Fear Of Self Research Articles

The Relationship between Perceived Parenting Behaviors, Adult Attachment Styles, Fear of Self, and Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

The Relationship between Perceived Parenting Behaviors, Adult Attachment Styles, Fear of Self, and Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

The contribution of inferential confusion and fear of self to psychological models of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A dimensional approach

Current psychological models of obsessive-compulsive disorder account for a surprisingly small degree of variability in obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms in statistical models. The current study examined whether constructs from the inference-based approach to OCD (i.e., inferential confusion and fear of self) explain OC symptom dimensions above and beyond what is explained by the prevailing cognitive appraisal model. Undergraduate participants (N = 339) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires assessing OC symptoms, obsessive beliefs, inferential confusion, and fear of self. Results revealed that both psychological models together accounted for about one quarter of the variance in OC symptoms. The inference-based approach concepts most closely aligned with responsibility, symmetry, and unacceptable thoughts, and added explanatory value to appraisal models of these symptom domains. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

Testing an Imagery Rescripting Exercise Targeting Fear of Self.

A feared possible self refers to the unwanted characteristics that a person may possess or develop. We tested an experimental paradigm to target fear of possible self using imagery rescripting. A student sample (n = 91), with moderate obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, engaged in written and audio-guided exercises to evoke episodic future mental imagery that represented their feared possible self. Participants were then randomized between imagery rescripting or neutral imagery control tasks. The results revealed no difference between conditions in fear of self or general obsessional beliefs following the manipulation. State anxiety and the urge to neutralize the imagery reduced more in the control condition than in the rescripting condition. These findings suggest that the current paradigm is emotionally engaging but not effective at addressing fear of self as measured. Methodological improvements such as removing a written component of the rescripting task and idiosyncratic measuring of fear of self are proposed.

A Survey of Fear for Others, Fear for Self, and Pandemic Anxiety Predicting Intention to Take the First Booster Vaccine to Combat COVID-19.

Three independent variables were considered in their ability to predict the intent to take the first COVID-19 booster vaccine (BINT): Fear for Others (FOTH), Fear for SELF (FSELF), and COVID-19 Anxiety (CANX). The confirmatory factor analysis supported an underlying three-factor solution for three central emotions in this study. A path analysis indicated significant direct effects for FOTH and FSELF in the prediction of BINT. The interdependent nature of these variables on the intent to get the first booster vaccine also was indicated by significant indirect effects. Fear should be more precisely refined to include the fear for others (FOTH) beyond consideration of the fear for self (FSELF) from the impact of COVID-19. FOTH and FSELF were demonstrated to be direct predictors of BINT. CANX was only found to be significant as part of indirect effects impacting BINT. Future investigation should be given to the mediating role of anxiety with FOTH and FSELF as the context changes.

The Threads That Weave Me

The Threads That Weave Me

Child abuse and wellbeing: Examining the roles of self-compassion and fear of self

IntroductionChildhood abuse is linked to poorer well-being, yet some survivors show no prolonged effect, suggesting multifinality. Men and women also differ in the experience and sequelae of abuse supporting gender-specific analyses. To assist in circumventing poor outcomes associated with child abuse, this study examined fear of self (FoS) and self-compassion (SC) as risk and protective factors between child abuse and well-being. MethodAustralian women (N = 1302, Mage = 47.28 [13.63]) completed an online assessment of childhood abuse, psychological distress, perceived quality of life, SC, FoS. Moderated-moderation examined the different abuses as predictors of psychological distress and quality of life (QoL) and FoS and SC as primary and secondary moderators, respectively. ResultsPhysical abuse did not predict psychological distress or QoL. FoS and SC were independent predictors of distress and QoL. Similarly, childhood sexual abuse was not found to predict distress or QoL. FoS and SC were independent predictors of distress and QoL. There was also an interaction between childhood sexual abuse and SC in predicting QoL. A moderated-moderation was found for the relationship between child sexual abuse and distress. Psychological abuse predicted distress and QoL, and FoS and SC both moderated this relationship. Moreover, a moderated-moderation was observed for the relationship between psychological abuse and QoL. ConclusionsGreater FoS is associated with poorer outcomes for child abuse survivors; SC may mitigate this impact. Psychological abuse was the strongest predictor of well-being. Interventions that increase SC and raise awareness of psychological abuse and its impacts are needed.

