Fan Control Research Articles

Research on Air Flow Measurement and Optimization of Control Algorithm in Air Disinfection System

N RECENT YEARS, friendly living environment and fresh air are being pursued more and more urgently. Therefore, the development and application of air purification disinfection systems draws increasing public attention, and its market demand continues to grow. In such systems, the control of its internal air flow directly affects the effect of air purification. Previous studies have mainly focused on the control of the average wind speed. For example, Li Yin made a more systematic summary of the raditional PID algorithm-based fan control [1]; Li Ke, who designed an expert-fuzzy PID control system, has introduced the intelligent control and made some innovations [2]; B. R. Sorensen, who takes into full consideration low-carbon, environmental and other factors, designed a more energy-efficient fan control strategy, and made the fan more energy efficient through the control [3]. However, owing to the uneven distribution of the wind speed in the space, the results obtained by the average wind speed are, in fact, valid only for some local area of the system. When the overall performance of the system is considered, the control of gas flow of surface uniformity is very important, which is rarely seen in the previous researches. In the field of industrial control, wind power, aerospace, and the uneven distribution of wind speed have a strong impact on the scientific research and product performance. Thus, the even control of the wind must be taken seriously. Considering the above factors, this paper presents a control algorithm based on the hydrodynamic theory and optimal control methods, analyzing the performance of the algorithm in order to get a satisfactory performance of the control system.

Linkage Control Security Research of the Mechanical Smoke Exhaust System in Large Space Buildings

Abstract When the large space buildings are in the event of fire, the mechanical smoke exhaust system must start safely and reliably with the smoke spreading quickly. A former analysis to the linkage control of the mechanical smoke exhaust system showed that the control of exhaust fans is safe and reliable with multiple redundant control. but the control security of exhaust ports in the large space buildings is very poor. According to the recent research, reliability of the linkage control of exhaust ports set in large space areas is the key to improve the reliability of the exhaust system's linkage control in large space buildings. We should set on-site mechanical control devices, remote multiple manual direct control devices and on-site electric control switch devices for exhaust ports in large space buildings. And the linked switches of exhaust ports should also be able to multiple interlocks control the exhaust fans.

Fan Speed Control on Heat Detector Technique Using Zigbex Wireless Sensor Network

this paper presented the study on fan speed control on heat detector technique using Zigbex wireless Sensor Network. The updated wireless application technology called Zigbex wireless sensor network (WSN) is used to simulate the system to control automatically the fan speed. The wireless sensor network will be based on the temperature warmth which reaches at a circumstances heat. This system could be used for the road tunnel fan control system. In wired road tunnel fan control, the system requires high cost installation fees for proper wiring for a large scale implementation. The used of Zigbex WSN platform is to substitute wired sensors and actuators. Measurement level of temperature that used to control the right amount of power could be supplied to the tunnel fan. A NesC program of TinyOS was used where two levels of output is controlled which are for 100%, and 50% duty cycle of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. Observation of the sensor node that can detect the change in temperature has also been highlighted in this study. Results obtained from the study indicated that Zigbex Wireless Sensor Network is a successful technique for controlling the fan speed on heat

The Remote Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis System of Coal Mine Main Fan

In order to ensure the safety and stability of coal mine main fan’s operation, the system uses programmable controller PLC as the control core, uses integrated transmitter, the man-machine interface touch screen and PC configuration software, achieving real-time monitoring and state control of the main fan’s performance, state parameter, electrical parameter, and uses PowerBuilder 9.0 system development software to build the fan’s fault diagnosis expert system, realizing the comprehensive fault diagnosis of the fan, providing accurate expert advice and repair scheme. It uses advanced Ethernet technology to realize the communication between PC and scene control system. The realization of the main fan’s automation management ensures the stability and reliability of the fan’s running.

Power-Dense Shipboard-Compatible Low-Horsepower Variable-Frequency Drives

A variable-frequency drive (VFD) having a 440-V front-end current source rectifier (CSR) interface to a voltage source inverter (VSI) feeding a Permanent-Magnet Axial-flux Air Core motor combination is a solution for low-horsepower pump and fan control that is both power dense and compatible with a shipboard environment. This paper describes the control and power platforms for the CSR/VSI and provides experimental results for a 250-V 3.3-kW system. Power density and efficiency comparisons are made between equivalent CSR/VSI- and voltage-source-conversion-based VFDs to demonstrate that the CSR/VSI-based VFD is more power dense.

