Fasting Blood Glucose In Group Research Articles

Association of impaired fasting glucose with cardiometabolic multimorbidity: TheKailuan study.

We investigated the association between impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) in the Chinese population. We included 119,368 participants, free of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, who participated in the health examination (2006, 2008, 2010) of the Kailuan Study. According to World Health Organization diagnostic criteria, participants were divided into normal fasting blood glucose (FBG) (<6.1 mmol/L) and IFG (FBG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L) groups. CMM was defined as having two or more cardiometabolic diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes mellitus. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate associations between IFG and CMM. During a median follow-up period of 13.94 years, 2,432 CMM incident events occurred. After adjusting potential confounders, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for CMM in the IFG group was 2.83 (95% CI 2.58-3.10) versus the normal FBG group. The HR of IFG for diabetes mellitus was 3.43 (95% CI 3.30-3.55), which was >1.25 (95% CI 1.13-1.37) for myocardial infarction, 1.16 (95% CI 1.07-1.25) for ischemic stroke and 1.06 (95% CI 0.88-1.27) for hemorrhagic stroke. Compared with normal FBG, HRs for risk of IFG for CMM were 2.73 (95% CI 2.48-3.02) in men and 3.86 (95% CI 2.92-5.09) in women. IFG was a risk factor for CMM. The effect of IFG on diabetes mellitus was stronger than that on other cardiometabolic diseases. The effects of IFG for CMM differed by sex.

The Association Between Components of Metabolic Syndrome and Abnormal Electrocardiograms in the Saudi Population: A Retrospective Study.

Saudi Arabia has a high metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence. Having MetS increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD mortality, and myocardial infarction (MI). There is a lack of information regarding MetS and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in Saudi Arabian populations. Further, it is unclear to what extent MetS components are associated with abnormal ECGs in Saudi populations. We investigated whether ECG abnormalities and MetS are associated with Saudi adults. Furthermore, we assessed the relationship between ECG abnormalities and the components of MetS based on the age and gender of the individuals. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on 208 patients with MetS. Participants' clinical and laboratory data were examined. A detailed analysis of the ECG was performed. ECG abnormalities were divided into minor and major abnormalities based on Novacode criteria. In addition to ischemic ECG findings, the ECG showed prolonged PR intervals, prolonged P duration, prolonged QRS duration, and prolonged QTc intervals. Results: One hundred and thirty-seven participants (65.9%) had elevated fasting blood glucose (FBS), 129 had central obesity (62%), 93 had high blood pressure (BP) (44.7%), 74 had elevated triglycerides (35.6%), and 49 had low high-density lipoprotein (23.6%).An abnormal ECG was found in 86 (41.3%) participants. It consisted of ischemic ECGs, atrioventricular (AV) block (first and second degrees), bundle branch block (right bundle branch block [RBBB], left bundle branch block [LBBB], RBBB with left anterior hemiblock, RBBB with right anterior hemiblock), arrhythmias (premature ventricular contractions [PVCs], premature atrial complexes [PACs], atrial fibrillation [AF], sinus bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia), prolonged QTc, prolonged PR interval, and prolonged QRS duration. There were 29 (13.9%) cases with multiple ECG abnormalities, 57 (27.4%) had one abnormal ECG, 42 (20.2%) had minor abnormal ECGs, and 44 (21.2%) had major abnormal ECGs. Middle-aged and elderly males accounted for the majority of these ECG changes. In the central obesity group, 22 participants (10.6%) had ischemic ECGs, 18 (8.7%) had prolonged QTc, 10 (4.8%) had first-degreeAV block, 6 (2.9%) had sinus bradycardia, 7 (3.4%) had RBBB, 4 (1.9%) had LBBB, 3 (1.4%) had PVCs, 2 (1%) had ventricular preexcitation, and one (0.5%) had PACs. An elevated FBS group included 19 participants (9.1%) with an ischemic ECG, 18 (8.7%) with a prolonged QTc, 11 (5.3%) with a first-degreeAV block, 9 (4.3%) with sinus bradycardia, 6 (2.9%) with slight ST-T abnormality, 5 (2.4%) with RBBB, and 5 (2.4%) with LBBB. Finally, one (0.5%) of these patients had second-degreeAV block, RBBB with left anterior hemiblock, left anterior hemiblock, PVCs, AF, ventricular preexcitation, and sinus arrhythmia for each. Saudi Arabian populations with MetS were strongly associated with abnormal ECG findings, particularly ischemic ECG findings, AV block (firstand second degrees), and BBB (RBBB, LBBB). Middle-aged and elderly males accounted for the majority of these ECG changes. The most important factors contributing to ECG changes were elevated FBS and central obesity.

