Fe Doping Concentration Research Articles

Visible-light-response Fe-doped BiOCl microspheres with efficient photocatalysis-Fenton degradation of antibiotics

The combination of photocatalysis and Fenton reaction has been considered as a promising technology for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater. In this study, the Fe-doped BiOCl was synthesized by solvothermal method for photocatalysis-Fenton degradation of levofloxacin (LEV). Fe/BiOCl exhibited a flower-like microsphere structure with the lattice doping of Fe3+ in BiOCl. Under the synergistic of visible light irradiation and H2O2, the excellent degradation performance of Fe/BiOCl towards LEV was achieved (97.8 %) after 100-min reaction at Fe-doping content of 5 % and H2O2 addition of 3 mM. The Fe deposition extended the light absorption range and reduced the recombination of photogenerated carriers. The photogenerated electrons could accelerate the cycling of Fe2+/Fe3+, and improve the utilization efficiency of H2O2. The hydroxyl radical (OH), superoxide radical (O2−) and holes (h+) played crucial roles during the photocatalysis-Fenton degradation of LEV. The present study provided valuable insights into the development of photocatalysis-Fenton synergy system for the effective decontamination of antibiotic wastewater.

Superior photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals and antimicrobial Features of iron-doped zinc oxide sub-microparticles synthesized via laser-assisted chemical bath technique

Addressing the dual challenges of antimicrobial resistance and pharmaceutical contamination in wastewater is crucial for global health and environmental preservation. Predictions estimate up to 10 million annual deaths by 2050 due to antimicrobial resistance, underscoring the urgent need for innovative solutions. This study explores the potential of zinc oxide Sub-Microparticles (ZnO SMPs) doped with iron (Fe) to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical compounds in water and improve antimicrobial efficacy. A green laser-assisted chemical bath synthesis method created ZnO SMPs with varying Fe dopant concentrations (1 %, 1.5 %, and 3 %). The synthesized Sub-Microparticles underwent rigorous structural analysis using X-ray diffractometry, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and UV–visible spectrophotometry techniques. Their photocatalytic performance was evaluated in the degradation of paracetamol under blue laser light, and their antimicrobial properties were assessed following CLSI guidelines. Structural analyses confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO SMPs, with noticeable changes due to Fe doping, including a transition from sub-microrods to sub-microsheets and a redshift in the optical band gap. Photocatalytic tests revealed a significant enhancement in paracetamol degradation efficiency, increasing from 53.41 % with pure ZnO to 98.99 % with 3 % Fe-doped ZnO in 50 min. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated an increased inhibitory effect against pathogens, with Fe-doped ZnO outperforming control discs. This study substantiates the potential of Fe-doped ZnO SMPs in wastewater treatment and antimicrobial applications, showcasing significant improvements in photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical compounds and antimicrobial efficacy. The findings underscore the importance of continuing research in this domain for environmental and public health benefits.

Interlinking the Fe doping concentration, optoelectronic properties, and photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanostructures

Doping is one of the effective strategies to modulate the optoelectronic properties and photocatalytic activity of photocatalysts. In this study, the effect of Fe doping (0–10 %) on morphology, optical and electronic properties, and photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures is studied. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that >5 % Fe doping, ZnFe2O4 is segregated as a secondary phase. The crystalline size decreases from 50.8 nm to 21.4 nm and the micro-strain increases with increasing the Fe concentration. The Fe doping-induced electronic restructuring facilitates visible light absorption through the O 2p → Fe 3d transition and the suppression of charge recombination by efficiently trapping conduction band electrons. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to unravel the underlying electronic changes induced by Fe doping in ZnO. The formation of shallow donor levels below the conduction band originates from the Fe 3d state. Photoluminescence spectra of pristine and Fe-doped ZnO nanostructures show characteristic emission peaks at approximately 384 nm and 570 nm, indicating the recombination of free excitons and oxygen interstitial defects, respectively. The results of the photocatalytic activity tests confirm that the 1 % Fe-doped ZnO nanostructures can exhibit the highest efficiency compared to the heavily doped ZnO nanostructures. The high efficiency in photocatalytic activity of 1 % Fe-doped ZnO nanostructures is ascribed to the modulated electronic structure and defect density. The adsorption affinity of methylene blue and water molecules to the surfaces of pristine and Fe-doped ZnO is simulated using the Monte-Carlo method. This study emphasizes the importance of controlling the dopant concentration to enhance the photocatalytic activity of various photocatalysts.

