The father-son dyad is important both because the father significantly influences his son's social development, adjustment and identification throughout childhood and adolescence, and because the quality of the communication and the relationship appears most crucial for the outcome of the father's influence (Andry, 1960; Bronfenbrenner, 1961; Dubbe, 1965; Earle, 1967; Gray, 1959; Grinker, 1962; Hoffman, 1961; Loeffler, Berdie & Roth, 1969; Mussen, 1961; Mussen & Distler, 1959; Offer, 1969; Payne & Mussen, 1956; Sears, 1961; Van Manen, 1968). In adolescence, father and son experience mutual developmental needs. The son's developmental tasks are to attain independence and to form his identity (Erikson, 1968). The father's developmental tasks are to successfully launch his son and to become more of a peer with his son. The son's identity formation is based upon his identification (Erikson, 1968), and thus it is important for the son to perceive his father as caring, warm and understanding because these qualities are related to strong identification with the father (Mussen, 1961; Mussen & Distler,