Finite Element Method Analysis Research Articles

Interface Acoustic Waves in 128° YX-LiNbO3/SU-8/Overcoat Structures

The propagation of interface acoustic waves (IAWs) in 128° YX-LiNbO3/SU-8/overcoat structures was theoretically studied and experimentally investigated for different types of overcoat materials and thicknesses of the SU-8 adhesive layer. Three-dimensional finite element method analysis was performed using Comsol Multiphysics software to design an optimized multilayer configuration able to achieve an efficient guiding effect of the IAW at the LiNbO3/overcoat interface. Numerical analysis results showed the following: (i) an overcoat faster than the piezoelectric half-space ensures that the wave propagation is confined mainly close to the surface of the LiNbO3, although with minimal scattering in the overcoat; (ii) the presence of the SU-8, in addition to performing the essential function of an adhesive layer, can also promote the trapping of the acoustic energy toward the surface of the piezoelectric substrate; and (iii) the electromechanical coupling efficiency of the IAW is very close to that of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) along the bare LiNbO3 half-space. The numerical predictions were experimentally assessed for some SU-8 layer thicknesses and overcoat material types. The propagation of the IAWs was experimentally measured in LiNbO3/SU-8/fused silica, LiNbO3/SU-8/(001)Si, and LiNbO3/SU-8/c-Al2O3 structures for an SU-8 layer about 15 µm thick; the velocities of the IAWs were found in good agreement with the theoretically calculated values. Although the interest in IAWs was born many years ago for packageless applications, it can currently be renewed if thought for applications in microfluidics. Indeed, the IAWs may represent a valid alternative to standing SAWs, which are strongly attenuated when travelling beneath the walls of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channels for continuous flow particle manipulation, provided that the channel is excavated into the overcoating.

Fatigue life evaluation of bulk cement tank trailer frame based on hot spot stress approach using the combined fe/mbd method

The bulk cement tanker trailer frame is the main load-bearing component, and it is manufactured by the welding method. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the fatigue strength of the trailer frame. In this study, the fatigue stress of this structure is determined by using the hot spot stress approach. First, a combined method of finite element (FE) analysis and multi-body dynamics (MBD) simulation is used to analyse the structural stress. Considering the factors of speed and road surface class in operating conditions in Vietnam, MBD simulation is used to determine the dynamic load acting on the trailer frame when the trailer is excited by an uneven road surface. The nodal stress in the time domain is determined by structural dynamic analysis of the trailer frame with this dynamic load. The linear extrapolation of stress at the reference points is then used to determine the structural hot spot stress of the critical locations. Finally, the selected fatigue curve that corresponds to the related fatigue class (FAT) is used to calculate the fatigue life. In the fatigue analysis model, the cumulative fatigue damage value is chosen taking into account the durability degradation due to the thermal influence of the welded structures

Stress Analysis and Safety Factors of Hand-rail Hoppers Based on the FEA Method

Ensuring handrails structural integrity and safety in industrial hopper systems is crucial for worker protection and operational efficiency. This study investigates handrail systems design, stress analysis, and safety factors using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) via SolidWorks. Observations of existing systems revealed deficiencies such as improper welding techniques and unstable mounting, which were addressed through an improved modular handrail design that incorporated standardized dimensions, full-welded joints, and clamped baseplates. The methodology included a comprehensive simulation of the static loads, stress distributions, and deformation patterns validated through physical load testing. Results demonstrated significant improvements, with a reduction in the maximum stress by 25% and deformation by 40%, yielding a safety factor of 1.85. The findings confirm compliance with the industrial safety standards and highlight the robustness of the proposed design. This research contributes to advancing workplace safety through a replicable framework that combines simulation and empirical validation, offering broader applicability to safety-critical industrial components.

