Fasciolosis In Cattle Research Articles

Helminth Control: In Vitro Anthelmintic and Larvicidal Activities of Solanum surattense Against Fasciola gigantica (Sporocyst, Redia, and Cercaria) Larvae

Introduction: Liver flukes (Fasciola species) are parasitic helminths that cause fascioliasis in cattle and humans. The Fasciola species (F. hepatica and F. gigantica) have complicated life cycles in the host snails and mammals. The cattle and human population get infected after ingestion of contaminated miracidium stages of Fasciola through aquatic plants or contaminated water. The developmental stages of liver flukes can be discontinued by terminating larval stages such as sporocyst, redia, and cercaria in vivo or by killing intermediate hosts. Synthetic anthelmintic compounds are highly effective but they cause adverse effects in the environment. Plant products are eco-friendly and safe which can be used in the control of parasitic helminths. Methods: In vitro anthelmintic activities of different preparations of Solanum surattense such as pulverized leaf products, extracts (ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone, and ethanol), and column purified fractions were assessed against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria larvae of F. gigantica. Different preparations of the S. surattense were assessed separately against Fasciola larva after 2 to 8 hours of exposure. These larvae, having up to 48-hour survivability, were kept in tap water at laboratory conditions. Results: Larval mortality was observed after 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours of exposure for the calculation of LC50 value. Among all the organic extracts, the maximum larvicidal activity was observed in ethanol after 2 hours of exposure, the LC50 value against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria was reported to be 63.21, 64.24, and 63.54 mg/mL, respectively. However, maximum activity was observed after 8 hours of exposure in column purified fractions, and the LC50 value against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria was reported to be 48.25, 47.61, and 44.15 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Conclusively, the present research study indicates that S. surattense is a potent source of anthelmintic compounds which can be used for the control of sporocyst, redia, and cercaria larvae of F. gigantica.

Prevalence and Histopathological Effects of Fascioliasis in Cattle Slaughtered in Ikot Eneobong Abattoir, Calabar, Nigeria

Aims: Studies were carried out to determine the prevalence, intensity, economic loss and histopathological effects of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered in Ikot Eneobong abattoir, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
 Study Design: The study involved Post-Mortem examination of 384 liver samples from slaughtered cattle.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, between April – July, 2015.
 Methodology: A total of384 liver samples were examined for individuals of Fasciola gigantica by making length-wise incision on the ventral side of the liver. Recovered flukes were counted and grouped into different levels of intensity. Infected livers recovered were subjected to histopathological analysis using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining technique. The economic loss due to the infection was determined based on the current market price per kg weight of cattle liver.
 Results: Out of the 384 livers examined, 64 (16.67%) were found positive for fascioliasis. The month of July had the highest prevalence of infected livers (25.64%) while the month of April which had the lowest prevalence of infected livers (11.02%) (P=.05). Out of the 64 diseased livers, 58 (90.6%) had light worm load, 5 (7.8%) had moderate worm load and 1 (1.6%) had heavy worm load with numbers significantly higher in July compared with April, May and June (P=.05). In the four months study period, 320kg of livers from 64 cattle valued at ₦256,000 were lost due to infection. Histological examination of infected livers revealed necrosis, fibrosis, degenerated hepatocytes, proliferation of the bile ductules and marked infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells.
 Conclusion: This study has established the prevalence, economic loss and histopathological consequences of fascioliasis in Ikot Eneobong abattoir. As such it is important that the routine examination of slaughtered ruminants be conducted prior to their presentation for public consumption.

A Scoping Review of the Prevalence of Fascioliasis in Malaysia and Risk Factors for Infection.

This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of ruminant and human fascioliasis in Malaysia and to identify research gaps in knowledge of the prevalence of fascioliasis in Malaysia and risk factors for the disease using available evidence-based data. We conducted a scoping review based on the framework of Arksey and O’Malley. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were used to guide the review process. The citation search was performed between May and September 2018. Using specific keywords, literature published between 1998 to September 2018 was retrieved from electronic databases. Six articles related to fascioliasis in Malaysia were included in the final review from 1,932 screened articles and reports. Five studies focused on ruminants, including cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats in the states of Terengganu and Perak. The most frequent ruminant fascioliasis outbreaks involved cattle and goats, with a prevalence of 82%–95% and these outbreaks occurred in Terengganu. Only one study examined the risk of fascioliasis in cattle. In the study, the age and sex of the cattle were important risk-related parameters. The search returned only one documented report of a suspected case of human fascioliasis with an atypical clinical presentation. At present, human fascioliasis in Malaysia remains under-reported and its prevalence remains unknown. The data summarised in this review based on existing evidence identifies research gaps on fascioliasis in ruminants and humans.

