Agricultural Villages Research Articles

Exploration on the Development Path of Agricultural, Cultural and Tourism Industry Integration Under the Background of Rural Revitalization

The issue of agriculture, countryside and farmers has always been a key concern of the party and the country. The rural revitalization strategy is an important starting point for the work of agriculture, countryside and farmers in the new period. The deep integration of agriculture, culture and tourism is of great significance for boosting rural revitalization, accelerating rural agricultural modernization and promoting rural prosperity and development. Taking Chaxi Village in hongjiang city City, Hunan Province as a case, this study summarizes the Chaxi model of "taking agriculture as the carrier, culture as the core and tourism as the engine" to promote rural revitalization, and provides reference for the rural revitalization strategies of other traditional agricultural villages in Hunan Province from four aspects: the deep integration of agriculture, literature and tourism to promote industrial revitalization, beautiful countryside to help ecological revitalization, rural civilization to empower culture revitalization, and external education to help talent revitalization.

Faktor Produksi Usahatani Padi Sawah Irigasi di Kelurahan Raya Kecamatan Turikale Kabupaten Maros

Production of irrigated lowland rice is influenced by several factors, among others; seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and labor. The purpose of this study was: To determine the factors that influence the production of rice farming in the Raya sub-district, Turikale sub-district, Maros Regency. Data were collected from field observations, direct interviews, filling out questionnaires by respondents, and other data from related agencies, namely the Maros Regency Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Agricultural Extension Center (BPP), and the Greater Village administration. The population in this study was 40 farmers. The analysis used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis to determine the factors that influence the production of irrigated lowland rice farming in Raya village, Turikale sub-district, Maros district. The results of this study can be seen, The factors that influence the production of irrigated lowland rice farming in the Raya sub-district, Turikale sub-district, and Maros district are seeds and fertilizers.

Analisis Kelayakan Investasi Alat Bioreaktor Anaerob Sebagai Reaktor Proses Fermentasi Nutrisi Organik

Farmers in Papungan Village, Blitar Regency, are experiencing problems, namely the lack of subsidized fertilizer from the government to meet the demand for fertilizer for their agricultural land. To meet this shortage, farmers apply organic nutrient fertilizers as a substitute for non-subsidized and chemical fertilizers, but the process of making organic nutrient fertilizers requires a long fermentation process, which is 16-30 days. Therefore it is necessary to have an Anaerobic Bioreactor to help speed up the fermentation. This tool is quite expensive for farmers in Papungan village, so it is necessary to analyze the level of investment feasibility of the Anaerobic Bioreactor tool to find out whether it is worth buying or investing. From the calculation results obtained NPV (Net Present Value) of IDR 9,266,620, IRR (Internal Rate Of Return) of 40.1513% and BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) of 1.0289 so it can be concluded that the purchase of Anaerobic Bioreactors is feasible. Keywords: Bioreaktor Anaerob, Investment, Organic Nutrient Fertilize.

Organic Fertilizer for Rubber Trees: Implementation of Empowerment Program for Rubber Farmers in Pagar Dewa Village

Pagar Dewa Village is located in Lubai Ulu District, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province, with vast natural potential for rubber plantations. In line with this condition, the majority of the community in Pagar Dewa Village works as rubber farmers. However, the potential has not been fully realized to its maximum benefit by the rubber farmers in Pagar Dewa Village. Various issues are faced by rubber farmers, ranging from the increase in non-subsidized fertilizer prices, the absence of fertilization for the past three years, limited information available to rubber farmers, to the threat of forest and land fires. In response to these issues, PT Perusahaan Gas Negara Tbk - Pagardewa Gas Compressor Station, through its CSR program, has implemented a community empowerment program based on rubber farmers. The program, titled "Self-Reliant, Alert, Resilient, and Prosperous Rubber Farmers" (MAS TANI MAPAN), began by reviving the farmer cooperative that had experienced a non-active phase and assisting in managing the institution. It also developed the cooperative into fertilizer, seed, and honey working groups (Pokja Pupuk, Pokja Bibit, and Pokja Madu). This program also enhances the capacity of rubber farmers through training in seedling cultivation and organic fertilizer production for rubber trees.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Agricultural Production and Productivity in Banavaram Village of Vellore District of Tamil Nadu

