Favorable Location Research Articles

Abstract TMP65: Prehospital Comprehensive Stroke Center vs Primary Stroke Center Triage in Patients with Intracranial Hemorrhage

Background: We aimed to evaluate whether the implementation of regional prehospital transport to comprehensive stroke center (CSC) protocol has any impact on inter-hospital transfer rate and neurologic outcomes of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter study comparing outcomes in patients with ICH arriving at 15 Primary Stroke Centers (PSC) and 8 CSC in Chicago, Illinois via emergency medical services transport from January 1 2017 and December 31 2023 - before and after implementation of a prehospital transport protocol in September 2018 which uses a 3-item stroke scale to identify patients with more severe stroke types and <6 hours from onset for transport to the closest CSC rather than closest PSC. Outcomes of interest included inter-hospital transfer rates, arrival to CT times, in-hospital mortality rate, favorable disposition location (discharged to home or acute rehabilitation) and favorable neurologic outcome at discharge (modified Rankin score [mRS] of 0-3). Results: Pre-implementation included 853 patients (mean age=63 [SD 15.0], 54% male, and 45% black), of which 232 (27%) were transported to PSCs (mean NIHSS=13 [SD 11.4]) and 621 patients (73%) to CSCs (mean NIHSS=13 [SD 9.3]). Post-implementation included 3506 patients (mean age=63 [SD 15.3], 63% male, 45% black), of which 891 (25%) went to PSCs (mean NIHSS=13 [SD 11.4]) and 2615 (75%) went to CSCs (mean NIHSS=15 [SD 10.5]). Initial NIHSS score was higher post-implementation compared to pre-implementation (13 [SD 9.9] vs. 14 [SD 10.7]), p=0.04). There were similar rates (41% pre-implementation vs 43% post-implementation) of inter-hospital transfer (p=0.39). Time from hospital arrival to CT imaging was significantly faster post-implementation (86 min vs 36 min, p<0.0001). Rates of favorable discharge disposition (49% pre-implementation vs. 47% post-implementation, p=0.28) and neurologic outcome (29% pre vs 26% post, p=0.13) were similar after adjusting for age, sex, time to CT, and initial NIHSS. However, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher post-implementation (15% pre vs. 20% post, odd ratio=1.4, 95% CI[1.1-1.8], p=0.02) after adjusting for initial NIHSS score. Conclusion: Implementation of a regional prehospital transport protocol to stroke center was associated with a shorter time to CT scanner but higher mortality. Our findings do not support prehospital policies to transport ICH patients directly to CSCs.

AMMI analysis of elite bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) selections for genotype by environment interaction and stability of grain yield in Southern Ethiopia.

Smallholder wheat farmers of Ethiopia frequently use landraces as seed sources that are low yielders and susceptible to diseases due to shortage of seeds of adapted improved bread wheat varieties. Developing novel improved varieties with wider adaptability and stability is necessary to maximize the productivity of bread wheat. Hence, a multi-location field trial was conducted across four locations in south Ethiopia during the 2022/23 main cropping season with the objective of estimating the magnitude of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) effect, and determine the stable genotype among the 10 Ethiopian bread wheat advanced selections using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The data recorded from all plots on 13 agronomic traits and the three wheat rust diseases were computed using appropriate statistical software. The results showed that individual and combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) exhibited the presence of highly significant variability (P<0.01) among the locations, genotypes, and GEI effects for most of the traits including grain yield. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) ANOVA for main effects; location, genotype and GEI revealed significant variation among the selections with 82.0%, 8.7% and 9.3% share of sum square variation, respectively. The genotype plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) bi-plot analysis explained 92.44% of the total variation observed. AMMI and GGE-biplot analyses indicated G11, G9, G10, and G8 as high yielders and well-adaptive in the favourable locations. AMMI stability value (ASV) and Yield stability index (YSI) showed G5 and G8 as highly stable and adaptive selections across locations. Overall, the study identified that G8 as the most stable and adaptive selection, while G11 was the top yielder cultivar across locations. Therefor it was suggested that seeds of G8 can be grown across all the locations, whereas G11, G9, and G10 can be grown in the favourable environments and similar agro-ecologies in the east African region.