Biochemical and immunological investigation of fascioliasis in cattle in Egypt.

Background and Aim:Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica are two commonly reported liver flukes that cause fascioliasis in ruminants. Among the members of the genus Fasciola, F. hepatica was identified in the study area. Fascioliasis is a major disease that affects the production of livestock by causing liver damage. F. hepatica has developed advanced mechanisms to trick, elude, and alter the host immune response, similar to an extrinsic stressor. These mechanisms consequently affect the animals’ physiological and metabolic functions in vivo and postmortem changes, which have significant influences on animal welfare and meat quality development. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the current prevalence of cattle fascioliasis at abattoirs in El-Kharga city, New Valley Governorate, Egypt, and to investigate the changes in serum biochemical and immunological parameters and oxidative stress factors due to Fasciola spp. infection in terms of meat quality and immune response.Materials and Methods:A total of 226 cattle were inspected for the presence of Fasciola spp. The liver of each cattle was examined by making several incisions for detecting adult Fasciola spp. in El- Kharga. The blood samples were collected to analyze the changes in serum biochemical and immunological parameters and oxidative stress factors.Results:Of the 226 cattle, 38 (16.81%) were positive for F. hepatica at the postmortem examination. Cattle infected with F. hepatica had highly elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, γ-glutamyl transferase, urea, and creatinine levels. Immunological cytokine profiles showed significantly increased serum interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-beta levels and a significantly decreased interferon-γ level. Furthermore, oxidative stress profiles showed significantly increased serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels and significantly decreased total antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione level.Conclusion:This study demonstrated that F. hepatica infection alone is an oxidative stress factor that affects slaughtered animals, leading to biochemical and metabolic alterations in the early postmortem period.

Prevalence of fasciolosis emphasis on age, origin, body condition and post mortem by geographic information systems on sacrificial examination in Malang District – East Java

Infection with Fasciola gigantica, a liver trematode, is frequently reported in Malang district. The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis in Malang District, East Java during Eid Qurban 2019. Data were collected from 68 cutting points in 9 sub-districts. A total of 265 cows, 895 goats and 112 sheep than analyzed based on questioner emphasis on age, origin, body condition, and postmortem abnormalities. Overall the highest prevalence of fasciolosis was 57% cattle and 18% goat in Gondanglegi sub-district and 100% sheep in Wajak sub-district. A total of 86% of fasciolosis in cattle have good body conditions came from Malang District. There was also 82% in goat and 78% in sheep infected came from Malang District too. Morphological and postmortem examination findings that 53% of adult cattle (2-3 years), adult goat and sheep (1-1,5 years) were 78% and 89% respectively have abnormalities in the liver. This data showed adult livestock more resistant to fasciolosis infection. From that data above that further surveys should be carried out to understanding on the epidemiology of fascioliasis in the study area and classified risk factors affecting the infection.

Coprological Detection of Bovine Fasciolosis in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

Bovine Fasciolosis is a vector – borne zoonosis and one of the most neglected tropical diseases that cause huge economic losses and poor animal conditions in Nigeria. The prevalence of Fasciolosis in Cattle slaughtered in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja was investigated. Faecal samples were collected from the cattle antemortem and analysed using copro ELISA test-kits and gross lesions were inspected at postmortem. Out of one hundred and eighty six (186) faecal samples analysed, over-all prevalence was 98(52.7%). From each abattoir was 38 (38.8%), 36 (36.7%) and 24 (24.5%) at Karu, Dei-Dei and Gwagwalada abattoirs respectively. Based on body condition scoring, infection rates were 39 (58.2%), 45 (58.4%) and 20 (47.6%) from cattle with poor, moderate and good body conditions accordingly. Males had a higher prevalence rate of 48 (50%) than females with 40 (44.4%). Based on the breed of cattle, infection rate of the diseases was 41 (66.1%), 39 (62.9%) and 20 (32.3%) in White fulani, Sokotogudali and Red bororo accordingly. Out of 186 cattle inspected at postmortem, 47 livers were condemned totally due to the presence of liver flukes (Fasciola species) in the hepatic parenchyma, fluke tracts, livers were friable and chirrotic. This led to an estimated loss of about three million, one hundred and two thousand naira (3,102,000.00). There was no statistically significant association between the infection and breed, sex and body condition score (p>0.05). Treatment of all cattle with an effective flukicides, vector control, enlightening of cattle farmers for proper intervention against fasciolosis are recommended.

