Fe3O4 Nanocomposites Research Articles

Enhanced gas-sensing performance at room temperature and electrical properties of polyaniline–Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 nanocomposites

In this work, polyaniline–nickel–zinc–ferrite nanocomposites were synthesized by the in situ polymerization method by varying the concentrations of Ni0.6Z0.4Fe2O4 nanoparticles in the polyaniline matrix (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt%). The synthesized nanocomposites were subjected to structural characterizations viz., X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy techniques. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectral studies reveal the presence of characteristic bands of both polyaniline and Ni0.6Z0.4Fe2O4 nanoparticles and the formation of their composites is confirmed with the interfacial interaction of Ni0.6Z0.4Fe2O4 nanoparticles in the polyaniline systems. The field-emission scanning electron microscopy images of polyaniline–Ni0.6Z0.4Fe2O4 nanocomposites show a symmetric morphological variation of Ni0.6Z0.4Fe2O4 nanoparticles compared to polyaniline. The electrical properties of the prepared samples were studied in the frequency range of 100 Hz–5 MHz at room temperature. The gas-sensing performance of the nanocomposites was studied at room temperature for butane gas. The polyaniline–10 wt% Ni0.6Z0.4Fe2O4 nanocomposite shows maximum sensing response (109%) at room temperature for 5000 ppm of butane gas with a good response of 28 s and recovery time of 31 s. The stability of the prepared sample was tested for 60 days.

Alginate doped graphene oxide – TiO2 – Fe3O4 nanocomposite: preparation, characterization, and application of sonophotocatalyst for efficient decomposition of an organic dye

ABSTRACT In this research, the alginate doped graphene oxide (GO)-Fe3O4-TiO2 photomagnetic nanocomposite was synthesised through a three-step method. For comparison, alginate-GO was also prepared. The synthesised materials were characterised through FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM, EDX, and TEM techniques. The photomagnetic properties of the resultant nanocomposite were evaluated by VSM. Degradation of Malachite green as a dye pollutant was studied in the presence of alginate (Alg), Alg-GO, and Alg-GO-Fe3O4-TiO2 nanocomposite using a sonophotocatalysis technique. The results showed, that, Alg-GO-Fe3O4-TiO2 nanocomposite has high efficiency in the removal of Malachite green. Recycling experiments displayed that the degradation efficiency dropped only by 12%, after five successive runs. and makes it a promising catalyst for efficient degradation of dye pollutants in the practical applications.

SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites for the photodegradation of the Congo red dye

Synthesis of SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites was conducted. The purpose of this study was to obtain the SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites, the effectiveness of photodegradation Congo red by SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites and determine the kinetics of photodegradation. The XRD analysis showed that the SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposite best mass ratio was 1:1 based on the highest intensity of characteristic angle (2θ), which is 26.54° and had the smallest crystal size, which is 9.662 nm. Based on the UV-Vis DRS result, the SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites bandgap value was 2.3 eV. The magnetization saturation value of SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites was 64.96 emu/g. The morphology of SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites showed by the TEM image, where the dark spots spread in the lighter areas. The surface of SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites characterized by SEM with the result was bumpy surface and many pores. The EDS result of SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites confirmed the presence of Fe, Sn, and O elements. The functional group of SnO2–Fe3O4 nanocomposites showed by FTIR data, the stretch band of Sn–O characteristics showed at wavenumber 590 cm−1, and the stretch band of Fe–O showed at wavenumber 563 cm−1. The optimum condition of nanocomposites at a contact time of 90 min and the optimum concentration of 18 mg/L showed that the percent of photodegradation was 50.76%. The photodegradation rate of SnO2–Fe3O4 was fitted to Pseudo-second-order.

Facile Synthesis of Polyindole/Ni1-x Zn x Fe2O4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) Nanocomposites and Their Enhanced Microwave Absorption and Shielding Properties.

The present work reports the fabrication of polyindole (PIN)/Ni1–xZnxFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) nanocomposites as efficient electromagnetic wave absorbers by a facile in situ emulsion polymerization method for the first time. The samples were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The resulting polyindole/Ni1–xZnxFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) nanocomposites offer better synergism among the Ni1–xZnxFe2O4 nanoparticles and PIN matrix, which significantly improved impedance matching. The best impedance matching of Ni1–xZnxFe2O4/polyindole (x = 0, 0.5, 1) nanocomposites was sought out, and the minimum reflection loss of the composites can reach up to −33 dB. The magnetic behavior, complex permittivity, permeability, and microwave absorption properties of polyindole/Ni1–xZnxFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) nanocomposites have also been studied. The microwave absorbing characteristics of these composites were investigated in the 8–12 GHz range (X band) and explained based on eddy current, natural and exchange resonance, and dielectric relaxation processes. These results provided a new idea to upgrade the performance of conventional microwave-absorbing materials based on polyindole in the future.

