Fast Opening Research Articles

Driving waveform optimization of electrowetting displays based on pixel's 2-D model for reducing oil reflux.

Electrowetting displays (EWD) are believed to represent a new generation of electronic paper technology with fast responses, high reflectivity, and low power consumption. Despite their bright market prospects, the luminance stability of displays is still hindered by oil film reflux. So, we presented a combination of simulation and experimentation to enhance the performance of EWD. Firstly, an EWD simulation model was established using the phase field method (PFM). To ensure the accuracy of the model, it was proposed that the use of velocity field parameters could suppress mass non-conservation. During a 10-second simulation process, the total mass decreased by only 7.94x10-6%. Furthermore, the charge accumulation field was introduced to simulate oil film reflux. For the 5-second simulation, the maximum charge accumulation in the DC driving waveform was 2.61x10-5C/m2. Meanwhile, it was demonstrated that the AC driving waveform reduced charge accumulation in the three-phase contact line (TPCL) by 7.62% compared to the DC driving waveform. Based on this simulation model, a driving waveform was proposed, which included a driving waveform with a gradient changing waveform to achieve fast opening, and an alternating current (AC) driving waveform stage to inhibit the charge accumulation. The experimental results indicated that the maximum luminance fluctuation was 8.82, and the luminance data variance was 3.34 by using the proposed driving waveform. Compared to the traditional waveform, the response time was improved by 75.9%, the luminance was improved by 4.70%, and the luminance fluctuation stability improved by 79.34%.

Environmental Analysis and Management Suggestions of Starbucks Based on SWOT Model

We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of Starbucks environmental scanning. Its advantage is the high quality of the product, and the third aspect is the strong sense of experience, the advantage of social media, and localized marketing. The disadvantages are high product positioning, fast store opening, and the pressure of financial chain management and supply chain management. However, in our survey, we also identified opportunities to expand online sales and mobile payments to maximize benefits in today's globalized world. However, despite Starbucks' growth prospects, its position is now precarious due to low coffee acceptance and threats from coffee brands such as Lucky Coffee. According to the analysis, Starbucks can improve its current weakness by strengthening its market power, expanding its strategy, differentiating its strategy, and adopting a reasonable and flexible pricing system.

Cost-effective, open-source light shutters with Arduino control

In optical experiments, shutters are devices that open or close a path of light. They are often used to limit the duration of light exposure onto a target or onto a detector to reduce possible light-induced damage. Many commercial shutters are available for different applications – some provide very fast opening and closing times, some can handle large optical powers, and others allow for fail-safe operation. Many of these devices are costly and offer limited control options. Here we provide an open-source design for a low-cost, general purpose shutter system based on ubiquitous actuators (servo motors or solenoids) that are connected to an Arduino-based controller. Several shutters can be controlled by one controller, further reducing system cost. The state of the shutters can be controlled via a display built into the controller, by serial commands via USB, or by electrical control lines. The use of a microcontroller makes the shutter controller adaptable – only control options that are used need to be included, and the design accommodates a selection of display and actuator options. We provide designs for all required components, including 3D print files for the actuator holders and cases, the Arduino code, libraries for serial communication (C and python), and example graphical user interfaces for testing.

Rapid optical switching of latched electrical resistance in a high-T c superconducting tape

We report microsecond timescale switching between the superconducting and normal states of commercially manufactured high-Tc superconducting wires using optical radiation to heat the conductor above Tc. The achieved voltages and switching times have significant implications for a new class of thermal switches. The report contains experimental data for photo-induced microsecond scale voltage transients as well as numerical analysis of heat propagation through the material in response to optical radiation. The microbridges are etched into commercially manufactured coated conductors and submerged in liquid nitrogen. By varying the magnitude of the transport current, two different optical responses are identified. At low transport currents, short-lived voltage transients occur, transitioning to persistent latching once the current is increased above a threshold value. The microbridge, therefore, behaves as a fast opening and closing switch when carrying low currents or an optically latched thyristor at high currents. This is understood to occur due to critical current suppression as a result of heating from the optical pulse. Optically induced heating reduces the superconducting volume fraction, and Joule heating due to the transport current interaction with the high temperature superconducting occurs, which either causes short-lived or stable self-heating normal regions dependent on the magnitude of the transport current. This study is concluded with an estimate of the energy necessary to drive the microbridge into the resistive state. The observed behavior can potentially be utilized as a switching element in superconducting transformer rectifiers where high frequency switch operation is required.