Electrical Sector of Bangladesh: Problems & Prospects

Electrical is one of the most important business sectors of Bangladesh. It has been identified as a 'booster sector' in the SME Policy Strategy - 2005 and a 'thrust sector' in the National Industrial Policy - 2010 of Bangladesh. Currently this sector in producing about 15 thousand crore taka of export substitute product against local demand of 20 thousands crore taka per year. There are about 2500 electrical enterprises producing 75 types of electrical products in Bangladesh. I last few years this sector earned double digit growth and it has a very potential export market throughout the world. Bangladesh is mainly producing electrical products of HS chapter - 84, 85, 90 and 94. Global market for these products is growing with multiple digits except recent negative trend for global financial crisis in 2009. There are few natural and one man made cluster of electrical products in Bangladesh. Major products Bangladesh is producing are Electric cables, distribution board, large and medium transformer, switch gear, sub-station equipment, electric arc welding machine, enameled ware, insulator, industrial fan, heat and speed control system, magnetic contractor, Parceling bright connector, different connecting equipment, main switch, electric iron and shouldering iron, ceiling fan, table fan, adjust fan, tube light, filament bulb, light fittings, table lamp, different laps, distribution board, electric meter, switch, plug, water heater, florescent light ballast, light & fan controller, torch light, refrigerator, lift equipment, extension cord, and energy saving lamp etc. Major importers of electrical products (Bangladesh do produce) are USA, Canada, Germany, Australia, Mexico, Italy, Denmark, Hong Kong, France and Finland. Major exporters of these products are China, USA, Germany, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taipei, Mexico, Netherlands and Malaysia. Major problems of Bangladeshi electrical sector are under invoicing during import of finished electrical products, lack of advanced technological and technical knowledge, absence of IP protection mechanism in action, lack of infrastructure to enter into the export market with electrical goods, and quality flexibilities on imported poor quality products etc.We also recommend some actions for keeping this sector competitive and exploring export market. Government has to play active role to make it one of the fastest growing and large export earning sector of Bangladesh.

911 ダクトファンの推力偏向を用いたホバリング飛行体(ロボティクス・メカトロニクスV)

911 ダクトファンの推力偏向を用いたホバリング飛行体(ロボティクス・メカトロニクスV)

A Study on Surge and Stall under the Interaction of Parallel Axial flow fan in Tunnel

In the ventilation design for tunnels above 10km, an axial flow fan of great power needs to be set in ventilation shafts. There are few provisions on the setting modes and less discussion of parallel axial flow fan mode in the Specifications for Design of Ventilation and Lighting of Highway Tunnels. All of these bring a lot of difficulties about the axial fan selection, layout and control design. There is no specialized research on axial flow fan for tunnels and no studies on surge and stall under the interaction of parallel axial flow fan in tunnel in spite of the more and more application of parallel axial flow fan. So, this paper conducts a study on surge and stall under the interaction of parallel axial flow fan in tunnels. Through the study on the operating principle and analysis of parallel axial flow fan, we can know that the noise will increase suddenly, which will in turn result in fan vibration and running instability once the stall occurs. When a fan surges, the air volume and pressure, the motor current will fluctuate sharply, which brings significantly increased vibration and noise. At the same time, the rotary blade and the shell are subject to considerable stress effects and the fan will possibly suffer from great damage. The surge will occur in the unstable zone of axial fan performance curve. The strong pulsation and periodic oscillation of the air flow will increase the noise, which is a serious damage to the fan. So an axial fan should avoid this zone in running. With two axial flow fans of the same power parallel, the mutual influence is not very great. Therefore this research will focus on the efficiency in the case of two fans with a high and a low power parallel. Stall will occur if the outside pressure is greater than the outlet pressure. Once the stall happens, the noise will increase suddenly, which will in turn result in fan vibration and running instability. When two fans parallel, i.e. when the power ratio of the parallel fans is over 5.3, the possibility of the small fan's stall is high, otherwise it is small. With regard to the running efficiency of parallel axial flow fans and the starting safety, it is better to parallel two fans, and the fans with adjustable movable vanes or frequency control or the ordinary nonadjustable fans can be used.

