Fast Decay Research Articles

Opposite summer precipitation anomalies over the Maritime Continent in fast and slow decaying El Niño cases

Summer precipitation over the Maritime Continent (MC) is tightly connected to livelihoods of the locals, and the corresponding strong convective activities are also crucial to Asian regional climate variations remotely. Using observational and reanalysis data from 1958 to 2020, we found that El Niño with different decay rates can cause different summer precipitation anomalies in the MC area. In the fast decaying (FD) El Niño summer, the MC area shows a precipitation surplus, while the MC precipitation decreases during the slow decaying (SD) El Niño summer. For the FD El Niño, the equatorial central-eastern Pacific warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly quickly turns into cold in the decaying summer, while the SST over MC region sustains a warm anomaly owing to the Indo-western Pacific Ocean capacitor effect. This local warm SST anomaly leads to anomalous ascent and then excessive precipitation, further stimulating low-level easterly wind to east of the MC with increased water vapor transport. For the SD El Niño, the central-eastern Pacific warm SST anomaly sustains till the decaying summer, continuously adjusting the Walker circulation. An anomalous local descent motion associated with the weakened Walker circulation region hampers the MC precipitation in summer. Our findings benefit the local researches of the MC summer climate variations, and potentially favor the regional climate predictions.

Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Mixed-Leaf Litter Decomposition on Nutrient Cycling.

Understanding decomposition patterns of mixed-leaf litter from agroforestry species is crucial, as leaf litter in ecosystems naturally occurs as mixtures rather than as separate individual species. We hypothesized that litter mixtures with larger trait divergence would lead to faster mass loss and more balanced nutrient release compared to single-species litter. Specifically, we expected mixtures containing nutrient-rich species to exhibit synergistic effects, resulting in faster decay rates and sustained nutrient release, while mixtures with nutrient-poor species would demonstrate antagonistic effects, slowing decomposition. We conducted a mesocosm experiment using a custom wooden setup filled with soil, and the litterbag method was used to test various leaf litter mixtures. The study involved leaf litter from six agroforestry tree species: three species from humid highland regions and three from semi-arid regions. Treatments included three single-species leaf litter mixtures, three two-species mixtures, and one three-species mixture, based on the sampling region. Species included Calliandra calothyrsus (Ca), Croton megalocarpus (Cr), Grevillea robusta (G), Alnus acuminata (A), Markhamia lutea (M), and Eucalyptus globulus (E). Decay rate constants (k) were estimated using non-linear least-squares regression and observed mass loss was compared to predicted values for mixed-species litter treatments to assess synergistic and antagonistic effects. A two-way linear mixed-effects model was employed to explain variation in mass loss. Results indicate positive non-additive effects for leaf litter mixtures including nutrient-rich species and negative non-additive effects for mixtures including nutrient-poor species. The mixture of Ca + Cr + G had positive non-additive or synergistic effects as it decomposed faster than its corresponding single-species litter. Leaf litters with higher lignin content, such as A + M + E and Ca + Cr + G, exhibited less lignin release compared to what would be expected based on individual litter types, demonstrating antagonistic effects. These findings highlight that both litter nutrient constituents and litter diversity play an important role in decomposition processes and therefore in the restoration of the degraded and nutrient-depleted soils of Rwanda.

A Method for Rapid Inducible RNA Decay.

Modulating RNA decay is apowerful tool to investigate RNA degradation dynamics. Here, we describe a protocol to inducibly recruit protein factors to regulate target RNA metabolism, called Rapid Inducible Decay of RNA (RIDR). RIDR induces fast and synchronous decay of target mRNAs within minutesandenables direct visualization of mRNA decay dynamics and subcellular kinetics in living cells. Here, we provide detailed procedures to make stable cell lines, conduct fixed- and live-cell measurements, and perform data analysis. We discuss the potential pitfalls and make RIDR applicable to a general biology lab.

Salt-Concentrated Electrolyte Constructing High Elasticity Modulus Interphase for Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode.