Effects of an Impaired Fasting Glucose on the Left Atrial Strain Evaluated by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography.

Background and Objectives: Similar to diabetes, the presence of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function (DD) has been reported in various studies which were conducted with people with a diagnosis of an impaired fasting blood glucose (FBG). This study aimed to examine the effects of the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels on the left atrial strain (LAS) estimated by two-dimensional echocardiography speckle tracking analyses in patients without known diabetes. Material and Methods: The study included 148 participants (74 female and 74 male) without a history of diabetes mellitus or chronic disease. The patients were divided into two groups as follows: individuals with an FBG < 100 mg/dL and those with an FBG between 100 and 125 mg/dL after at least 8 h of overnight fasting. According to these FBG levels, speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) measures were compared. Results: There was a significant decrease in the LA reservoir (52.3 ± 15 vs. 44.5 ± 10.7; p = 0.001) and conduit strain (36.9 ± 11.7 vs. 28.4 ± 9.7; p = 0.001) in the impaired FBG group. When the STE findings of both ventricles were compared, no significant difference was observed between the groups in right and left ventricular strain imaging. Conclusions: In the earliest stage of LVDD, changes in atrial functional parameters become particularly evident. Echocardiographic analyses of these parameters can help to diagnose and determine the degree of LVDD while the morphological parameters are still normal. The addition of LAS imaging to routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) studies in patients with an impaired FBG but without a DM diagnosis may be helpful in demonstrating subclinical LVDD or identifying patients at risk for LVDD in this patient group.

Correlation of Fructosamine and HbA1c (Glycosylated Haemoglobin) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background: In 2015, India had 69.2 million diabetes and 36.5 million impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) people (20-79yrs) which are expected to rise to 123.5 million and 63.6 million by 2040 respectively. Therefore need for assessing correct glycemic status of patients of Diabetes Mellitus as well as Diabetes Mellitus patients with CKD at correct time becomes necessary. Use of Fructosamine for the analysis of blood glucose levels might give better, comparatively fast results in these patients. Aims: The purpose of this study was to find out the correlation between Fasting Blood sugar, Fructosamine and HbA1c( Glycosylated haemoglobin) in patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without kidney disease Method: A total of 100 patients were taken and divided into 2 groups: Group A (n=50) – Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Group B (n=50)- Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease. 50 healthy controls (without DM and CKD) were taken. Result: Mean value of Fasting blood glucose in Group A – 186mg/dL SD- 52.2; Group B-182mg/dL, SD - 49.4. (t=0.781, p=0.437).The patients with DM and CKD (Group B) had lower levels of mean HbA1c (6.93%) as compared to Group A (DM), mean HbA1c -8.4%.There was significant difference between the groups (t=5.396, p&lt;0.001). The mean of Fructosamine in Group A-439, SD-127 , Group B-421,SD-112.(t=0.757,p=0.451).Our study also showed that in different stages of CKD ,there was no statistical difference between Fructosamine and HbA1c (HbA1c Vs GFR: r= - 0, 038, p=0.817, Fructosamine Vs GFR :r= -0.057, p=0.726). Conclusion: Serum Fructosamine is superior to HbA1c in assessing blood glucose control in Diabetes Mellitus patients with CKD.

Relation of Red Cell Distribution Width to Glucose Metabolism and Adverse Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Red cell distribution width (RDW) reflects the heterogeneity of red blood cell size. However, few studies examined whether RDW is related to glucose metabolism indices, such as fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), diabetic mellitus (DM) state or long-term outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. A total of 448 consecutive patients with ACS were enrolled in this study. All patients were followed up for major cardiovascular adverse events (MACEs), and the mean follow-up was 952 days. Linear regression analysis showed that RDW inversely correlated with FBG but not HbA1c or DM. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis demonstrated that higher RDW levels were significantly positively associated with MACEs in the whole study population and the ACS patients with high FBG but not the low FBG group. Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed the independent function of RDW on MACEs in all ACS patients and ACS patients with high FBG. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated the optimal cutoff value of RDW for MACEs. We first reported that higher RDW was associated with decreased FBG but not HbA1c or DM and an increased risk of MACEs in patients with ACS. This relationship was also found in ACS patients with higher FBG levels but not in ACS patients with lower FBG.