First-Principles Investigation of Graphene and Fe2O3 Catalytic Activity for Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate.

The employment of catalysts is an effective way to improve ammonium perchlorate (AP) decomposition performance during the combustion of composite solid propellants. Understanding the micromechanism of catalysts at the atomic level, which is hard to be observed by experiments, can help attain more excellent decomposition properties of AP. In this study, first-principles simulations based on density functional theory were used to explore the effect of the graphene catalyst and iron oxide (Fe2O3) catalyst on AP decomposition. Considering the transfer of a H atom during AP decomposition, the most stable adsorption sites for aforementioned catalysts were found: the top of the C atom of the graphene surface with the adsorption energy of -0.378 eV and the top of the Fe atom of the Fe2O3 surface with the adsorption energy of -1.596 eV. On the basis of adsorption results, our transition state calculations indicate that, in comparison to control groups, graphene and Fe2O3 can reduce the activation energy barrier by ∼19 and ∼37%, respectively, to promote AP decomposition with a transfer process of a H atom on the catalyst surface. Our calculations provide a way for explaining the micromechanism of the catalytic activity of graphene and Fe2O3 nanocomposites in AP decomposition and guide experimental applications of graphene and Fe2O3 for catalytic reactions.

Clay-Iron Nanocomposite for the Removal of Sulfur as Toxic Pollutant from Fuel by Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization

The current environmental pollution has great impact on climate change and the present study was aimed at removal of sulfur as a pollutant for environment on combustion of kerosene fuel using clay, namely attapulgite and magnetic iron (ATP)-Fe3O4 nanocomposite. To lower the toxic sulfur and to enhance the property of reduced sulfur fuel specifically the electrical conductivity (EC) was also improved by the addition of quality improver additives. The (ATP)-Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesized by co-precipitation method and the structure, and morphology were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The average size of Fe-NPs which helps in the oxidative desulfurization was found to be <100 nm, and the toxic sulfur content in fuel was reduced up to 71% from its original using 05mg/mL of nanocomposite at 150°C for 30 min along with CH3COOH and H2O2 proceed with water washing. The EC of the oxidative desulfurized (ODS) fuel was enhanced by the addition of (0.5, 0.7 and 1.0ppm) STADIS 450 additive as compared to MEROX kerosene fuel (untreated). The ODS kerosene showed greater stability of EC over MEROX kerosene.

Structural, optical, and antibacterial characteristics of mixed metal oxide CdO–NiO–Fe2O3 nanocomposites prepared using a self-combustion method at different polyvinyl alcohol concentrations

Structural, optical, and antibacterial characteristics of mixed metal oxide CdO–NiO–Fe2O3 nanocomposites prepared using a self-combustion method at different polyvinyl alcohol concentrations

Biocompatibility study of P (N-isopropylacrylamide)-based nanocomposite and its cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells as a drug delivery system for Cisplatin

Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used as an effective drug in the treatment of various cancers. In spite of its therapeutic effects, there are disadvantages in using CDDP, including causing toxicity in healthy cells, also tumor cells become resistant in prolonged use. The use of magnetic nanogels (nanocomposite), as a drug delivery system, can be a potential strategy to overcome these disadvantages. In this study, the biocompatibility (hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility) of the magnetic, pH, and thermo-responsive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-4-acrylamidofluorescein)-Fe3O4 nanocomposite was assessed in normal cells. Moreover, we evaluated the cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and drug-resistant genes expression of CDDP-loaded nanocomposite against free CDDP in the cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cells) to investigate its potentials as a vector for drug delivery. The results exhibited that the prepared nanocomposite had an appropriate hemocompatibility. Also, the nanocomposite displayed a good cytocompatibility using LDH test. In addition, the MTT assay of the blank nanocomposite, free CDDP, and CDDP-loaded nanocomposite in the HeLa cells indicated that the blank nanocomposite, had no cytotoxic effects on the cells. However, the Free CDDP and CDDP-loaded nanocomposites demonstrated considerable amount of cytotoxicity effect on the HeLa cells (p < 0.05). The results from the Real Time PCR illustrated that the CDDP-loaded nanocomposite could increase the expression of apoptosis genes and reduce the expression of drug resistance genes in the cancer cells. Our data suggested that the synthetized nanocomposite could be used as an effective and biocompatible drug delivery system for smart delivery and intravenous administration of CDDP. Literature mining-based network discovery proposed candidates for tumor sensitivity/resistance to Cisplatin, viz NR4A1, NR1I2, TP73, and TP53 transcription factors as well as EDN1, CD40LG, INS, and TNFSF11 secreted ligands.