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on agricultural production and productivity in Tamil Nadu. A total of 147 farmers was surveyed in Banavaram village of Vellore district (93% male; 28% 30-39 years old; 38% literates). About one in ten farmers (10%) did not harvest in the past month with primary reasons cited being unfavorable weather (36%) and lockdown-related reasons (26%). A total of 65% of farmers harvested in the past month (primarily paddy and vegetables), but only 45% had sold their crop; 13% were still trying to sell their crop and 38% had stored their crop, with more than half (55%) reporting lockdown-related issues as the reason for storing. Seventy-nine per cent of households with wage-workers witnessed a decline in wages in the past month and 49% of households with incomes from livestock witnessed a decline. Nearly all farmers reported less productivity (97%). These values are much lower than reported previously for farmers in Banavaram village around this time of year before COVID-19. In conclusion, we found that the COVID-19 lockdown in India has primarily impacted farmers’ ability to produce their crops and livestock products which directly affect their day-to-day activity and standard of living.

Kajian Simpanan Biji Pala Oleh Petani Di Desa Morela Kecamatan Leihitu Maluku Tengah

The habit of storing the harvest in the form of nutmeg is something that has become a culture among the people of Morela village, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. This research will examine theoretically the economic variables that influence the storage of dry nutmeg seeds by farming households. To analyze the relationship between variables that cause savings choices, an inter-time model is used. The choice is based on the meaning of the present and future times. If the present time is more meaningful then farmers will sell the nutmeg seeds they have and conversely if the future time is more meaningful it will increase the amount of nutmeg savings. The variables included in this research are relative price variables, current income and future income. This research uses primary data through interviews and questionnaires. The samples taken based on the purposive random sampling method were 75 farmers in Morela village. To analyze the magnitude of the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable, cross-section regression was used using the Eviews tool. The results of the research show that the price variables at harvest, the estimated future price of cloves, and future consumption influence the clove savings of farmer households.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Gadingkulon Dau Kabupaten Malang melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Kefir untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Ekonomis Susu Sapi

Gadingkulon Village, Dau District, Malang Regency, is one of the villages producing cow's milk, which is quite productive. To increase the economic value of cow's milk, one way of processing it is to make it into kefir. Kefir is a fermented drink made from cow's milk using kefir seeds, which has the benefit of being a probiotic that is needed to maintain body immunity, especially during a pandemic. Training on making cow's milk kefir for a group of cow's milk farmers in Gadingkulon village can provide another alternative for processing cow's milk to produce a halal probiotic product to increase people's immunity during a pandemic while at the same time increasing the selling value of cow's milk which has the potential to increase the income of cow's milk farmers. This empowerment activity was carried out using the observation and training method with the target of PKK women in Gadingkulon Village. The information results stated that the activity participants needed to become more familiar with the terms and benefits of kefir as a probiotic drink, which helps increase body immunity. The results of the community empowerment showed that the participants could understand and practice how to make cow's milk kefir, pack it aseptically, and form a kefir community in the Gadingkulon village.

Budidaya Kepiting Bakau (Scylla Serrata) Teknologi Apartemen Sistem Resirkulasi Desa Cot Lamkuweueh, Kota Banda Aceh

It is one of the important and potential economic products of Aceh province. Wild crabs have great potential and prospects for aquaculture development. This can be seen from the large number of ponds in Banda Aceh city. Currently, the mangrove crab farming model using a floating cage system is the most popular in Aceh. The problem is that natural conditions cannot be controlled, so water quality changes drastically, making it difficult for farming to achieve success above 80%. Syiah Kuala University Aquaculture Research Program Community Services Group has developed a mangrove crab farming unit with a vertical apartment system equipped with a water circulation system or RAS. The apartment system is designed with 4 floors, each floor has 10 crab boxes. The time it takes for crabs to molt during spawning is 15-20 days with a survival rate of 80-90%. Hopefully this technology transfer to partners will become an educational model for mangrove crab farmers in Cot Lamkuweueh village, Banda Aceh city.

