Farm Forestry Projects Research Articles

Prospek Partisipasi Petani dalam Program Pembangunan Hutan Rakyat untuk Mitigasi Perubahaan Iklim di Wonosobo

Past experiences indicate that the success of many farm forestry projects is mainly influenced by farmers’ participation. Ex ante estimation of the likelihood of farmers’ participation in a particular farm forestry project might reduce the risk of project failure. This article is to analyze, ex ante, factors affecting a farmer’s participation in a hypothetical farm forestry project for climate change mitigation based upon a survey data of 117 farm forestry farmers in Tempurejo Village, Wonosobo Regency. Logit estimation suggests that the likelihood of a farmer’s participation is likely affected by age of farmer, education, farm household size and farmer’s experience in farm forestry business. Two policies implication of these findings are that government should increase farmers’ knowledge of climate change through extension programs, such as climate field school, and align the design of farm forestry projects for climate change mitigation with the prevailing farm forestry management system practiced by farmers.

PROSPEK PARTISIPASI PETANI DALAM PROGRAM PEMBANGUNAN HUTAN RAKYAT UNTUK MITIGASI PERUBAHAAN IKLIM DI WONOSOBO

Past experiences indicate that the success of many farm forestry projects is mainly influenced by farmer’s participation. Ex ante estimation of the likelihood of farmers’ participation in a particular farm forestry project might reduce the risk of project failure. This study aims to analyze ex ante, farmer’s participation in a hypothetical farm forestry project for climate change mitigation based upon a survey data of 117 farm forestry farmers in Tempurejo Village, Wonosobo Regency. Logit estimation suggests that the likelihood of a farmer’s participation is likely affected by age of farmer, education, farm household size and farmer’s experience in farm forestry business. Two policies implication of these findings are that government should increase farmers’ knowledge of climate change through extension programs, such as climate field school, and align the design of farm forestry projects for climate change mitigation with the prevailing farm forestry management system practiced by farmers.

Community and farm forestry climate mitigation projects: case studies from Uttaranchal, India

The methodologies for forest mitigation projects still present challenges to project developers for fulfillment of criteria within the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) or other such mechanisms for the purpose of earning carbon credits. This paper systematically approaches the process of establishing carbon (C) stocks for baseline (BSL) and mitigation scenario (MSL) for two case studies i.e., community and farm forestry projects in Uttaranchal, India. The analysis of various interventions shows that both projects present high carbon mitigation potential. However, the C reversibility risk is lower in long-rotation pine and mixed species plantation on community lands. The project is financially viable though not highly lucrative but the carbon mitigation potential in this ‘restoration of degraded lands’ type of project is immense provided challenges in the initial phase are adequately overcome. C revenue is an essential driver for investors in community projects. The short-rotation timber species such as Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus), Poplar (Populus) have high internal rates of return (IRR) and high carbon benefit reversibility potential due to fluctuations in market prices of commodities produced. The land holdings are small and bundling is desired for projects to achieve economies of scale. The methodological concerns such as sampling intensities, monitoring methodologies, sharing of benefits with communities and bundling arrangements for projects need further research to make these projects viable.

GENDER DIFFERENCES OF PARTICIPATION IN SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAMMES IN BANGLADESH

ABSTRACT Conceptual issues of gender participation in development are examined and analyzed with respect to the Social forestry project in Bangladesh (Village and Farm Forestry Project, VFFP) as a means to redistribute access to productive resources and household benefits. A random sample of 120 VFFP participants, both men and women, were interviewed regarding their attitude toward participation, and gender differences in participation. For VFFP participants called “core farmers,” women differ significantly from men in various participation objectives, and attitudes towards incentives for participation in social forestry. However, it has been observed that women were equally capable in forestry activities and project level decision-making as men if they were allowed to participate in the project. Women participating in the VFFP do not believe that they are any more constrained than men by cultural factors. The integration of men and women in social forestry projects can sustain overall social and economic development in rural Bangladesh as it reduces competition and conflicts.