Study on Noise Control of Fan with Air Suction

Fan is a pneumatic device in the 4ZTL-1800 combine harvester threshing prior to cutting. Based on the prophase search result that fan noise is highest when fan rotates at 1200r/min, in order to decrease noise of it, sigle-microperferated-panel muffler, double-microperferated-panel muffler and interposition muffler were designed and tested. The results show that double-microperferated-panel muffler is best and sound power level of fan is decreased 11dB, and that interposition muffler is better, and that sigle-microperferated-panel muffler is worst to descrease fan noise. Through contrast on transmission power loss of different mufflers, cone-shaped double-microperferated-panel muffler is verified to be best for noise control of fan.

Theoretical and experimental studies on the noise control of centrifugal fans combining absorbing liner and inclined tongue

In previous work, it has been validated that the inclined tongue has a significant effect on controlling the tonal noise of centrifugal fans. In order to reduce the broadband noise of centrifugal fans, theoretical and experimental research studies have been implemented to study the effect of the sound-absorption volute on noise propagation. First, a mathematical–physical model of the sound-absorption volute is established to explore the influence of the sound-absorption coefficient of the liner, which is dependent on the liner thickness, cavity depth, etc. Then, an experimental study is carried out to measure the coupling effect between the absorbing liner and the inclined tongue and its potential for the noise control of centrifugal fans. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical result, and validate the mathematical–physical model, proving it a practical model for further optimization of the sound-absorption volute. In addition, the results indicate that considerable noise reduction can be achieved by combining both the posed absorbing liner and modified inclined tongue.

From Chip to Cooling Tower Data Center Modeling: Influence of Chip Temperature Control Philosophy

The chiller cooled data center environment consists of many interlinked elements that are usually treated as individual components. This chain of components and their influences on each other must be considered in determining the benefits of any data center design and operational strategies seeking to improve efficiency, such as temperature controlled fan algorithms. Using the models previously developed by the authors, this paper extends the analysis to include the electronics within the rack through considering the processor heat sink temperature. This has allowed determination of the influence of various cooling strategies on the data center coefficient of performance. The strategy of increasing inlet aisle temperature is examined in some detail and found not to be a robust methodology for improving the overall energy performance of the data center, while tight temperature controls at the chip level consistently provide better performance, yielding more computing per watt of cooling power. These findings are of strong practical relevance for the design of fan control algorithms at the rack level and general operational strategies in data centers. Finally, the impact of heat sink thermal resistance is considered, and the potential data center efficiency gains from improved heat sink designs are discussed.

Intelligent Platform Management Controller for Nuclear Fusion Fast Plant System Controllers

An Intelligent Platform Management Controller (IPMC) is being developed by IPFN/IST. This controller will be integrated in the Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) and Advanced Mezzanine Cards (AMC) modules that are under development for application in nuclear fusion experiments such as the ITER Fast Plant System Controller (FPSC) prototype. This controller in addition with the Shelf Manager module is responsible for the management of hardware failure, redundancy procedures, and hot swapping of the modules in the ATCA crate. The verification of compatibility between modules that share ATCA resources, the power management of each module, temperature monitoring, and fan control are, as well, tasks that the IPMC has the responsibility to manage. Other important functions of the controller are the programming of ATCA and AMC modules firmware, application specific program selection, and firmware version control. In this paper, the hardware architecture of the IPMC implementation at IPFN ATCA modules will be described.

Assessment of natural and hybrid ventilation models in whole-building energy simulations

Natural ventilation is a traditional cost-effective technique to cool and ventilate buildings. Proper simulation tools are highly desired to ensure acceptable thermal performance of naturally ventilated buildings and to assist the design and optimization of such buildings. This study is to advance the use of natural and hybrid ventilation concepts in building design by assessing the accuracy and usability of current thermal-ventilation models. Because of the similarity noted among various models and tools, a prevalent airflow-thermal modeling program, EnergyPlus, was evaluated by simulating three selected real buildings that were supplied with most detailed building and measurement information. The study of these cases reveals that the current model has (1) significant functional limitations for venting and exhaust fan control schemes; (2) need for additional relationships to describe horizontal openings and fully-open connections between zones; and (3) possible over-prediction of buoyancy-driven flows in the case of multi-story buildings. The study further indicates the building and measurement data that are critical for a more accurate validation of thermal-ventilation models, including, on-site measured temperature, wind, and solar conditions; measured volume flow rate data, at critical points throughout the building; and effective area and discharge coefficients for specific vents used in building.

Active control of centrifugal fan noise: Experimental results.