Stable electrolytes are urgently required for lithium-ion batteries based on lithium-rich layered oxides (LLOs), which generally suffer from fast capacity and voltage decay at high voltages up to 4.8 V. Herein, we report a salt-concentrated electrolyte consisting of 4 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) salt in ester solvents of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) to alleviate the above challenges. The solvent structure in the 4 M electrolyte shows more volatile DMC integrated with Li+ and more free antioxidative FEC compared with a 1 M electrolyte, broadening the operation voltage. Simultaneously, this electrolyte endows a thin yet high elasticity modulus LiF-rich interphase on the LLOs surface, which can effectively prevent diverse side reactions and transition metal migration, consequently improving the electrochemical performance with a voltage decay of only 0.46 mV/cycle and capacity retention of 80.3% after 500 cycles. This simple and effective approach boosts the development of high-energy-density batteries using LLOs.

Deep Ultraviolet Excitation Photoluminescence Characteristics and Correlative Investigation of Al-Rich AlGaN Films on Sapphire.

AlGaN is attractive for fabricating deep ultraviolet (DUV) optoelectronic and electronic devices of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, high-electron-mobility field-effect transistors (HEMTs), etc. We investigated the quality and optical properties of AlxGa1-xN films with high Al fractions (60-87%) grown on sapphire substrates, including AlN nucleation and buffer layers, by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). They were initially investigated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD) and Raman scattering (RS). A set of formulas was deduced to precisely determine x(Al) from HR-XRD data. Screw dislocation densities in AlGaN and AlN layers were deduced. DUV (266 nm) excitation RS clearly exhibits AlGaN Raman features far superior to visible RS. The simulation on the AlGaN longitudinal optical (LO) phonon modes determined the carrier concentrations in the AlGaN layers. The spatial correlation model (SCM) analyses on E2(high) modes examined the AlGaN and AlN layer properties. These high-x(Al) AlxGa1-xN films possess large energy gaps Eg in the range of 5.0-5.6 eV and are excited by a DUV 213 nm (5.8 eV) laser for room temperature (RT) photoluminescence (PL) and temperature-dependent photoluminescence (TDPL) studies. The obtained RTPL bands were deconvoluted with two Gaussian bands, indicating cross-bandgap emission, phonon replicas, and variation with x(Al). TDPL spectra at 20-300 K of Al0.87Ga0.13N exhibit the T-dependences of the band-edge luminescence near 5.6 eV and the phonon replicas. According to the Arrhenius fitting diagram of the TDPL spectra, the activation energy (19.6 meV) associated with the luminescence process is acquired. In addition, the combined PL and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectroscopic system with DUV 213 nm pulse excitation was applied to measure a typical AlGaN multiple-quantum well (MQW). The RT TRPL decay spectra were obtained at four wavelengths and fitted by two exponentials with fast and slow decay times of ~0.2 ns and 1-2 ns, respectively. Comprehensive studies on these Al-rich AlGaN epi-films and a typical AlGaN MQW are achieved with unique and significant results, which are useful to researchers in the field.

Performance study of a new LiCAF:Ce detector developed for high-efficient neutron detection in intense γ-ray fields

When detecting fast and thermal neutrons in intense γ-ray fields, it is challenging to discriminate between pulse signals due to neutron and γ-rays, even when using pulse-shape-discrimination techniques, because the trailing pulse signals overlap at high pulse rates. Some nuclear facilities have faced challenging problems for dispersed nuclear fuel (or nuclear fuel debris), radioactive wastes, and other radioactive materials during decommissioning. Particularly, high-efficiency neutron detection in intense γ-ray fields is required for exploring dispersed nuclear fuel and for criticality monitoring. LiCaAlF6 (LiCAF):Ce has suitable properties of high 6Li density and fast decay times for high-efficiency neutron detection in intense γ-ray fields. A new LiCAF:Ce detector with an ultra-thick (99 μm) crystal and optimized readout was developed. The neutron detection performance in an intense γ-ray field was investigated and compared to that using a Li glass (KG2) detector. The LiCAF:Ce and KG2 detectors were used to detect a sealed 252Cf neutron source (neutron emission rate of ∼ 4.11 × 105 s-1) using a 5 cm thick high-density polyethylene (HDPE) block moderator located at the front of the detector. At the air kerma rates at the front surface of the HDPE block (Ds ) of up to 1.07 Gy/h, the effective neutron count rate (n eff) for the LiCAF:Ce detector was the same within margins of errors, but it decreased by 5.7 ± 0.8% at 2.97 Gy/h. In contrast, for the KG2 detector, with Ds increased up to 1.07 Gy/h, n eff for KG2 increased up to 20 ± 1.0 % at 1.07 Gy/h. Then, n eff decreased by 20 ± 1.0% at 2.97 Gy/h. Therefore, the LiCAF:Ce detector exhibited a smaller influence on neutron count rates by γ-rays compared to the KG2 detector because of the faster decay time and optimization of digital pulse processing.