Elevated fasting glucose level increases the risk of fatty liver disease: a 10-year study of 31,154 individuals

ObjectivesDysglycemia promotes the occurrence of fatty liver disease (FLD). However, the process is unclear. This study aimed to analyze the median time-to-onset, cumulative prevalence and influencing factors for the occurrence of FLD in people undergoing routine screening and evaluation.MethodsData from Karamay Central Hospital (September 2008–April 2017) were analyzed. Survival analysis was performed to calculate the median time and cumulative prevalence of FLD associated with normal and elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine risk factors.ResultsA total of 31,154 participants were included in the two cohorts of this study, including 15,763 men. The mean age was 41.1 ± 12.2 years. There were 2230 patients (1725 male) in the elevated FBG group, the median age was 53 years (range 21–85 years), the median time-to-onset of FLD was 5.2 years. The incidence of FLD was 121/1000 person-years, and the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year prevalence rates were 4%, 30%, 49%, and 64%, respectively. The normal FBG group included 28,924 participants (14,038 male), the median age was 40 years (range 17–87 years), and the corresponding values were as follows: 8.3 years, 66/1000 person-years, and 3%, 16%, 28%, and 41%, respectively. The Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that age, blood pressure, FBG, body mass index and triglycerides were independent influencing factors for FLD in individuals (P < 0.05).ConclusionsElevated FBG levels increase the risk of FLD and should be treated promptly.

Association between serum gamma glutamyl transferase and fasting blood glucose in Chinese people: A 6-year follow-up study.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationships between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) during a 6-year follow-up study of participants, and to determine whether GGT is a risk factor for FBG. A total of 1,369 individuals from the health examination survey in the urban area of Xuzhou, central China, were followed up for 6 years. The patients were divided into four groups based on their baseline GGT levels (in quartiles). The one-way analysis of variance (anova) method was used to compare the differences between the variables and baseline. The relationship between GGT and FBG levels was investigated using repeated measurements anova. The grouping of baseline GGT levels affected the changes in blood glucose during the 6-year follow-up study. In the GGT quartile subgroups, the annual mean increase in FBG levels showed a positive relationship with baseline GGT levels. This trend was even more aggregated in the highest baseline GGT group. Interactions among time course, baseline FBG and GGT groups in different participants together affected the change of FBG levels during the follow-up period. The repeated measures anova suggested that different baseline GGT groups were still significantly associated with increased FBG levels. GGT is a risk factor that affects FBG levels(P < 0.001). The annual mean increase in FBG levels showed a positive relationship with baseline GGT levels. Higher baseline GGT levels resulted in a faster annual mean increase in FBG. Thus, GGT can be used for the early detection of FBG-related disorders of glucose metabolism for clinical application.

The usefulness of the estimated average glucose/fasting blood glucose ratio for pancreatic β-cell function assessment in hyperglycemia during health checkups.

BackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a disease marked by inadequate insulin secretion by pancreatic beta‐cell function (BCF) failure and insulin resistance (IR). Assessing and managing the BCF and IR should be started early to prevent or delay the progression of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the estimated average glucose (eAG)/fasting blood glucose (FBG) ratio for pancreatic BCF in hyperglycemia.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study consecutively selected 10,594 subjects who underwent a health checkup at 16 health checkup centers in 13 Korean cities between 2019 and 2021. The subjects consisted of 3003 patients with normoglycemia, 3413 with impaired fasting glucose and 4178 with T2DM. The eAG was calculated using Nathan's regression equation. BCF and IR were estimated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)‐β and HOMA‐IR, respectively. Multivariate (adjusted) regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the eAG/FBG ratio and HOMA.ResultsThe median values among FBG groups for the eAG/FBG ratio, HOMA‐β, ‐IR and insulin differed significantly (p < 0.001). The second‐, third‐ and fourth‐quartile groups of the eAG/FBG ratio had positive higher correlation coefficients [9.533, 10.080 and 12.021, respectively (all p < 0.001)] for HOMA‐β than the first quartile group, and higher negative coefficients for HOMA‐IR [−0.696, −0.727 and −0.598, respectively (all p = 0.001)].ConclusionThe eAG/FBG ratio was significantly correlated with both HOMA‐β and ‐IR, which suggests that eAG/FBG ratio reveals BCF and IR in hyperglycemia. Measurement of this ratio could be useful for monitoring BCF and IR in prediabetes and T2DM.