Strategi Nafkah Petani Tomat (Lycopersicom Esculentum Mill) Di Desa Lowian Kecamatan Maesaan Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan

This study was conducted to determine and analyze the livelihood strategies of tomato farmers in Lowian Village, Maesaan District, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. The research was conducted from November 2022 to February 2023. The research location is in Lowian Village, Maesaan District, South Minahasa Regency. This research method used primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained by conducting direct interviews with tomato farmers in Lowian Village, Maesaan District. Secondary data were obtained from relevant agencies or institutions involved in the research. The selection of research samples is purposively (puporsive sampling) where the sample is tomato farmers who have their own land, the main source of farmer income is tomato farming and at least 5 years of growing tomatoes in Lowian Village, Maesaan District, South Minahasa Regency. The population of tomato farmers in Lowian Village amounted to 10 people and the sample was 3 farmers who were willing to be interviewed further. Analyzing livelihood strategies using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that the livelihood strategy used by tomato farmers in Lowian Village, Maesaan Subdistrict in the accumulation strategy, respondent farmers applied the accumulation strategy to obtain agricultural land from initially only having narrow land by applying the accumulation strategy farmers can buy land and obtain large land. Consolidation strategy, respondent farmers apply a consolidation strategy by buying land close to the house and land with one another close together so as to form a large expanse that can facilitate farmers in cultivating farming. Intesification strategies are carried out by respondent farmers by planting several types of plants, carrying out maintenance and providing fertilizers.

Analisis Pendapatan Usahatani Tomat Apel Di Desa Tonsewer Selatan Kecamatan Tompaso Barat Kabupaten Minahasa

This study aims to determine the Apple Tomato Farming Income in South Tosewer Village, West Tompaso District, Minahasa Regency. This research was conducted from February to April 2023. The data collected included primary data obtained from direct interviews with tomato farmers as owners using questionnaires. Secondary data were obtained through research reports on the internet, journals and others related to the research. Sampling using purposive sampling method. The sample in the study amounted to 4 people who had tomato farms as owners and who harvested together in the last growing season. The research was analyzed using farm analysis, namely cost analysis, revenue, income and continued with the revenue cost ratio. The results showed that the average income obtained in Apple Tomato farming in South Tonsewer Village, West Tompaso District, Minahasa Regency was Rp52,098,950 per one planting period, which was obtained from the average revenue of Rp62,125,000 and the average total cost of Rp10,026,250. The R/C Ratio analysis shows that Apple Tomato farming in South Tonsewer Village, West Tompaso District, Minahasa Regency is feasible. This can be seen from the ratio of total income to total costs which is greater than one, namely 6.196.

Peran BUMDes Terhadap Pendapatan Petani Di Desa Karangsono Kecamatan Dander Kabupaten Bojonegoro

This study aims to examine the management of BUMDes, examine the role of BUMDes on farmers' income, and to examine the supporting and inhibiting factors of BUMDes Mulyo Lestari. This study used qualitative research, the location and time of the research was carried out in Karangsono Village, Dander District, Bojonegoro Regency from March to June 2023. The selected informants were informants who knew the situation and could provide reliable information about the object being studied. Data collection techniques are in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques is inductive method through providing a clear description of problem information, then interpreting them in accordance with the results of research conducted based on theoretical support related to the research object, while data validation techniques use triangulation, data reduction, data collection, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the role of BUMDes in the income of farmers in Karangsono village has helped farmers earn a decent income, it's just that sustainable management is still not optimal. BUMDes management is already running in accordance with organizational management rules, but the functions in organizing, activating and supervising are still not optimal. The supporting factors for BUMDes are the existence of capital participation from the village government and high natural resources, while the low quality of human resources and the lack of community involvement in achieving BUMDes goals, are obstacles for BUMDes.