Magnetic imaging of Abrikosov vortices trapped near moats in the niobium thin film

Abstract Abrikosov vortices trapped in superconducting circuits can reduce their operation margin and, in some cases, even lead to failure. Moats have been introduced to reduce the impact of Abrikosov vortices by providing a favorable location for trapping them at a distance from the circuit. However, the distribution mechanism of vortices near moats driven by applied magnetic fields and currents remains unclear. In this study, we used multiple moats to construct square-shaped areas in the niobium (Nb) thin film and employed magnetic force microscopy to observe the distribution of vortices induced by applied magnetic fields and currents near these areas. The moats effectively prevented vortices from entering the square-shaped area, particularly when the spacing between two moats was &lt;550 nm. Furthermore, we discovered that the edges of moats generated new vortices with polarities opposite to those entering from both the edges of the Nb film under applied current. These vortices attracted each other and annihilated in pairs. These findings provide more insights into designing the layouts of superconducting integrated circuits.

Impact of Venture Capital on Urban Carbon Emissions: Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration in China

Venture capital is vital for developing capital markets and the low-carbon transformation of the economy. We used panel data from 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2011 to 2022 to investigate how the scale and structure of venture capital influence the intensity of urban carbon emissions using spatial econometric models. We show that an increase in the scale of venture capital can inhibit the increase in the intensity of urban carbon emissions, and the effect is more pronounced in cities with higher pollution and better geographical location. Heterogeneity exists in the carbon-reduction effects of venture capital across industries. The direct carbon reduction effect of venture capital flowing to mid- and low-end industries is stronger and more prominent in cities with higher pollution and less favourable geographical locations. The long-term carbon reduction effect of venture capital flowing to high-end industries is stronger. The mediating effect of technological innovation is prominent, while the effect of industrial structure upgrade is not prominent. The enterprises’ willingness and ability to engage in green transformation acts as a positive moderator, whereas the positive moderating effect of the government in that respect is insufficient. This study clarifies the mechanism of venture capital on urban carbon emissions and offers valuable insights for optimising the structure and system of venture capital.

RESTORATION OF TWO TERRACOTTA FRAGMENTS FROM AN AMPHORA FOUND IN A MARINE ENVIRONMENT IN TIPASA

Due to its favorable geographical location and the significance of the sea in ancient times, Tipasa had several mooring sites along its beaches, bays, and islands. Not far from the beach at the commonly called Sainte Salsa, archaeologists discovered two fragments belonging to the neck of a terracotta amphora of Dressel 1C type, likely used for transporting wine. In this study, it is characterized the terracotta used in the amphora through various investigative techniques: morphology observation under a binocular microscope, petrographic analysis on thin sections, mineralogical analysis using X-ray diffraction, and petrographic analysis (porosity, water absorption, density, etc.). The results indicate that this terracotta was made from clay mixed with tempering agents (sand and straw) to reduce paste plasticity. It was fired in an oxidizing atmosphere at low temperature, as evidenced by the presence of calcite in the shard (incomplete degassing), resulting in high porosity and water absorption. For the restoration of these two fragments, we performed mechanical cleaning of concretions, yielding satisfactory results, followed by a "peeling" mechanical treatment using Klucel®. Subsequently, a complementary chemical treatment was applied to remove remaining CaCO3 carbonates with citric acid and EDTA. While the chemical treatment successfully eliminated dirt and white stains, some areas persisted as white film-like stains. Elemental chemical analysis using SEM-EDS indicated that these areas were primarily composed of silica (SiO2), suggesting diatoms, organisms with siliceous skeletons challenging to remove with chemical treatment. The use of strong acids was avoided to prevent damage to the calcareous and porous terracotta. Thus, the cleaning process was halted, and the restoration process continued (reassembling, bonding with Paraloid72 at 30%, filling with molding plaster using the balloon method, and finally coloring).