Wireframe DNA origami nanostructure with the controlled opening of edges

Design and simulation of wireframe DNA origami nanostructures with fast and controlled opening capability using modified DAEDALUS code.

An Empirical Analysis of the Central Bank of China's Monetary Policy and the Impact of its Communications on Market Interest Rates, Liquidity and Credit

As one of the largest world's economies, China’s economy plays an important role at regional and global levels. In this context, with the fast opening steps of the Chinese economy to international markets, the Chinese Central Bank (PBC or PBOC) has adjusted its mechanisms to the needs of local and international economies. Chinese monetary policy is designed to keep prices and economic growth stable and to ensure the country’s economic development. The Chinese Central Bank has a significant influence over Chinese interest rates, interbank rates, and changes in liquidity and credit. The main goal of this research paper is to describe the role of the Chinese Central Bank in delivering Chinese monetary policy and its changes over the past few years. Our research paper is dedicated to verifying how the Chinese Central Bank's press releases are useful indicators for the future trend of market interest rates after constructing a numerical index representative of expansive or restrictive net signals contained in any of the PBC Communications examined. An empirical analysis over Chinese Monetary Policy Communications (Reports) is included in this research paper, presenting how the Central Bank of China is implementing its monetary policy in order to influence the development of its economic growth through its market interest rates, liquidity and credit movement.

Design of a High Speed Electro-optic Q-switch Circuit for Aerospace Applications

In order to meet the requirements of high amplitude and high speed of electro-optic Q-switch voltage, a high speed electro-optic Q-switch circuit for aerospace applications is designed. According to the principle of Marx generator, the circuit uses a high speed driving chip to drive the switching transistor to conduct. The charge of the primary energy storage capacitor of the pulse transformer is quickly released, and the secondary induced voltage drives the switches of the Marx generator to open quickly and synchronously. By utilizing the fast and synchronous opening of MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), cascaded discharge is carried out on the energy storage capacitors of the 8th order Marx generator circuit, thereby outputting high voltage pulse signal. The experimental results show that the Marx generator has maximum boost output range of 4000V and high voltage pulse rise time of less than 30ns. Compared to traditional pulse transformer control methods, the Q-switch voltage rise time is reduced by nearly 40ns. The internal components of circuit meet the requirements of multiple indicators such as anti-irradiation space environment, and have the characteristic of short output high voltage rise time, which can provide high speed and high voltage driving pulses for the electro-optic Q-switch crystal inside the laser cavity.

Our mission to support Arab family-related research through open access publishing: A message from the Editor in Chief

QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.

Control of opening duration in a pneumatically operated valve with two-fluid combination and quadratic damping

In this paper, opening characteristics of a pneumatically operated valve and methodology for controlling the valve opening duration have been investigated through numerical simulation. The valve has a poppet mounted with spring which is actuated by a pneumatic command pressure to provide a displacement of 30 mm in fully open condition. The spring housing comprises of columns of two fluids, namely air and oil, and an orifice which communicates with an adjacent auxiliary chamber. As the poppet is actuated, air initially passes through the orifice leading to a fast opening of the valve. Subsequently, opening rate of the valve is reduced as oil column encounters the orifice. The governing differential equations of motion for the valve poppet were solved using a fourth-order Runge–Kutta method, and the resistance offered by the orifice to oil flow was considered using a quadratic damping model. Simulations were carried out for two different orifice sizes, and results were validated with experiments. It was noted that for the same valve assembly, the opening duration can be controlled by varying the length of oil column and/or the orifice diameter, with no change in command pressure.