Coprological Detection of Bovine Fasciolosis in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

Bovine Fasciolosis is a vector – borne zoonosis and one of the most neglected tropical diseases that cause huge economic losses and poor animal conditions in Nigeria. The prevalence of Fasciolosis in Cattle slaughtered in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja was investigated. Faecal samples were collected from the cattle antemortem and analysed using copro ELISA test-kits and gross lesions were inspected at postmortem. Out of one hundred and eighty six (186) faecal samples analysed, over-all prevalence was 98(52.7%). From each abattoir was 38 (38.8%), 36 (36.7%) and 24 (24.5%) at Karu, Dei-Dei and Gwagwalada abattoirs respectively. Based on body condition scoring, infection rates were 39 (58.2%), 45 (58.4%) and 20 (47.6%) from cattle with poor, moderate and good body conditions accordingly. Males had a higher prevalence rate of 48 (50%) than females with 40 (44.4%). Based on the breed of cattle, infection rate of the diseases was 41 (66.1%), 39 (62.9%) and 20 (32.3%) in White fulani, Sokotogudali and Red bororo accordingly. Out of 186 cattle inspected at postmortem, 47 livers were condemned totally due to the presence of liver flukes (Fasciola species) in the hepatic parenchyma, fluke tracts, livers were friable and chirrotic. This led to an estimated loss of about three million, one hundred and two thousand naira (3,102,000.00). There was no statistically significant association between the infection and breed, sex and body condition score (p>0.05). Treatment of all cattle with an effective flukicides, vector control, enlightening of cattle farmers for proper intervention against fasciolosis are recommended.

Integrated treatment of cattle in fasсiolosis

One of the reasons for the unprofi tability of dairy cattle breeding is fasciolose invasion. This disease can cause signifi cant economic damage in the form of a decrease in the milk production of cows, a decrease in the growth of young animals and a negative impact on the reproduction and renewal of the herd. The domestic veterinary market is saturated with a large number of various anti-trematode drugs of both foreign and domestic production, however, the price/eff ectiveness of anthelmintics remains a key aspect for animal owners. However, against parasitic drugs, they only destroy the parasite in the body of sick animals, without pouring in on the processes of recovery of the body after invasion. Longterm use of the same drugs, violation of the instructions for use of the latter leads to an increase in the number of reports of scientists from around the world about the increase in the number of cases of development of fasciol resistance in anthelmintics. That is why the search and testing of new therapeutic combinations that ensure the release of cattle from trematodes and helped restore disturbed physiological functions remain relevant today. The study presents the results of testing the use of a combination of rafenzene emulsion and infusion of St. John's wort on cattle fascioliasis in the conditions of the dairy industry of the Kyiv region. The purpose of the study was to study the therapeutic effi cacy of a combination of aetiotropic and pathogenetic therapies of calves for fasciulosis - rafenzol emulsion and infusion of herbs with St. John's wort. The young cattle of the black-bred breed, aged 12-18 months, were examined and their faeces sampled. The calves were monitored for 30 days during the experiment. They paid attention to the general condition. Heart rate, body temperature and respiratory rate were measured. Studies of individual organs and systems were performed according to conventional methods. Coprological studies were performed on the 10th and 30th day of observation. Used the method of sequential fl ushing faces. Calves, one of which was a control, was formed to study the eff ectiveness of antitrematodes measures. In each of them there were 5 animals, aff ected by fascioles, selected on the principle of analogues. The calves of the fi rst group were administered rafenzol emulsion at a dose of 0.75 ml of the preparation per 10 kg of body weight inside once, the animals of group 2 used the drug similar to the fi rst group. Previously they were fed with infusion of herbs St. John's wort. The control group was not treated.The results of the study indicate that the young is large aff ected with fascioles and the average invasion intensity is 48% and the intensity is 17 copies of eggs, respectively. Complex use of rafenzol emulsion with infusion of herbs with St. John's wort, according to the scheme, after 80 days revealed 80% of the extent and intensity. After 30 days, the indicator improved to 100%. Extensibility and intensifi cation of one rafenzol emulsion, after 10 days was 40%, for 30 days the effi ciency increased to 80%. St. John's wort improves the regeneration of tissue-damaged fasciolosis. It contributes to the absorption of feed and restore productivity. Therefore, treatment and prevention of fasciulosis in the farm is best done comprehensively. Key words: rafenzene emulsion, st. John's wort herb infusion, fasciolosis, disease intensity and intensity, effi cacy and drug intensity.