Location, Quality, and Price Drive Home Purchases in Indonesia

This study examines the influence of location, product quality, and price on purchasing decisions at Graha Candi Pratama housing in Indonesia. Despite extensive research on housing purchase decisions, the unique contributions of these factors at Graha Candi Pratama have not been thoroughly explored. A quantitative approach was employed, sampling 96 homeowners via questionnaires, with data analyzed using SPSS 25. Results indicate that favorable location, high product quality, and affordable pricing significantly impact consumer decisions. Developers are advised to consider modern trends, cultural habits, and continually improve design and amenities while maintaining affordable pricing to attract buyers. Highlight: Location Impact: Proximity to amenities and transport influences purchase decisions. Product Quality: High-quality construction and variety increase buyer satisfaction. Price Affordability: Competitive pricing enhances housing project attractiveness. Keywoard: Housing purchase decision, location, product quality, price, consumer behavior

Дослідження підходів до формування стратегії підвищення інвестиційної привабливості регіону (на прикладі рівненської області України)

The article identifies the main factors influencing the investment attractiveness of the region and groups them in six areas: macroeconomic, political, financial, technological, social and environmental analyses. Isolating the factors influencing the investment attractiveness of the region will allow a comprehensive assessment of various aspects that influence the adoption of sound investment decisions and increase the investment attractiveness of the country or region. The work examines the tools of strategic analysis for assessing the investment attractiveness of the region and their use in the conditions of martial law, and reveals their advantages and disadvantages. The following strategic analysis tools were studied: SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, CANVA, VMOST, SOAR, BKG matrix, Porter's Five Forces, Maturity Models, SPACE analysis and others. The GE/McKinsey matrix was chosen for the analysis of the Rivne region in war conditions, which, in our opinion, is the most effective tool for analyzing the investment attractiveness of the region and will provide a comprehensive approach to market assessment and the competitiveness of the region, will allow prioritization of the region's resources in conditions of limitations and adaptation of industries and production to changes in the external environment, as well as the possibility of assessing the level of risk for each sector of the economy. Since the GE/McKinsey matrix is popular and understandable to international investors, it will help attract international investment and aid to the Rivne region, which has existing natural resources and energy facilities. The McKinsey matrix is based on two factors - market attractiveness and competitiveness. The application of such an analysis in the conditions of the war in Ukraine and economic instability will help identify the main directions for the development, support or rationalization of certain sectors of the economy or enterprises. The paper identifies the main factors influencing the attractiveness of the market and the competitiveness of the industry. The authors studied the dynamics of indicators of socio-economic development of the Rivne region, analyzed them and assessed the attractiveness of the region for investors. Rivne Oblast is located near the border with EU countries and close to economically active regions, namely: Zhytomyr, Volyn, Lviv, Khmelnytskyi and Ternopil. The favorable location of the region will directly affect the development of trade and logistics operations. The Rivne region is known for its amber deposits, forest resources and land for agriculture and other natural resources. These advantages of the region form investment opportunities and attractiveness for attracting investments in the mining industry, agricultural production and wood processing, etc. The GE/McKinsey matrix based on two factors - market attractiveness and competitiveness for key sectors and branches of the economy of the Rivne region was built in the work, and the justification of its choice and benefits in the current conditions for the region was made. The analysis was carried out and strategic conclusions were made for the main directions of the region, and the most attractive industries and sectors of the Rivne region for investment were determined, namely: agriculture, energy and wood processing.