Fluorescence Modulation through the Inverted Energy Gap Law in Triply N─B←N‐Containing Windmill‐Shaped Triazines

A series of windmill‐shape heterocyclic molecules containing three N─B←N units, TBN and its derivatives, with quasi‐planar C3 symmetric backbone, are synthesized. The parent TBN exhibits a strongly allowed, doubly degenerate lowest excited state but suffers from very low fluorescence, due to very fast nonradiative decay rate through a conical intersection (CI) as revealed by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum‐chemical calculations. Introducing peripheral phenyl‐ or thienyl‐groups (Ph‐TBN or Th‐TBN) induces pronounced bathochromic shifts and enhances fluorescence, which is beneficial from inhibited nonradiative pathway by the increased energy barriers to access the CI at excited state. The understanding of this rather uncommon behaviour may open routes for the design of novel fluorescence materials.

Fluorescence Modulation through the Inverted Energy Gap Law in Triply N─B←N-Containing Windmill-Shaped Triazines.

A series of windmill-shape heterocyclic molecules containing three N─B←N units, TBN and its derivatives, with quasi-planar C3 symmetric backbone, are synthesized. The parent TBN exhibits a strongly allowed, doubly degenerate lowest excited state but suffers from very low fluorescence, due to very fast nonradiative decay rate through a conical intersection (CI) as revealed by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations. Introducing peripheral phenyl- or thienyl-groups (Ph-TBN or Th-TBN) induces pronounced bathochromic shifts and enhances fluorescence, which is beneficial from inhibited nonradiative pathway by the increased energy barriers to access the CI at excited state. The understanding of this rather uncommon behaviour may open routes for the design of novel fluorescence materials.

Mitigating Long Range Jahn‐Teller Ordering to Stabilize Mn Redox Reaction in Biphasic Layered Sodium Oxide

AbstractTo develop the next‐generation commercial oxide cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries, it is crucial to reduce the expensive Ni element content, and further regulate redox reaction of cheap transition metal elements such as Mn to elevate specific capacity. Nevertheless, the activation of Mn redox reaction (MRR) remains a challenge, and notably, MRR induces pronounced Jahn‐Teller effect, resulting in severe structural distortion and fast performance decay. Herein, activated by Na vacancies and weakened hybridization of O (2p)‐TM (3d‐t2g) orbital, a biphasic low‐Ni Mn‐based oxide P2/O3‐Na0.8Ni0.23Fe0.34Mn0.43O2 (P2/O3) exhibits reversible MRR, which performs the transition between Mn4+ and Mn3+ during charging and discharging. Due to the interlaced arrangement of P2‐type and O3‐type crystal domains in P2/O3, the long range Jahn‐Teller ordering is restricted to mitigate the cooperative distortion of MnO6 octahedron induced by MRR and the Jahn‐Teller effect is suppressed, ensuring sustained stable involvement of MRR in charge compensation. In addition, owing to the introduction of P2‐type phase, there is a significant reduction of the migration barrier for sodium ions and no obvious capacity decline after air exposure, leading to a marked enhancement in dynamic performance and air stability of P2/O3, respectively. Consequently, P2/O3 exhibits excellent electrochemical and processing performance.