Adhesion-induced roof collapse of a rectangular micro-groove under applied pressure

ABSTRACT In soft lithography roof collapse is frequently observed on the stamp surface consisting of rectangular micro-grooves which yields unwanted contact between the sagged surface and the substrate. Deep understanding of the adhesive contact behavior is a key to design of high-performance collapse-resistant stamp. Both theoretical and numerical studies are presented for a single rectangular micro-groove in the middle of the stamp surface under applied pressure. The JKR-type adhesion solution is established by the principle of superposition and equivalent energy release rate, with a series of closed-form expressions derived which are consistent with previous studies. Finite element analysis (FEA) is performed based on virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) to investigate the roof collapse mechanism with interfacial adhesion and applied pressure considered. Comparison of theoretical, numerical, and experimental results demonstrates that both size effect and constitutive nonlinearity of the stamp on the self-collapse contact width are not obvious for shallow grooves but become prominent for deep grooves, so that the obtained analytical solution is limited to shallow grooves due to its assumptions of half-plane and linear elasticity adopted for the stamp. For deep grooves, the present FEA method shows potential to capture more accurate results.

Dynamic analysis of porous fiber‐reinforced sandwich composite panel with variable angle

AbstractDamped sandwich composite structures are increasingly used in the aerospace, automotive and energy sectors due to their high damping and lightweight properties. Here, a novel porous fiber‐reinforced sandwich composite structure is proposed, by punching holes in fiber cloth with impregnated damping solution, and resin flows through the holes during the formation of the composite structure, connecting the upper and lower prepreg layers. This paper focuses on the theoretical study of the free vibration behavior of simply supported composite porous multilayer fiber‐reinforced sandwich composite structures with arbitrary delamination angles. The vibrational differential equation including the orientation angle was established and solved using Rayleigh‐Ritz method and Navier method. Subsequently, the Abaqus finite element method and modal test analysis were used to evaluate the dynamic performance of the structure with different orientation angles, verify the proposed theoretical model and solution strategy, and perform structural optimization based on a genetic algorithm. The results show that the panel with the area ratio of the damping layer of 94.854% and a fiber orientation angle of multiples of 45° has excellent dynamic performance. This model has significant advantages in improving structural stiffness and provides a theoretical basis for practical engineering applications.Highlights A dynamic model of porous multilayer damping plate is established. The effect of different fiber orientation angle on porous plate is studied. An experimental platform is constructed to corroborate the theoretical accuracy. Structural optimization of porous plate is conducted using a genetic algorithm. The influence of structural parameters on the porous plate is analyzed.

Evaluation of 3D-Printed Connectors in Chair Construction: A Comparative Study with Traditional Mortise-and-Tenon Joints.

The present paper investigates the possibility of replacing the traditional L-type corner joint used in chair construction with a 3D printed connector, manufactured using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) method and black PLA as filament. The connector was designed to assemble the legs with seat rails and stretchers, and it was tested under diagonal tensile and compression loads. Its performance was compared to that of the traditional mortise-and-tenon joint. Stresses and displacements of the jointed members with connector were analyzed using non-linear Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. Both connector and mortise-and-tenon joint were employed to build chair prototypes made from beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.). Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method was used to analyze the displacements in the vicinity of the jointed members of the chairs. Seat and backrest static load tests were carried out in order to verify if the chairs withstand standard loading requirements. Results indicated that the 3D printed connector exhibited equivalent mechanical performance as the traditional joint. The recorded displacement values of the chair with 3D-printed connectors were higher than those of the traditional chair reaching 0.6 mm on the X-axis and 1.1 mm on the Y-axis, without any failures under a maximum vertical load of approximately 15 kN applied to the seat. However, it successfully withstood the loads for seating and backrest standard tests, in accordance with EN 1728:2012, without any structural failure. This paper presents a new approach for the chair manufacturing sector, with potential applicability to other types of furniture.

Convergence analysis of finite element method for incompressible magnetohydrodynamics system with variable density

Convergence analysis of finite element method for incompressible magnetohydrodynamics system with variable density

LATTICE STRUCTURES GRADING FOR STIFFNESS OPTIMIZATION: AN APPROACH BASED ON TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION FOR PARTS MANUFACTURED VIA MULTI JET FUSION

The rapid advancement of additive manufacturing (AM) technology and computational design techniques has unveiled a promising synergy between these two fields. The high print resolution achievable nowadays enables the pro-duction of intricate shapes, such as lattice structures, which can be further opti-mized through simulation-driven design techniques such as topology optimization (TO). This paper presents an optimization workflow that leverages field-driven design to employ the results of a TO to locally vary the diameter of lattice struc-tures, aiming for weight reduction and stiffness maximization. The process in-volves the automation of nTop design software via Python scripts to systemati-cally evaluate design variants and identify optimal solutions. The workflow steps are demonstrated through the application to a connecting rod and conclude with the evaluation of the achieved mechanical performance of the optimized compo-nent via Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. Keywords: Additive Manufacturing, Topology Optimization, Lattice Structures, Field-Driven Design, Finite Element Method.

