Fe3O4 Addition Research Articles

Mechanistic insights into Fe3O4-mediated inhibition of H2S gas production in sludge anaerobic digestion

The addition of iron-based conductive materials has been extensively validated as a highly effective approach to augment methane generation from anaerobic digestion (AD) process. In this work, it was additionally discovered that Fe3O4 notably suppressed the production of hazardous H2S gas during sludge AD. As the addition of Fe3O4 increased from 0 to 20 g/L, the accumulative H2S yields decreased by 89.2 % while the content of element sulfur and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) respectively increased by 55.0 % and 30.4 %. Mechanism analyses showed that the added Fe3O4 facilitated sludge conductive capacity, and boosted the efficiency of extracellular electron transfer, which accelerated the bioprocess of sulfide oxidation. Although Fe3O4 can chemically oxidize sulfide to elemental sulfur, microbial oxidation plays a major role in reducing H2S accumulation. Moreover, the released iron ions reacted with soluble sulfide, which promoted the chemical equilibrium of sulfide species from H2S to metal sulfide. Microbial analysis showed that some SRBs (i.e., Desulfomicrobium and Defluviicoccus) and SOB (i.e., Sulfuritalea) changed into keystone taxa (i.e., connectors and module hubs) in the reactor with Fe3O4 addition, showing that the functions of sulfate reduction and sulfur oxidation may play important roles in Fe3O4-present system. Fe3O4 presence also increased the content of functional genes encoding sulfide quinone reductase and flavocytochrome c sulfidedehydrogenase (e.g., Sqr and Fcc) that could oxidize sulfide to sulfur. The impact of other iron-based conductive material (i.e., zero-valent iron) was also verified, and the results showed that it could also significantly reduce H2S production. These findings provide new insights into the effect of iron-based conductive materials on anaerobic process, especially sulfur conversion.

Immobilization of radioactive borate liquid waste using calcined laterite–phosphoric acid–Fe3O4-based geopolymer waste forms

In this study, the feasibility of preparing a calcined laterite–phosphoric acid–Fe3O4-based geopolymer is investigated and its application for immobilizing radioactive borate liquid waste (RBLW) is explored. The addition of Fe3O4 enhances the compressive strength of the geopolymer and mitigates the retardation effects on the geopolymer caused by RBLW. Reactions between Fe3O4 and H3PO4 not only promote the geopolymerization process by generating heat and forming additional geopolymer gel, but also produce amorphous iron–phosphorus phases, contributing to higher compressive strength of the waste forms. Moreover, partial replacement of [AlO4] tetrahedra with [FeO6] octahedra creates stable –Fe–O–P–O–Al–O–Si– network structures. The geopolymer waste forms exhibit remarkable leaching resistance after Fe3O4 addition owing to the reduced open porosity, leading to radionuclide immobilization through physical encapsulation more efficiently. Furthermore, residual Fe3O4 may contribute to Co2+ immobilization through magnetic adsorption. Overall, the calcined laterite–phosphoric acid–Fe3O4-based geopolymer waste forms exhibit excellent performance in immobilizing RBLW, offering a new strategy for RBLW treatment.

Ozone degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride enhanced by magnetic nanofluid composed of Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were added into the aqueous phase to form nanofluid systems, in which ozone was used for the oxidation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) in the solution. The nanomaterials were characterized using SEM, XRD, EDS, and FT-IR. The effects of nanoparticles size, addition ratio, and number of cycles on the process of ozone oxidation of TC were investigated. The results indicated that the addition ratio of nanoparticles have a certain impact on the performance of ozone oxidation. When the addition ratio increased from 0.02% to 0.4%, the removal rate of TC in the solution was improved significantly. Besides, the particle size of nanoparticles showed a greater impact on ozone oxidation. At the nanoscale, Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited significant strengthening properties, which is attributed to the construction of nanofluid systems. The removal rate of TC in solution decreased obviously with the increase of nanoparticles size. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles with particle size of 20 nm showed the most significant effect on TC degradation. The recycling experiment showed that magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles had stable regeneration performance. For three times of recycling treatment, with a Fe3O4 addition ratio of 0.4%, the removal rate of TC reached 98.7%, 97.21%, and 96%, respectively. Based on the characterization results, the strengthening mechanism was analyzed. The experimental results indicated that construction of nanofluids systems could improve the utilization rate of ozone, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were reusable and easily recyclable.