Weaker Response to XueBiJing Treatment in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients With Higher Body Mass Index or Hyperglycemia: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Overweight and hyperglycemia might result in poor prognosis in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). XueBiJing treatment could significantly improve the outcomes of patients with SCAP. We investigated the efficacy of XueBiJing injection in patients with SCAP stratified by body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of XueBiJing trial, a large prospective, randomized, controlled study conducted in 33 hospitals in China. We compared data from non-overweight (BMI <24 kg/m2, n = 425) vs. overweight (BMI ≥24 kg/m2, n = 250) patients as well as non-hyperglycemia (FBG <7 mmol/L, n = 315) vs. hyperglycemia (FBG ≥7 mmol/L, n = 360) patients with XueBiJing, 100 ml, q12 h, or a visually indistinguishable placebo treatment for 5–7 days. Results: Among patients with BMI <24 kg/m2 (n = 425), 33 (15.3%), XueBiJing recipients and 52 (24.9%) placebo recipients (p = 0.0186) died within 28 days. Among patients with BMI ≥24 kg/m2 (n = 250), XueBiJing recipients still had lower mortality (XueBiJing 16.9% vs. placebo 24.2%; p = 0.2068) but without significantly statistical difference. For the FBG group, patients with FBG <7 mmol/L (n = 315), 18 (11.2%) XueBiJing recipients and 32 (20.8%) placebo recipients (p = 0.030) died within 28 days. Among patients with FBG ≥7 mmol/L (n = 360), XueBiJing recipients still had lower mortality (XueBiJing 20.2% vs. placebo 27.8%; p = 0.120) but without significantly statistical difference. The total duration of the ICU stay and the duration of mechanical ventilation were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Overweight or hyperglycemia might weaken the efficacy of XueBiJing injection in the treatment of SCAP as indicated by the significant elevated risk of 28-day mortality. Additional studies are needed to validate our findings and to further understand the underlying mechanisms.

Joint Associations between Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Glycemic Status, and First Stroke in General Hypertensive Adults: Results from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT)

BackgroundAssociations between vitamin D and stroke remain inconsistent. One major risk factor for stroke is high blood glucose, but the role it plays in this association is not well studied. ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the individual association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and risk of first stroke stratified by fasting blood glucose (FBG), and the joint associations between plasma 25(OH)D, glycemic status, and first stroke in hypertensive adults. MethodsThis study was a nested, case-control design utilizing data from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT). This analysis included 591 first stroke cases (of which 475 were ischemic stroke, 114 were hemorrhagic stroke, and 2 were uncertain type) and 591 matched controls. The age range of the study population was 45–75 y. The normal FBG (NFG) group had FBG <5.6 mmol/L, and the impaired FBG (IFG) group had FBG ≥5.6 mmol/L and <7.0 mmol/L. Diabetes was defined as participants with FBG ≥7 mmol/L or who were receiving treatment with hypoglycemic agents. ORs (95% CIs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression models. ResultsMultivariable adjusted models revealed an inverse association between quartiles of 25(OH)D and risk of first stroke among participants with NFG, but the opposite trend was observed for those with IFG or diabetes. The largest ORs (>2) were observed among patients with diabetes, compared with the reference group of NFG and high 25(OH)D. Those with NFG and low 25(OH)D (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.44) or those with IFG and high 25(OH)D (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.67) both had a higher risk of total stroke. There was a significant interaction between 25(OH)D and a combined group of IFG and diabetes (P = 0.001). Similar results were observed for ischemic stroke. ConclusionsIn a hypertensive population, the relation between plasma 25(OH)D and risk of first stroke was significantly modified by FBG. This trial was registered at https://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00794885.

