Welfare Of Farmers Research Articles

Multidimensional analysis for assessing sustainability determinants of rice farming in Siak, Riau

Abstract This study was conducted in five villages in Bunga Raya District (Kemuning Muda, Bunga Raya, Tuah Indrapura, Jayapura, and Buantan Lestari), the rice production centers of Siak Regency, Riau. The research location was selected based on the largest percentage of rice field area. The research was conducted from January to July 2019. This research aims to determine sustainable lowland rice farming management variables for future lowland rice farming development in Bunga Raya District, Siak Regency. Purposive sampling was used to choose the 82 sample farmers, who were selected using the Slovin equation. The respondents are selected with a margin of error of 7% of the total population of farmer families. Data was gathered through the use of interview techniques, questionnaires, and field observations. Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) was used to analyze sustainable rice farming management factors after updating the Rapfish program. According to the findings of the sustainability study of 42 studied variables, 12 of them show sensitivity. Five of the ten stakeholder needs attributes were examined to provide sensitivity. The combined analysis of current prospective sustainability with stakeholders yielded five attributes determining factors for the sustainability of lowland rice farming in Bunga Raya: land conversion, participation in training/extension services, pesticide use, agro-tourism potential, and farmer capital availability. Another recommendation that policy makers need to consider, which is no less important, is to always preserve the rice field ecosystem by developing natural and human resources, so that increasing the welfare of farmers and increasing regional income can be achieved.

Collaboration Partnership Model Between Sugarcane Farmers And PG Madukismo

Purpose: This study aims to identify the partnership collaboration model at PG Madukismo, detailing the rights and obligations of both parties, and to understand the benefits and challenges within the partnership. Methodology: The research was conducted at PG Madukismo in Padokan Tirtonirmolo Kasihan, Bantul Regency. A qualitative case study approach was employed, with a sample size of 30 partner farmers from the Western and Eastern regions. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results and Findings: The partnership collaboration models at PG Madukismo include the Independent People's Sugarcane (TRM) model and the People's Sugarcane Partnership (KMT) model, each with specific rights and obligations. The benefits of the partnership include increased sugarcane productivity, guarantees of quantity, quality, and continuity, and reduced risks in sugarcane farming. However, challenges include insufficient support from PG Madukismo to enhance the welfare of partner sugarcane farmers. Novelty and Originality: This study provides a detailed examination of the partnership models and highlights specific benefits and challenges faced by the partner farmers, contributing to the understanding of agricultural partnerships. Conclusions: The partnership models at PG Madukismo offer significant benefits but are hindered by inadequate support from PG Madukismo. Addressing these challenges could enhance the effectiveness of such partnerships. Type of Paper: Empirical Research Article

Optimizing Livestock Nutrition Through Mineral Supplementation: Empowering Cendana Farmer Group in Pesisir Selatan, West Sumatera

The community service program aims to improve the productivity of cattle farming in the Cendana farmer group in Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra. The program focuses on raising awareness about the importance of providing minerals as a crucial component of animal feed. Minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium play a significant role in the growth and health of cattle. The program results reflect an improvement in farmers' understanding of the role of minerals in animal nutrition. It is expected that they will be able to enhance cattle productivity by ensuring the fulfillment of mineral requirements in their feed. This program has the potential to support sustainable farming efforts by preventing mineral deficiencies in cattle. The training imparted theoretical knowledge and taught proper mineral selection, correct dosages, and cattle's health and productivity benefits. This program encourages livestock owners to apply their newfound knowledge in their day-to-day farming practices. This community service program has the potential to significantly improve the quality and well-being of farmers in the region and support the overall growth of the livestock sector.

Trends in Input-Output Relation and Structural Changes in Input Cost of Major Crops in West Bengal

"The structural change of input cost refers to the change in the intensity of labour and capital (seed, fertilizers, pesticides, machineries etc.) used in agriculture. An attempt has been made to analyse the structural changes of input cost along with the trends in input-output relation of the three major crops (paddy, jute and potato) in West Bengal during 1999-00 to 2019-20 by using data of the Cost of Cultivation of Principal crops in India, Directorate of Economics & Statistics (DES), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. It is found that the structural intensity of input cost shifts towards a more capital-intensive direction during 1999-00 to 2009-10, but then the situation is reversed to more labourintensive in terms of input cost during 2009-10 to 2019-20. To investigate the reasons, the study found that the higher labour cost is the main reason for this. Though the physical unit of labour per hectare decreased during the second phase (2009-10 to 2019-20), the high wage rate increased the share of labour cost and the total cost of cultivation. In the trend of the input-output relation of the state’s agricultural production, the study observed a decline in the input-output ratio (profitability from cultivation) for the crop paddy and jute, but it increased for the potato. The higher growth of input cost over output price during reference periods is the main reason for the decline in profitability of the crops in West Bengal."