Organized Crime in Kosovo: A Comprehensive Analysis of Narcotics and Human Trafficking (2019-2023)

Organized crime poses an imminent threat in our society, driven by the pursuit of rapid wealth and power. The path to amassing large profits in a short time leads to various criminal activities, such as drug trafficking, human trafficking, and counterfeit goods, reaching global levels. This research is about the Republic of Kosovo. The intent is to analyze organized crime from 2019 to 2023, taking a comprehensive interest in drugs and human trafficking. Post-war countries struggle with extensive criminal networks that cause internal turmoil. Fostering criminal cooperation and combating corruption while ensuring security and safety remain significant internal issues. Its favorable location along the Balkan route is a pathway to illicit activities driven by criminal groups, with Europe as a destination. Additionally, by using a mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative research through document analysis, data analysis, and statistical examination, the research offers a holistic perspective on the changes over the years, emphasizing key enforcement challenges. It also uncovers how criminal networks take advantage of security challenges and legislative gaps to operate freely. The research concludes that stricter enforcement laws and intensified anti-corruption efforts are urgently required. Improving security policies and practices, focusing on greater collaboration with other Balkan countries, enhancing border control, and tightening oversight in northern Kosovo are also priorities. Implementing the proposed measures would enhance Kosovo's fight against organized crime and serve as a combat model for other Balkan countries.

Selecting Suitable Sites for Wind Energy Harvesting in Iraq using GIS Techniques

Wind energy harnesses the kinetic force of the wind through turbines to produce electricity. As a critical renewable energy source, it presents a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. The availability of wind energy is geographically contingent. This paper aims to pinpoint optimal sites for wind energy development in Iraq and to secure future energy needs from renewable sources to achieve this, a multi-criteria analysis utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was employed to determine the prime locations for wind energy extraction. Vital climatic data incorporated into this analysis included a RASTER file of the study area's annual wind speed, temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) roads, urban centers, terrain gradients, and land utilization patterns were instrumental in constructing a GIS-based model. This model harnessed the weighted overlay tool within ArcGIS 10.7.1's Spatial Analysis Tools to classify and integrate various raster datasets. Findings reveal that the most favorable locations for wind energy exploitation are in Iraq's southeastern sectors. These zones are not only marked by vigorous winds averaging speeds over 6.2 meters per second but also benefit from their proximity to power grids, accessible roads, and gentle slopes, making them prime candidates for wind farm installation. The research also notes that regions with a high suitability index for wind energy development constitute 5.3% of the total examined area. This is a robust indicator of Iraq's capacity for wind energy utilization. Meanwhile, 79.7% of the territory received a moderate suitability rating, 9.5% was categorized as poorly suitable, and 5.4% was considered unsuitable for wind energy projects. These insights underscore the significant potential for harvesting wind energy in Iraq and guide strategic planning for its implementation.

HPB SO43 - Meta-analysis of completion pancreatectomy for local recurrence of pancreatic cancer after the index pancreatectomy

Abstract Background Poor prognosis post-resection of pancreatic cancer is owed to a high rates of cancer recurrence (approximately 80%) despite complete surgical resection being achieved. The role of surgical re-resection in patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer is unclear. Several studies have reported survival benefit of repeat pancreatectomy for selected patients with local recurrence in the remnant pancreas after the index pancreatectomy. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of best available evidence to evaluate survival outcomes of completion pancreatectomy for locally recurrent pancreatic cancer following index pancreatectomy. Method A systematic search of electronic data sources and bibliographic reference lists were conducted. Proportion meta-analysis model was constructed to quantify 1- to 5-year survival after pancreatic re-resection for locally recurrent pancreatic cancer. Random-effects modelling was applied to calculate pooled outcome data. Results Fifteen retrospective studies were included reporting a total of 250 patients who underwent completion pancreatectomy for locally recurrent pancreatic cancer following their index pancreatectomy. Completion pancreatectomy was associated with 1-year survival of 70.6% (95% CI 65.0%-76.2%), 2-year survival of 38.8% (95% CI 28.6%-49.0%), 3-year survival of 20.2% (95% CI 13.8%-26.7%), and 5-year survival of 9.2% (95% CI 5.5%-12.8%). The between-study heterogeneity was insignificant in all outcome syntheses. Conclusion Repeat pancreatectomy for local recurrence of pancreatic cancer in the remnant pancreas following the index pancreatectomy is associated with acceptable overall patient survival. We recommend selective re-resection of such recurrences in younger patients with favourable tumour size and location. Our findings may encourage conduction of better-quality studies in this context to provide stronger evidence.