Enhanced solar light-driven photocatalysis of norfloxacin using Fe-doped TiO2: RSM optimization, DFT simulations, and toxicity study.

This study investigates the photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin (NFX) utilizing Fe-doped TiO2 nanocomposite under natural sunlight. TiO2-based photocatalysts were synthesized using chemical precipitation varying Fe-dopant concentration and characterized in detail. Theoretical modelling, centred on density functional theory (DFT), elucidated that Fe ions within the TiO2 lattice are effectively confined, thereby narrowing the wide band gap of TiO2. The findings strongly support that Fe3+ ions augmented the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 by facilitating an intermediate interfacial route for electron and hole transfer, particularly up to an optimal dopant concentration of 1.5M%. Subsequently, a three-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) was developed to determine the initial pH, optimal catalyst concentration, and drug dosage. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was employed to identify reaction intermediates, thereby establishing a potential degradation pathway. Notably, sustained recyclability was achieved, with 82% degradation efficiency maintained over five cycles. Additionally, the toxicity of degradation intermediates was evaluated through bacterial and phytotoxicity tests, affirming the environmental safety of treated water. In vitro toxicity of the nanomaterial was also examined, emphasizing its environmental implications. Scavenger experiments revealed that hole and hydroxyl radicals were the primary active species in Fe-TiO2-based photocatalysis. Furthermore, the antibacterial potential of the synthesized catalyst was assessed using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to observe their respective antibacterial responses.

Tuning infrared emissivity of GdCoO3 thin films through Fe doping: Fabrication and mechanism

Using polymer-assisted deposition technology, GdCo1-xFexO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) porous films with high infrared emissivity at high temperatures were prepared on Si (100) substrates. The composition and calcination temperature of the precursor are determined by TG-DSC. The structure and composition of the films are investigated using Grazing Incidence X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The surface morphology and elemental composition of the films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The average infrared emissivity of GdCo1-xFexO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) films at different temperatures (100–500 °C) in the range of 8–14 μm has been tested by an infrared emissivity meter. The results show that the GdCoO3 film with Fe doping concentration of 10 % exhibits the highest infrared emissivity of 0.89 at 500 °C. Possible mechanisms for the high infrared emissivity of the films at high temperatures are discussed.

Unveiling the impact of Fe-doping concentration on the local structure and morphological evolution of Cr2O3 nanoparticles

A series of Cr2−xFexO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using a sol-gel-based method. Analysis through XRD and SAED of both pure and Fe-doped Cr2O3 nanoparticles revealed a rhombohedral structure belonging to the R3‾cD3d6 space group, without the formation of secondary phases or Fe clusters. Fe ions were well integrated, as indicated by fluctuations in lattice parameters, and lattice strain. The crystallite size decreased from 38.42 to 27.54 nm with increasing doping concentration. HRTEM images depicted evenly distributed nanoparticles. At lower dopant concentrations (x = 0.1), smaller and more heterogeneous nanorod-like structures emerged, with average sizes and lengths of 36.56 and 39 nm, respectively. Increasing the doping content to x = 0.2 resulted in a morphological shift towards semi-spherical and ellipsoidal shapes, with average dimensions of 22.84 and 31 nm, respectively. At higher doping levels (x = 0.3), nanoparticles grew to 66.5 nm in size and exhibited a spherical morphology. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectra showed red-shifting of absorption bands with increasing Fe content, attributed to variations in bond length and Cr/Fe–O–Cr/Fe structural perturbation. XPS and Mössbauer spectroscopy analyses confirmed the oxidation states of Fe3+ and ionized oxygen vacancies in the crystal lattice of Cr2O3 nanoparticles. Higher values of quadrupolar splitting Δ indicated greater structural disorder induced by Fe3+ in octahedral positions and in an oxygen-deficient environment. Atomistic simulations confirmed that Fe3+ dopants can induce the presence of vacancy-complexes, forming a stable double-defect configuration with vacant Cr sites along the c-axis, proximal to oxygen vacancies with a single positive charge. These findings offer both experimental and theoretical insights into the dynamics of structural defects in trivalent transition metal doping of Cr2O3 nanoparticles, which holds significant implications for spintronics research.