Cementitious properties of coal-based metakaolin prepared from coal gangue via Fe3O4-Assisted microwave activation

Coal gangue is the largest emission of solid waste in the coal industry, and its large accumulation has posed serious hazards to environment. Low-quality coal gangue can be transformed into an auxiliary cementing material (coal-based metakaolin) with pozzolanic activity after calcination. However, the conventional calcination has slow heating rate, high energy consumption and serious pollution issues. Therefore, the fast and efficient calcination of coal gangue must be explored. In this study, coal series kaolinite (coal gangue with a kaolinite content of more than 80%) from Inner Mongolia was calcined by Fe3O4-assisted microwave calcination craft to prepare coal-based metakaolin (CBM). Results indicated that the efficiency of the microwave calcination of coal series kaolinite powder (CSKP) was considerably increased by adding analytical-grade Fe3O4 to CSKP. After substituting 30% of cement with CBM prepared by Fe3O4-assisted microwave calcination of CSKP to prepare cement–coal based metakaolin mortar (CCBMM), the mortar specimen made of CBM prepared at 675 °C showed the highest compressive strength (61.3 MPa) and activity index (112%). The analytical-grade Fe3O4 particles in CSKP will form spherical hematite microparticles (Fe2O3) with good dispersion after microwave calcination at appropriate temperatures (650 °C and 675 °C), which acted as microaggregates to optimize the pore structure of CCBMM, thereby enhancing the strength of CCBMM. The findings of this study confirmed that analytical-grade Fe3O4 addition not only increased the efficiency of preparing CBM by microwave calcination and reduced energy consumption, but also improved the cementitious performance of CBM.

4D printed and multi-stimulus responsive shape memory polymer nanocomposites developed on hydrogen bonding–metal-phenolic sacrificial network: Application for hazardous chemical operations soft robots

Designing 4D printed shape memory polymers (SMPs) with mechanical robust and multi-stimulus responses applied in soft robot holds vast promise. While significant progress has been made in this area, implementing SMP composites with multi-stimulus response capabilities for fused filament fabrication (FFF) 4D printing typically sacrifices the inherent mechanical properties of the materials, limiting the requirements for robust and tough applications of SMP in soft robotics. In this work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are employed as functional particles, and the "hydrogen bonding–metal-phenolic" sacrificial network in the nanoparticles and polymer is designed to achieve NIR light and magnetic stimulation response without sacrificing the maximum strength and toughness of the 4D printable SMP. The SMP nanocomposite developed from the sacrificial network has a tensile strength of 18.98 MPa and an elongation at break of 897 %, a 40 % increase in strength and 196 % increase in elongation at break compared to SMP nanocomposites with direct Fe3O4 addition. In addition, the shape-programmable soft robot with NIR light and magnetic stimulation response is developed based on 4D printing. The remote precision control and drugs release demonstrates the potential application of 4D printed soft robots in hazardous chemical operations.

The Effect of Fe3O4 Addition on the Density and Porosity of Cellulose Nanofiber Aerogel Extracted by Oil Palm Trunk

This study investigates the influence of Fe3O4 addition on cellulose nanofiber aerogels' density and porosity characteristics. The cellulose nanofiber aerogels were synthesized with varying concentrations of Fe3O4: 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%. The characterization of the cellulose nanofiber aerogels included physical tests to determine density and porosity and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis for functional group analysis. The results reveal a progressive increase in density from the lowest to the highest Fe3O4 concentrations: 0.115 g/cm3, 0.135 g/cm3, 0.162 g/cm3, 0.163 g/cm3, and 0.241 g/cm3 for Fe3O4 concentrations of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%, respectively. Similarly, the porosity of the cellulose nanofiber aerogels exhibited a trend of decreasing values from the lowest to the highest Fe3O4 concentrations: 90.808%, 89.499%, 88.064%, 87.764%, and82.844% for Fe3O4 concentrations of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%, respectively. Furthermore, FTIR analysis indicated that the structural integrity of the cellulose aerogels remained unchanged even after the incorporation of Fe3O4 . While no new functional groups emerged, a discernible shift in wave numbers suggests the formation of bonds between the polymer network and Fe3O4 . So, adding Fe3O4 to cellulose nanofiber aerogels led to notable alterations in density and porosity, while FTIR analysis confirmed the establishment of bonds between the polymer network and Fe3O4 without causing significant structural changes.

