lexical level tended to focus on the emotions of fear and disgust. They narrated more in relation to self or family while healthy controls mainly talked about others. Our automatic emotional discourse analysis potentially distinguishes clinical status of COVID-19 patients versus healthy controls, and can thus be used to predict mental health disorder symptoms in COVID-19 patients.

RETHINKING COVID-19 OUTBREAK IMPACT

The world is going through a tough time and struggling with a pandemic COVID-19. An illness started from Wuhan city, now spread over almost all countries of the globe. Vaccination process is still going on and people will have to wait a long for complete eradication. Till then the only prevention is following social distancing, wearing mask, being in quarantine and isolation. World leaders are imposing lockdown in the countries with different intensity. In totality this is a challenging time, not just for the leaders, doctors, and police but for the normal people including private employees, daily wage earners and self employed individuals. Economic activities got a long halt. Every part of the population is getting affected. Emotions of stress, anxiety, anger, fear and frustration are obvious among people in this lockdown time. During this time Indian spirituality has been rebooted by many aspects. There is no doubt that India is the richest in its knowledge of Ayurveda, Ethos and Universe. Keeping this in mind existing literature of COVID-19 outbreak with special context to call for mental health and role of spiritual practices in mitigating the stress was searched with the help of different database. Published articles were represented in systematic form and summarize based on their methodologies and themes. So, this paper is trying to give a picture how with the help of Indian spiritual practices people can regain their faith and self-confidence since Indian Government is doing a lot with Ayurvedic preventions and connecting people with knowledge and peace by re telecasting great Indian tales like Ramayana, Mahabharata and Upanishad. Objectives of the study: Following are the main objectives of this studyŸ To investigate COVID-19 outbreak in India and its general impact on business and human. Ÿ To study re conceptualization of business strategies during and after lockdown. Ÿ To investigate need of mental health call in pandemic. Ÿ To understand role of spirituality in stress management during COVID-19 outbreak.

The representation of bullying in Italian primary school children: A mixed-method study comparing drawing and interview data and their association with self-report involvement in bullying events

Bullying continues to be a social issue affecting millions of students of all ages worldwide. Research on bullying seems to be dominated by quantitative research approaches employed standardized categories and measures, ultimately limiting our knowledge about children's own view on bullying. Our research follows another direction, aiming to explore the representation of bullying in a sample of Italian primary school children by using and comparing the functioning of two qualitative research instruments: interviews, and children's drawings. In addition, aided by quantitative analyses, we aimed to investigate whether students' involvement in different bullying roles (as bullies, victims, or defenders), as measured by self-assessment, correlated with different characteristics of the representation of bullying emerging from children's drawings and interviews. We recruited a convenient sample of 640 primary school students (mean age = 9.44; SD = 0.67), 53.3% of whom were male. The results showed that all forms of bullying, i.e., physical, verbal, and social bullying, could be identified in interview and drawing data, although references to all types of bullying were more frequent in interview data. In terms of bullying criteria, the presence of a power imbalance between the bully and the victim was most frequently detected in both the interview data and the drawing data, while repetition was more easily detected in the interview data. The interview data showed that sadness was the most frequently reported victim emotions, followed by fear, anger, and lack of emotion. The drawing data showed a similar pattern, although victims were more frequently described as lacking emotions compared to the interview data. In both interview and drawing data, age and female gender were positively associated with references to verbal bullying, and negatively associated with references to physical bullying. Additionally, bully/victim children were more likely than uninvolved children to depict physical bullying in the drawings, while this association was not detected in interview data. In summary, our study shows that, compared with drawings, interviews tend to provide a more comprehensive view of children's own representation of bullying, while drawing data tend to show stronger connections with children's current personal experiences of bullying.

Linking Perceived Organizational Politics to Workplace Cyberbullying Perpetration: The Role of Anger and Fear.

The introduction of information and communication technologies in the workplace has extended the scope of bullying behaviors at work to the online context. However, less is known about the role of situational factors in encouraging cyberbullying behavior in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of perceived organizational politics in fueling cyberbullying in the workplace, and to examine the central role of negative emotions in this process. The sample comprised 279 faculty members of three large public sector universities in Islamabad, Pakistan. Results demonstrated that perceived organizational politics was positively associated with discrete negative emotions of anger and fear. Moreover, results indicated that anger was positively associated with cyberbullying perpetration, whereas fear was positively associated with face-to-face bullying victimization. Results also supported the idea that victims of face-to-face bullying may develop a positive attitude toward cyberbullying and retaliate against their more powerful face-to-face bullies online, possibly anonymously. We contribute to the literature by demonstrating that both forms of bullying can co-occur in the workplace as a consequence of perceived organizational politics, and the two roles—bully and victim—may be swapped among victims and perpetrators.

Fear emotion reduces reported mitigation behavior in adolescents subject to climate change education

Fear emotion reduces reported mitigation behavior in adolescents subject to climate change education

Manifestations of fear in anovel"Washam Nasie Albayadh" astudy in the Semiotics of passions

This research is based on the manifestations of the semiotics of emotions in the novel (Washm Nasie Albayadh) which means'' bright white tattoo''. It is written by the Iraqi novelist Ali Lafta Saeed. The aim is to reveal the importance of emotional interaction through the events of the novel. This is especially when any narrative act is only an inevitable result of the feelings and emotions experienced by the character. The novel (Washm Nasie Albayadh) introduces us to the subject of war, its tragedies, its impact on the individual, and the psychological state that it leaves behind. This includes suffering from anxiety, fear, tension, and looking for peace and tranquility. Since the semiotics of emotions investigates emotional states related to the self, we will adopt in our study a plan based on a preface and two sections: The first section: lexical and semantic manifestation, and the second section is characterized by “Emotional Chart” which includes formation, preparation, tropical phrasing, emotion, and moral correctness. After reading the novel and investigating the most prominent emotions in it, we conclude that the writer has intensely embodied the feelings of fear until it became the dominant identity phenomenon. Along with the emergence of emotions, anxiety and anger are the closest feelings that overlap with the emotion of fear. The writer used description and metaphor to express and magnify the passions.