Village-Owned Enterprise Strategy in Improving the Economic Welfare of Sustainable Farmers

This research analyzis the role of BUMDes and other multi-stakeholders in efforts to improve the welfare of farmers in rural areas. The research uses qualitative methods with explanation analysis techniques. The results of the research show that the problems faced by farmers are largely influenced by middlemen’s play in determining prices which has an impact on farmers’ losses, apart from that, it is also influenced by the lack of access to information related to the market. For this reason, the village government is trying to create an agricultural business unit under the auspices of BUMDes which provides assistance to farmers in the form of capital support, marketing and also providing market guarantees. This innovation is considered successful in improving farmers’ livelihoods and welfare. The agricultural economic development process carried out by BUMDes is basically the result of collaborative work carried out jointly with farmers, the private sector and supra-villages. An institutional pattern built on trust, transparency and strong commitment is the key to their success in building collaborative governance.

Kajian Pelaksanaan Gerakan Tanam Jagung Panen Sapi (TJPS) Dalam Meningkatkan Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) Di Desa Manusak, Kabupaten Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

Corn and cattle are the main commodities in dry land farming in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), with corn as a food source and cattle as a source of income. This province has vast dry land potential, namely 1,734,488 H, but its utilization is still less than optimal. The Cattle Harvest Corn Planting Program (TJPS) was launched to increase corn production, cattle population and farmer welfare.This research analyzes the Farmer Exchange Rate (NTP) in Manusak Village, Kupang Regency, and the factors that influence it, as well as examining government policies in supporting the efficiency of the corn-cattle farming system. Qualitative methods through interviews, observations and text analysis are used to understand farmers' experiences in farming.The results show that the NTP in the Gacinda and Leselik farmer groups is different: Gacinda has a higher NTP than Leselik, which is caused by differences in corn production costs and yields. In conclusion, corn productivity and costs incurred affect farmer welfare, with high expenditures potentially reducing NTP.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI USAHATANI CABAI MERAH KERITING (CAPSICUM ANNUM L) DI KECAMATAN MOROTAI SELATAN KABUPATEN PULAU MOROTAI

Chili Seeds (Capsicum Annum L.) are one of vegetables commodities which is cultivated by farmers in Indonesia, because they have high selling price. Chili Seeds are one of vegetables commodities for improving farmers welfare. The purpose of this research is for analysis what the factors influence of production Chili Seeds (Capsicum Annum L.) in South Morotai Sub-District, Morotai Island District, by determining the sample using a saturated sample. The results of this research show that the factors influence of production Chili Seeds in South Morotai District the factors that simultaneously influence the production of in South Morotai District are land, seeds, fertilizer, pesticides and labor. This is very real (significant) in increasing the production of Chili Seeds. Partially, namely the pesticide factor with a significant value of 0.023 < 0.05 and the labor factor with a significant value of 0.013 < 0.05.

Uptake and Level of Use of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices by Small-Scale Urban Crop Farmers in eThekwini Municipality

Climate fluctuations significantly impact small-scale farmers’ farm welfare (food, nutrition and income). This situation highlights an urgent need to invest in climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices. Climate-smart agriculture has prospects for enhancing agricultural productivity and resilience. Therefore, this study addresses the knowledge gap concerning the uptake and level of use of CSA practices by small-scale urban crop (SSUC) farmers, which is critical to enhancing food and income security in urban settings. The relatively low adoption and uptake of CSA practices among small-scale farmers warrants an investigation of the factors influencing its adoption and level of use, especially in urban agriculture (UA) settings. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, this study collected data from 412 SSUC farmers through a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, the composite score index (CSI), and an ordered probit model (OPM) were utilised for the analysis. The results reveal that most (74%) are aware of CSA practices. Despite the high awareness of CSA practices by SSUC farmers, many (66%) are medium users of CSA practices, suggesting a moderate CSA practices level of use in eThekwini Municipality. The top five preferred CSA practices include crop diversification (with a CSI of 3.694), followed by crop rotation (3.619), mulching (3.608), drought tolerant crops (3.459) and organic manure (3.442). The popularity of these CSA practices in eThekwini Municipality suggests their immediate benefits when implemented or their lesser complexity in terms of implementation. Age, gender (being male), and household size exhibit a statistically significant negative influence on the CSA practices’ level of use, increasing the likelihood of being in the lower user category. Yet, education, group membership and farming experience promote a higher level of use of CSA practices. The results show that while awareness is critical, socio-economic factors should not be ignored when upscaling the adoption of widespread CSA practices. Therefore, targeted and tailored socio-economic programmes that are age-directed, gender-sensitive, educational, emphasise collective action and leverage the experiences of urban farmers would be paramount in promoting effective CSA practices adoption and uptake by SSUC farmers in eThekwini Municipality, thus enhancing UA resilience against climate change reparations.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF COOPERATIVE ROLE TO MILK PRODUCTION AND INCOME OF CORPORATE FARMS IN SEMARANG DISTRICT