Effects of nano-TiO2/Fe3O4 addition on soil phosphorus fractions, microbial characteristics, and plant growth

Effects of nano-TiO2/Fe3O4 addition on soil phosphorus fractions, microbial characteristics, and plant growth

Soft magnetic ferrite for enhanced anaerobic digestion of food waste: Effects on methane production and magnetic recovery

Soft magnetic ferrite (SMF) is a potentially efficient anaerobic digestion (AD) additive that can be recovered simultaneously along with the microorganisms it carries. In this study, two typical SMFs (Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3) were compared in batch experiments to investigate their effects on food waste AD and to examine the recovery characteristics of both the SMFs and the microorganisms they carried after AD. The results showed that Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3 addition increased methane production by 31% and 68% respectively, compared with the control treatment. Both SMF materials and enriched microorganisms were effectively adsorbed post-AD using a magnet. The observed enhancement in biomethanization after SMF addition was likely due to enhanced syntrophic acetate oxidation and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, and direct interspecific electron transfer. γ-Fe2O3 outperformed Fe3O4 due to its high recycling rate and ability to promote Methanosarcina growth. This study provides a potential economically efficient solution for developing AD enhancement technologies.

Spongy magnetic hydroxyapatite for the enhanced Pb2+ removal and its dynamic sorption mechanism

Nano-magnetic hydroxyapatite (Fe3O4/nHAP) has superior properties for the removal of lead (Pb) from aqueous solutions. In this study, we synthesized several spongy Fe3O4/nHAP composite materials using the facile chemical co-precipitation method with the assist of ultrasound. Appropriate Fe3O4 addition increased the specific surface area of Fe3O4/nHAP with a porous structure, contributing to the more sorption sites exposure to lead ions (Pb2+) for fast kinetic and larger sorption capacity of 1500 mg g-1. The characteristic results manifest that complexation and dissolution-precipitation were the two main sorption mechanisms. Through the Pb/Ca molar ratio, solution pH, Pb fraction changes and the additional XRD results, the main sorption mechanisms turned from complexation to dissolution-precipitation and the adsorbed-Pb transformed from unstable Pb-complexes to stable Pb-phosphate during the removal process. Complexation effect dominated the Pb2+ removal in higher Pb2+ concentration solutions while dissolution-precipitation controlled in low Pb2+ concentration solutions. Pb5(PO4)3(OH) was the main product in the solutions of pH ranging from 2.76 to 5.25, and PbHPO4 precipitates was formed when the pH was lower than 2.76. Regeneration experiment and fraction analysis demonstrated the stability of Fe3O4/nHAP after Pb2+ sorption and desorption. Our findings provide a facile preparation method of Fe3O4/nHAP with their specific properties for the Pb2+ removal from aqueous solutions. Comprehensive mechanisms for the affinity of Pb2+ and Fe3O4/nHAP can propose strategies in the further removal or stabilization of heavy metals in practical environmental remediation.

Effects of Fe3O4 Addition on the Oxide Scale of a Steam Generator Tube in High-Temperature Water

Effects of Fe3O4 Addition on the Oxide Scale of a Steam Generator Tube in High-Temperature Water

Enhanced economic benefit of recycling Fe3O4 for promotion of volatile fatty acids production in anaerobic fermentation of food waste

Fe3O4 addition in anaerobic fermentation of food waste (FW) is promising for enhancing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production. However, the large amount of Fe3O4 in the digestate fertilizer leads to the waste of resources and possible toxicity to organisms. Thus, this study investigated the feasibility of Fe3O4 recycling for VFAs enhancement in anaerobic fermentation of FW and performed the cost-benefit evaluation of this process. Results revealed that Fe3O4 could be successfully recycled twice with recovery rates of 71.5% and 65.5%, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a slight change to the Fe2O3-like structure after 2-time recycling. The VFAs yields were enhanced by 17.2% and 17.0% in Cycles 1 and 2 owing to the enhanced activities of hydrolytic and acid-forming enzymes. The net income of the Fe3O4 recycling process was about 13-fold higher than that of the conventional treatment process, suggesting a promising and economically feasible strategy for enhancing VFAs production.