Prevalence and economic significance of bovine fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Debre-Tabor municipal abattoir.

Prevalence and economic significance of bovine fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Debre-Tabor municipal abattoir.

Prevalence of Fascioliasis and Dicrocoeliasis in Cattle Slaughtered in Some Abattoirs in Akure Metropolis, Ondo State, Nigeria

The study was carried out in March-May 2019 to investigate the prevalence of fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis in cattle slaughtered in parts of Akure abattoir, Ondo State, Nigeria. Two hundred (200) bile samples from cattle were collected from both male and female cattle. The parasitological analysis of the bile sample was carried out by sedimentation technique. Prevalence of Fasciola gigantica was (50.5%) for Dicrocoelium hospes was 16.0% and double infections accounted for (5.5%). Prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infections was high in female cattle (57.7%) compared to their male counterparts (38.9%). For Dicrocoelium hospes, the infection was higher in male (18.2%) than in the female (14.6%) while the prevalence of double infections was higher in males (7.8%) than in the females (4.07). The high infection rate for Fasciola gigantica (84.0%) and Dicrocoelium hospes (62.0%) was found to be high at Busa abattoir. Double infection was observed to be high at Oke-Odu abattoir (10%) than in other abattoirs while no infection was observed at Bola meat abattoir. Overall age prevalence of fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis (82.8%) was within the age bracket of 9-10yrs while the least infection (54.2%) fall within the age bracket of 7-8yrs. Prevalence of fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis in Sannia breed was 90.2% followed by the Ambala breed (84.0%) while the least was 31.2% in the White Fulani breed. This study which revealed a high prevalence of fascioliasis and dicrocoeliasis among cattle slaughtered in the studied abattoir possesses a threat to healthy livestock productions and it is significant public health importance. Adequate measures to improving the veterinary services are needed to put in place to reduce the economic losses accruing to these infections.

PREVALENCE AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF BOVINE FASCIOLIASIS, WITH UNUSUAL MIGRATION TO LUNG IN NEW-VALLEY GOVERNORATE

The main objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis in cattle, and to describe the histopathological changes in liver and lung. A total of 600 slaughtered bull's l ≤ 2 years were examined grossly to investigate Fasciola infection, from abattoirs in New-Valley Governorate. The livers of 120 bulls (20%) were positive for fascioliasis, with unusual migration to lung. The results indicated that Fasciola hepatica was more prevalent than other flukes infections including Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatogigantica (58.3 vs. 12.5 and 29.2%, respictivelly). The histopathological examinations illustrate the presence of acute fascioliasis (66.7%), chronic fascioliasis (33.3%), and ectopic lesion of Fascioliasis (3.3 %). From the above results it could be concluded that bovine fascioliasis is endemic in New –Valley, constitutes a major cause of economic losses and threat public health

Human and Animal Fascioliasis in Iran: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of fascioliasis in humans, cattle, sheep, and goats, done by a systematic review in Iran. Fifty articles were extracted including Iranian papers such as Google scholar, Magiran, Iran Medex, SID, and Pubmed. Out of these, 21 articles were selected for meta-analysis. Essential information for meta-analysis was extracted from papers and archived in Excel software for calculating by statistical analysis. The variance of each study was obtained using the binomial distribution. Heterogeneity of the studies was surveyed using I2 index. Data were analyzed using a random effect model. Of 21 collected papers, 1,275,506 samples from cow (507,152), sheep (454,882), goat (207,925), and human (105,547) had been surveyed in Iran. Eight studies were conducted on humans and 13 on animals. The prevalence rate obtained in humans was 3% with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% (1%-7%). Prevalence rate obtained in cows, sheep, and goats was 13% with CI of 95% (10%-16%). The highest level of prevalence was reported from cities in the North in animals with a prevalence of 14%. The highest level of prevalence was reported from Gilan in humans with a prevalence of 0.1%. The prevalence of the Fascioliasis in Iran has reduced in recent years, But the importance of the disease has not reduced and there is a possibility of an epidemic. Furthermore, in many cities of Iran, there is no study on the disease.