The Australian Master Tree Grower Program

The Department of Forestry at The University of Melbourne with the financial support of the Myer Foundation, the RIRDC/LWRRDC/FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program (JVAP) and the National Farm Forestry Program (AFFA) have developed and are delivering a unique and innovative participatory outreach and extension program for farmers active in revegetation, farm forestry and remnant forest management. Since the first program in 1996, 25 regional Australian Master Tree Grower (MTG) programs have been conducted involving more than 500 landholders across Australia.By acknowledging and drawing on the commitment and experience of locally selected tree growers, the MTG program aims to instil confidence through knowledge, provide farmers with a support network and encourage them to truly aspire to be ‘master tree growers’ in their own right. By starting with the landholders' motivations, rather than ending with them, the program allows participants to investigate and farm forestry projects. This is leading to the full potential of multipurpose tree growing to be realised for economic, social and environmental outcomes for farmers and their rural communities.

Gender Equity in Social Forestry Programs in Bangladesh

Conceptual issues of gender equity in development are examined and analyzed with respect to the Social forestry project (Village and Farm Forestry Project; VFFP) as a means to redistribute access to productive resources and household benefits. A random sample of 120 VFFP participants, both men and women, was interviewed regarding their division of labor and their access to resources and benefits in relation to the project. The survey suggests that women and men produce different quantities and types of labor for the VFFP. Although women supply more labor than men, it is possible that women's overall labor burden is reduced in relation to the national average. For VFFP participants called “core farmers,” women enjoy the same access to productive resources and services as men, with the important exception that women do not generally have land rights. Yet 100% of interviewed women “core farmers” answered positively to six indicators of sociocultural advancement because of their participation in the VFFP. Among a second tier of VFFP participants called “participating farmers,” a large majority of women respondents claim rights on most resources and services important in the VFFP, although these proportions are less than among men respondents. Most women “participating farmers” answered affirmatively to the six indicators of sociocultural advancement, but in lesser proportions than among women “core farmers.”

Involving People in Agroforestry: The Experience of the Village and Farm Forestry Project in Bangladesh

Involving People in Agroforestry: The Experience of the Village and Farm Forestry Project in Bangladesh

A framework for monitoring and evaluating carbon mitigation by farm forestry projects: Example of a demonstration project in Chiapas, Mexico

In Mexico an estimated 4.5 × 106ha are available for farm forestry, while up to 6.1 × 106 ha could be saved from deforestation by making shifting agriculture more productive and sustainable. Various farm forestry systems are technically, socially, and economically viable, including live fences, coffee with shade trees, plantations, tree enrichment of fallows, and taungya, with a C-sequestration potential varying from 17.6 to 176.3 Mg C ha−1. A self-reporting system with on-site spot checks is presented for the monitoring and evaluation (M&E), and will be tested in a farm forestry C-sequestration pilot project, to begin in Chiapas, Mexico, in 1997. The M&E procedure will facilitate the collection of field data at low cost, help ensure that the systems continue to address the needs of farmers, and give farmers an understanding of the value of the service that they are providing.

A Framework for Monitoring and Evaluating Carbon Mitigation by Farm Forestry Projects: Example of a Demonstration Project in Chiapas, Mexico

A Framework for Monitoring and Evaluating Carbon Mitigation by Farm Forestry Projects: Example of a Demonstration Project in Chiapas, Mexico

Farmer costs and benefits from agroforestry and farm forestry projects in Central America and the Caribbean: implications for policy

This paper presents results of an evaluation of the benefits provided by agroforestry and farm forestry projects in Central America and the Caribbean, and the policy implications. Tree planting provided financial benefits to farmers, as well as social, economic and environmental benefits. These justify policy interventions to explicitly recognize the potential of on-farm tree-planting efforts and provide a policy environment favorable to such efforts. New or revised policies are needed, particularly in a period of declining public budgets, to limit external incentives to in-kind inputs, rather than financial subsidies; promote market development for tree products; adopt low-cost, community-based extension strategies; focus research support; and reduce regulatory disincentives.

Implementing Farm-Forestry Practices in Nepal: Experiences and Achievements

Forest and shrubland in Nepal are unable to sustain the supply of forest products. One program to alleviate this problem, which is leading to environmental degradation and down-stream effects in India and Bangladesh, has been to establish a farm-forestry project. Since 1983, this project has identified useful species and developed regeneration and protection techniques for them as well as encouraging on-farm participation by the farmers. Although the area of new forest needed is vast (4 million ha), the average land holding in the country is small (0.56 ha) thus, effective forest extension techniques must be developed.