An amorphous zero-valent iron decorated by Fe3O4 significantly improves the Fenton-like reaction

Glassy zero-valent iron (GZVI) is one of the potential Fenton-like catalysts due to its amorphous nature and high energy state, but the catalytic activity still needs to be further enhanced, especially using low-cost technology suitable for industrialization. In this paper, Fe3O4 particles were embedded into the surface of Fe91.9Si5.3B2.8 amorphous powder through a conventional low-cost ball milling technique, which endowed Fe3O4/GZVI with improved catalytic activity. GZVI attained the best surface morphology and the highest catalytic efficiency (3 times as high as pure GZVI) at a 10 % Fe3O4 addition. The Fe3O4-decorated catalysts could decompose p-nitrophenol by 97.37 % within 15 min and exhibited good stability and reusability within seven cycles. The galvanic cell formed between Fe3O4 and GZVI because their large OCP gap was responsible for the improved catalytic activity, which promoted electron transfer and •OH generation. The faster electron mobility accelerated the oxidation of Fe2+ and Fe0 and the reduction of Fe3+ on the catalyst surface with the aid of H2O2, thus promoting the pollutant degradation process. The amount and distribution of Fe3O4 particles and the bonding state between Fe3O4 and GZVI markedly influence the degradation reaction and reusability. Fe3O4/GZVI is a promising heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst with low-cost and large-scale engineering application prospects.

Effects of ferroferric oxide on propionate methanogenesis in sequencing batch reactors: Microbial community structure and metagenomic analysis

This study investigated the effects of ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) on propionate methanogenesis in anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). Compared to ASBRC (without Fe3O4 addition), the addition of 10 g/L Fe3O4 (ASBRFe) decreased the maximum methane production rate by 69.6 % when propionate was used as the sole substrate. The addition of Fe3O4 reduced the contents of humic substances, riboflavin and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in extracellular polymeric substances. Therefore, Fe3O4 inhibited interspecies electron transfer of microorganisms through electronic mediators. Microbial community analysis revealed that Fe3O4 addition increased the relative abundance of acetate oxidizing bacterium (Mesotoga), but decreased the abundance of hydrogenotrophic methanogen (Methanobacterium). Further metagenomics analysis indicated that Fe3O4 increased the abundance of acetate oxidation genes and decreased that of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, quorum sensing and V/A-type ATPase genes. Thus, Fe3O4 reduced propionate methanogenesis during anaerobic digestion. The overall results indicate that Fe3O4 addition inhibits methanogenesis for treatment of propionate-contaminated wastewater in ASBR.

Insight into enhanced acetic acid production from food waste in anaerobic hydrolysis/acidification with Fe3O4 supplementation

Fe3O4 supplementation has been reported as a high-efficient approach to enhance biogas production in anaerobic digestion (AD). Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), especially acetic acid (HAc), are considered as important products in acidification process of AD. However, the possible mechanisms involved in promotion effect of Fe3O4 on HAc production in hydrolysis and acidification processes of AD have not been comprehensively studied. This study first investigated the promotion effect of Fe3O4 on hydrolysis, acidogenesis and acetogenesis stages of AD and proposed the underlying mechanisms, using food waste (FW) as the feedstock, which is considered as the most suitable substrate for VFAs production. Results indicated that the HAc production (77.38 g-C/kg-VS) was enhanced by 79 % in AD of FW with addition of 10 g/L Fe3O4. The duration to reach the maximum HAc production was also shortened from 14 days to 10 days. The AD tests using model substrates revealed that Fe3O4 enhanced hydrolysis, acidogenesis, and degradation of propionic acid, thus resulting in enhanced HAc production. The enhanced activities of hydrolytic and acid-forming enzymes, and electron transport system (ETS) with Fe3O4 addition further demonstrated its function as an electron acceptor to stimulate electron transfer and accelerate microbial metabolisms in AD, which contributed to the enhanced HAc production from FW.

