Fathers Of Daughters Research Articles

The dynamic relationship of parental personality traits with the personality and psychopathology traits of anorectic and bulimic daughters

Objective Parenting and family dynamics influence the emergence, development, and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). Although family interventions are relevant for therapeutic programs, knowledge of the relationship between parental personality traits and the eating psychopathology of daughters is scarce. This study explored the personality and psychopathology of women with EDs and correlated them with parental personality traits. Method The personality and eating psychopathology traits of 38 restricter anorectics, 30 bingeing/purging anorectics, 37 bulimics, and their parents' personality traits (87 fathers and 97 mothers) were measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory, the Clinical Global Impression Scale, the Eating Disorders Inventory-2, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The results were compared with matched controls (54 women, 50 fathers, 54 mothers). Personality and psychopathology were correlated with multiple regression. Results Women with ED displayed high harm avoidance and low self-directedness, whereas restricter anorectic women had high persistence. Low persistence was common in fathers of daughters across all EDs. Fathers of restricter anorectics were highly harm avoidant. Fathers of both anorectic subtypes and mothers of bulimic women displayed low self-directedness. Parental personality traits were linearly correlated with their daughter's personality and psychopathology, but the correlation differed among EDs. Conclusion Parents of eating-disordered participants displayed personality characteristics that differed from controls and, among ED subgroups, these differences were related to their daughter's personality and psychopathology. The linear correlation did not fully explain the relationship of the parental personality traits to the presence of their daughter's ED, suggesting that a more complex personality-based family dynamic is involved. A Temperament and Character Inventory profile of the entire family may be used in the planning of family treatment.

Mothers' and fathers' socialization of preschoolers' physical risk taking

This study examined how parents influence sex differences in young children's physical risk taking behaviors. Eighty three- and four-year old, mostly middle class and Caucasian children climbed across a five-foot high catwalk and walked across a three-foot high beam under their mother or father's supervision. Based on average preschooler gross motor capabilities, both of these activities posed potential threats to preschoolers' physical safety without proper parental monitoring. Analyses revealed that fathers of daughters monitored their children more closely than did fathers of sons. In contrast, mothers of daughters and mothers of sons monitored their children similarly. Differential treatment of preschool-aged girls and boys in risk taking situations is discussed as a contributor to sex differences found in children's physical risk taking and unintentional injuries.

Mothers' and Fathers' Behaviors Toward Their 3- to 4-Month-Old Infants in Lower, Middle, and Upper Socioeconomic African American Families.

African American mothers' and fathers' availability, caregiving, and social behaviors toward their infants in and around their homes were examined. Twenty lower, 21 middle, and 21 upper socioeconomic families and their 3- to 4-month-old infants were observed for 4 3-hr blocks between 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. on 4 different weekdays. With increasing economic resources, children's exposure to multiple caregivers and nonresident fathers declined. Mothers were more available to infants than fathers were, regardless of socioeconomic status. Mothers fed infants more than fathers did, whereas fathers vocalized more and displayed more affection to infants than mothers did when they were examined in proportion to caregiver presence. Mothers and fathers interacted with male and female infants quite similarly, although, in the upper socioeconomic families, fathers of daughters were more available than fathers of sons. Fathers and mothers in the different socioeconomic groups held, displayed affection to, and soothed their infants differently.

Relation of the Postnatal Attachment Questionnaire to the Attachment Q‐Set

We examined the relation of the relatively new parent‐to‐infant Postnatal Attachment Questionnaire (PAQ) and the Attachment Q‐Set (AQS) in mothers and fathers of 12‐month‐old infants. The PAQ represents the affective component and the AQS the behavioural component of caregiver–infant attachment. The PAQ has to do with the feelings of the parents towards the infant, whereas the AQS is concerned with the infant's and parents' behaviour vis‐à‐vis each other. Fifty‐nine mothers and 38 fathers of 59 infants (31 girls, 28 boys) completed the PAQ and the AQS when their infants were between the ages of 11 and 15 months. The results of multiple regression analyses indicate that the PAQ of both mothers and fathers, as a whole, is significantly related to the AQS. Also, interaction effects revealed that, for fathers of daughters, the relation between the PAQ and the AQS is positive, such that more pleasure in interacting was associated with more secure attachments; whereas for fathers of sons, the relation between the AQS and the absence of hostility PAQ subscale is significant and positive, with less hostility relating to more secure attachments. These findings lend support for the notion that parental feelings are one important correlate of infant secure‐base behaviour.