Mitigating urban heat island effects using trees in planters with varied crown shapes

Urban downtown areas are often overheated and contribute to the creation of urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. Implementation of trees is considered an effective way to mitigate UHI and improve outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) in densely built-up areas.This study aims to investigate the potential of applying additional trees in planters to mitigate UHI effects and improve OTC in open urban areas. Simulation of OTC is performed for hot summer days using Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). In this study, we have devised a method to determine favourable locations for a predetermined number of additional trees, with different crown shapes (cylinder, sphere and cone), to improve OTC conditions. In the proposed method, an evolutionary algorithm based on natural selection was used as it is effective for solving problems that have a large number of combinations. The method considers the geometry of the built environment, the geometry, locations and number of additional trees, weather data and UTCI simulation.The method was applied to three different urban morphologies located in the downtown of Novi Sad, Serbia. The results show that, depending on urban geometries and morphologies, different crown shapes lead to different UTCI reduction. Cylinder-shaped and sphere-shaped tree crowns showed to be the most effective in reducing heat stress. The positioning of additional trees reduced the UTCI values at single manikin locations by up to 6.11 °C, indicating that the process of determining their locations is crucial for mitigating the heat and improving OTC conditions during hot summer days.

Potensi Pengembangan Industri di Kabupaten Dairi

Dairi Regency has a favorable geographical location, Sidikalang is the capital of Dairi Regency and has enormous industrial potential. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential for industrial development in Dairi Regency. The research method used is a qualitative research method that is library research using books and other literature as the main object. The results of the study show that geographical conditions, climate, and natural resources support various types of plants. The leading commodities are curly chilies, shallots, ginger, turmeric, corn, paddy fields, durian, Siamese oranges, Arabica coffee, and Robusta coffee. The potential for developing the fisheries industry with a focus on tilapia, carp, catfish, and jurung. The potential for developing tourism with ecotourism; trekking, mountain biking, observing flora and fauna, relaxing at Lake Toba. Agrotourism: visiting coffee, tea, orange plantations, learning about cultivation, then farming. Culinary and cultural tourism; art and cultural performances, cooking classes, culinary tourism. Travel history; King Silahi Sabungan Tomb Monument, Dairi Faith Tourism Park, Tao Silalahi. Religious tourism; Sidikalang Old Church, Sidikalang Grand Mosque.

Decentralized sanitation alternatives in cities of the global south—A case of constructed wetlands in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Constructed wetlands have emerged as a sustainable alternative for decentralized wastewater treatment in developing countries which face challenges with urbanization and deteriorating infrastructure. This paper discusses the key factors affecting the implementation of constructed wetlands in developing countries. A case study research design was adopted, which focused on Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. A mixed-method approach was adopted for the study. Spatial analysis was conducted to identify potential sites for constructed wetlands in the city of Bulawayo. Semi structured interviews were conducted, with relevant stakeholders, such as town planners, civil engineers, NGO representatives, community leaders, and quantity surveyors. The findings reveal that political reforms, public acceptance, land availability, and funding are crucial for the successful implementation of constructed wetlands. Additionally, four sites were identified as the most favorable preliminary locations for these systems. The paper captures all the key factors relevant to the implementation of constructed wetlands (CWs) with a closer look at policy and the role it plays in the adoption of decentralized wastewater treatment systems. Formulating policy around the decentralized sanitation systems was considered imperative to the success of the systems whether in implementation or in operation. The paper adds to knowledge in the subject of sustainable wastewater treatment alternatives for developing countries. However, further research can be conducted with a different methodology to ascertain the applicability of the systems in developing urban cities considering other important aspects in the implementation of wastewater treatment systems.