Causal Model Analysis of the Effect of Formalism, Fear of Infection, COVID-19 Stress on Firefighters' Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome and Insomnia.

As the front line of epidemic prevention, firefighters are responsible for the transportation of infected cases. Firefighters are under a lot of stress from the new COVID-19, especially the fear that they may contract the virus at work and spread the virus to their families. In particular, the framework of this study incorporates Riggs' formalism variables. When firefighters think that the epidemic prevention regulations are inconsistent with the actual epidemic prevention, it will increase their work pressure on COVID-19. In this study, firefighters from all over Taiwan were used as the respondents, and a total of 453 respondents were obtained. This study uses confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to test the established hypotheses. The findings confirm that formalism, fear of self and family infection are positively influencing COVID-19 stress. COVID-19 stress positively affects PTSD and insomnia. COVID-19 stress negatively affects problem-focused strategies. Problem-focused strategies negatively affect post-traumatic stress disorder.

The Mediating Role of Fear of Self in the Relationship between Insecure Attachment Styles and Obsessive Beliefs in a Non-Clinical Population

The Mediating Role of Fear of Self in the Relationship between Insecure Attachment Styles and Obsessive Beliefs in a Non-Clinical Population

Daily dynamics and mechanisms of anxious symptomatology in the general population: A network study during the COVID-19 pandemic

To understand the interplay between anxiety symptoms and their maintaining psychological processes in the population, an analysis of longitudinal within-person relationships is required. A sample of 1706 individuals completed daily measures during a 40-day period with strict mitigation protocols. Data of 1368 individuals who completed at least 30 assessments were analyzed with the multilevel vector autoregressive (mlVAR) model. This model estimates a temporal, a contemporaneous, and a between-person network. Uncontrollability of worry, generalized worry, fear of being infected, fear of significant others being infected, and threat monitoring had the highest outstrength within the temporal network, indicating that daily fluctuations in these components were the most predictive of next-day fluctuations in other components. Of specific connections, both fear of self and fear of close others being infected predicted generalized worry and threat monitoring. In turn, generalized worry and threat monitoring engaged in several positive feedback loops with other anxiety symptoms and processes. Also, intolerance of uncertainty was predictive of other components. The findings align with the mechanisms both in the metacognitive therapy (MCT) model and in the intolerance of uncertainty model of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Mental health and well-being of anaesthetists during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed substantial burdens on clinicians and there is a need to better understand the impact on mental health and well-being. This scoping review investigates the prevalence of mental health concerns in anaesthetists, risk and protective factors for mental well-being, and anaesthetists' pandemic-related concerns and support. We searched online databases for articles published between January 2020 and May 2022, using search terms related to: anaesthesia; burnout, well-being, mental health or stress; and COVID-19. We identified 20 articles comprising 19 different populations of anaesthetists (n = 8680) from 14 countries. Studies identified the prevalence of the following condition in anaesthetists: burnout (14-59%); stress (50-71%); anxiety (11-74%); depression (12-67%); post-traumatic stress (17-25%); psychological distress (52%); and insomnia (17-61%). Significant risk factors for poorer mental health included: direct COVID-19-related issues (fear of self and family exposure to infection; requirement for quarantine); practitioner health factors (insomnia; comorbidities); psychosocial factors (loneliness; isolation; perceived lack of support at home and work); demographic factors (female gender; non-white ethnicity; LGBTQIA+); and workplace factors (redeployment outside area of clinical practice; increased work effort; personal protective equipment shortages). Protective factors identified included: job satisfaction; perceived organisational justice; older age; and male sex. Anaesthetists' self-reported concerns related to: personal protective equipment; resource allocation; fear of infection; fear of financial loss; increased workload; and effective communication of protocols for patient treatment. Support from family, colleagues and hospital management was identified as an important coping mechanism. Findings from this review may support the design of interventions to enhance anaesthetists' psychological health during pandemic conditions and beyond. Future research should include consistent psychological outcome measures and rigorous experimental design beyond cross-sectional studies.