An Interview with Francisco Miyasaka

A few years ago, the late activist Judy Nishimoto Ota made a trip to Cuba. Her daughter's father is from Cuba, and her intention was to give her daughter the chance to meet her Cuban relatives and to connect with her Cuban roots. On this trip, the two happened to make contact with Francisco Miyasaka, President of the Japanese Cuban Association. Since then, an ongoing relationship has emerged between the two communities, despite the great difficulties of U.S. government restrictions on travel and commerce. This relationship has grown mostly through the work of the Los Angeles-based Nikkei for Civil Rights and Redress (NCRR), of which Judy Ota was a part. Since the fortuitous encounter with Mr. Miyasaka, NCRR has sponsored a visit by Mr. Miyasaka to California in 2000, a delegation of U.S. Japanese Americans to Cuba in 2001, and this year, they are organizing a visit by two Japanese Cuban women to Los Angeles in August 2002. The group is also working to organize another U.S. delegation to Cuba for Spring 2003.

Comparison Of Fathers Of Daughters With And Without Maladaptive Eating Attitudes

To explore eating disorders in adolescent females, this study examined the family perceptions of 22 daughters with maladaptive eating attitudes and 88 daughters without maladaptive eating attitudes. The results indicated that daughters with maladaptive eating attitudes reported problems with their fathers on communication, problem solving, autonomy issues, and expression of warmth, while reporting problems in communication and expression of warmth with their mothers. Parents of the two groups did not report any differences, although correlational data indicated that parents of daughters who reported more maladaptive eating attitudes were more likely to report family structural problems involving triangulation (bringing other family members into a conflict).

Marital quality and gender differences in parent-child interaction.

This microanalytic study of family interaction establishes links among marital quality, gender, and parent-child relationships. Dyadic conversational exchanges between 38 mothers and fathers and their 3.5 year-old first-born son or daughter were analyzed. Marital quality was related to gender differences in both parent and child behavior, with less maritally adjusted fathers of daughters showing the most negativity toward their children. Sequential analyses showed that gender differences in parents'and children's responses to one another were also mediated by marital quality. Mothers in less satisfied marriages were the least accepting of daughters'assertiveness and were more likely to reciprocate the negative affect of sons. Daughters of parents lower in marital satisfaction were less compliant with their fathers

Intrafamily Acculturation of Values in Greece

Changing ecological and social factors should result in different degrees of acculturation of family values associated with the traditional hierarchical collectivist family system, between parents and their sons and daughters within rural and urban contexts. A family values questionnaire was given to 226 three-person families (mother, father, 18-year-old son or daughter; 110 from Athens and 116 from small communities). The results indicate that (a) values associated with hierarchical father-mother roles were rejected by young people from both Athens and small communities, (b) Athenian parents were in a middle position, and (c) parents from small communities still agreed with these values. Gender was an important variable in that daughters were more rejecting than were sons of the traditional family hierarchical collectivistic structure and fathers of daughters were more traditional than were fathers of sons, whereas no such relationships were found with mothers. Also there appeared to be two stages in the acculturation of the collectivist family values, the first being rejection of the authority of the father and the second being the active disobedience of paternal authority.

"He Would Come Back": The Fathers of Daughters in Daniel Deronda

"He Would Come Back": The Fathers of Daughters in Daniel Deronda

"He Would Come Back": The Fathers of Daughters in Daniel Deronda

"He Would Come Back": The Fathers of Daughters in Daniel Deronda

Perceived Parental Activity of Mothers, Fathers, and Grandmothers in Three-Generational Black Families

Grandmothers, mothers, fathers, and children between the ages of 8-14 reported their perceptions of adult childrearing activities. For the 60 participating families, there were two levels of family structure, single-parent or dual-parent, two levels of grandmother's domicile, living with the family or living in the local community, and the sex of the child. The results indicated grandmothers perceived themselves and were perceived as having more active involvement with children when they lived with their single adult daughter than in the other conditions. Also fathers of sons were perceived as more involved with their children than were the fathers of daughters. Generally, these findings indicated that Black family patterns are more complex than previously assumed.

Parental Plans for Children's Sex Education

Parents of preschoolers in Oregon were surveyed about their future plans for educating their children about 15 aspects of human sexuality. Questions examined the topics parents planned to present their views about when they would introduce them and their anticipated level of comfort in discussing sexual information. Comparisons were made of the responses given by mothers of daughters mothers of sons fathers of daughters and fathers of sons. Specific recommendations are given for family practitioners seeking to increase parental involvement in childrens sex education. (authors modified)

My Daughter's Father

My Daughter's Father