Analysis of Balanced Diet Index Score with Fasting Blood Glucose in Adult in SDN X Sidoarjo

Adherence to Pedoman Gizi Seimbang is one of important part of non-communicable diseases prevention. Diet quality and quantity need to be assessed, thus it can detect the risk of non-communicable diseases. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) has been used in many previous studies as an indicator to examine the relationship between diet quality and disease biomarker, like fasting blood glucose (FBG). In Indonesia, the HEI has been modified to Indeks Gizi Seimbang (IGS). However there is no study that examine the relationship between IGS score and biomarker such as FBG yet. This study objective was to analyze the correlation between IGS score and FBG in adult in SDN X Sidoarjo. A cross sectional study design with 30 respondents. IGS4-105 score was measured by 2-days repeated 24h-recall, while FBG by using Glucostick method. Mann Whitney and Spearman test were performed to analyze the study results. The respondents' vegetable intake was relatively low (55.4 grams/day), while the intake of total fat (32.6%-e), saturated fat (16.7%-e), and added sugar (6.8%-e) were excessive. The intake of vegetables and non-dairy animal foods was significantly different between normal FBG group and high FBG group (respectively p value: 0.046, 0.011). The mean score of IGS4-105 was 52.3. There was no significant relationship between the IGS4-105 score and the FBG, but a positive relationship was found between the IGS score for animal foods and the FBG (r = 0.38; p = 0.04). A higher FBG was found in the group with a higher animal food IGS score.

Frequency of Detection of the Main Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Events Among Servicemen

Frequency of Detection of the Main Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Events Among Servicemen

Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference was Risk Factors for Increased Fasting Blood Sugar, and Hemoglobin A1c in Korean Adults without Diabetes Mellitus

Purpose: This study confirmed the effects of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) on fasting blood glucose (FBS) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in adults without diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The subjects were 4,659 adults (≥20 years), and data were extracted from the 6th National Health and Nutrition Survey 2015 (KNHANES VI-3). The subject’s data were analyzed using a complex sample t-test, χ2-test, and multiple logistic regression analysis (SPSS 24.0). Results: The incidence of the high FBS group was increased 1.60 times in males with a WC ≥90 cm and 1.78 times in females with a WC ≥85 cm. The incidence of the high HbA1c group was increased 1.54 times in those who were overweight and 2.22 times in those who were obese. The incidence of the high HbA1c group was increased 1.99 times in males with a WC ≥90 cm and 1.87 times in females with a WC ≥85 cm. Conclusion: This study presented evidence that interventions for BMI and WC should be included in DM prevention programs. It also suggested that these findings can be utilized for early detection of DM.

The effect of combined supplementation with vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids on blood glucose and blood lipid levels in patients with gestational diabetes.

To investigate the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids on glucose and blood lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes (GDM) women. A total of 150 patients with GDM aged 18-40 who were admitted to our hospital from May 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled in this study. The subjects were divided into test and control groups according to whether they took vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids. The test group took 40,000 IU of vitamin D and 8,000 mg of omega-3 fatty acids twice a day. Comparative analysis of the changes in blood glucose and blood lipid levels of the two groups of patients was performed after 6 weeks. The t-test was used to compare the differences between groups, and the chi-square test was used to assess percentage differences. Repeated measures variance was used to analyze the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids on insulin metabolism markers and blood lipid profiles. After adjusting for baseline age and weight, it was found that the fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the test group were decreased by 0.3±0.2 mmol/L, 1.0±0.6 uIU/mL, 0.2±0.1, 0.3±0.1 mmol/L, 0.5±0.2 mmol/L, 1.1±0.4 mmol/L, and 0.03±0.01 mmol/L, respectively, while homeostasis model assessment of beta cell (HOMA-β) was increased by 0.4±0.1. Compared to the placebo group, the test group's FBG, insulin, HOMA-IR, TGs, total cholesterol, LDL, and VLDL were all significantly decreased, and HOMA-β was markedly improved. However, no notable statistical difference was observed in the change of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P>0.05). Combined supplementation with vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids for 6 weeks in patients with GDM can effectively reduce blood sugar and blood lipids, improve HOMA-β and insulin resistance, and ultimately effectively improve the glucose and lipid metabolism of patients.

Fasting Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, and Risk of Primary Liver Cancer: The Kailuan Study.