A multi-scale finite element analysis method for dynamic simulation of the wire rope

A multi-scale finite element analysis method for dynamic simulation of the wire rope

FEM Analysis of Balanced Cantilever Bridgedeck Slab with Different Skewness

Abstract: The current explores the finite element method (FEM) analysis of balanced cantilever skew bridges under the higher loading class of IRC 6:2017. The study delves into how increased skewness of the deck impacts the structural responses. For this study, a part of bridge is taken with 14m span and 3.5m width of lane taken into account for analysis. Using different skew angles, total 7 cases have created and analysed. After analysis the checks have been performed to verify the deck slab performance. Different conclusions have been drawn on deck slab, other structural members such as pier and longitudinal girder. Findings indicate that greater skewness results in elevated stress levels, particularly in the deck slab. The analysis reveals a direct proportionality between the degree of skewness and the magnitude of stress observed, underscoring the significance of skew angle in structural performance assessments

Investigation of the Sunvisor Material Used in the Automotive Industry in Terms of Strength Using Finite Element Analysis Method

In this study, by simulating two different force points where users will potentially apply the sunvisor parts used in passenger cars due to their functional use, the strength properties were carried out with different designs and different equivalent materials using finite element analysis. In the study, two different models were examined and in one model, S235-JR+10 steel support material was used in one of the force points. In the other model, completely plastic material was used. The production of the sunvisor part was carried out using PA66 GF-30 and PPGF40 raw materials. In this way, 3 different scenarios were examined compared to the reference and finite element analysis of these scenarios was carried out. When we evaluated the results, the positive effect of the steel support material used in the first region where the force was applied was determined and a decrease in displacement values ​​was observed in the sunvisor part produced with PPGF40 raw material as material.

Deck Slab Skewness Behavior on Pier and Longitudinal Girder of Balanced Cantilever Bridge: An Analytical Study

The finite element method (FEM) analysis of balanced cantilever skew bridges under the higher loading class of IRC 6:2017 is explored in this study. The impact of increased skewness in the deck on other structural members of the bridge is examined. For the analysis, a portion of a bridge with a span of 14 meters and a lane width of 3.5 meters is considered. Seven cases are created and analyzed using various skew angles. After the analysis, checks are performed to evaluate how the performance of the deck slab influences other bridge components, including the longitudinal girder. Conclusions are drawn regarding the pier and longitudinal girder based on the results. It is found that greater skewness in the deck slab leads to increased values of parameters such as axial forces, shear forces, bending moments, and torsional moments in the bridge. The analysis demonstrates a direct proportionality between the skew angle and the magnitude of stress, highlighting the critical role of skewness in structural performance evaluations.

Failure and Degradation Mechanisms of Steel Pipelines: Analysis and Development of Effective Preventive Strategies.

The increasing challenges related to the reliability and durability of steel pipeline infrastructure necessitate a detailed understanding of degradation and failure mechanisms. This study focuses on selective corrosion and erosion as critical factors, analyzing their impact on pipeline integrity using advanced methods, including macroscopic analysis, corrosion testing, microscopic examination, tensile strength testing, and finite element method (FEM) modeling. Selective corrosion in the heat-affected zones (HAZs) of longitudinal welds was identified as the dominant degradation mechanism, with pit depths reaching up to 6 mm, leading to tensile strength reductions of 30%. FEM analysis showed that material loss exceeding 8 mm in weld areas under standard operating pressure (16 bar) induces critical stress levels, risking pipeline failure. Erosion was found to exacerbate selective corrosion, accelerating degradation in high-stress zones. Practical recommendations include the use of corrosion-resistant materials, such as duplex steels, and implementing integrated monitoring strategies combining non-destructive testing with FEM-based predictive modeling. These insights contribute to developing robust preventive measures to ensure the safety and longevity of pipeline infrastructure.