Radial blow-up in quasilinear Keller-Segel systems: approaching the full picture

Abstract The Neumann problem for the Keller-Segel system { u t = ∇ ⋅ ( D ( u ) ∇ u ) − ∇ ⋅ ( S ( u ) ∇ v ) , 0 = Δ v − μ + u , μ = − ∫ Ω u d x , is considered in n-dimensional balls Ω with n ⩾ 2 , with suitably regular and radially symmetric, radially nonincreasing initial data u 0. The functions D and S are only assumed to belong to C 2 ( [ 0 , ∞ ) ) and to satisfy D > 0 and S ⩾ 0 on [ 0 , ∞ ) as well as S ( 0 ) = 0 ; in particular, diffusivities with arbitrarily fast decay are included. In this general context, it is shown that it is merely the asymptotic behavior as ξ → ∞ of the expression I ( ξ ) := S ( ξ ) ξ 2 n D ( ξ ) , ξ > 0 , which decides about the occurrence of blow-up: Namely, it is seen that • if lim ξ → ∞ I ( ξ ) = 0 , then any such solution is global and bounded, that • if lim sup ξ → ∞ I ( ξ ) < ∞ and ∫ Ω u 0 is suitably small, then the corresponding solution is global and bounded, and that • if lim inf ξ → ∞ I ( ξ ) > 0 , then at each appropriately large mass level m, there exist radial initial data u 0 such that ∫ Ω u 0 = m , and that the associated solution blows up either in finite or in infinite time. This especially reveals the presence of critical mass phenomena whenever lim ξ → ∞ I ( ξ ) ∈ ( 0 , ∞ ) exists.

Evolution of Tidal Disruption Event Disks with Magnetically Driven Winds

We present a time-dependent, one-dimensional, magnetically driven disk wind model based on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, in the context of tidal disruption events (TDEs). We assume that the disk is geometrically thin, is gas pressure dominated, and explicitly accounts for magnetic braking and turbulent viscosity through an extended α-viscosity prescription. We find a particular wind solution for a set of basic equations that satisfies the necessary and sufficient conditions for vertically unbound MHD flows. The solution shows that the disk evolves with mass loss due to wind and accretion from the initial Gaussian density distribution. We confirm that the mass accretion rate follows the power law of time t −19/16 at late times in the absence of wind, which matches the classical solution of J. K. Cannizzo et al. We find that the mass accretion rate is steeper than the t −19/16 curve when the wind is present. Mass accretion is also induced by magnetic braking, known as the wind-driven accretion mechanism, which results in a faster decay with time of both the mass accretion and mass-loss rates. In the disk emission, the ultraviolet (UV) luminosity is the highest among the optical, UV, and X-ray luminosities. While the optical and X-ray emission is observationally insignificant without magnetic braking, the X-ray emission is brighter at late times, especially in the presence of magnetic braking. This provides a possible explanation for observed delayed X-ray flares. Our model predicts that late-time bolometric light curves steeper than t −19/16 in UV-bright TDEs are potentially compelling indicators of magnetically driven winds.

Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) characteristics of four fluorite samples under green light stimulation

This study investigates the OSL properties of four natural fluorite color varieties (green, purple, blue-yellow banded and yellow) under green light stimulation. Thermoluminescence reveals two peaks, with the green sample showing the strongest glow. OSL exhibits a fast initial decay followed by a slower one, with phototransfer observed in purple and yellow. OSL intensity is linear with dose (1–30 Gy) for most samples, except yellow. Curve fitting using a first order kinetics model suggests multiple OSL components (between 3 and 5). Preheat treatment at 100 °C increases the very fast components (thermal transfer). Anomalous fading shows rapid initial decay followed by a slower one.

ESR spectroscopic analysis of fructose as a dosimeter for gamma radiation

In this research, fructose was used as a dosimeter, and ESR examined the influence of radiation dose on the dosimeter’s properties. Microwave power, g-value, and decay of response tests were carried out at doses of 1, 5, and 10 kGy. The results show that fructose possesses linearity at doses of 5 × 10−2–30 kGy. The radiation detection sensitivity of fructose is better than sucrose’s but less than alanine’s over the entire dose range. The irradiation dose influences microwave saturation on ESR intensity, occurring at 5 and 10 kGy. The microwave power for irradiated fructose ranges from 1.00 to 2.46 mW. The ESR signal intensity increases with higher radiation doses, primarily due to the formation of more free radicals. Additionally, higher radiation doses lead to faster decay of the fructose dosimeter’s response. The fructose ESR intensity stability compared to alanine and sucrose at 1, 5, and 10 kGy are alanine > sucrose > fructose, alanine > fructose > sucrose, and alanine > fructose ≈ sucrose, respectively.