Imaging and modelling the subsurface structure of the Rungwe Volcanic Province in SW Tanzania with aeromagnetic data: An improved structural map to support geothermal exploration

The Rungwe Volcanic Province (RVP) in the East African Rift System, SW Tanzania, provides a unique opportunity to investigate geothermal resources in the context of particularly complex continental rifting processes. To support geothermal resource targeting in the RVP, we present a revised neotectonic structural map based on an interpretation of aeromagnetic data constrained by 2D-forward modelling of magnetic anomalies integrated with the distribution of previously reported faults, seismic epicentre locations, 3D magnetotelluric resistivity models and surface geothermal manifestations. Magnetic anomalies in the RVP, including the nationally prominent Mbeya anomaly, are related to the high magnetic susceptibility or remanent magnetism of Precambrian rocks and Cretaceous carbonatite intrusions buried in the rift under a varying thickness of non-magnetic sediments and volcanic rocks. Magnetic lineaments are related to structures controlling the geometry of the Precambrian rocks and concealed dikes and the thickness of the sediments and volcanics. The recent Ngozi and Rungwe trachyte volcanics have relatively low magnetic susceptibility comparable to the low susceptibility of the sediments in the rift basins. The revised neotectonic structural map shows prominent NW, NE and NS-trending magnetic lineaments that correlate with previously reported faults and alignments of seismic epicentres in the study area and with the regional trend of the rift segments. The NE-trending magnetic lineaments are consistent with interpretations of the current stress field in the RVP. The main volcanoes in the RVP, Ngozi, Rungwe and Kiejo (also known as Kyejo and Kieyo), are aligned with the NW-trending linear magnetic feature joining the Lupa and Livingstone rift border faults. This lineament is intersected and frequently displaced by the NE and NS-trending lineaments, suggesting that the NE to NS-striking structures are younger. The Rungwe and Ngozi volcanoes as well as numerous ‘‘monogenetic’’ eruption centres and the Mwakaleli caldera, which originated ca. 2 Ma ago (Ebinger et al., 1989) following a large explosive eruption emplacing widespread ignimbrite deposits, are located within a zone of low-intermediate magnitude magnetic features forming a basin-like structure surrounded by magnetic high anomalies of the Precambrian basement structures. We interpret the intersections between the NW-trending intra-rift faults and the NS and NE-trending faults as favourable locations for wells to target high permeability within the geothermal resource conceptual models previously constructed using 3D MT resistivity imaging integrated with supporting geoscientific data. The intersections provide a focus area for follow-up ground mapping of subtle features that may be associated with very recent fault movement.

Innovative multi-generation system producing liquid hydrogen and oxygen: Thermo-economic analysis and optimization using machine learning optimization technique

This research investigates the multi-objective optimization of a geothermal-driven multi-generation system designed to produce liquid hydrogen and oxygen as its primary outputs. The system incorporates a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Electrolyzer alongside a modified ejector-based Organic Rankine Cycle to generate the required Energy (heating bar, cooling bar, electricity and hydrogen). Case studies were conducted in three distinct locations: Zanjan in Iran, Aarhus in Denmark, and San Bernardino in the United States, utilizing actual geological and meteorological data for accuracy. Simulations were executed applied Engineering Equation Solver & optimization of the system was carried out to enhance performance by focusing on the objective functions of system exergy efficiency and cost reduction. This was accomplished by utilizing response surface methodology (RSM) along with Minitab software (MS).To optimize the system, six decision variables were identified as critical parameters influencing performance. The optimization results indicated that the system can achieve an exergy efficiency of 53.74 % while maintaining a cost rate of $31.56 per hour. The overall cost rate for the geothermal system was determined to be $54.50 per hour, with $10.10 per hour allocated to hydrogen production and $44.40 per hour to electricity generation. Site-specific analyses highlighted San Bernardino as the most favorable location for implementing this system, projecting an annual production of 90.8 tons of liquid hydrogen and 208.3 kg of oxygen. In August, the geothermal system in San Bernardino can produce up to 7691.6 kg/h of liquid hydrogen, while in December, production decreases to 7402.8 kg/h, marking the lowest output for the year. In contrast, Zanjan and Aarhus demonstrated lower production capacities, underscoring the system's feasibility as dependent on site-specific conditions.