Synthesis of porous TiO2 and Fe-doped TiO2 films for photocatalysis by a cooling enhanced plasma electrolytic oxidation approach

Porous TiO2 films are widely used in photocatalysis for pollutant remediation and synthetic chemistry applications, and the homogeneity and stability of the films are important parameters. Here, we show that porous TiO2 and Fe-doped TiO2 (Fe-TiO2) films on Ti foils with homogeneous structure and well-controlled doping can be synthesized by a cooling enhanced plasma electrolytic oxidation (CPEO) method. The anatase content within pristine TiO2 films and the concentration of Fe dopant in Fe-TiO2 films can be manipulated by simply adjusting the synthetic parameters, leading to an optimum photocatalytic performance under both UV and visible light irradiation for the decomposition of methylene blue.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B Dye by Iron-Doped Europium Oxide Nanoparticles.

As a wide-bandgap rare-earth oxide, Eu2O3 was often utilized as an auxiliary material of other photocatalysts because its photocatalytic performance was limited by the luminescence characteristics of Eu3+ and low light utilization. In this study, we improved the photocatalytic degradation performance of the Eu2O3 nanoparticles by doping with Fe cations. The Eu2O3 nanoparticles with different Fe-doping concentrations (1, 3, and 5%, noted as EF1.0, EF3.0, and EF5.0, respectively) were synthesized via chemical precipitation and calcination methods. It was found that doping could reduce Eu2O3's bandgap, which probably originated from the introduction of oxygen vacancies with lower energy levels than the conduction band of Eu2O3. Compared with the undoped Eu2O3 nanoparticles with a removal efficiency of 22% for degrading rhodamine B dye within 60 min, the photocatalytic degradation efficiencies of EF1.0, EF3.0, and EF5.0 were demonstrated to be improved to 42, 48, and 33%, respectively, and EF3.0's performance was the best. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of the doped samples was related to the oxygen vacancies acting as capture centers for electrons, such that the photogenerated electron-hole pairs were efficiently separated and the redox reactions on the surface of the nanoparticles were enhanced accordingly. Additionally, the enhanced light absorption and broadened spectral band further improved EF3.0's degradation efficiency.

Defect induced crystal lattice disorder and its effect on the electron-phonon coupling in Fe doped ZnO thin films

We established a strong correlation between the crystal lattice disorder in Fe doped ZnO (FexZn1-xO) thin films and its effect on the electron phonon (e-p) coupling strength (I2LO/I1LO) which decreased with Fe doping concentration, improved with annealing temperature and showed a mixed increasing/decreasing trend by the variation of the argon (Ar) to oxygen (O2) gas ratio (Ar + O2, Ar) in the deposition chamber. Fe doping raised the number of phonon modes, intensity and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the 1LO phonon modes suggesting the confinement of phonons due to the increased crystal lattice disorder in the FexZn1-xO films. High temperature annealing enhanced the e-p coupling strength reaching a maximum at 500 °C indicating better crystal quality at high temperature. Furthermore, the e-p coupling strength dropped with the doping concentration for the films prepared in Ar + O2 atmosphere and that showed a mixed increasing/decreasing trend for films prepared in Ar atmosphere. This unique physical phenomena confirmed that the coupling strength not only depend on the dopant concentration but also the dopant induced micro/nano defects that modulate the crystal lattice disorder and the coupling strength in doped ZnO. The as prepared FexZn1-xO thin films were highly oriented along the c-axis displaying columnar nanorod (film) like morphology at low (high) Fe doping concentration with the co-existence of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. Fe doping increased the band gap from 3.28 eV for un-doped ZnO to 3.35 eV (1.40 at.% of Fe) and 3.42 eV (3.5 at.% of Fe). Nearly forty (40) thin films were used for a detailed investigation.

Enhanced Potentiometric Hydrogen Sensing Response Based on the Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1-yFeyO3-δ Electrode with Unusual Polarity.