Treatment of Chronic Fascioliasis in Cattle with Gelmicidum and Fascocidum

Scientific and field trials have shown a high intensity of Fasciola hepatica infection in cattle, the recommended dose of the complex preparation of Gelmicidum 7.5 g for every 100 kg of body weight is once inwardly provided extensity of efficacy of 80%, intensity of efficacy of 83.8%. In this case, it was quite justified to increase the therapeutic dose of the drug by 13% and assign 8.5 g/100 kg of b/w, which provided a high extensity of efficacy (EE – 100%) and intensity of efficacy (IE - 100%). The results of the trials confirmed the previously obtained data on the efficacy EE – 96.7%, IE – 97.7% of the Gelmicidum preparation in the optimal dose of 8.5 g/100 kg of b/w which corresponds to a dose of 5.95 mg/kg of oxyclosanide and 17 mg/kg of albendazole according to the active substance. Fascocidum revealed 95.6% IE at the recommended dose of 10 mg/kg b/w at single oral administration with feed. The economic effect was 85.9 rubles per cow per day compared to the base variant in the first group (Gelmicidum) and 46.5 rubles in the second (Fascocidum) group. The total economic effect was 154.6 thousand rubles in the group of cows during the experience after treatment (3 months) compared with the base drug in the first group (Gelmicidum) and was 83.7 thousand rubles for the second group (Fascocidum).

Prevalence and economic losses due to fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered under a municipal inspection regime in Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro

Liver disease known as "liver cheap" is a zoonotic disease, it is caused by the helminth fasciola hepatica. There are definitive hosts that are bovine, the parasite infects the liver of the bovine, and also the intermediate hosts that are lymnea snails, they shelter themselves in humid grazing and dams. Infected livers are condemned by the inspection service in the slaughterhouses, as they are considered unfit for human consumption, and thus entail great economic losses for the refrigerating industries. In the municipality of Itaperuna in the state of Rio de Janeiro, the focus of this study, there is a high prevalence of this disease. The average rate of occurrence of hepatic Fasciola in cattle slaughtered in the municipality from January 2017 to April 2018 was 15.4%. In this scenario, the objective of this study was to analyze and report the rates of condemnation of bovine livers due to hepatic fasciolosis in a refrigerator under municipal inspection service located in Itaperuna-RJ and to measure the economic losses caused by this parasite. With a result of a period of 14 months it obtained a loss of R $ 4,480.00. Emphasizing the importance of the dissemination of these data to raise awareness among producers about the prevention of this endemic disease in our region, such as deworming of animals and proper management of grazing.

Prevalencia de fascioliasis en ovinos y bovinos en la provincia de Pataz, La Libertad, Perú, mediante examen coproparasitológico y Western Blot

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de fascioliasis en ovinos y bovinos en cinco distritos de la Provincia de Pataz, La Libertad, Perú, mediante examen coprológico y western blot. El estudio fue de tipo transversal prospectivo. Se evaluaron muestras de heces y de sangre de 388 ovinos y 365 bovinos de los distritos de Buldibuyo, Chillia, Huaylillas, Taurija y Urpay, entre abril y octubre de 2015 por los métodos de formol-éter y Kato Katz y de Western Blot. El 61.8% de ovinos y el 86.8% de bovinos presentaron anticuerpos anti-Fasciola hepatica (serología positiva) y el 42.3% de los ovinos y el 62.4% de los bovinos presentaron huevos de F. hepatica en heces (coprología positiva). Los distritos de Buldibuyo, Chillia y Huaylillas presentaron las mayores prevalencias de fascioliasis, tanto en ovinos como en bovinos. Se concluye que la provincia de Pataz puede ser considerada zona hiperendémica a fasciolosis por Fasciola hepatica.