Hubungan antara Peranan Kelompok Tani dengan Pendapatan Petani Bunga Krisan di Desa Pasirlangu Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bandung Barat

The purpose of the research was to determine the relationship between the role of farmer groups and the income of chrysanthemum farmers in Pasirlangu Village, Cisarua District, West Bandung Regency. Verification survey research method, sampling was done by simple random sampling method, 20 samples from a population of 36 group members. The relationship between the role of farmer groups and income were analyzed by the Spearman rank test. The results showed that the role of the chrysanthemum farmer group in carrying out its functions as a learning class was included in the medium category, the function as a vehicle for collaboration was included in the medium category, and the function as a production unit was included in the high category, cumulatively included in the high category. Chrysanthemum farming income for farmers who were members of farmer groups in 2023 when used production costs is included in the high category, when farming activities were included in the high category, and when increasing production, it is included in the high category. Cumulatively, it is included in the high category, meaning that the income of chrysanthemum farmers had increased. The relationship between the role of farmer groups and increasing income, in carrying out its function as a learning class and as a vehicle for cooperation, had an insignificant relationship. The role of the group as a production unit had a real (significant) relationship to the income of chrysanthemum farmers in Pasir Langu Village, Cisarua District, West Bandung Regency.

Social Mapping of Fish Farming Communities in Cikancung Village, Cikancung District, Bandung Regency

This study aims to compile a social mapping of fish farming communities and social factors that influence fishery development in cikancung village, cikancung district, bandung regency. This research method is a survey method. This research was carried out from july 2023 – august 2023 in cikancung village. The data required is qualitative data, namely primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through interviews and questionnaires with fish farmers in cikancung village, while secondary data was obtained through documents from the cikancung village government and the food and fisheries security service, bandung regency, west java. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data analysis method in this research is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the social conditions of the cultivators were in the productive age with a secondary education level. Livelihoods as fish cultivators are sidelines. Most of the fish farming business is carried out by men, while women play a role in domestic activities. The social stratification of the cultivating community is at the lower strata, namely as ordinary people. Social factors that hinder cultivators in developing their business are uneven levels of education, lack of counseling, and cultivation as a side livelihood. There is a need for ongoing research regarding socio-economic mapping By using variables and other methods to monitor What are the social and economic conditions of the fish farming community in Cikancung village, cikancung district, bandung regency and also There needs to be more intensive outreach and training activities To fish farmers in cikancung village so that business activities are carried out Implemented can be more advanced and developed.

Farm Sustainability Assessment and Model: Achieving Food Security through the Food Estate Program in North Sumatra

Improving food crop production is critical for achieving food security. The Food Estate (FE) program initiated by the government seeks to accomplish this through extensive and intensive farming practices while taking sustainability into consideration. In this paper, a multidimensional scaling (MDS) approach to determine the status and model of agricultural sustainability of the FE program was adopted. Three scenarios were developed to improve the sustainability status based on primary data from interviews with 50 farmers in Ria-Ria Village, Pollung District, North Sumatra. The findings indicate that the farming status is at a moderate sustainability, and improving all aspects can significantly increase the sustainability value. The study suggests that the government should prioritize the improvement of all aspects to raise the sustainability status of FE farming in order to achieve food security.

DAMPAK PENGEMBANGAN AGROWISATA KOPI TERHADAP SOSIAL EKONOMI PETANI DI DESA COLOL KECAMATAN LAMBA LEDA TIMUR KABUPATEN MANGGARAI TIMUR

This research was conducted in Colol Village, East Lamba Leda District, East Manggarai Regency in February 2023. This study aims to determine: (1) the activities carried out by coffee agrotourism farmers in Colol Village (2) the impact of developing coffee agrotourism on the socio-economic conditions of farmers (3) Differences in income of coffee agro-farmer farmers before and after Colol Coffee Agro-tourism was established (4) contribution of coffee farming income to coffee farmer household income. The analytical tool used is the Paired Sample T-test and Revenue Contribution analysis. The results showed that (1) the activities carried out by Colol Coffee Agrotourism farmers in tourist attraction areas such as: land clearing, promoting and selling coffee, making agrotourism facilities, a guide caffee shop and home stay (2) the impact of Colol Coffee Agrotourism development brought socio-economic changes to the people in Colol Village such as: Increasing job opportunities and training people to be more creative and innovative (3) the income of farmers after the inauguration of agro-tourism is higher than the income of farmers before the inauguration of agro-tourism, which is shown by the results of the Paired Sample T-test which has a value of 0.015 (<0.05) (4) The amount of contribution from coffee farming to the total farmer household income that is equal to 79,55%.