In this work, unusual potentiometric hydrogen sensing of mixed conducting Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ was reported. Inspired by the unusual polarity, a dual sensing electrode (SE) potentiometric hydrogen sensor was fabricated by pairing Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ with electronic conducting ZnO to enhance the hydrogen response. Hydrogen sensing measurements suggested that significantly higher response, larger sensitivity, and lower limit of detection (LOD) were achieved by the dual SE sensor when compared with the single SE sensor based on Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ or ZnO. A high response of 97.3 mV for 500 ppm hydrogen and a low LOD of 2.5 ppm were obtained by the dual SE sensor at 450 °C. Furthermore, the effect of the Fe doping concentration in Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1-yFeyO3-δ (y = 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8) on hydrogen sensing response was investigated. The potentiometric response values to hydrogen increased monotonically with increasing Fe doping concentration. With the Fe/Co atomic ratio increased from 0.25 to 4, the responses to 500 ppm hydrogen raised by 69.6 and 94% at 350 and 450 °C, respectively. The sensing behaviors of unusual Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1-yFeyO3-δ may be ascribed to the predominant surface electrostatic effect. These results show that mixed conducting Ba0.5Sr0.5Co1-yFeyO3-δ is desirable for developing high-performance dual SE hydrogen sensors.

Fabrication and structural and magnetic properties of spark plasma sintered group-IV diluted magnetic semiconductor Fe-doped SiGe alloys

Fe-doped SiGe bulk alloys are fabricated using non-equilibrium spark plasma sintering (SPS) and their structure and ferromagnetic and magneto-transport properties are investigated. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscope measurements show that the obtained alloys are composed of SiGe polycrystals. Magnetization measurements reveal that the Fe-doped SiGe alloys exhibit ferromagnetism up to 259 K, and their Curie temperature increases with Fe doping concentration up to 8%. Moreover, transport measurements of the Fe-doped SiGe alloys show typical metal-insulator transition characteristics of doped semiconductors as well as anomalous Hall effect and intriguing positive-to-negative magnetoresistance, indicating that the obtained alloys are diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs). Our results provide insight into the SPS-prepared Fe-doped SiGe bulk alloys and may be useful for the design, fabrication, and application of group-IV DMSs.

Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-doped Hydroxyapatite/ZnO Nanocomposites Using the Coprecipitation Method from Processed Limestone

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the main inorganic component that forms teeth and bones. The abundant limestone reservoir in Indonesia can be utilized as a natural resource for the green synthesis of hydroxyapatite. The objective of synthesizing Fe-doped hydroxyapatite/ZnO nanocomposites is to enhance the magnetic properties of hydroxyapatite, facilitating its utilization as a biomaterial in drug delivery systems. This application proves valuable in regulating the timing and location of active substance decay in pharmaceuticals. The coprecipitation method was employed to synthesize Fe-doped hydroxyapatite (Fe-HAp) at varying concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% mol. Subsequently, Fe- HAp/ZnO nanocomposites were crafted with a weight ratio 4:1 through straightforward homogenization between nano Fe-HAp and nano ZnO, utilizing ethanol as a solvent. The analytical tools employed for characterization included X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). XRF analysis revealed that the Ca/P ratio in the Fe- HAp/ZnO nanocomposite decreased with increasing Fe dopant concentration, while the weight percentage of ZnO remained consistent across all nanocomposites. The XRD results demonstrated the presence of typical diffraction patterns of HAp and ZnO in the Fe-HAp/ZnO nanocomposite. However, secondary phases such as β-TCP, CaCO3, and Fe2O3 were observed in the Fe-HAp sample. The crystallite size of the Fe-HAp/ZnO nanocomposite generated in this study ranged from 29 to 38 nm. VSM characterization outcomes indicated that the substitution of Fe(III) can modify the diamagnetic properties of hydroxyapatite, rendering it ferromagnetic or superparamagnetic, depending on the dopant concentration employed.