High-Speed Image Analysis Comparing Loading of Vocal Folds During Coughing and Phonation: A Case Study

Coughing is related to voice problems, since it involves firm glottal closure, fast glottal opening, and high subglottic pressure and flow rate. In this study, the glottal area variation and movements of laryngeal structures during coughing and phonation are compared. High-speed laryngoscopy recordings were made of a normophonic male participant with a healthy larynx producing a neutral vowel and coughing. Oral air pressure was registered in a mouthpiece, through which an endoscope was inserted into the pharynx. Electroglottography, acoustic, and pressure signals were recorded simultaneously. The glottal width variation at the membranous and cartilaginous parts of the glottis was derived from the high-speed images, and the strong vibration of the false vocal folds was also registered. In coughing, compared to ordinary vowel phonation in nearly the same sound pressure level (93-94 dB6cm), the glottal width was 25% larger at the middle of the vocal folds, the maximum glottal opening velocity was 39% higher, and the maximum glottal width declination rate during glottal closing was up to three times higher. The maximum acceleration was 40% higher, and the maximum deceleration was 47% higher. Fundamental frequency f0 was the highest (ca. 400 Hz) at the beginning of the first phase of a typical coughing process. During the last part of the coughing process, f0 decreased from ca. 250 Hz to ca. 85 Hz at the phonation offset. The remarkable increase in maximum glottal width declination rate implies much higher vocal fold loading in coughing compared to phonation.

اتجاهات التقنيات الناشئة والمكتبات

QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.

Analysis of flow characteristics and throttling loss of a novel high-frequency two-dimensional rotary valve

High-speed on-off valve uses its high-frequency characteristics to realize the switching effect of fast opening and closing or generate relatively continuous pressure and flow. Compared with the conventional direct acting structure, the frequency of reciprocating sliding of the valve spool is limited due to the need to overcome the large inertial force, while the valve spool of the rotary valve structure can easily achieve continuous and rapid rotary movement, which makes it easier to quickly open or close the hydraulic valve. Therefore, a novel high-frequency two-dimensional rotary valve is proposed. Through the two-dimensional rotary valve, the fluid is discretized in the form of fluid pulse width modulation to realize the flow distribution according to the demand of the system actuator. The spool has two independent degrees of freedom: the rotary motion of the spool is used to control the frequency of the fluid pulse width modulation and the axial displacement of the spool is used to control its width. Inspired by the working principle of the high-speed on-off valve to realize the instantaneous release of energy by quickly opening action, the flow characteristics and throttling loss of two-dimensional rotary valve are analyzed. The shape of the valve port of the high-frequency two-dimensional rotary valve is designed, flow field models with different valve port angle are established and the throttling loss of the valve port is obtained, which is verified by the simulation and the experiment. The working principle of two-dimensional rotary valve is similar to the high-speed on-off valve group, but compared with the high-speed on-off valve using the electric signal control mode, two-dimensional rotary valve can control the flow only by controlling the axial position of the valve spool. The high-frequency two-dimensional rotary valve using fluid pulse width modulation is expected to be used in variable system, load sensing system, distributed power source and other systems with variable and energy-saving requirements.

Analysis and Optimization of the Opening Dynamic Characteristics of Molten Salt Check Valves for Concentrating Solar Power

The poor opening dynamic characteristics of molten salt check valves, used in concentrating solar thermal systems, constitute the main cause of valve disc oscillation and low pressure difference difficulty in opening during molten salt delivery. A molten salt swing check valve is designed to meet the requirements of high-temperature and high-pressure sealing and anti-crystallization flow channels. A transient dynamics model of the valve motion components is established, dynamic mesh and UDF (user-defined function) techniques are used to simulate the non-constant flow of hot molten salt and the opening process of the check valve and to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the opening process. Topological optimization of the valve motion components is proposed for the first time in order to improve the opening performance of the check valve, and the topological optimization of the valve motion components is based on the solid isotropic material penalty (SIMP) model with the variable density method and thermal–fluid–mechanical coupling method. The design is also verified for the dangerous working condition of a molten salt hammer. The results show that the mass of the valve motion component is reduced by 57.76% after optimization while meeting the requirements of strength and stiffness. The optimized molten salt check valve achieves a larger angle and faster opening, the full opening angle is increased by 6°, the positive resting pressure difference of the valve is reduced by 5 kPa, the minimum opening pressure difference is reduced by 8.9 kPa, the optimized flow characteristics are smoother, and the valve disc oscillation problem is avoided. The study provides a method for researchers to use to optimize the design of a molten salt swing check valve and its dynamic characteristics for concentrating solar power, which is of great significance in efforts to improve the stability of the molten salt transport system.