Dairy cooperatives play an important role in improving the welfare of member farmers. Working together increases dairy farming and farmer income. However, farmers' income is low despite rising production due to individual sales. The cooperative is expected to increase income through its role with group strength and efficiency. Cooperatives are utilized to increase income through joint milk production. This study analyzes the role of cooperatives in milk production and income generation of farmers in Semarang. The research was carried out by survey method with questionnaires as a research tool. This research was conducted in 3 cooperatives active in Semarang Regency, Andini Luhur KUD, Nusantara KSU and Mekar KUD. Sampling was carried out through the proportional quita sampling method, with 120 breeders as respondents. Data processing was carried out using path analysis as the analysis method. The average ownership of lactating dairy cows was 2,825 heads/farmer, while milk production per head per day increased to 9.92 liters. Dairy income increased from the previous year and was above minimum wage both in 2022 and 2023, which was Rp2,804,300.53 per month. The results of the path analysis show that the role of cooperatives as marketing guarantors has a major role in increasing income through milk production. Thus, to increase the income of dairy farmers, it is necessary to improve the quality of milk production and the development of cooperatives as marketing guarantors. The implementation is expected to increase the income of dairy farmers so that it has implications for the economy of the national dairy farming sector.

Empowerment of People's Salt Businesses in Self-Sufficiency Efforts Salt in Pangarengan Sampang Regency Madura

The national program called People's Salt Business Empowerment (PUGaR) is a form of the government's commitment. PUGaR itself is interpreted as a national program which aims to improve the welfare of people's salt farmers and encourage the realization of National Salt Self-Sufficiency. This research uses qualitative research, primary data is collected using interviews, and is supported by document data that is considered relevant. Qualitative data analysis uses an interactive model consisting of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The implementation of the PUGaR policy has 3 stages, namely 1) policy planning has gone well, 2) Implementation has gone well, but there are still problems. The facilitator generalizes the technical problems of making salt. 3) The evaluation went well. The PUGaR policy makes salt farmers more empowered in accordance with the program. Self- Sufficiency Ability characterized by; Increased Income for Salt Farmers, Improved Salt Quality, Focus on Salt Making and Increased Salt Productivity. Constraints on self-sufficiency, namely the human resource capacity of salt farmers is inadequate, infrastructure and transportation facilities to the salt factory are inadequate and the weather does not support decreased salt production.

Perlindungan Petani Terkait Kebijakan Impor Beras Persprektif Mashlahah Mursalah

Mashlahah murlah is something that is good according to reason with the aim of realizing benefit or avoiding harm for human survival. This research aims to: Find out the rice import policy in Indonesia, the impact of rice imports on farmers, find out the form of farmer protection regarding the rice import policy from a mashlahah murlah perspective. This type of research is normative juridical with a conceptual approach and statute approach. The nature of this research is descriptive analysis. The data is processed and analyzed using qualitative methods. The results of the research provide an answer, namely: The policy of importing rice on a large scale from the beginning of 2021 to 2023 and even now is not appropriate because it causes greater harm, especially for farmers. on rice imports, as well as causing a decrease in farmers' income and disrupting the ideals of food sovereignty in Indonesia, the rice import policy from the Mashlahah Murlah perspective on farmer protection actually creates legal protection which must prioritize the welfare of farmers and society, helping farmers increase their income and quality of life in order to create food sovereignty in Indonesia.