Development of 4-aminophenol sensor probe based on Co(0.8-x)ZrxNa0.2Fe2O4 nanocomposites for monitoring environmental toxins

Development of 4-aminophenol sensor probe based on Co(0.8-x)ZrxNa0.2Fe2O4 nanocomposites for monitoring environmental toxins

2D structured graphene nanosheets decorated by monodispersed superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for differentiation of mouse cells

In the present study, the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) decorated by monodispersed superparamagnetic Fe3O4 (RGO-IO) nanocomposite was prepared and confirmed with various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The elemental spectral mapping depicts the composition of carbon, oxygen and iron in confirmed the successful formulation and homogenous distribution. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of nanocomposite confirms the existence of elements such as C, O and Fe. The Raman spectroscopy analysis showed the characteristic peak for RGO i.e. D-band and G-band and A1 g phonon and Eg phonon peaks for IO is indicating the formation of RGO-IO. Moreover, the HR-TEM microscopic analysis evidently revealed the 2D structured RGO nanosheets are well decorated by a large quantity of IO nanoparticles. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of nanocomposite showed less toxicity and increased the cellular growth of mouse C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells at higher concentration. The treatment of nanocomposite increases the ROS generation due to the excellent electrochemical performance and induces the formation of myotubes and mature adipocytes. The nanocomposite upregulates the expression of molecular marker proteins responsible for the myogenesis and adipogenesis was confirmed. Together, the synthesized RGO-IO nanocomposites provide surplus support for the use of nanomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Antimicrobial synergism and antibiofilm activity of amoxicillin loaded citric acid-magnesium ferrite nanocomposite: Effect of UV-illumination, and membrane leakage reaction mechanism

Magnesium ferrite nanoparticles (Mg Fe2O4 NPs) was synthesized by a chemical co-precipitation method and characterized via structural and optical properties. The surface of Mg Fe2O4 NPs was stabilized with citric acid (CA) by a direct addition method (CA-Mg Fe2O4 NPs), then Amoxicillin (AX) was loaded with CA-Mg Fe2O4 nanocomposites. Furthermore, their antimicrobial, and antibiofilm activities, growth curve, and effect of UV-illumination methods were examined against different pathogenic microbes. Based on XRD, HRTEM and SEM analyses, it is found that Mg Fe2O4 NPs are located at the core, while the CA and AX are coated this core. In-vitro zone of inhibition (ZOI) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results verified that AX-loaded CA-Mg Fe2O4 nanocomposites exhibited its encouraged antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans (32.2, 22.0, and 19.0 mm ZOI, respectively) & (0.312, 0.625, and 1.25 μg/ml MIC, respectively). AX-CA-Mg Fe2O4 nanocomposites are showed antibiofilm percentage against S. aureus (95.34%), E. coli (93.93%), and C. albicans (76.23%). AX-CA-MgFe2O4 nanocomposites are an excellent disinfectant agents once they are excited by UV light. Membrane leakage assay explains the formation of holes on the surface of bacteria, and confirms SEM reaction mechanism. AX-loaded CA-Mg Fe2O4 NPs are promising for potential applications in biomedical uses.

Natural Protein‐Based Biocomposites with Superior Paramagnetism and Microwave Absorbing Properties by Incorporating Nanosized Fe2O3

AbstractSoy protein is one kind of environment‐friendly nonbioactive plant protein with excellent properties. Paramagnetic γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a mean particle size of 7 nm are prepared by submerged circulative impinging stream reactor (SCISR). And a series of soy protein isolate (SPI)/Fe2O3 nanocomposites with excellent magnetic performance have been successfully prepared with glycerol as plasticizer and γ‐Fe2O3 as fillers. The results show that the strong hydrogen bonds are formed between polar amino acids of SPI and the fillers. The Fe2O3 nanoparticles exhibit homogeneous dispersion in the protein matrix. The resulting SPI/Fe2O3 nanocomposites exhibit good paramagnetism and good microwave absorbing properties at 2–18 GHz. In addition, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of soy protein materials are improved with the addition of Fe2O3 nanocomposites. The interactions between the fillers and matrix as well as between the fillers would influence the reinforcing effect of Fe2O3. These natural resources based on green functional materials would exhibit wide potential applications in electromagnetic interference shielding and packaging areas.