Exploring the relationship between contrast avoidance and generalized anxiety disorder symptoms: the mediating roles of fear of emotion and intolerance of uncertainty

Exploring the relationship between contrast avoidance and generalized anxiety disorder symptoms: the mediating roles of fear of emotion and intolerance of uncertainty

Detection of EEG Patterns for Induced Fear Emotion State via EMOTIV EEG Testbench

In this study, International Affective Picture System (IAPS) were used to evoke fear and neutral stimuli using EMOTIV EPOC EEG recognition system (n=15). During the experiments, EEG data were recorded using the Test bench program. To synchronize the EEG records, IAPS pictures were reflected on the screen. A Python script was written in the Open Sesame program to provide a synchronized data flow in the Input/Output channels of the installed virtual serial port. The Event-Related Oscillations (ERO) responses and Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were calculated. Statistically significant differences (p

COVID-19 preparedness and social dynamics in a Sub-Saharan Africa country, Benin.

SummaryThis project aims to assess and analyse the perception and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Benin. The applied research methodology was interdisciplinary and combined field studies that used ethnographic and social research methods with coding and data analysis, leading to theoretical dilemmas, which were analysed from the viewpoint of bioethical reflection. Furthermore, biomedical engineering approaches were used to assess the preparedness to COVID-19. Despite the preparedness to COVID-19 due to the promoted governmental measures, a peculiar management of the pandemic emerged. The latter, although noteworthy, did not overcome the typical challenges of medical locations in low-resource settings. This, together with the controversial spread of information and local beliefs, caused significant economic and social consequences, exceeding the benefits related to the containment of the virus. This research highlights how the emotion of fear, in this specific situation, was herald of dramatic consequences, rather than having a heuristic and empowering effect.

Фактор страха в социальной и коммерческой рекламе (на примере текстов вывесок г. Перми)

The aim of the study is to provide a psycho-linguistic description of the main nominative units of fear in the texts of social and commercial advertising of city signboards. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time a comprehensive description of the social and commercial advertising text of a signboard as a special speech genre is presented (by Perm regional factual material); on the basis of a multi-aspect analysis, speech tactics of the efficiency/inefficiency of advertising impact on a consumer are identified; a kind of assessment of the emotion of fear in advertising text by Perm citizens of different age categories is determined. The obtained results have shown that modern advertising text is characterized by the use of an extensive layer of the vocabulary based on the emotion of fear.

Parallel exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the Hungarian Fear of COVID-19 Scale in a large general population sample: a psychometric and dimensionality evaluation

BackgroundThis study aims to confirm validity and reliability of the Hungarian version of Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and evaluate its dimensional structure.MethodsCross-sectional survey was carried out in 2021 among Hungarian general population. In addition to classical test theory methods, construct dimensionality of FCV-19S was assessed using EFA with principal axis factoring method and CFA with diagonally-weighted least squares estimation. Fear score was compared in age, gender, educational level, vaccination and infection subgroups.ResultsSignificant differences in FCV-19S mean scores were observed between three subgroups (age, gender, vaccination). Items showed good internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.88). EFA identified two latent factors (eig = 4.2 and 1.02), though parallel analysis supports the one-factor model. The two-dimensional structure was confirmed by CFA, items 3,4,6,7 correlated with Factor 1 (physiological fear), items 1,2,5 with Factor 2 (emotional fear).ConclusionThe Hungarian version of FCV-19S seems valid and reliable. The EFA identified two-latent factors (emotional and physiological fear), that was confirmed by CFA. The two-factor structure had better model fit, though its’ acceptance is limited.

10대 및 20대 학습자의 성취목표 잠재프로파일 분류 및 예측변인 탐색

Objectives This study classified potential profiles according to the level of achievement goal orientation targeting Korean learners in their teens and 20s, and investigated explicit and implicit should-thought, gender, subject, fear of failure, academic difficulty (comprehension and amount), and positive and negative emotional reaction to to study, explicit and implicit emotional exhaustion about schoolwork, and academic procrastination to predict potential group classification. Methods The study participants were 629 teenagers and 864 students in their 20s who participated online. Latent profile analysis was conducted through the results of the achievement goal orientation scale, and multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the influence of predictor variables on the latent profile. Results As a result, teen learners were divided into 3 potential groups and learners in their 20s into 5 potential groups, and the three groups of High All Goals, High-intermediate All Goals, and Average All Goals were identified in both age groups. Low All Goals and Mastery Goals were identified in 20s only. It was confirmed that fear of failure, academic efficacy, and should-thinking, and positive emotions to studying were related to High All Goals, and academic efficacy, should-thought, and positive emotions to studying were found to be related to High-intermediate All Goals. In addition, factors that act differentially according to the age of the potential group were also found. Conclusions These results suggest the need to consider the learner's developmental level in understanding the latent group profile and predictive factors, and help the learner's academic adjustment by exploring the relevance of the profile by dealing with relevant variables that affect academic adjustment. It is meaningful in that it provided implications for the intervention necessary for this purpose.