Seismic reflection data interpretation and petrophysical evaluation of the Meyal area, the Potwar Basin, Pakistan

Despite extensive exploration efforts in the Potwar Basin, a thorough understanding of the structural framework and reservoir characteristics within the Meyal Field remains critical for pinpointing potential hydrocarbon zones. This study aims to integrate geology and geophysics to emphasize the structural and stratigraphic interpretation of the Meyal Field, including reservoir characterization using seismic and well-log data. The seismic interpretation of six seismic lines focuses on four key reflectors: the Kamlial, Chorgali, Sakesar, and Salt Range Formations. The Eocene Chorgali and Sakesar Formations are of primary importance for exploration and production. Structural analysis revealed that the Meyal anticline is a plunging structure bounded by a back thrust to the north and a fore thrust to the south, suggesting a favorable location for hydrocarbon accumulation. Time-depth contour maps derived from seismic data further delineate potential sites for future investigations. The well correlation indicated an uplift toward the Meyal-2 compared with Meyal-5, signifying a shallowing trend attributed to thrust tectonics. This tectonic regime has rendered the area highly prospective for hydrocarbon exploration, with thrusting and oblique-slip faulting enhancing the reservoir qualities of Eocene Formations. The petrophysical evaluation revealed favorable reservoir characteristics, including an average porosity ranging from 0% to 12% with an effective porosity of approximately 7.5%, water saturation up to 42%, and hydrocarbon saturation reaching 58% within the pay zone of the reservoir. These findings suggest that the Sakesar and Chorgali Formations within the Meyal oil field hold promise as productive hydrocarbon reservoirs. The integrated study provides valuable insights into the structural framework and reservoir characterization, highlighting the potential of the Eocene Formations as productive hydrocarbon reservoirs supported by favorable structural configurations and petrophysical properties.

Feasibility Assessment of Using Wavestar Energy Converter in a Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System (a case study)

Renewable energies, as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, confront a twofold challenge characterized by intermittency and the imperative to enhance reliability. Hybrid energy systems (HES) emerge as a pragmatic solution with the potential to mitigate carbon emissions and foster self-sufficiency within local communities. This investigation primarily seeks to ascertain the optimal configuration of a HES integrated with Wavestar wave energy converter, considering economic, technical, and environmental factors, tailored to meet the electricity demands of two cities in Iran including Chabahar and Anzali alongside of the Caspian sea and Oman sea, respectively. For this purpose, HOMER software is used for modeling and optimization the energy systems. In both locations, the optimal system includes photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), Wavestar wave energy converter (WEC), diesel generator (DG), and batteries which results in cost of energy (COE) of 0.136 and 0.109 in Chabahar and Anzali, respectively. Sensitivity analysis reveals that wind speed significantly impacts COE and reliability, also grid electricity purchases play a vital role. Economic uncertainty highlights varying importance between capital costs for PV and WT in Anzali and Chabahar. Furthermore, this study delves into the limitations posed by the fuel dependency of diesel generators. Finally, by conducting a thorough assessment of solar energy potential by GIS software, the research identifies a favorable location for the establishment of a solar power plant, contributing to the overall feasibility of the proposed hybrid energy systems.

Oceanographic preconditions for planning seawater heat pumps in the Baltic Sea – an example from the Tallinn Bay, Gulf of Finland

Abstract. The use of low-temperature seawater heat for renewable energy installations is demonstrated with an example from the Tallinn Bay, Baltic Sea, based on Copernicus Marine Service reanalysis data. Tallinn and its surrounding seaside counties are home to about half a million people and produce about half of Estonia's gross domestic product (GDP). The Tallinn Bay with an area of 223 km2 extends to the north and has an open connection to the Gulf of Finland. Depths more than 50 m that cover the halocline already appear at a distance of 3–4 km from the coast. Surface layers get too cold during winter to be used in heat pumps for district heating; therefore, a feasible option is to pump slightly warmer seawater from the deeper halocline layers. The lowest monthly mean halocline temperature – down to 2.6 °C at 50 m depth and 3.3 °C at 70 m – is found in March and April based on reanalysis data from 1993–2019. The seawater seasonally cools below 3 °C on average on 1 January at 20 m depth and on 12 February at 50 m depth. At the 70 m depth, the average start of T&lt;3 °C was calculated on 28 February, although only 14 winters out of 26 had such water present; in 12 winters the condition T&gt;3 °C was always fulfilled. The median number of cold days is 11, with a maximum of 128 d in the winter 1993/1994 when stratification became rather weak due to the prolonged absence of Major Baltic Inflows of saltier and warmer North Sea waters. During the recent warmer period of 2009–2019, the start of the cold seawater period was delayed on average by 5–10 d. Tallinn has, among other Baltic Sea cities and industrial sites, a favorable location for seawater heat extraction because of the short distance to the unfreezing sub-halocline layers. Still, episodically there are colder-water events with T&lt;3 °C, when seawater heat extraction has to be complemented by other sources of heating energy.