Prevalence of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered at Maiduguri Municipal Abattoir, Borno State, Nigeria

Bovine fascioliasis is a parasitic disease caused by trematodes usually Fasciola gigantica and rarely Fasciola hepatica in the tropics. The study determined the seasonal prevalence of fascioliasis and its relationship among breeds, ages and sexes of cattle slaughtered at Maiduguri municipal abattoir. A total of three hundred (300) faecal and gall bladder samples were collected from June 2015-May 2016 and examined using modified McMaster sedimentation techniques to detect Fasciola spp eggs. An overall prevalence of 13.67% was obtained. The prevalence was higher in dry season (15.3%) than rainy season (12.0%) although not statistically significant (p>0.05). Breed disposition also indicates high prevalence in Red Bororo (6.0%), followed by White Fulani (3.7%) and least in Cross Breeds (2.3%) with insignificant association (p>0.05). Age specific prevalence revealed in adult (8.3%), (12.3%) and in the calf (3.7%), (3.0%) respectively in both seasons. Based on sex, prevalence of fascioliasis varies significantly (p<0.05) between female (7.0%) and male (5.0%) during rainy season, while no significant association (p>0.05) was observed during dry season between female (9.0%) and male (6.3%). Likelihood of infestation with fasciola varies significantly (p<0.05) between breeds during dry season, whereas no statistical significant association (p>0.05) was observed between ages and sexes of cattle in both seasons. In conclusion, Fasciola infestation was prevalent in cattle slaughtered at the abattoir. The need for grazing land in form of ranches for herdsmen as well as snail control programme with the use of flukicides to reduce snail population in the study area is advocated.Keywords: Fascioliasis; cattle; prevalence; abattoir; infestation; Maiduguri.

Methodical guidelines on the control of fasciolosis in cattle in the Kaluga region

Information is provided on the causative agents of fasciolosis and the developmental biology of Fasciola hepatica. Fasciolosis of cattle is widespread in the conditions of the Kaluga Region and the Central Federal District on farms of different forms of ownership. The greatest number of F. hepatica eggs in 1 g of feces in cattle is established in JSC "Iskra" - 175,4 specimens, the lowest - in the samples from cows from private farms - 87,6 sp. At the opening slaughter of cattle at meat processing plants region and slaughterhouses invasion of their fasciolae was 34.8%. The average number fascial one infected animal was 32.1 specimens, including adult - and larval specimens of 25.2 and 6.9 copies At veterinary-sanitary expertise and helminthological autopsy of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts installed year-round invasion fasciolae mainly in the adult stage. Young animals of the current year are infected with fasciola in the pasture massly in August-September, and the extent of invasion in November was 4.3%, for winter-stabling months an average of 12.6%, in March - 17.9% and in April after de-worming - 5.9%.The data obtained in the study of the distribution of the small pond has shown that in the Kaluga region these mollusks are widespread. In this case, the invasion of the small pond snail by larval forms of fasciolae in different years has its own peculiarities, which are influenced by climatic factors.The different dosage forms of clozantel - Rolenol and Santel and Genamectin with mixed fascioliasis and hypodermatosis of bovine in the recommended dose against subcutaneous gadfly larvae - provided 100% efficacy. The tested dosage forms of clozantel are similar in effectiveness against subcutaneous gadfly larvae (EE-100%) and fasciol (EE-95 and 90%, IE-97.4 and 96.3%).The therapeutic and economic effectiveness of complex domestic preparations of Helmicide and Fascocida in spontaneous fascioliasis of cattle is studied.