Previous work by these authors in active control of axial fans suggests an approach that can be successful in applying active control to small centrifugal fans used in fan trays and laptop computers. The modeling and analysis strategies developed for axial fans were modified for use with centrifugal fans mounted in a rectangular exhaust duct. Experimental verification allowed for proper inclusion of damping in the model. By minimizing the sound power radiated from the duct, optimal error sensor placement was predicted. Experimental results verified the effectiveness of placing the error sensor at these locations. Using predicted control source and error sensor locations, the rectangular duct was replaced by a centrifugal fan and duct attached to a heat sink, with the total dimensions being the same as the previous rectangular duct. The experimental results indicate that significant global reduction of the radiated tonal fan noise can be achieved.

Optimal study of a solar air heating system with pebble bed energy storage

The application of solar air collectors for space heating has attracted extensive attention due to its unique advantages. In this study, a solar air heating system was modeled through TRNSYS for a 3319 m 2 building area. This air heating system, which has the potential to be applied for space heating in the heating season (from November to March) and hot water supply all year around in North China, uses pebble bed and water storage tank as heat storage. Five different working modes were designed based on different working conditions: (1) heat storage mode, (2) heating by solar collector, (3) heating by storage bed, (4) heating at night and (5) heating by an auxiliary source. These modes can be operated through the on/off control of fan and auxiliary heater, and through the operation of air dampers manually. The design, optimization and modification of this system are described in this paper. The solar fraction of the system was used as the optimization parameter. Design parameters of the system were optimized by using the TRNSYS program, which include the solar collector area, installation angle of solar collector, mass flow rate through the system, volume of pebble bed, heat transfer coefficient of the insulation layer of the pebble bed and water storage tank, height and volume of the water storage tank. The TRNSYS model has been verified by data from the literature. Results showed that the designed solar system can meet 32.8% of the thermal energy demand in the heating season and 84.6% of the energy consumption in non-heating season, with a yearly average solar fraction of 53.04%.

310 推力偏向を用いたダクトファン飛行体の制御(ロボティクス・メカトロニクスII)

310 推力偏向を用いたダクトファン飛行体の制御(ロボティクス・メカトロニクスII)

313 ダクトファン飛行体の制御(ロボティクス・メカトロニクスIII)

313 ダクトファン飛行体の制御(ロボティクス・メカトロニクスIII)

G100064 エネルギー管理システムのための無線インテリジェントタップの開発([G10006]機械力学・計測制御部門一般セッション(6):新技術)

A smart tap which can monitor power consumption for electrical appliances has attracted attention in Building and Energy Management Systems and Home Energy Management Systems (BEMS, HEMS). However, most smart taps cannot control electricity consumption of appliances from remote. In this paper, we have developed a new smart tap, called Intelligent Power Tap, which can collect power consumption data and control electricity consumption of electrical appliances via wireless network. Then, we have designed a Wi-Fi sensor module board for wireless network communications. Moreover, the effectiveness of the developed intelligent tap is demonstrated by an experiment on remote fan control.

Thermal Power Plant Fan Drive Load Distribution Control

This paper presents an approach to pressure/under-pressure and load distribution control of fresh air supply and exhaust fans at thermal power plants, where dual actuators are used. The proposed concept, relative to standard solutions, offers better performance, simplified tuning and start-up, and safer operation in terms of over-current protection. Pressure/under-pressure and load distribution of the two fans by means of flap position relies on two PI pressure controllers, two PI current controllers (when over-current protection is active), and one PD controller for load distribution control between the two drives.

English

Energy consumption in the built environment has become a significant issue on a global scale. Escalating energy costs and environmental concerns have made energy use optimization a viable option for buildings. With more number of commercial office buildings coming up, requiring large amount of energy in Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning system amounting to nearly 30% - 40%, there is an urgent need to mitigate this ever increasing energy crisis. The goal of energy modeling of HVAC is to accurately predict the energy use to test the energy performance of HVAC system with regards to an established standard and reduce the energy consumption in order to find the resulting energy savings. This paper deals with reducing energy consumption by optimizing the variable speed motor run air cooled Direct Expansion Air Conditioner by modeling and simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK. in a commercial building for Indian climatic condition. The simulation results indicate that variable-speed fan control strategy contributing to most of the savings. This has resulted in considerable energy saving with improved performance of the DXAC system without compromising the occupants comfort level.