Fighting social isolation in times of pandemic COVID-19: the role of video calls for older hospitalized patients

BackgroundLoneliness and social isolation are associated with anxiety and psychological discomfort, especially amongst the oldest and fragile persons.AimsSILVER evaluates the acceptance of video calls by old hospitalized patients and their relatives during the ban on visits due to the COVID-19. Moreover, SILVER evaluates if the use of different communication technology is associated with different outcomes in terms of anxiety, fear of self and of others’ death and mood.MethodsSILVER is an observational multicentre study. Patients hospitalized in two geriatric units in Switzerland and in one orthogeriatric unit in Italy and their relatives were enrolled. Participants can freely choose to use phone or video calls and were evaluated over a week. We measured anxiety, fear of death and mood at baseline and at the end of the study with standard scales. The use of video or phone calls was associated to a change in these parameters by two-way ANOVA for repeated measures.ResultsSixty-four patients and relatives were enrolled, 26.5% used phone calls and 73.5% video calls. The use of video calls was associated with a reduction in anxiety and fear of death in patients and relatives as compared to participants using phone calls.DiscussionOld patients and their relatives accepted and appreciated the use of video calls during hospitalization; moreover, participant using video calls appears to be less anxious and less afraid of death.ConclusionsVideo calls may be a useful communication tool for hospitalized older patients to keep social relationships with relatives and reduce their anxiety and fear of death.Trial RegistrationRetrospectively registered on 1st September 2021 in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05000099).

Relationship Between Ethical Sensitivity with Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms and Sleep Problems: The Mediating Role of Fear of Self

Relationship Between Ethical Sensitivity with Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms and Sleep Problems: The Mediating Role of Fear of Self

An examination of the fear of self and religiosity as either related or independent vulnerability factors for mental contamination

• A non-consensual kiss manipulation triggered mental contamination. • Religiosity and the fear of self constitute vulnerability to the urge to wash. • Religiosity and the fear of self were related to a higher urge to wash through the mental contamination. • Religiosity and the fear of self did not show a significant association.

Online reassurance-seeking and relationships with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, shame, and fear of self

Theory and research on reassurance-seeking in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has generally focused on interpersonal forms. Interpersonal reassurance-seeking presents social and emotional risks, which individuals with OCD report awareness of and a desire to minimize. Additionally, OCD symptoms—particularly “unacceptable thoughts”—are associated with shame and fear of self, each of which may motivate avoidance of interpersonal disclosure and pursuit of alternate reassurance sources. This paper presents an initial exploration of non-interactive online reassurance-seeking, which has not yet received comprehensive research attention. The frequencies of interpersonal and online reassurance-seeking, and their respective relationships to obsessive-compulsive symptoms, shame, and fear of self, were examined in two non-clinical samples (N = 239; N = 220). In both samples, online reassurance-seeking was endorsed at least as frequently as its interpersonal counterpart, had stronger partial relationships with total obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and was uniquely predicted by unacceptable thoughts. The latter relationship was accounted for by fear of self in Study 1, and by shame in Study 2. In Study 2, shame also predicted less frequent interpersonal reassurance-seeking. Conceptual and clinical implications are discussed.

Work Does Not End When You Leave: Concerns and Coping Strategies Among Nursing Home Social Workers During COVID-19

Nursing home social workers (NH SW) at the frontline during COVID-19 are faced with many challenges in meeting the psychosocial needs of residents while balancing their own well-being needs. In order to explore the experiences of NH SW during COVID-19, the study utilized a cross-sectional survey distributed to social media sites (e.g., Reddit, Facebook) and professional networks. The survey asked participants (N = 63) open-ended questions which were analyzed using the rigorous and accelerated data reduction (RADaR) method. Themes suggested that fear for self, lack of administrative support, and overall stress were notable concerns among NH SW. Findings also suggested that support from family/friends and self-care were most personally helpful to NH SW. Lastly, themes related to coping strategies included talking with co-workers, mindfulness, and boundary setting. Findings suggest the need for increased supports for NH SW. Implications related to stress and coping during COVID-19 are offered.

The role of gender, fear of self and disgust propensity in mental contamination: A model test using mental contamination induction

The role of gender, fear of self and disgust propensity in mental contamination: A model test using mental contamination induction

Nurses' experience of caring for people living with HIV: a focused ethnography.