English

Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease caused by either Fasciola hepatica or Faciola gigantica. These parasitic infections are of global significance causing diseases in different mammalian species including humans. In this study, the prevalence and economic significance of Fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Gondar Elfora abattoirs was assessed. A total of 400 cattle were examined and 85 cattle (21.2%) were affected by fasciolosis. This findings indicated that, the prevalence of cattle fasiolosis is significantly affected by the age of the animals (P < 0.05), where young animals (27.7%) were more affected than the adult ones (17.1%). Body conditions disclosed a significant relation with Fasciola infection. Poor body conditioned animals showed the highest prevalence (30.8%) followed by medium (19.5%) and good body conditioned animals (17%). There were statistical significant differences between the different geographical locations. Highest prevalence of fasciolosis was exhibited in animals originated from Dembiya (50%) followed by Debarq (31.6%), Wogera (15%), Gondar zuria (13.5%), Belesa (12.9%), Dansha (11.9%) and Metema (4.7%). As recorded, due to cattle fasciolosis livers were condemned for human consumption. Thus, based on retail value of cattle liver, the direct economic loss from fasciolosis in Gondar Elfora abattoir was estimated to be 63,600 Ethiopian Birr (2316.948 USD) annually. In conclusion, cattle fasciolosis is one of the major parasitic diseases in the study area. Therefore appropriate control measures should be designed and implemented so as to reduce financial losses that may occur from organ condemnation and loss of animals from the disease. Key words: Cattle, economy, Elfora abattoir, fasciolosis, prevalence.

Анализ распространения фасциолеза крупного рогатого скота в Тюменской области

<p>Fasciolosis of cattle leads to significant economic losses in agriculture. This paper reports results of studying of the prevalence of cattle fascioliasis on the Tyumen region depending on natural subzones and climatic conditions in the period from 2004 to 2014. The influence of such parameters as the hydrothermal coefficient, the sum of precipitation and average temperatures during the years of the study (for May, June, July) are analyzed. Coprological studies (n 7838) were conducted by the methods of sequential washing and ether-acetic sedimentation to determine the prevalence of fasciolae in cattle. During the study period, the fascioliasis prevalence decreased from 15.97% in 2004 to 2.19% in 2014. The prevalence rate (PR) was 4.76 ± 1.42% in the forest-steppe subarea, 4.89 ± 2.04% in the northern forest-steppe, and 5.63 ± 3.0% in small-leaved aspen-birch forests. Increasing of the prevalence of the cattle fascioliasis was registered along the south-north gradient, from the subzone of the southern forest-steppe (PR 10.14%) to small-leaved aspen-birch forests (PR 22.22%) only in 2004. Decreasing of the prevalence of the cattle fascioliasis from 2004 to 2014 is associated with the dehelminthization of animals. From 2004 to 2010, the correlation coefficient between the fascioliasis prevalence in cattle and the hydrothermal coefficient, the sum of precipitation and average monthly temperatures was 0.49 (P = 0.91), 0.10 (P = 0.83), 0.76 (P = 0.05), respectively. The received data show the expressed positive connection of the fascioliasis prevalence and the sum of average temperatures for the period of 2004-2010. An analysis of the impact of climatic conditions on the fascioliasis prevalence in cattle should be considered considering the type and direction of antiparasitic measures in the farms.</p>

Commission and field testing of efficacy of the supramolecular complex of triclabendazole «Triclafascid» against cattle fascioliasis

The purpose of the research: to conduct commission and field testing of efficacy of the supramolecular complex of triclabendazole «Triclafascid» applied at the dose of 2,5-3,0 mg/kg against cattle fasciolosis. Materials and methods. Commission and field testing of Triclafascid were carried out in the private sector of the Chechen Republic in March-April 2017 on cattle naturally infected with Fasciola. Commission testing was performed on 30 animals infected with Fasciola that were divided into two equal groups of 15 animals each. Animals from the first group received triclafascid orally at the single therapeutic dose 2,5 mg a.i./kg (therapeutic dose 25 mg/kg) in water solution. The second group of animals as well as the first group received the substance of triclabendazole at five times lower dose (2,5 mg/kg) in water suspension. In field experiment, triclafascid was given individually to 108 animals at the dose of 3,0 mg a.i./kg (therapeutic dose 30 mg/kg) with compound feed. To determine the grade of animals’ invasion with fascioles, fecal samples were examined by Fuelleborn's method using ammonium nitrate. The average number of Fasciola eggs in 1 g of feces was defined with the use of VIGIS counting chamber. Fecal samples were investigated; the efficacy of the preparation was evaluated 30 days after dehelmintization. The efficacy of triclafascid was estimated by a «critical test» according to the Manual approved by World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (1995). Results and discussion. In commission testing of triclafascid for the treatment of cattle fasciolosis individually orally in water solution at the dose of 2,5 mg /kg and in field experiment at the dose of 3,0 mg /kg with feed compound at five times lower dose, 100 % efficacy was reached (in comparison with triclabendazole).