Call for Papers: Service Science Special Issue: Navigating the Use of Technology in Service Marketing

Free AccessAboutSectionsView PDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Go to SectionFree Access HomeService ScienceVol. 15, No. 1 Call for Papers: Service Science Special Issue: Navigating the Use of Technology in Service MarketingGuest Editors: Haitao (Tony) Cui, Alison Jing Xu, Ting ZhuGuest Editors: Haitao (Tony) Cui, Alison Jing Xu, Ting ZhuPublished Online:17 Feb 2023https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2023.0319New technologies have been transforming business models in many service industries. With the assistance of new technologies, firms can provide improved services or expand their services into new domains. For example, in retail, artificial intelligence (AI) has been used to make product recommendations. In the healthcare industry, AI algorithms help doctors detect conditions earlier and diagnose conditions more accurately; medical robots are programmed to perform procedures. In the education industry, cloud-based online meeting platforms remove the barrier of physical distance and provide consumers with access to educators all over the world. Consumers, conversely, are propelled to interact with technology-based service providers at different stages of their decision journey (such as recognizing their needs, searching for information, evaluating and comparing options, making decisions, and providing feedback). The goal of this special issue is to document the contributions of new technologies in transforming how consumers interact with service providers in the marketplace. The role of new technologies can be studied from different perspectives, including (but not exclusive to) consumers, service providers, competition, policy makers, and societal influences. We welcome papers using a variety of methodological approaches, including empirical modeling, theoretical analytics, and the experimental method.We encourage submissions on the following topics (nonexhaustive).How Does the Use of Technology Influence Consumer Behavior?▪ The influence of new technology adoption and innovation (e.g., chatbot, robot, virtual reality, and augmented reality) on consumer behavior (such as consumer decision-making in service contexts, service satisfaction, consumer engagement, etc.)▪ The influence of the use of technology in health-care services (e.g., virtual doctor visits; use of robots in medical services) on patients’ behavior▪ The factors that influence data-sharing intentions and data-privacy concerns in service contexts (e.g., on service platforms such as DoorDash)▪ How consumers react to AI-based recommendations▪ The impact of technology on consumers’ welfare, including the potential gains from the convenience and lower prices and the cost of data sharingHow Does the Use of Technology Influence Firm Behavior?▪ The impact of technology on firms’ performance in service contexts▪ Firms’ strategies for adopting and investing new technology to provide services▪ The effect of marketing analytics tools on the interactions between firms and customers in the service industry▪ The regulation of technology in the service sector▪ The adoption and impact of technology in the marketing of the shared economy▪ The impact of technology on the competitive environment in service industrySubmission Process and TimelineWe offer two tracks of submissions, both of which will undergo a double-blind peer review process. Submissions should be directed to the Service Science online submission system (https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/serv). Criteria for acceptance include originality, contribution, and scientific merit. For submission guidelines, please see https://pubsonline.informs.org/page/serv/submission-guidelines.Regular TrackPapers for the regular track must be submitted by September 1, 2023. Decisions will typically be made after two rounds of review.▪ Regular track submission opening: March 1, 2023▪ Regular track submission deadline: September 1, 2023Fast TrackThe fast track option provides authors with early feedback on the fit of paper with this special issue. Authors are allowed to submit a long abstract of the paper (two to four pages, single spaced) by an early deadline of May 1, 2023. The editors will provide feedback on the fit of the paper with the special issue and offer recommendations for further development of the paper. Once the full paper is submitted by the deadline of September 1, 2023, it will undergo the review process, with a decision made after one round of review. The decision will be one of the following: accept, conditional accept, minor revision, or reject.▪ Fast track long abstract submission opening: March 1, 2023▪ Fast track long abstract submission deadline: May 1, 2023▪ Fast track full paper submission deadline: September 1, 2023 Previous Back to Top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Volume 15, Issue 1March 2023Pages 1-78, C3 Article Information Metrics Information Published Online:February 17, 2023 Copyright © 2023, INFORMSCite asGuest Editors: Haitao (Tony) Cui, Alison Jing Xu, Ting Zhu (2023) Call for Papers: Service Science Special Issue: Navigating the Use of Technology in Service Marketing. Service Science 15(1):77-78. https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2023.0319 PDF download

