Fast Belt Research Articles

유한요소해석을 통한 자동차용 글라스의 승강성능 예측

파워 글라스 시스템의 특성은 주로 윈도우 레귤레이터의 거동 특성과 글라스 런에 의한 저항에 의해 결정되며, 시험 결과 분석을 통해 시스템의 성능을 예측한다. 본 논문에서는 시험적인 방법의 한계를 해결하기 위해, 익스플리시트 코드를 사용한 해석적 방법을 제안하였다. 해석 모델에 사용한 글라스 런은 무니-리블린 모델을 사용하여 모델링 하였고, 다양한 조건에서의 마찰 시험을 실시하여 마찰계수를 구하였다. 또한, 윈도우 레귤레이터 파트의 메커니즘은 패스트 벨트 시스템과 슬립 링요소를 사용하여 모델링 하였고, 상승 시 발생하는 전류와 하중과의 상관관계 분석을 통해 레귤레이션 메커니즘의 신뢰성을 검증하였고, 모터의 특성을 고려하여 신뢰성 있는 글라스 상승 시간을 예측하였다.

Locomotor adaptation on a split-belt treadmill can improve walking symmetry post-stroke

Human locomotion must be flexible in order to meet varied environmental demands. Alterations to the gait pattern occur on different time scales, ranging from fast, reactive adjustments to slower, more persistent adaptations. A recent study in humans demonstrated that the cerebellum plays a key role in slower walking adaptations in interlimb coordination during split-belt treadmill walking, but not fast reactive changes. It is not known whether cerebral structures are also important in these processes, though some studies of cats have suggested that they are not. We used a split-belt treadmill walking task to test whether cerebral damage from stroke impairs either type of flexibility. Thirteen individuals who had sustained a single stroke more than 6 months prior to the study (four females) and 13 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects were recruited to participate in the study. Results showed that stroke involving cerebral structures did not impair either reactive or adaptive abilities and did not disrupt storage of new interlimb relationships (i.e. after-effects). This suggests that cerebellar interactions with brainstem, rather than cerebral structures, comprise the critical circuit for this type of interlimb control. Furthermore, the after-effects from a 15-min adaptation session could temporarily induce symmetry in subjects who demonstrated baseline asymmetry of spatiotemporal gait parameters. In order to re-establish symmetric walking, the choice of which leg is on the fast belt during split-belt walking must be based on the subject's initial asymmetry. These findings demonstrate that cerebral stroke survivors are indeed able to adapt interlimb coordination. This raises the possibility that asymmetric walking patterns post-stroke could be remediated utilizing the split-belt treadmill as a long-term rehabilitation strategy.

Constraints on D″ structure using PKP(AB-DF), PKP(BC-DF) and PcP-P traveltime data from broad-band records

SUMMARY The effects of complex structure in the deep mantle and D �� on PKP differential traveltimes should be estimated accurately in order to reach reliable conclusions concerning the physical and chemical properties of the Earth’s inner and outer core. In particular, it is important to assess how much of the data can be explained by mantle structure alone. For this purpose, we have assembled global data sets of high-quality PKP(AB‐DF), PKP(BC‐DF) and PcP‐P differential traveltimes measured on mostly broad-band records. The PKP(AB‐DF) data were inverted alone or jointly with PcP‐P data, to retrieve P-velocity maps of the lowermost 300 km of the mantle. Corrections for mantle structure above D �� were performed prior to inversion using recent tomographic models and the fit to the PKP(BC‐DF) data set was used to constrain damping in the inversions. We compare models obtained with and without polar PKP paths and find that their inclusion or exclusion does not significantly affect the resulting D �� model except under North America, where coverage is poor without polar paths. Our preferred model, obtained using PKP(AB‐DF) and PcP‐P data combined, explains over 80 per cent of the variance in PKP(AB‐DF), almost 60 per cent of the variance in PcP‐P and 27 per cent of the variance in PKP(BC‐DF)—a significant portion considering that the PKP(BC‐DF) data set was not used in the inversion. Our models are characterized by prominent fast features under mid-America and east Asia, a fast belt across the Pacific, a slow region under the southwestern Pacific and southern Africa, as well as sharp transitions from fast to slow, for instance under Alaska and the South Atlantic. The anomalous South Sandwich to Alaska data cannot fully be explained by D �� structure alone, unless very short-wavelength lateral vari

Chronology and geochemistry of metavolcanic rocks from Heigouxia Valley in the Mian-Lue tectonic zone, South Qinling——Evidence for a Paleozoic oceanic basin and its close time

The metavolcanic rocks of greenschist fades developed at Heigouxia Valley in the Mian-Lue tectonic zone, South Qinling orogenic belt is a bimodal volcanic series. It is composed of K-poor, Na-rich tholeiite and dacite-rhyolite. The trace elements characteristics with flat REE pattern of these tholeiites are similar to those of MORB. The Sm-Nd whole rock isochron age of(242±21) Ma and Rb-Sr whole rock isochron age of (221±13) Ma of this metavolcanic series consistently indicate their rnetamorphic time. Their relatively high initial eNd value of +6.1 at the rnetamorphic age (242 Ma) suggest that the volcanic rocks were derived from a depleted MORB type mantle source. Their trace elements and Nd isotope compositions suggest an oceanic basin developed from a rift on the continental margin of the Yangtze Block during the late Paleozoic and closed in the Triassic, This is the first case clearly showing the existence of relict of late Paleozoic oceanic crust in Fast Qinling belt, which provides important evidence for the Mian-Lue tectonic zone as a structure zone.

Bilateral coordination in human infants: stepping on a split-belt treadmill.

A motorized treadmill often elicits locomotor-like alternate stepping in 7-month-old infants who normally perform few, if any, stepping movements. The step cycle duration is a function of the speed of the treadmill. When infants were held so that each leg was on a separate treadmill belt, each of which was driven at a different speed, the overall cycle duration was intermediate between the cycle durations at the fast or slow speeds alone. Infants shortened the stance on the slow belt and increased the stance on the fast belt to maintain regularly alternating steps. Even before voluntary locomotion, both legs acted in a cooperative manner, with the dynamic status of one limb affecting the timespace behavior of the opposite limb.

The locomotion of the low spinal cat. II. Interlimb coordination.

The interaction of the two hindlimbs were investigated by an analysis of the muscular activity and the movements in 14 chronic spinal kittens during treadmill locomotion (i.e. in kittens subjected to a transection of the spinal cord (Th10--12)) one or two weeks after birth). At low speed the limbs were alternating (walk or trot). At higher they were activated more simultaneous, as during gallop. The two limbs could walk at different velocities, as during walking in a circle, when the two belts of the treadmill were driven at different speeds. The duration of the support phases was mainly influenced by the speed of the belt on which the limb was walking. The limbs could still maintain a common rhythm up to a two or three fold speed difference, as the flexion or the first extension phase of the limb walking on the "fast" belt was prolonged and the flexion phase of "slow limb" was shortened. At extreme speed differences the limb on the "fast belt" performed 2, 3 and even 4 steps during one stepcycle of the "slow limb". The placement of the feet was found to maintain the most stable relationship during alternating gaits at different speed differences. It is concluded that all phases of the step cycle are modifiable and that there are several mechanisms coordinating the limbs within the spinal cord.