PENDAPATAN DAN KELAYAKAN USAHATANI PADI DI DESA LETBAUN KECAMATAN SEMAU KABUPATEN KUPANG

This research was carried out in Letbaun Village, Semau District, Kupang Regency. In August-September 2022. The research aims to determine (1) the size of farmers' income and (2) the feasibility of rice farming in Letbaun Village, Semau District, Kupang Regency. Data was collected by interviewing 60 farmers (Census). Data analysis was carried out in a quantitative descriptive manner. The results showed that the average income of the respondent,s pet rice farming in Letbaun village, Semau district was of IDR .6,488 148.75, while the income per hectare received by respondent farmers was of IDR.10.191.439. Rice farming in Letbaun Village, Semau District, Kupang Regency worth cultivating with and R/C Ratio of 3.64. Rice production is greater than BEP production (76697 kg > 21,080kg) and the rice price of IDR 7,000/kg is above the BEP price of IDR. 1,924/kg.And the results of the research, rice farming in Letbaun Village, Semau District, Kupang Regency, is feasible to work on.

Adoption of Production Practices to Mitigate Aflatoxin Following Research Projects in Selected Villages in Ghana

Aflatoxin (a mycotoxin caused by Aspergillus spp.) in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and other crops can have a major negative impact on human health. Previous research has been conducted to mitigate aflatoxin in the supply chain. However, documentation of adoption of proven interventions that decrease contamination by aflatoxin is limited in peanut. One objective of the research reported in this paper was to determine adoption of effective interventions for aflatoxin mitigation by farmers involved in a research project designed to quantify contamination in the field prior to harvest, immediately after drying, and following storage. A second objective was to compare adoption by spillover farmers (e.g., farmers not involved in the research project living in the same community as the research farmers) and a control group of farmers in other villages not exposed to the research project. The empirical study was conducted in Ghana from 2016 and 2017 to compare strategies to increase yield and reduce aflatoxin in peanut in five communities. Information on findings of the research were discussed among participating farmers and other local farmers through farmer field schools. Increases in yield and reductions in aflatoxin contamination were documented in this research and are reported elsewhere. Understanding concepts and implementing improved practices in the field, during drying, and in storage by farmers involved directly in research trials, farmers within research-targeted communities, and farmers in nearby communities without access to findings from the research were determined using a survey instrument near the end of the project in 2017 and 2018. Adoption of improved practices by farmers participating in the research and those of farmers influenced through discussions with participating farmers were often greater than a control group of farmers influenced by outcomes. For example, farmers in the research group and farmers gaining knowledge from the research findings dried peanuts on tarpaulins more than the control group of farmers. Farmers with greater exposure to the potentially negative impacts of aflatoxin on human health were less likely to consume peanut containing the mold causing aflatoxin and were more likely to discard contaminated peanut rather than selling them in the market.

Malaria epidemiological characteristics and control in Guangzhou, China, 1950–2022