2023 and the post-FIFA World Cup era

QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.

Multiplexing Cas9 activity with multi-target CRISPR.

We present multi-target CRISPR, an approach whereby a degenerate gRNA directs Cas9 to simultaneously target a large number of epigenetically diverse genomic locations. This multiplexing of CRISPR is enabled by targeting the highly abundant Alu repetitive elements. Combined with different next-generation sequencing readouts, multi-target CRISPR offered new insights into Cas9 activity and the ensuing cellular response. First, by interrogating the same protospacer in different genomic contexts, multi-target CRISPR showed that Cas9 binding is more efficient at open chromatin regions, and Cas9 cleavage is enhanced near transcribed regions. We then combined multi-target CRISPR with ATAC-Seq to unveil an increase in chromatin accessibility around Cas9 DSBs, which spreads over a window of ∼1 kb centered at the cut site. We attribute this chromatin opening to nucleosomes being evicted from the damaged region. Notably, the extent of chromatin opening is independent of the chromatin context in which the lesions occurs, suggesting that nucleosome eviction is a robust part of the DNA damage response. By combining multi-target CRISPR with photo-activatable gRNAs, we determined the characteristic time-scales of DSB-induced chromatin relaxation and found that nucleosome removal occurs within ∼30 min. Last, we combined multi-target CRISPR with a photo-deactivatable gRNA to measure chromatin dynamics after DSB repair completion. Once repair is completed, chromatin accessibility levels returned to their original pre-cleavage state within 1 h, revealing a quick repositioning of nucleosomes around the repaired cut site. Based on these measurements, we propose a model in which chromatin undergoes fast and transient opening in response to Cas9 breaks to facilitate recruitment of repair factors. In conclusion, multi-target CRISPR enables high-throughput studies of Cas9 activity and DNA repair in cellulo, revealing new insights on the interplay between Cas9 activity and chromatin.

Analysis of TCP Issues and Their Possible Solutions in the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is widely known as a revolutionary paradigm that offers communication among different types of devices. The primary goal of this paradigm is to implement efficient and high-quality smart services. It requires a protocol stack that offers different service requirements for inter-communication between different devices. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are used as transport layer protocols in IoT to provide the quality of service needed in various IoT devices. IoT encounters many shortcomings of wireless networks, while also posing new challenges due to its uniqueness. When TCP is used in an IoT system, a variety of challenging issues have to be dealt with. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of various issues which arises due to the heterogeneous characteristics of IoT. We identify main issues such as Retransmission Timeout (RTO) algorithm issue, congestion and packet loss issue, header overhead, high latency issue, link layer interaction issue, etc. Moreover, we provide several most probable solutions to the above-mentioned issues in the case of IoT scenarios. RTO algorithm issue has been resolved by using algorithms such as CoCoA, CoCoA+, and CoCoA++. Apart from these, the high latency issue has been solved with the help of a long lived connection and TCP Fast open. Congestion and packet loss issue has been resolved by using several TCP variants such as TCP New Reno, Tahoe, Reno, Vegas, and Westwood.

The Anbar 2nd International Medical Conference (AIMCO-2022): Approaching the “Updates in Medical and Health Sciences”

QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.

Highlights on the unavoidable impact of climate change on public health policy

QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.

Highlights on the Further Growth of JEMTAC at the National and International Level

QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.