FexMo1-xS2/CNT@CC nanosheets as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

The FexMo1-xS2 nanosheets with different Fe doping content x were grown on carbon nanotubes @ carbon cloth (CNT@CC) substrate using a hydrothermal method by varying the molar ratio of FeSO4·7H2O to Na2MoO4·2H2O in the precursor solution. The effect on HER, OER and overall water splitting (OWS) performance of Fe doping content x were studied. The FexMo1-xS2 nanosheets have the optimal HER and OWS performance for x=0.050 and the optimal OER performance for x=0.075. The overpotential at current density of 100 mA/cm2 and Tafel slope are 198 mV and 44.7 mVdec-1 for HER; and they are 279 mV and 24.5 mV/dec for OER in 1 M KOH electrolyte. The electrolytic cell using Fe0.05Mo0.95S2/ CNT@CC as both cathode and anode achieves a voltage of 1.69 V at current density of 100 mAcm-2 . The bifunctional catalytic activities of the FexMo1-xS2/ CNT@CC catalyst come from the synergistic effect between FexMo1-xS2 nanosheets and CNT.

Insights into the ferromagnetism-antiferromagnetism transition: A first-principles study of LaFexNi1-xO3 (0≤x≤0.5)

The effect of different Fe doping concentration (x = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375 and 0.5) on electronic structure and magnetic properties of LaNiO3 (LNO) have been performed on the spin polarization calculations based on first principles. The calculation results show that with the increase of Fe dopant concentration, LaFexNi1-xO3 undergoes a magnetic transition from ferromagnetism (FM) to antiferromagnetism (AFM). The net magnetic moments of LaFe0.125Ni0.875O3, LaFe0.25Ni0.75O3, LaFe0.375Ni0.625O3 and LaFe0.5Ni0.5O3 in the FM ground state are found to be 12.00 µB/supercell, 16.00 µB/supercell, 20.06 µB/supercell and 23.96 µB/supercell, respectively. In the magnetic configuration of AFM of LaFexNi1-xO3 (x = 0.125 and 0.375) with the nearest doping position, the asymmetric magnetic structure leads to the symmetry of the spin-ordered AFM network is broken, resulting in the generation of net magnetic moment of -3.06 µB and 3.87 µB. The net magnetic moment in LaFexNi1-xO3 mainly originates from transition metals (TM) Fe, Ni and magnetized O atoms.

Enhancing the Catalytic Activity of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) via an Etching and Regrowth Method for CO2 Cycloaddition Reaction.

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) bearing rich accessible Lewis acidic/basic active sites and hierarchical pores are favorable to catalyze the cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides with high yields of the target product under mild conditions. In this context, a facile etching and regrowth method is developed here to convert unstable leaf-like zinc-based ZIF-L to one kind of bimetallic ZIF (namely, ZnFe-ZIF) with a rough surface, a porous and accessible three-dimensional structure, and abundant Lewis acidic sites. Owing to the high Fe-doping content functioning as rich Lewis acidic sites and the high CO2 adsorbing capability together with the structural advantages to favor the mass diffusion, the yield of target cyclic carbonate can be up to >99% for the cycloaddition of CO2 and epichlorohydrin by ZnFe-ZIF at 6 h under mild conditions (0.1 MPa and 80 °C) with the selectivity of 100%. More importantly, unlike ZIF-L, which is unstable in the reaction system, the synthesized ZnFe-ZIF displays a satisfactory chemical stability without a loss in catalytic activities after five recycling runs as well as good substrate tolerance, making ZnFe-ZIF a potential high-performance catalyst for CO2 conversion.

Bandgap Tailoring of Ag/Fe/N-Doped ZnO-MWCNT Nanocomposites with Fe-Doping Concentration

Bandgap Tailoring of Ag/Fe/N-Doped ZnO-MWCNT Nanocomposites with Fe-Doping Concentration

Tuning of electrical, magnetic, and topological properties of magnetic Weyl semimetal MnGe by Fe doping

We report on the tuning of electrical, magnetic, and topological properties of the magnetic Weyl semimetal (MnGe) by Fe doping at the Mn site, MnFeGe (δ = 0, 0.30, and 0.62). Fe doping significantly changes the electrical and magnetic properties of MnGe. The resistivity of the parent compound displays metallic behavior, the system with δ = 0.30 of Fe doping exhibits semiconducting or bad-metallic behavior, and the system with δ = 0.62 of Fe doping demonstrates a metal–insulator transition at around 100 K. Further, we observe that the Fe doping increases in-plane ferromagnetism, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and induces a spin-glass state at low temperatures. Surprisingly, topological Hall state has been noticed at a Fe doping of δ = 0.30 that is not found in the parent compound or with δ = 0.62 of Fe doping. In addition, spontaneous anomalous Hall effect observed in the parent system is significantly reduced with increasing Fe doping concentration.

