Fault Management Applications Research Articles

Modeling and Simulation of High Voltage Power Lines under Transient and Persistent Faults

The work proposes an original method for modeling and simulating the triggering of 110 kV interconnection power lines in case of common faults, such as transient or persistent faults. Urban and industrial areas, surrounding urban areas, require a high energy consumption that is being supplied through 110 kV overhead power lines, responsible for distributing power to the industrial and domestic consumers. High voltage distribution power lines are most prone to failure, due to their exposure, affecting a large number of consumers if a fault occurs. Faults of power lines in service certify that currently there is no perfectly controllable operation mode in terms of load rating, environmental factors, insulation resistance, or mechanical resistance, which would allow total avoidance of faults, it is only possible to reduce the impact they have on the network as a whole. Mathematical models have been developed to determine the experimental voltage and current responses describing the fault propagation, expressed as a 7th-degree polynomial curve, as a second-order transfer function or as the Gaussian model type. By comparing these mathematical models, the most probable answers that can lead to the development of a control structure for rapid identification of a fault were obtained, with the possibility of triggering the line protection relay. In the final part of the manuscript, the viability of applying artificial intelligence techniques, for the approached fault management application, is proven. The developed control structure evaluates the nature of the fault and determines a faster reaction of the line protection causing an increase in the performance of the distribution service.

Gaussian Mixture Model classifier analog integrated low-power implementation with applications in fault management detection

An Integrated Analog Gaussian Mixture Model classifier architecture is introduced consisting of multiple Gaussian function circuits and a Winner-Take-All circuit. It is modular and scalable to the number of classes and clusters, and, to the input dimensionality. The operating principles of the classifier are illustrated in detail and are used in a low-power, low-voltage and fully-tunable implementation targeting bearing fault management applications. The implementation was done in a 90nm CMOS process using the Cadence IC Suite for the electrical and physical design. Post-layout simulation results were compared with a software implementation of the classifier confirming the proper operation of the design.

CPS-based fault-tolerance method for smart factories

Abstract In this paper, we propose a fault tolerance method in smart factories which features a simulation-based framework and a fault management application, FORTUNA (Fault-tOleRanT and aUtomated decisioN making Application). The simulation-based framework is characterized by a Virtual Factory (VF) which plays an integrator role in CPS architecture for the smart factory. The VF provides two key functionalities, (1) a simulation of CPS models represented by ECML (ETRI CPS Modeling Language), and (2) a state estimation based on massive CPS data. By deploying Kalman filter, a predictor-corrector type estimator, FORTUNA not only detects faults through the realtime observation of CPS data but also predicts potential failures by the simulation. It is demonstrated that the method can work effectively in industrial systems with real dataset.

Management and Challenges Facing Wireless Sensor Networks in Telemedicine Applications

This chapter focuses on the management process of the wireless sensor networks in telemedicine applications. The main management tasks that are reported and addressed covers: topology management, privacy and security issues in WSN management, topology management algorithms, and route management schemes. Also, failure detection in WSN and fault management application using MANNA was presented and discussed. The major challenges and design issues facing WSN management was touched in a separate section. Typical telemedicine interactions involve both store-and-forward and live interaction. Both the traditional live and store-and-forward telemedicine systems provide an extension of healthcare services using fixed telecommunications networks (i.e. non-mobile). Various telemedicine solutions have been proposed and implemented since its initial use some 30 years ago in the fixed network environment using wired telecommunications networks (e.g. digital subscriber line). Technological advancements in wireless communications systems, namely wireless personal area networks (WPANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), WiMAX broadband access, and cellular systems (2.5G, 3G and beyond 3G) now have the potential to significantly enhance telemedicine services by creating a flexible and heterogeneous network within an end-to-end telemedicine framework. In the future, integrating wireless solutions into healthcare delivery may well come to be a requirement, not just a differentiator, for accurate and efficient healthcare delivery. However, this raises some very significant challenges in terms of interoperability, performance and the security of such systems.

Q-factor monitoring using FEC for fault-management applications

Feature Issue on Optical Performance Monitoring (OPM). We examine the use of forward-error-correction coding for Q-factoring monitoring in fault-management applications. The sensitivity of this technique is measured for accumulated dispersion values up to -982 ps/nm, demonstrating the potential for use in embedded monitoring without dispersion compensation.

An Approach for Managing Service Dependencies with XML and the Resource Description Framework

We describe a novel approach for applying XML, XPath, and Resource Description Framework (RDF) to the problem of describing, querying and computing the dependencies among services in a distributed computing system. This becomes increasingly important in today's networked environments where applications and services rely on both local and outsourced sub-services. However, service dependencies are not made explicit in today's systems, thus making the task of problem determination particularly difficult. A key contribution of the paper is a web-based architecture for retrieving and handling dependency information from various managed resources. Its core component is a dependency query facility allowing the application of queries and filters to dependency modelss its output is a consolidated dependency graph that can then be used by fault management applications to perform additional problem determination tasks or event correlation. The definition of an XML-based notation for specifying dependencies facilitates information sharing between the components involved in the process.

Cooperative Communications in Dynamic Fault Management

The motivation for this research is to further theory on the development of artificial intelligence systems that function as “team players” in dynamic fault management applications. One challenge is effectively supporting the practitioner in understanding the assessments and actions of the intelligent system. The typical expert system approach to explanations is not well suited to the cognitive demands of dynamic fault management. In order to gain insight into effective cooperative interaction in dynamic fault management, we have undertaken a field of study of practitioners in one such domain, anesthesiology. We analyze the findings using the theoretical framework of a common ground and common frame of reference.