Techno-economic-environmental assessment of green hydrogen and ammonia synthesis using solar and wind resources for three selected sites in Egypt

The primary motivation of the present study is to mitigate the severe impact of ongoing energy resource shortages, while offering clean and sustainable energy carriers, such as hydrogen and ammonia. The present system mainly encompasses water splitting and the Haber-Bosch (HB) processes for green hydrogen and ammonia synthesis using solar and wind power, respectively. Pointwise quantification analyses are conducted to quantify the power, hydrogen, and ammonia as well as the economic parameters, specifically the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH), and levelized cost of ammonia (LCOA). This analysis is based on meteorological data from three sites in Egypt, considering the specific water and nitrogen requirements for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis, respectively. Furthermore, carbon dioxide mitigation from solar and wind systems is estimated. These respective sites are Jarjoub on the coastlines of the Mediterranean Sea, and Ain Sokhna and Jabal Al-Zait on the coastlines of the Red Sea. The results indicate that the lowest values of LCOE, LCOH, and LCOA are 12.58 $/MWh, 1.91 $/kg H2, and 396.1 $/Ton NH3, respectively, which were attained using solar resources at Ain Sokhna geographical site at the Red Sea. Besides, Jarjoub, which is located in the Mediterranean Sea, could attain LCOH of 2.15 $/kg, which is still a promising option due to its export potential to Europe. However, the use of wind resources is incompetent for solar counterparts in the respective sites; their potential application in Egypt is still promising. The results demonstrate that Jabal Al-Zait stands as a favorable location for green power, hydrogen, and ammonia synthesis using wind resources, which has LCOE, LCOH, and LCOA of 23.67 $/MWh, 2.75 $/kg H2, and 547.8 $/Ton NH3, respectively.

Site suitability analysis of urban green parks in Ranchi city using GIS–AHP based multi-criteria decision analysis

Purpose The presence of green spaces plays a vital role in promoting urban sustainability. Urban green parks (UGPs) help create sustainable cities while providing fundamental ecological functions. However, rapid urbanization has destroyed crucial green areas in Ranchi City, endangering inhabitants’ health. This study aims to locate current UGPs and predict future UGP sites in Ranchi City, Jharkhand. Design/methodology/approach It uses geographic information system (GIS) and analytical hierarchical process (AHP) to evaluate potential UGP sites. It involves the active participation of urban communities to ensure that the UGPs are designed to meet dweller’s needs. The site suitability assessment is based on several parameters, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land use and land cover (LULC), population distribution, PM 2.5 levels and the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. The integration of these factors enables an evaluation of potential UGP’s sites. Findings The findings of this research reveal that 54.39% of the evaluated areas are unsuitable, 15.55% are less suitable, 12.76% are moderately suitable, 11.52% are highly suitable and 5.78% are very highly suitable for UGPs site selection. These results emphasize that the middle and outer regions of Ranchi City are the most favorable locations for establishing UGPs. The NDVI is the most important element in UGP site appropriateness, followed by LULC, population distribution, PM 2.5 levels and the UHI effect. Originality/value This study improves the process of integrating AHP and GIS, and UGPs site selection maps help urban planners and decision-makers make better choices for Ranchi City’s sustainability and greenness.