Simultaneously tuning the defect and morphology to design urchin-like Fe-Co3O4-x as integrated trapping-catalyzing modified separator for superior lithium-sulfur batteries

The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage devices because of its high energy density and cost-effectiveness. However, its commercial application is still hampered by the severe lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttling and the sluggish polysulfide redox kinetics. Herein, the defect-rich Fe-Co3O4-x with a unique 3D urchin-like architecture has been rationally designed using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method followed by calcination. The morphology and surface defect of Fe-Co3O4-x are simultaneously regulated by altering the Fe doping content. The resulting Fe-Co3O4-x materials are confirmed with abundant oxygen defects and exhibit strong chemical entrapment towards LiPSs, as evidenced by both the experimental results and the DFT calculations. Under dual regulation, the nanorod-assembled urchin-like architecture could accelerate the electron/ion transport and significantly strengthen the LiPSs redox reaction kinetics. As expected, the assembled Li-S cell with Fe-Co3O4-x modified separator exhibits an ultralow capacity decay of 0.04% per cycle at 1 C after 800 cycles and excellent rate capability as high as 528 mAh g−1 at 5 C. Furthermore, the modification of Fe-Co3O4-x on the separator also improves the reversibility of the lithium anode deposition/stripping. This work provides new insights into effective strategies for designing 3D nanostructural oxygen defect-rich electrocatalysts to achieve advanced Li-S batteries.

Photocatalysis-Fenton mechanism of rGO-enhanced Fe-doped carbon nitride with boosted degradation performance towards rhodamine B

A photo-Fenton catalyst Fe‑carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (labeled as FNGO) was prepared via two-step calcination thermal polymerization. rGO as a carrier of Fe-g-C3N4 accelerated the charge transfer and improved the reduction of Fe (III) as compared those of the binary Fe-g-C3N4 catalyst. The FNGO catalyst maintained a high surface area of 264.7 m2/g and its charge transfer rate was 2.77 times higher than Fe-g-C3N4. The decreasing transient photocurrent and increasing electrode resistance of FNGO, Fe-g-C3N4 and g-C3N4 confirm the positive synergistic effect of FeN coordination and rGO in charge transfer. Under the synergistic of visible light irradiation and H2O2, the excellent degradation performance of FNGO towards rhodamine B was achieved (95.3 % removal) at Fe-doping content of 10 wt%, rGO loading content of 0.5 % and H2O2 addition of 1.5 mM. Hydroxyl radicals played a dominant role in the photocatalysis-Fenton system, which was related to the coordination of FeN, the carrier off-domain of rGO, and the Fe (III)/Fe (II) cycle promoted by photogenerated electron and superoxide radicals. The FNGO had a high stability, a wide pH adaptation (3– 11) and a low Fe-leaching. This novel ternary light-driven photo-Fenton catalyst of FNGO enabled efficient decontamination during advanced treatment of wastewater.

Layered Fe-doped SrLaInO4 perovskite electron transport layer for dye-sensitized solar cell with high open-circuit voltage

This study presents the synthesis of SrLaInO4 perovskite oxides using a high-temperature solid-phase method under atmospheric pressure, with varying Fe-doping concentrations incorporated during fabrication. The synthesized particles underwent characterization using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, revealing a layered crystal structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were employed to confirm the successful incorporation of Fe into the SrLaInO4 crystal structure. Significantly, Fe-doping was observed to broaden the light absorption range of the perovskite oxide whilst simultaneously reducing the bandgap. When employed as the electron transport layer in dye-sensitized solar cells, Fe-doped SrLaInO4 perovskite exhibited a maximum efficiency of 4.64%, alongside an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.801 V, which was noticeably higher than that observed in identically-prepared cells employing TiO2 as the electron transport layer.