Fused Hexabenzocoronene‐Porphyrin Conjugates with Tailorable Excited‐State Lifetimes

AbstractA new clear‐cut strategy for fusing N‐heterocyclic and carbon‐pure systems is introduced en route to a versatile platform of multi‐purpose tetrapyrrolic chromophores. In particular, three novel C−C bond‐fused porphyrin‐hexabenzocoronene (HBC) conjugates were synthesized under oxidative cyclodehydrogenation conditions, starting from tailor‐made nickel porphyrin precursors. The fusion of the individual aromatic systems via 5‐membered rings led to highly soluble π‐extended porphyrins in excellent yields. The resulting porphyrin‐HBC conjugates exhibit absorption cross‐sections that are of interdisciplinary interest in the ever‐growing field of organic photovoltaics and near‐infrared (NIR) dyes. Quantum chemical calculations show that the newly formed 5‐membered rings induce biradicaloid character in the porphyrin core, which has a strong impact on excited state lifetimes. This is confirmed by a thorough optoelectronic and time‐resolved characterization in order to understand these unique features better. Broadened absorption characteristics go hand‐in‐hand with short‐lived excited states with up to six orders of magnitude faster decay rates.

Fused Hexabenzocoronene-Porphyrin Conjugates with Tailorable Excited-State Lifetimes.

A new clear-cut strategy for fusing N-heterocyclic and carbon-pure systems is introduced en route to a versatile platform of multi-purpose tetrapyrrolic chromophores. In particular, three novel C-C bond-fused porphyrin-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) conjugates were synthesized under oxidative cyclodehydrogenation conditions, starting from tailor-made nickel porphyrin precursors. The fusion of the individual aromatic systems via 5-membered rings led to highly soluble π-extended porphyrins in excellent yields. The resulting porphyrin-HBC conjugates exhibit absorption cross-sections that are of interdisciplinary interest in the ever-growing field of organic photovoltaics and near-infrared (NIR) dyes. Quantum chemical calculations show that the newly formed 5-membered rings induce biradicaloid character in the porphyrin core, which has a strong impact on excited state lifetimes. This is confirmed by a thorough optoelectronic and time-resolved characterization in order to understand these unique features better. Broadened absorption characteristics go hand-in-hand with short-lived excited states with up to six orders of magnitude faster decay rates.

Pressure-controlled luminescence in fast-response barium fluoride crystals

Cross-luminescence (CL) in a barium fluoride (BaF2) scintillator arising from the recombination of a valence band electron and a core band hole results in a fast picosecond decay time. However, the CL emission wavelength in the vacuum ultraviolet region is difficult to detect, and intrinsically intense and slow nanosecond self-trapped exciton (STE) luminescence occurs. Herein, we report a redshift in the CL emission wavelength with high-pressure application. The wavelength of the CL emission shifted from 221 nm to 240 nm when 5.0 GPa was applied via a sapphire anvil cell. Increasing the pressure decreases the core-valence bandgap due to the downward expansion of the valence band, resulting in a decrease in the valence band minimum. The onset of a phase transition from a cubic crystal structure to an orthorhombic crystal structure at 3.7 GPa inhibited the recombination of conduction band electrons and self-trapped holes, leading to the disappearance of the STE emission. Manipulating the band structure of BaF2 by high-pressure application enables control of its luminescence emission, providing a pathway toward solving the problems inherent in this leading fast-response scintillator.

On long-time asymptotic behavior and Painlevé asymptotic to the matrix Hirota equation