The impact of applying digital process innovation to farm management on farmer welfare: A multiple case study

The impact of applying digital process innovation to farm management on farmer welfare: A multiple case study

Sustainable Agriculture Practices: Economic, Ecological, and Social Approaches to Enhance Farmer Welfare and Environmental Sustainability

This research aims to examine sustainable agricultural practices from economic, ecological, and social perspectives and how this approach can improve farmers' welfare and environmental sustainability. The research method used is a literature review, which collects and analyzes information from various sources such as scientific journals, books, and research reports. The results show that farm diversification, product value addition, and production efficiency are key strategies that can enhance farmers' economic welfare. From an ecological perspective, soil and water conservation practices, biodiversity management, and reducing chemical use are crucial for environmental sustainability. Socially, sustainable agriculture positively impacts farmers' welfare, community empowerment, and public health. Policy support, access to technology and markets, and comprehensive education and training are key factors in implementing sustainable agriculture. By integrating economic, ecological, and social perspectives, sustainable agriculture can be a holistic solution to modern agricultural challenges in Indonesia.

Comparison of Farmer Welfare in Kediri Regency and Probolinggo Regency Based on Farmer Exchange Rates (FER)

Agriculture is an important component of the Indonesian economy and makes a significant contribution to national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, the poverty rate among farmers is still high, which shows the need for a more in-depth study of farmer welfare. This study focuses on Kediri Regency and Probolinggo Regency in East Java, areas known for their agricultural contributions. The aim is to assess the welfare of farmers in Kediri Regency and Probolinggo Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach, with data collected through questionnaires and interviews. The analysis used is the Farmer Exchange Rate (FER), which is determined by comparing the Price Index Received by Farmers (It) and the Price Index Paid by Farmers (Ib). The results show significant differences between the two districts, Kediri experienced an increase in FER of 0.48%, while Probolinggo experienced a decrease in FER of 2.87%. This finding is important because it reflects differences in the welfare and economic conditions of farmers in Kediri and Probolinggo. Factors such as government support, adoption of modern technology, and seasonal changes were identified as influencing these outcomes. Strategic recommendations include increasing productivity through technology and starting programs targeting young farmers. This effort aims to improve agricultural effectiveness and the overall welfare of farmers in the region.

Training on Increasing and Developing the Quantity of Sheep in Improving the Economic Welfare of Farmers in Jenggawah Village

Jenggawah Village has extensive agricultural land and plantations, especially rice, corn and coffee crops whose waste has not been utilized. The potential of Jenggawah Village, Jember Regency is very potential for development in the agricultural sector. Innovations for utilizing agricultural waste can be used to process agricultural waste as animal feed and livestock waste to be used as organic fertilizer, which is a superior environmentally friendly product that has great potential and can improve the economy of farmers from product sales. The objectives of this service activity are: 1) providing assistance from educational related agencies in optimizing the increase and development of the quantity of sheep livestock, 2) conducting training and management of sheep farming business development, 3) creating product innovations using rice straw biotechnology to improve the nutritional quality of sheep feed. The target of this service program is: together with the Jenggawah village government, we can empower farmers and breeders in fermented straw processing so that they can realize the independence and welfare of breeders in reducing feed production costs, so that they can reduce feed production costs and increase breeder profits by utilizing feed biotechnology innovations. ruminant livestock. The conclusion of this service activity is: increasing sheep production can be increased by utilizing biotechnological innovations in animal feed from rice straw waste fermentation, and can minimize feed costs, so that this opportunity can increase the income and welfare of farmers

Peningkatan Kapabilitas Organisasi melalui Pendampingan Implementasi Gerakan Sumsel Mandiri Pangan (GSMP)

The South Sumatra Independent Food Movement (GSMP) Mentoring aims to improve the organizational capabilities of farmer communities in South Sumatra, through improving Organizational Capability. The main problem faced is the suboptimal field assistance related to plant and fish cultivation. A participatory approach is applied through socialization, formation of working groups, identification of needs, preparation of action plans, training, and technical assistance, as well as development of market access. The results of the study showed a significant increase in farmer welfare, marked by an increase in average income of 25%, an increase in food production of 20%, and strengthening local capacity. This program has also succeeded in increasing farmer access to agricultural technology and wider markets, in accordance with the theory of community empowerment, human capital, and market linkage. Recommendations for the sustainability of this program include the application of a participatory approach and ongoing assistance in other community empowerment initiatives