PurposeThe influence of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and cholesterolemia primary liver cancer (PLC) in China was analyzed via a large prospective cohort study based on a community population, and the combined effects between them were investigated.Materials and MethodsOverall, 98,936 staff from the Kailuan Group who participated in and finished physical examinations between 2006 and 2007 were included in the cohort study. Their medical information was collected and they were followed up after examination. The correlations of serum FBG or total cholesterol (TC) with PLC were analyzed. Then, we categorized all staff into four groups: normal FBG/non-hypocholesterolemia, normal FBG/hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBG/non-hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBG/hypocholesterolemia, and normal FBG/non-hypocholesterolemia was used as a control group. The combined effects of elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia with PLC were analyzed using the Age-scale Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsDuring 1,134,843.68 person-years follow-up, a total of 388 PLC cases occurred. We found the elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia increase the risk for PLC, respectively. Compared with the non-hypocholesterolemia/normal FBG group, the risk of PLC was significantly increased in the non-hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (hazard artio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88 to 1.62) and hypocholesterolemia/normal FBG group (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.97), and in the hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR, 3.16; 95% CI, 2.13 to 4.69). And, a significant interaction effect was found of FBG and TC on PLC. All results were independent from the influence of liver disease.ConclusionElevated serum FBG and hypocholesterolemia are risk factors for PLC, especially when combined. Thus, for the prevention and treatment of PLC, serum FBG and TC levels should be investigated.

Impact of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and adipose hormones with Insulin Resistant on obese aborted women

This study was carried out at Baghdad hospital in, for the period from November 2018 to July 2019. The study included (151) aborted obese women whose ages ranged between (18–41) years with positive Toxoplasma gondii infection. They were divided into two groups according to the body mass index (BMI) value: Group 1: consisted of 61 women with BMI less than 30, Group 2: consisted of (90) women with BMI greater than 30. The control group included (52) healthy volunteer women aged 19–41 years with negative Toxoplasma for comparison of the results. The case and controls were matched for age and gender. Serum samples were tested for fasting blood sugar, insulin, IgG, and IgM of Toxoplasma, Leptin, and Adiponectin as well as insulin resistance index. The results showed that the age factor was not significant between group 1 and group 2 when compared with the healthy group, and there was no significant change between group 2 comparing to group1. In this study, the result of BMI showed substantial increase in group 1, while highly marked increase in group 2 when both groups were compared with the control group. Finally, the levels of Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies showed a highly significant increase in the two patient groups in comparison with the control group. An increase in mean value of leptin concentration was noticeable in group 1 and group 2 with a highly significant difference when compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in the levels of fasting blood glucose in Group 1 and Group 2 compared to the control group. Also, a significant difference in HOMA-IR and QUICK- IR was observed in the patient groups once associated control group. Data revealed a considerable difference with the glucose/insulin ratio in group 1, but a highly significant was noticed in group 2 when compared with the control group. HOMA-AD results showed a significant difference in Group 1 and a highly significant decrease in Group 2.

Predictive value of random blood glucose versus fasting blood glucose on in-hospital adverse events in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction

BackgroundWe aim to find out the relationship between random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and in-hospital adverse events in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. We evaluate and compare the predictive value of RBG and FBG on in-hospital adverse events, and give an appropriate cut-off value of RBG and FBG.MethodA retrospective study enrolled 958 consecutive AMI patients undergoing emergency coronary angiography at Zhongda Hospital were enrolled from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018 was performed. RBG and FBG, baseline data and adverse events were recorded. Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were defined as death, nonfatal recurrent myocardial infarction and stroke. Other adverse events included malignant arrhythmia, cardiac shock and hemorrhage. Patients with RBG > 11.1 mmol/L were divided into elevated RBG group. Patients with FBG > 6.1 mmol/L were divided into elevated FBG group. The incidence of in-hospital adverse events were compared in elevated RBG/FBG group and the control group. ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of RBG and FBG on in-hospital adverse events.ResultThe incidence of death, hemorrhage, cardiac shock and malignant arrhythmia significantly increases in elevated RBG and FBG group. Binary logistic regression showed that age, hypertension, diabetes, FBG and RBG were independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in STEMI patients. The AUC and 95% CI of RBG and FBG in predicting death of AMI patients were 0.789, 0.759~0.816; 0.810, 0.783~0.835, respectively. The cut-off values ​were 13.82 and 7.35 mmol/L. RBG and FBG also had fine predictive value on cardiac shock and malignant arrhythmia, no statistical difference was found in the predictive value on in-hospital adverse events (P = 0.462, P = 0.570, P = 0.694).ConclusionIncidence of in-hospital adverse events significantly increases in AMI patients combined with elevated RBG or FBG. Both RBG and FBG were independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events, they had good value on predicting in-hospital adverse events and there was no statistical difference in their predictive value.

Postoperative Fasting Blood Glucose Predicts Prognosis in Stage I-III Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Resection.