Abstract The nonlinear descent method is extended to study the long-time asymptotic behavior of the matrix Hirota equation with $4\times 4$ Lax pair in Schwartz space. The implementation of spectral analysis successfully transforms the Cauchy problem of the matrix Hirota equation into the corresponding high-order Riemann–Hilbert (RH) with $4\times 4$ jump matrix, and further analyses the established oscillation RH problem to study the asymptotic behavior of the solution in the space-time plane. Interestingly, the space-time plane $\{(x,t)|-\infty <x<+\infty , t>0\}$ can be divided into three different asymptotic regions based on the phase function and $\xi =x/t$. The first one is the oscillatory region $\xi <\frac{\alpha ^{2}}{3\beta }$, whose leading-term can be approximated applying the Weber equation with an error of $\mathcal{O}(t^{-1}\log t)$. The second region is the Painlevé region $\xi \approx \frac{\alpha ^{2}}{3\beta }$, whose leading-term can be approximated by the coupled Painlevé II equation, which is related to a $4\times 4$ matrix RH problem with an error of $\mathcal{O}(t^{-\frac{2}{3}})$. The last region is the fast decay region $\xi>\frac{\alpha ^{2}}{3\beta }$, which solution is rapidly decreasing as $t\rightarrow \infty $. Our results provide a detailed proof for the asymptotic analysis for the solution of the matrix Hirota equation on the complete space-time plane.

Construction of WO3 nanowires artificial solid electrolyte interphase on silicon nanoparticles with sea urchin like structure for improving silicon anode stability

Giant volumetric variation of silicon during repeat lithiation/delethiation process leads to structure failure of silicon-based anodes and thus their initial high capacitance is hard to be maintained under long-run cyclic charging/discharging. Construction porous structure silicon composites and formation of artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) coating on silicon particles are two effective ways to improve stability of silicon-based anodes. In this work, above two strategies are combined to construct a composite of inorganic artificial SEI WO3 nanowires/Si nanoparticles with sea urchin like porous structure via simple hydrothermal method. The silicon nanoparticles act as seeds for around 70 nm average diameter WO3 nanowires formation in compared with that of WO3 nano-rods around 500 nm diameter without Si nanoparticle seeds. The WO3 nanowire artificial SEI coating is found to be effective in preventing SEI overgrowth and their network provides spaces for volumetric variation of silicon nanoparticles in the bulk anode matrix during cyclic test, leading to reversible charging/discharging of stable bulk anode in compared with pure silicon anode of fast capacitance decay. The gravimetric capacitance of optimized composite reaches 1410.6 mAh·g−1 and its capacity remains 1039 mAh·g−1 after 200 cycles.

Enhancing subjective spaciousness for stereo reproduction in car-size acoustical enclosures based on audio signal decorrelation

Audio signal decorrelation has been used for enhancing the spaciousness of auditory source width (ASW) in a stereo reproduction. However, the acoustic environment in car-size acoustical enclosures is quite different from that in a home theater or listening room. Due to the small cabin size and the substantial presence of absorptive surfaces, the reproduced sound field in car-size acoustical enclosures is characterized by the interior mode region up to some hundreds or one thousand hertz and fast decay of pressure at higher frequencies which could affect the perceived performance of audio signal decorrelation. Therefore, the present work evaluates the effect of reflections in an acoustical enclosure model with car-size on the ASW enhanced by decorrelated audio signals, which reproduced by a standard stereo system. The decorrelation algorithm is handled by all-pass filters sets based on a pair of reciprocal maximal length sequence (MLS). Last, a subjective assessment experiment of ASW validates that appropriate decorrelation method can improve perceived spaciousness for sound reproduction in car-size acoustical enclosures.

Electron Spin Dynamics of the Intersystem Crossing in Aminoanthraquinone Derivatives: The Spectral Telltale of Short Triplet Excited States.

We studied the excited state dynamics of two bis-amino substituted anthraquinone (AQ) derivatives, with absorption in the visible spectral region, which results from the attachment of a electron-donating group to the electron-deficient AQ chromophore. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra show that intersystem crossing (ISC) takes place in 190-320 ps, and nanosecond transient absorption spectra demonstrated an unusually short triplet state lifetime (2.06-5.43 μs) for the two AQ derivatives. Pulsed laser-excited time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (TREPR) spectra show an inversion of the electron spin polarization (ESP) phase pattern of the triplet state at a longer delay time after laser flash. Spectral simulations show faster decay of the Ty sublevel than the other two sublevels (τx = 15.0 μs, τy = 1.50 μs, τz = 15.0 μs); theoretical computation predicts initial overpopulation of the Ty sublevel, and rationalizes the short T1 state lifetime and the ESP inversion. Theoretical computations taking into account the electron-vibrational coupling, i.e., the Herzberg-Teller effect, successfully rationalize the TREPR experimental observations.