BackgroundMalaria was once widespread in Guangzhou, China. However, a series of control measures have succeeded in eliminating local malaria infections. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of malaria epidemics in Guangzhou, China, from 1950 to 2022, the changes and effectiveness of malaria control strategies and surveillance management in Guangzhou from 1950 to 2022 are described.MethodsData on malaria prevention and treatment in Guangzhou from 1950 to 2022 were collected, and descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyse the prevalence of malaria, preventive and control measures taken, and the effectiveness of prevention and treatment in different periods. Data on malaria cases were obtained from the Guangzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the China Communicable Disease Reporting System.ResultsThe development of the malaria control system in Guangzhou has gone through four periods: 1. High malaria prevalence (1950–1979), 2. Intensive prevention and control stage (1980–2000), 3. Consolidating gains in malaria control (2001–2008), and 4. Preventing reestablishment of transmission (2009–2022). During Period 1, only medical institutions at all levels and the local CDCs, the Guangzhou CDC participated in the malaria prevention and control system, establishing a three-tier health system on malaria prevention and control. During Period 2, other types of organizations, including the agricultural sector, schools and village committees, the construction department and street committee, are involved in the malaria control system. During Period 3, more and more organizations are joining forces to prevent and control malaria. A well-established multisectoral malaria control mechanism and an improved post-elimination surveillance management system are in place. Between 1950 and 2022, a total of 420,670 cases of malaria were reported. During Period 1, there was an epidemic of malaria in the early 1950s, with an annual incidence rate of more than 10,000/100,000, including a high rate of 2887.98/100,000 in 1954. In Period 2 malaria was gradually brought under control, with the average annual malaria incidence rate dropping to 3.14/100,000. During Period 3, the incidence rate was kept below 1/100,000, and by 2009 local malaria infections were eliminated.ConclusionFor decades, Guangzhou has adopted different malaria control strategies and measures at different epidemic stages. Increased collaboration among civil organizations in Guangzhou in malaria control has led to a significant decline in the number of malaria cases and the elimination of indigenous malaria infections by 2009.The experience of Guangzhou can guide the development of malaria control strategies in other cities experiencing similar malaria epidemics.

Effects of Farmers-Herders Clashes on the Supply and Demand of Foodstuffs: A Case Study of Selected States in Nigeria

The study examined the effects of farmers-herders clashes on foodstuffs supply and demand in Nigeria with special reference to Oyo, Benue, and Ebonyi States in Nigeria. The institutional and environmental factors influencing the clashes, associated effects on foodstuffs supply and demand, and the relevance of management options including modern cattle ranching were explored with the use of the descriptive research approach. The study employed well-structured questionnaire to collect data from 582 farmers in villages across the States. Findings of the study indicated that the farmers-herders clashes involving conflicts over land, water resources, and grazing continue to have significant effect on foodstuffs supply and demand in Nigeria. These have affected agricultural activities and the overall food production system in Nigeria. Addressing these clashes requires a holistic and multi-faceted approach that involves collaboration among government agencies, local communities, civil society organisations, and international partner through careful planning, community engagement, and focus on sustainability to ensure long-term benefits for both food production and economic development. The study therefore recommends Government active adoption of a bottom-top approach to policy decisions that facilitate dialogue and mediation between farmers and herders through engagement of community leaders, religious figures, and local authorities to hold the clashes at bay and sustainably increase foodstuffs supply and demand in Nigeria. Keywords: Foodstuffs, Clashes, Herders, Farmers. Demands, Supply, Nigeria Journal Reference Format: Adewale, A.O. & Ishaku, A. (2023): Effects of Farmers-Herders Clashes on the Supply and Demand of Foodstuffs: A Case Study of Selected States in Nigeria. Humanities, Management, Arts, Education & the Social Sciences Journal. Vol. 11. No. 3, Pp 59-68. www.isteams.net/humanitiesjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/HUMANITIES/V11N3P5

Eksistensi Generasi Muda dalam Menjaga Ketahanan Pangan Untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan: Studi di Desa Kadungrembug, Kabupaten Sidoarjo.

This study was conducted to identify and analyze the importance of the role played by the younger generation in Kadungrembug Village's agricultural development to maintain food security and other fields relevant to agriculture. This research uses a descriptive qualitative analysis method. Data was predominantly obtained from primary data. most of them came from local residents aged 16-30 years and worked as farmers and non-farmers as well as village government officials. The results of this study indicate that the agricultural development of Kadungrembug Village has not been fully successful, even though there are many advanced technologies for managing rice fields. So the welfare of farmers is still not felt by Kadungrembug Village farmers. The role played by the younger generation towards Kadungrembug Village's agriculture has not been maximized due to the lack of awareness and literacy of the younger generation on the importance of loving domestic products. This can be seen from how often they use or consume local products such as tubers, local rice, and secondary crops. So, the corresponding suggestion is that the local Karang Taruna can get opportunities in various village forums, especially in empowerment and agriculture forums.