Purpose The relationship between high blood glucose and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been studied, but the role of postoperative fasting blood glucose (FBG) in patients with a prior normal FBG has never been addressed. Methods A total of 120 CRC patients staged I-III were enrolled, and the prognostic value of postoperative FBG for disease-free survival (DFS) was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to test other clinicopathological parameters, including preoperative hemoglobin (HGB) and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Results By a cut-off point of 5.11 mmol/L, 51 and 69 patients were divided into low postoperative FBG (<5.11 mmol/L) and high postoperative FBG (≥5.11 mmol/L) groups, respectively. A high postoperative FBG was more common in older age (P = 0.01), left-located tumor (P = 0.02), smaller tumor diameter (P = 0.01), node negative involvement (P = 0.01), lesser positive lymph nodes (P = 0.02), and high preoperative HGB (P = 0.01). Further, high postoperative FBG patients displayed a significantly better DFS than low postoperative FBG patients (48.80 ± 22.12 months vs. 40.06 ± 24.36 months, P = 0.04), but it was less likely to be an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions Postoperative FBG plays a temporal prognostic role for patients with stage I-III CRC with a prior normal FBG, but it is not an independent prognostic factor.

ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF L-CARNITINE ADMINISTRATION IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC ALBINO WISTAR RATS

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidative effects of L-carnitine in alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Isra University, Hyderabad from June 2017 to August 2017. Thirty-six albino wistar male rats were equally divided into 3 groups (n=12/group); group A (control), group B (alloxan 150mg/kg intraperitoneally) and group C (alloxan 150mg/kg intraperitoneally + L-carnitine 500mg/kg orally for 21 days). Diabetes was induced in group B and C by single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan 150mg/kg body weight and rats having blood glucose >200mg/dl were labeled as diabetic rats and included in study. Biochemical (blood glucose, serum insulin and glutathione peroxidase) and histopathological analysis of pancreas was performed in all three experimental groups. RESULTS: Post-experimental body weight in groups A, B and C were noted as 249.58±6.63, 199.08±12.18, 210.58±5.14 grams respectively. The fasting blood glucose in groups A, B and C were noted as 104.58±7.05, 221.25±8.22, 110.17±12.85 mg/dl respectively (P<0.001). Serum insulin in groups A, B and C was noted as 1.45±0.083, 0.31±0.16, 1.74±0.23 ηg/ml respectively (P<0.001). Glutathione peroxidase levels in groups A, B and C were noted as 1.45±0.17, 0.93±0.11, 1.74±0.17 ηg/ml respectively (P<0.001). Histopathology of pancreas showed reduction in size (mean islet diameter 157±1.5 µm) and number of islets of Langerhans in diabetic rats, while L-carnitine treated rats have shown compensatory increase in size of islets of Langerhans (mean islet diameter 210±6.3 µm). CONCLUSION: L-carnitine therapy is a potent anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidative regimen capable of reducing blood glucose and increasing plasma anti-oxidant levels.

Impact of Rutin and Vitamin C combination on oxidative stress and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Vitamin C alone and in combination with Rutin on the glycemic control, insulin resistance, lipid profile and oxidative stress markers in patients with type 2 diabetes. A prospective, randomized, controlled study conducted on 53 type 2 diabetes patients randomized into 3 groups; (group A) 20 received Rutin with vitamin C, (group B) 20receivedvitamin C and (group C)13 received antidiabetic treatment only. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin, Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Lipid profile and patients' quality of life (QOL) using SF-36 questionnaire were assessed in all patients at baseline and after 8 weeks. At baseline, the 3 groups were comparable while FBG was lower in group C versus group A and B (p=0.0021). After 8 weeks, a significant reduction was observed in % change of FBG in groups A and B versus group C (p=0.0165, 0.0388 respectively). Low Density Lipoprotien-cholesterol (LDL-c) and Total cholesterol (TC) levels significantly improved in group B versus baseline (p=0.0239,0.0166 respectively). QOL, physical functioning and energy domains improved significantly in group A versus group C (p=0.0049, 0.0253 respectively), while role limitation to physical health and to emotional problem improved significantly in group B versus group C (p=0.0267,0.0280 respectively). Vitamin C supplementation alone or with Rutin significantly reduced the % change of FBG compared to controls but had no effect on HbA1c, FBG,TC, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR or oxidative stress in T2DMpatients. NCT03437902.