Photosynthetic bacteria with iron oxide nanoparticles as catalyst for cooking oil removal and valuable products recovery with heavy metal co-contamination

Waste cooking oil discharge causes environmental pollution in receiving waters, particularly when associated with heavy metals that can lead to formation of hazardous organometallic compounds. This study combined iron oxide nanomaterial and the anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas faecalis PA2 for removal of cooking oil in the presence of heavy metals. R. faecalis PA2, with known capability to generate beneficial substances from several wastes, was capable of cooking oil removal with production of valuable products. Oil removal, biomass, protein, and carotenoid production were 82.38%, 1.48 g/L, 1,600.19 mg/L, and 1,046.33 mg/L, respectively, under optimal conditions (cooking oil as carbon source and 30% inoculum density). Iron (Fe) stimulates growth of R. faecalis; in this study, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and used as a catalyst to facilitate interaction and high reactivity between Fe and R. faecalis PA2. Size measurement by transmission electron microscopy (17.44 nm), X-ray diffraction peaks, and magnetic susceptibility confirmed that the synthesized nanoparticles were magnetite Fe3O4. Biomass, protein, and carotenoid production of the Fe3O4 supplemented experiment increased by 61.56%, 70.78%, and 57.2%, respectively, when compared with the control. When different concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Co, and Zn) were supplemented in the media containing cooking oil, Fe3O4 addition increased heavy metal tolerance, improved bacterial growth, and enhanced valuable products when compared with the non-supplemented group. This study reports the positive impact of nanoparticle application as a catalyst for valorization of cooking oil waste with heavy metal co-contamination by the photosynthetic bacterium R. faecalis PA2.

Investigation on the effect of different additives on anaerobic co-digestion of corn straw and sewage sludge: Comparison of biochar, Fe3O4, and magnetic biochar

The co-digestion of corn straw and sewage sludge with different additives (biochar, magnetic biochar, Fe3O4) were investigated. The highest cumulative methane yield of 245.15 mL/g VSadded was obtained with the Fe3O4 addition ratio of 5 g/kg, which was 60.47% higher than that of the control run (without additives). The lag phase time was shortened from 5.46 to 3.82 days with a biochar dosage of 5 g/kg. The performance of Fe3O4 on methane production from the co-digestion process was better than that of the biochar and magnetic biochar. The direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) was enhanced with regard to the increased concentration of acetic acid and decreased concentration of propionic acid. Microbial community analysis showed that the Geobacter and Methanosarcina were selectively enriched on the surface of Fe3O4, promoting the DIET and acetoclastic methanogenesis pathway. The cost-benefit analysis proved that the strategy of recycling Fe3O4 additive has the best economic benefit.

Enhancement of magnetic film with light penetration by immobilization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in a spherical bamboo nanocellulose network

The magnetic properties of the magnetic transparent composite films largely depend on the content of Fe3O4 employed. However, higher addition of Fe3O4 into the matrix will lead to Fe3O4 nanoparticles agglomeration resulting in the reduction in the transparency of the composite films. The contradiction between Fe3O4 nanoparticle content and transparency limits the application of transparent magnetic films. In this work, the spherical bamboo nanocellulose (SBN) with an average size of 61 nm was prepared from bamboo powder by NaOH/Urea/Thiourea aqueous system, which was an effective, inexpensive and less toxic strategy. The basic structure of SBN was investigated. The SBN exhibited the cellulose II type crystal structure. The molecular chain length of SBN were lower than before dissolution. The magnetic SBN/Fe3O4 composite films with light penetration were prepared. The results revealed that the dispersion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the SBN/Fe3O4 composite films was much better than that in nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)/Fe3O4 composite films because of the abundant hydrogen bonds between Fe3O4 nanoparticles and SBN. The transparent results indicated the highest transmittance of the films was 94% in the wavelength range of visible light, which was almost 23.7% higher than that of NFC/Fe3O4 composite films with the same amount of Fe3O4 addition (15 wt%). The findings in this study also revealed that the SBN in the SBN/Fe3O4 composite films was distributed in layers. The saturation magnetization of the SBN/Fe3O4 composite films was 10.65 emu g−1 with 15 wt% Fe3O4 incorporated, which guaranteed the excellent magnetic properties.