Modeling of Metal Cutting Processes Within the Material Point Method Using the Johnson–Cook Material Law

ABSTRACTThe material point method represents an alternative approach to simulations, differing from traditional methods like the finite element method (FEM). This technique involves discretizing bodies using material points while solving equations on a separate computational grid where each time step comprises three steps. Initially, the kinematic quantities of the material points are transferred to the grid nodes. Subsequently, computations are carried out on these nodes, with the results then reassigned to the material points, updating their position, velocity, stress as well as deformation state. After each time step, the previous grid is discarded as it does not rely on persistent information. As a result, a new grid is initialized in each time step, avoiding the risk of mesh distortion in the case of huge deformations, a common drawback arising in FEM analyses. This contribution presents simulations of three‐dimensional metal cutting processes utilizing the Johnson–Cook material law to accommodate for plastic strain rates and heat generated by plastic deformations. Additionally, the grid‐shift technique is employed to reduce oscillations and enhance robustness of the simulations.

Nonlinear dynamic responses of bistable cantilever shell subjected to in-plane foundation excitation

This paper focuses on the nonlinear vibration and snap-through behavior of bistable cantilever shell under in-plane foundation excitation. A combination of experimental and finite element analysis methods are used for an in-depth exploration. The experimental setup is built to accurately simulate the in-plane foundation excitation environment and measure the nonlinear responses of bistable cantilever shell. By adjusting excitation parameters, the dynamic behavior of the structure under different conditions is systematically observed, especially the snap-through process from one stable-state to the other. A corresponding finite element model is established based on ABAQUS software to verify the accuracy of the experimental results and further understand the motion mechanism, which takes into account factors such as material nonlinearity and geometric large deformation. By comparing the experimental results with the simulation data, a high degree of consistency is exhibited. This not only verifies the reliability of the experimental method but also demonstrates the accuracy and applicability of the established FEA model. The nonlinear vibration and snap-through behavior of bistable cantilever shell are quite sensitive to the excitation levers.

Impact of layer orientation and interlayer inhomogeneity on the bending properties of plain weave CFRP laminates

AbstractPlain weave carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates have garnered widespread attention in the aerospace and automotive industries due to their exceptional mechanical properties and lightweight structure. During the production of laminates, the thickness of each layer is often nonuniform. In traditional finite element analysis (FEA), the laminates are usually assumed to be uniformly layered, which can introduce some errors. Thus, there is room for improvement in prediction accuracy. This study explores the bending performance of plain weave CFRP laminates at different orientation angles of the layers, employing both experimental and FEA. In contrast to traditional methods, using images of weave structures captured by metallographic microscopy to create the representative volume element (RVE) model can improve the precision of FEA. Bending tests are conducted on specimens with orientation angles at 0° and 45°, while the bending modulus for orientation angles at 15° and 30° are predicted through FEA methods. This research enhances the accuracy of the mechanical performance analysis of plain weave CFRP laminates and also uncovers the relationship between the bending modulus changes and the orientation angles. It provides a theoretical foundation and guidance for optimizing the structural design and improving the mechanical properties of woven laminates.Highlights Investigated plain weave CFRP laminate mechanics via homogenization. Microscopy‐based RVE model improves FEM bending modulus prediction. Effects of orientation angles on plain weave CFRP laminate bending performance.

Evaluation of stress distribution in coronal base and restorative materials: A narrative review of finite element analysis studies

Background: Analyzing the stresses created by functional and parafunctional forces on teeth, bones, soft tissues, and intraoral dental materials is crucial for enhancing the success and development of restorations. Purpose: The purpose of this review is to evaluate studies that examine stress distribution in coronal base and restorative materials using the method of finite element analysis. Review: The three-dimensional finite element analysis method is extensively utilized to study biomechanical behavior and assess stress distribution within dental materials. Numerous studies from 2010 to 2024 have investigated the stress caused by polymerization shrinkage and the distribution of stress in various base and restorative materials. Conclusion: This review emphasizes findings related to stress distribution in coronal base and restorative materials, stressing the importance of considering the elastic modulus and thickness of base materials, and highlighting the need for additional research in this field.