Analysis of the Dairy Milk Supply Chain at Sapi Juara Farm, Bogor Regency

Pamijahan District in Bogor Regency, West Java, is known as one of the main sources of milk supply for dairy cows in the region. Dairy cow's milk is a product that has high and stable demand and selling value. Supply Chain Management (SCM) at Sapi Juara Farm in Pamijahan District involves the distribution of dairy cow's milk which includes product flow, information and finance. This study aims to understand the SCM of dairy milk at Sapi Juara Farm, including product flow, information and finance, as well as efficiency as measured through marketing margin and farmer's share. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods with primary data obtained from interviews. The results of the analysis show that there is a flow of dairy milk products, a flow of information from farmers to various actors in the supply chain, and a flow of funds that includes costs and profits from nine distribution channels that influence the performance of the supply chain based on the payment system. From the analysis of the profit share value, it can be seen that the SCM for dairy cow milk in Pamijahan District is running efficiently. It is hoped that SCM in Pamijahan District can be more efficient to avoid losses at each stage or link in the chain and stabilize milk prices in the market, while improving the welfare of farmers, especially at Sapi Juara Farm.

Analysis of Rahn and Murabahah Financing in Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT): Qualitative Study of Agricultural Businesses in Kanigoro, Blitar Regency, Indonesia

The agricultural sector in Indonesia plays an important role in supporting food security and economic stability. However, this sector is still faced with various obstacles, one of which is limited access to capital. Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT) as an Islamic microfinance institution offers financing solutions for farmers using sharia principles, such as rahn and murabahah. This research aims to analyze the rahn and murabahah financing schemes implemented by BMT in Kanigoro, Blitar Regency, as well as their impact on agricultural businesses in the area. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with BMT administrators, rahn and murabahah financing customers, as well as other related parties. The data analysis technique was carried out using thematic analysis. BMT in Kanigoro, Blitar Regency implements rahn and murabahah financing schemes with sharia principles in accordance with the provisions of the Islamic religion. Rahn financing uses collateral, while murabahah financing uses a buying and selling system with an agreed profit margin. BMT rahn and murabahah financing has several advantages compared to conventional financing, namely: Based on sharia principles that avoid usury; Easy and fast application process; Competitive interest rates; Assistance and coaching for customers. However, BMT also faces several challenges in carrying out this financing, namely: Lack of public understanding about sharia financing; Strict requirements for applying for financing; High risk of crop failure. In conclusion, the rahn and murabahah financing offered by BMT in Kanigoro, Blitar Regency is an alternative solution for farmers in accessing capital. The implementation of this financing scheme has a positive impact on agricultural businesses and improves farmer welfare.

Climate change challenges: Case of the Thai agriculture business sector

Climate change and its effects are accelerating, with climate-related disasters piling up season after season. This study explores the impact of climate change on Thailand’s agricultural business by examining the views and experiences of stakeholders in the sector. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, the study reveals the multifaceted challenges faced by the agricultural community. Participants highlight the disruptive effects of irregular rainfall patterns and rising temperatures on crop productivity and economic stability, exacerbating food shortages and livelihood insecurity. Additionally, the study underscores the critical issue of food security and the need for resilient agricultural practices. Furthermore, the inadequate integration of climate change education in the Thai education system and its implications for farmer adaptation are discussed. The study emphasizes the urgent need for comprehensive support measures and a holistic approach to address climate change impacts on Thailand’s agricultural sector, ensuring its sustainability and the well-being of farmers.

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Rice Brown Spot Disease in Major Cauvery Delta Regions

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second most important staple food among agricultural cereal crops, with over half of the world's population dependent on rice. 165.59 million hectares of land is used for rice production worldwide, yielding 518.1 million tonnes and a productivity of 4.68 t/ha (FAOSTAT 2022 - 2023). In India, the rice production is about 132 million tonnes which is produced in about 47 million hectares of land with a productivity of about 4.21 t/ha (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers welfare, Government of India 2023). In Tamil Nadu, the rice production is about 6.8 million metric tonnes which is produced in about 2.21 million hectares of land with a productivity of about 3.76 t/ha (Department of Economics and Statistics, Government of Tamil Nadu 2022-23). One of the biotic stresses that accounts for about 15.6% of losses each year is rice disease. Of them, Bipolaris oryzae (Breda de haan) causing brown spots of rice is the most destructive disease which causes about 90% of yield loss. Ten isolates of brown spot pathogen were collected from the Cauvery delta regions and of them, the virulent isolate (Bo9) was characterized molecularly. All the isolates were studied based on their morphological characteristics. ITS primers were utilized to do the molecular characterization of the pathogen.