The Effect of Addition of F3O4 and Sintering Temperature on Properties of the Magnetite/Hydroxyapatite Particles Produced through the Coprecipitation Technique

Nowadays, the composite of magnetite/hydroxyapatite has become one of the main topics in biomedical field especially as drug delivery system. In this paper, the effect of sintering temperature and Fe3O4 addition on the properties of coprecipitation produced by magnetite/hydroxyapatite composite is investigated. The magnetite was first dispersed into 100 mL aquadest and mixed with 33.7 mmol Ca(NO3)2.4H2O while stiring for 15 minutes. Subsequently, the mixture was reacted with 20 mmol (NH4)2HPO4 for 120 minutes at 90ºC. The mixture pH of 11 during process was controlled by adding NH4OH 25%. The mixture was left to stand for 1 day, washed and then the precipitate was separated from the mixture. The precipitate was dried at 90ºC for 1 day and it ended with sintering for 2 hours. The composite powder was characterized by field emission scanning election microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The result showed that increase in the amount of of Fe3O4 in the composite, it produced the larger crystalline Fe3O4 size of 15.59 nm, a decrease in crystallinity to 14.22%, and a higher saturation magnetization was 17.2 emu/g. The higher sintering temperature causes an increase in the size of a hydroxyapatite crystal to 22.94 nm, an increase in crystallinity to 22.55%, and a lower saturation magnetization was 4.0 emu/g.

Ferroferric oxide promotes metabolism in Anaerolineae other than microbial syntrophy in anaerobic methanogenesis of antibiotic fermentation residue

Antibiotic fermentation residue (AFR) is a kind of protein-rich biosolids that would be utilized as valuable substrates for biogas production. However, the effectiveness of conductive material supplementation and its effect on the microbiome in anaerobic digestion of AFR have not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study is to access the impact of Fe3O4 addition on anaerobic digestion of AFR and reveal its microbial mechanism. By adding Fe3O4 at concentration of 150 mg/gTS to two typical AFRs, the methane yield was decreased while the methane production rate was significantly enhanced by 48% and 21%, respectively. Genomic analyses revealed that the Fe3O4 addition altered the microbial community by selecting the unknown genus of Anaerolineae with the metabolic capacity of carbohydrate hydrolysis and proteolysis. Meanwhile, the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was the dominant pathway in the AFR digestion system, which was mostly contributed by the Methanoculleus and Methanolinea. More interestingly, Methanoculleus might possess fermentative capability involved in the versatile hydrolysis pathway. Although the genes related to electrically conductive pili were detected, the induction of direct interspecies electron transfer by Fe3O4 supplementation was not confirmed in this study. In summary, except the accelerated methane production rate, Fe3O4 addition functioned as biostimulator for Anaerolineae other than electron conduit in anaerobic methanogenesis in the AFR digestion system.

Platinum Recovery from Hydrometallurgical Residue of Waste Automotive Catalysts Processing by High-Temperature Smelting Process

The hydrometallurgical residue generated during the hydrometallurgical processing of waste automotive catalysts is valuable as a secondary resource. In this study, a process of platinum recovery from the hydrometallurgical residue by high-temperature smelting process was proposed. Results of lab- and pilot-scale experiments show a high recovery of more than 98% of platinum and glass slag was successfully obtained by controlling the Fe3O4 addition, C/Fe3O4 mass ratio, CaO/SiO2 mass ratio, smelting temperature, and holding time at 15 wt%, 0.4, 0.6, 1500 °C, and 120 or 60 min, respectively. Results from the pilot-scale show that the platinum contents in the glass slag and alloys were less than 4 g/t and more than 0.6 wt%, respectively. Therefore, the process proposed in this study is a prospective and effective approach for reutilization of hydrometallurgical residue containing platinum.