Healthcare providers have been found to have limited knowledge and skills in interacting with people living with HIV. These factors can adversely affect providers' practice, jeopardize their safety and compromise the care of the patients. This study aimed to explore the experiences of Iranian nurses who were caring for patients with HIV. A focused ethnography approach was used. Participants consisted of 12 nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences and recruited by purposeful sampling. Semi-structured interviews, field observations and field notes were used for data collection. Data were analysed employing content analysis. Three main themes emerged from the analysis of the participants' experiences of providing care to patients with HIV: 'excessive fear of being infected', 'concerns about the possible consequences' and 'lack of self-confidence in care provision'. Nurses have experienced a great deal of fear of self and cross-contamination when providing care to people living with HIV. Social stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV amplified the nurses' experience of fear. Providing appropriate education and training for nurses can improve their attitudes, emotions and self-confidence while providing care to such people and increasing the quality of care provided. Planning more educational programmes focusing on improving their misunderstandings about HIV could result in positive outcomes: for nurses to provide high-quality care and for people living with HIV who receive this care. The healthcare system should consider the culture of care provided by nurses to these people.

Fear of nature, fear of self, fear of society: Psychic defense mechanisms in Adorno's theory of culture and experience

AbstractThis paper argues that the diagnostic import of Adorno's culture industry writings lie in their psychoanalytically rooted claim that contemporary culture is losing its ability to negate and reconfigure experience, due to the modern subject's instrumentalized relationship to culture. Adorno uses psychoanalytic ideas—namely, modified and historicized versions of Freud's theory of the instincts, ego formation, the reality principle, and the superego—to show that changes in the social organization of the psyche, which track the transition from myth to enlightenment, put the ego in a precarious position, torn between a primal fear of nature that drives it to submit to society, and internalized fear of its own internal nature, as well as of losing itself in society. This explains how culture becomes a resource capable of being mobilized by the ego's defense mechanisms of identification and introjection to shore up its own sense of solidity, thereby negating culture's potential for transcendence or transformation. This paper concludes with a coda that suggests that, while rejecting Adorno's metacritique of the reason is not sufficient grounds for rejecting the culture industry, critical theorists like Habermas and Honneth may have other tools at their disposal for contesting its conclusions.

Feared self and dimensions of obsessive compulsive symptoms: Sexual orientation-obsessions, relationship obsessions, and general OCD symptoms

Feared self beliefs have been found to relate with OCD, whereby fears of who one is or might become have had implications for the experience of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The present study aimed to further the investigation of the fear of self to different OCD-symptom dimensions, including the understudied dimensions of relationship OCD and sexual orientation OCD, and compare this to prediction by other specific and general OCD-relevant beliefs. The final sample comprised 264 non-clinical participants (48.9% males) with a mean age of 34.65 years (SD = 12.01), who completed a battery of self-report measures. We found that different cognitions may contribute to OCD symptom presentations. General maladaptive beliefs were predictive of general OCD symptoms, while specific sexual-orientation beliefs were predictive of SO-OCD, over-and-above the more general beliefs noted in the cognitive appraisal model of OCD. The “feared self” was found to relate significantly to all OC symptoms dimensions including relationship OCD and sexual orientation OCD, and predicted significant additional variance in all symptom dimensions except for contamination and partner-focussed obsessions. The findings suggest that beliefs centred on feared self-perceptions and inner-self concerns may be important in understanding the appraisal process of intrusions.

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 among workers of a tertiary hospital in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has since assumed pandemic dimensions with over 14million persons affected in 213 countries and territories worldwide as at mid-July 2020. The level of awareness and knowledge of the disease as well as the related attitude and practice amongst hospital workers could determine its extent of control. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices amongst hospital staff regarding COVID-19. this cross-sectional study was conducted among staff of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was adapted in assessing their knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19. one hundred and twenty four respondents completed the study with a mean age of 30.9 ± 6.5 years. Up to 90% of them demonstrated good knowledge of COVID-19 with regard to preventive and control measures. Approximately 90% of them practiced good hand hygiene though a lesser proportion wore face masks (51.6%) and practiced crowd avoidance (58.1%). Medical doctors had a marginally higher practice score compared with "others" (p = 0,047). Up to 98(79.0%) of respondents were scared of self-infection and 99(79.8%) were not motivated to work due to inadequate facilities, equipment and resources in 50% of cases. Knowledge of COVID-19 was positively correlated with the practices of the participants (p = 0.023). the hospital staff lacked adequate motivation towards management of COVID-19 and were constrained for the fear of self- infection, inadequate equipment, resources and equipment despite possessing a good knowledge of the disease. There is need for concerted efforts by stakeholders in the health care industry to ensure hospital workers are adequately motivated and provided with the needed risk protection devices and resources during this pandemic.