Simultaneous removal of heavy metals and dyes in water using a MgO-coated Fe3O4 nanocomposite: Role of micro-mixing effect induced by bubble generation

This study focused on the development of a nano-adsorbent for contaminant removal without the use of any external energy. An eco-friendly Fe3O4@MgO core-shell nanocomposite was synthesized and tested for the removal of a heavy metal, lead (Pb2+) and a dye, rhodamine B (RhB). The addition of H2O2 into the system enabled the self-mixing of the aqueous solution containing Fe3O4@MgO through the generation of bubbles. This system showed an excellent removal efficiency of 99% in just 15 min for Pb2+ and 120 min for RhB, which is far better than the control experiment (without H2O2). The cation exchange mechanism dominated in the removal of heavy metals, while the adsorptive removal of dye proceeded through the H-bonding between Mg(OH)2 and dye molecules. The removal efficiency increased exponentially with the increase of H2O2 at the optimal concentration of 5% and it was effective over a wide pH range. Moreover, the performance of the Fe3O4@MgO–H2O2 system was verified for other heavy metals such as Cd, Ni, Zn, Co, and Cu, demonstrating that the Fe3O4@MgO–H2O2 system can be widely implemented in the treatment of real water matrices contaminated with heavy metals and organic dyes.

Effect of chitosan-incorporated Fe3O4 nanocomposites on the photocatalytic removal of organic molecules

Effect of chitosan-incorporated Fe3O4 nanocomposites on the photocatalytic removal of organic molecules

An electrochemical sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with optimized Cu–Fe3O4 nanocomposite for 4-nitrophenol detection

An electrochemical sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with optimized Cu–Fe3O4 nanocomposite for 4-nitrophenol detection

Incorporation of Magnetite in Toughened PLA Nanocomposite: Tensile and Thermal Stability

In this study, liquid natural rubber (LNR) toughened polylactic acid (PLA) incorporated with magnetite (Fe3O4) nanocomposites were fabricated via melt-compounding in an internal mixer and followed by hot/cold pressing. The effects of ultrasonic treatment time (1-3 hours) and Fe3O4 (0.5-4.0 wt%) nanoparticles loading on tensile, morphology and thermal stability were investigated. Based on tensile testing results, the ultrasonication time of 1 hour was served as the most suitable treatment period to achieve the optimum distribution of Fe3O4 within PLA/LNR matrix. Among the investigated nanoparticles loading, 1 wt% Fe3O4 nanocomposite presented the highest tensile strength of 23.7 MPa, Young’s modulus of 1293.5 MPa and strain at break of 2.8%. SEM micrographs showed that the over-treated nanocomposites with 2-3 hours and over-high nanoparticles loading had resulted in the formation of clusters in the matrix. With increasing Fe3O4 loading, the decomposition of PLA/LNR nanocomposites was initiated earlier.

Electrochemical Performance of Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated with Fe3O4 and MnO2 Nanocomposites via Co-precipitation Method

Electrochemical Performance of Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated with Fe3O4 and MnO2 Nanocomposites via Co-precipitation Method

Synthesis of amorphous carbon functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a smart nanosorbent for organic dyes removal

Illustration of process for synthesis of carbon coated Fe3O4 (CCF) nanocomposites and their application as nanosorbents with recoverability and regenerability for the sorption of organic dyes.

A green synthesis of Fe3O4 nanocomposites loaded castor seed shell carbon for lead(II) removal from water: equilibrium and kinetic studies

A green synthesis of Fe3O4 nanocomposites loaded castor seed shell carbon for lead(II) removal from water: equilibrium and kinetic studies

Smart-Polypeptide-Coated Mesoporous Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Non-Interventional Target-Embolization/Thermal Ablation and Multimodal Imaging Combination Theranostics for Solid Tumors

Tumor theranostics hold great potential for personalized medicine in the future, and transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is an important clinical treatment for unresectable or hypervascular tumors. In order to break the limitation, simplify the procedure of TAE, and achieve ideal combinatorial theranostic capability, here, a kind of triblock-polypeptide-coated perfluoropentane-loaded mesoporous Fe3O4 nanocomposites (PFP-m-Fe3O4@PGTTCs) were prepared for non-interventional target-embolization, magnetic hyperthermia, and multimodal imaging combination theranostics of solid tumors. The results of systematic animal experiments by H22-tumor-bearing mice and VX2-tumor-bearing rabbits in vivo indicated that PFP-m-Fe3O4@PGTTC-6.3 has specific tumor accumulation and embolization effects. The tumors' growth has been inhibited and the tumors disappeared 4 weeks and ≤15 days post-injection with embolization and magnetic hyperthermia combination therapy, respectively. The results also showed an excellent effect of magnetic resonance/ultrasound/SPECT multimodal imaging. This pH-responsive non-interventional embolization combinatorial theranostics system provides a novel embolization and multifunctional theranostic candidate for solid tumors.