Finite Element Analysis On T-Type Bone Plate Using Stainless Steel 316l

Bone fractures refer to the phenomenon of bone breakage or detachment caused by intensive loads. The primary causes of bone damage include incidents, traffic accidents, and sports injuries. One of the materials commonly used for bone support applications is 316L stainless steel. The design process for T-type bone supports involves creating mechanical drawings and simulations to demonstrate the material's behavior when subjected to mechanical and thermal loads during use by patients.In this study, the researchers aim to examine the mechanical and thermal properties of T-type bone plates using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The technical drawing of the T-type bone support is developed in Autodesk Fusion 360. The simulations involve the application of static and thermal loads. The loads applied to the T-type bone plate include compressive forces of 1 N, 10 N, 50 N, 85 N and 500 N, as well as temperatures of 28°C, 500°C, 800°C, 950°C, and 1400°C. The smallest stress is observed at a force of 1 N, resulting in a stress of 4.64 MPa, while the highest stress is recorded at a force of 500 N, producing a stress of 2319.70 MPa. Forces below 50 N are considered the safest to avoid deformation during loading. Additionally, temperatures below 912°C are optimal for the operation of bone supports.

Simulation of an Orthodontic System Using the Lingual Technique Based on the Finite Element Method.

Backgrounds/Objectives: The finite element method (FEM) is an advanced numerical technique that can be applied in orthodontics to study tooth movements, stresses, and deformations that occur during orthodontic treatment. It is also useful for simulating and visualizing the biomechanical behavior of teeth, tissues, and orthodontic appliances in various clinical scenarios. The objective of this research was to analyze the mechanical behavior of teeth, tissues, and orthodontic appliances in various clinical scenarios. Materials and Methods: For this study, we utilized a model derived from a set of CBCT scans of a 26-year-old female patient who underwent fixed orthodontic treatment using the lingual technique. Through a series of programs based on reverse engineering, we constructed a three-dimensional reconstruction of the teeth and their internal structures. Using the finite element method (FEM), we obtained six simulations of an orthodontic system utilizing the fixed lingual technique, in which we employed brackets made of chrome-nickel or gold, and archwires made of nitinol, gold, or stainless steel. Results: The study reveals that although the deformation of the archwires during orthodontic treatment is the same, the forces generated by the three types of archwires on brackets differ. The variation in forces applied to the brackets in the fixed lingual orthodontic technique is essential for customizing orthodontic treatment, as these forces must be precisely controlled to ensure effective tooth movement and prevent overloading of the dental structures. Conclusions: The FEM analysis allows for the identification of ideal combinations between the materials used for orthodontic archwires and the materials used for brackets. This ensures that the optimal intensity of forces applied during the fixed lingual orthodontic technique results in desired tooth movements without causing damage to the enamel, dentin, or pulp of the teeth.

Research on the Stress Characteristics of Reuse of Semi-Rigid Base.

Semi-rigid bases are widely used in road construction due to their excellent properties, high rigidity, and frost resistance, and they have been in service for many years. However, as the service life increases, the maintenance demands also grow, with traditional maintenance methods still being the primary approach. Based on a typical case using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technology, this study explores the issue of cracks in semi-rigid bases and their impact on overlay layers. The findings indicate that the overlay layer at semi-rigid base cracks struggles to withstand significant tensile and shear stresses, leading to reflective cracking and reducing pavement durability. To address this problem, this paper investigates the application potential of crushing technology in maintaining semi-rigid bases. Crushing technology has been widely employed in the maintenance of cement concrete panels, effectively eliminating reflective cracks and extending the service life of overlays. Given that semi-rigid bases share similar high-strength characteristics with cement concrete panels, crushing technology shows considerable applicability in semi-rigid base maintenance. This study employs a finite element analysis method to establish a semi-rigid base model under the impact load of multi-hammer equipment. It examines its dynamic mechanical response and evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of crushing technology for semi-rigid base maintenance. Additionally, this study investigates the influence of the crushed layer's modulus and thickness on key mechanical design indicators of the overlay and proposes recommendations for optimal design parameters. The research results provide valuable references for the design of the thickness and modulus in maintaining and repairing semi-rigid bases, contributing to improving pavement performance and durability.