Family Tragedy Research Articles

Review Essay: Poet in the Public Arena

Review Essay: Poet in the Public Arena

Marriage and Family in the Rear Area under the Background of Anti Japanese War

During the Anti Japanese War, a large number of people were forced to flee to the southwest due to the northern and central of China were gradually occupied by the enemy. The long-distance migration in the war-torn environment led to the separation of many families, resulting in a large number of marriage and family tragedies. After a large number of people moved to the southwest, the marriage and family situation in the rear area changed greatly. First, people from different regional customs and cultural backgrounds have entered the rear, which has changed the concept, the object and the form of marriage; Second, leaving their homes, the traditional family parental control has been out of reach, and the phenomenon of husband and wife separation and recombination with others occurs frequently, resulting in a large number of marriage and family tragedies; Third, the long-term war of resistance against Japan and the decline of people's life led to a sharp decline in the male population, fertility intention and fertility rate. From the analysis, we can see that Japan's aggression has caused profound harm to China's marriage and family, and its seriousness can’t be ignored.

Take a Public Speaking Course and Conquer the Fear

The purpose of this research project was to investigate if students today still report a fear of public speaking more often than death and if after completing a public speaking their fears change. Participants in a multi-section public speaking course (N = 374) completed a pre- and post-course survey asking them to select their fears and also complete public speaking anxiety questions. The results showed that pre-course public speaking was chosen more often than death and all other fears except for family tragedy, but after completing the course, the fear of public speaking was no longer selected more than death and was not even among the top five fears students listed. The review of literature also addresses why students should enroll in a basic public speaking course and conquer their fear or anxiety about public speaking while still in college.

Quantum Legacies: Dispatches from an Uncertain World

Quantum Legacies: Dispatches from an Uncertain World

Narrating a Nation Left Behind: The Innocent Child in Two Novels of Zimbabwe

Child narrators and protagonists have been a recurring feature of much of the literature produced in and of Zimbabwe since independence 1980. Their experiences of growing up have often been seen as mirroring that of the nation itself, such as in Nervous Conditions (1988) and We Need New Names (2013), depicting childhood as inherently political and directly involved in social and historical transition. This article asks what happens when the child is not an explicit embodiment of the nation’s growth and development through painful historical phases, and examines the child narrator in The Voluptuous Delights of Peanut Butter and Jam (2008) by Lauren Liebenberg and Peace and Conflict (2014) by Irene Sabatini. Instead of being placed centre stage in the midst of turbulence, war and social change, the child narrator in Sabatini’s novel remains at the periphery of repressive politics, acting as a spectator, commentator and investigator. Liebenberg’s narrator is more politically informed than Sabatini’s, and family tragedy converges with the end of white rule in Rhodesia. Both narrators depict the disconnect between past, present and future through their innocence and naivety. This position enables an instructive approach in the novels to the nation’s past and present. Through their separate trajectories, the novels channel a nation left behind, stagnant in its repressive measures and unable to move forward. Instead of representing the nation and its development, the child narrators in the two novels suggest that the colonial past and violent present of Zimbabwe cannot be reconciled.

Was the Dostoevsky Estate Profitable?

In August 1831, the parents of Fyodor Dostoevsky purchased an estate in the Kashirsky district of the Tula Province, consisting of the hamlet of Darovoe and the village of Darovaya. In February 1833, they bought the neighboring village of Cheremoshnya. The entire property, including the above-named villages and hamlet, also included land plots in the wastelands: Nechaeva, Trypillya, Harina, Shelepova and Chertkova. Having become the owners of 58 peasant souls and more than 500 dessiatines of land, the Dostoevskys were considered average local landowners. However, Darovoe, well-known as the childhood place of the writer Fyodor Dostoevsky, remains poorly studied from an economic point of view. One of the reasons is that today there are very few documents that could reliably indicate the economic condition of the estate for the memorial period. An exception is the monograph of V. S. Nechaeva “In the Dostoevsky family and estate,” published in 1939, where, based on the correspondence of M. F. Dostoevskaya and M. A. Dostoevsky, the author claims that the estate they acquired was not merely unprofitable, but also caused a family tragedy. The opinion of V. S. Nechaeva became fundamental for researchers of the writer's biography. However, this issue can be revised today, which is what the presented work is devoted to. The correspondence of Fyodor Dostoevsky's parents, the letters of his older brother M. M. Dostoevsky, who was the guardian over the estate and the Memoirs of the younger brother of A. M. Dostoevsky in the aggregate allow to take a fresh look at the estate and the income it brought. In the context of this problem, it is of interest to refer to the newly published “Report of the headman of the village of Darovoe Savin Makarov to Mikhail Mikhailovich Dostoevsky” dated October 8, 1850. The document was discovered in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art and complements the well-known sources on the economic condition of the Dostoevsky estate.

A return to Hayman Island: revisiting Australia’s only recorded cone snail fatality after 85 years

The death of Charles Hugh Garbutt from a cone snail ‘sting’ inflicted at Hayman Island on the Great Barrier Reef marked both a family tragedy and an important moment in Australian medical and malacological history. However, aside from newspaper reports and the few witness statements given at the coronial inquiry, the events of that day in June 1935 and its immediate aftermath have never been critically evaluated. As memories of what happened have either faded or been partly distorted with the passage of time, the fatality today remains only a footnote in the history of studies on the Conidae and their complex, pharmaceutically-valuable venoms. The species involved, Conus geographus Linnaeus, 1758, is now recognised as the most dangerous to humans of the Conidae and responsible for most and possibly all recorded fatalities. After 85 years, the case is revisited using available evidence including newspaper reports, relevant scientific and popular literature, witness statements, archival documents and the actual specimen responsible for the fatality. While tragic and probably avoidable, the death, via its extensive coverage by the press, undoubtedly has helped to save lives by educating a public largely unaware of the dangers from something as seemingly harmless as a sea snail. It is also concluded that Charles Garbutt, when all factors are considered, was most unfortunate to have lost his life in the way that he did. For future cone envenomations it is recommended that photography (if possible) of the specimen involved would assist both in patient reassurance and medical treatment.

Sisterly Conflict: Music and Text in Richard Strauss' Elektra (1909)

This paper undertakes a careful musical and lyrical analysis of Chrysothemis’ first interaction with her sister (“Elektra!/Ich kann nicht sitzen und ins Dunkel starren”) in Richard Strauss and Hugo von Hofmannsthal’s 1909 opera Elektra. The paper’s fundamental claim is that Chrysothemis is portrayed differently by Strauss and Hofmannsthal: where the text brings the sisters together by means of a cross-pollination of images that emphasizes their shared heritage as daughters of Klytämnestra, the music – through abrupt shifts in style, melodic development, and harmony – prefers to present the sisters in diametrically opposing poles with respect to the family tragedy. By way of exploring the tensions between music and text in Elektra, the paper also investigates the ontological status of Klytämnestra’s leitmotifs as they come into view and argues that proper classification of their role – as well as an understanding of leitmotivic perspectivism – is essential in diagnosing an imbalance of power between Elektra and Chrysothemis vis-à-vis the orchestra.

“Daddy, can’t you see we are burning?” Traumatic Time and Parental Responsibility in Kenneth Lonergan’s Manchester by the Sea

In Kenneth Lonergan’s film Manchester by the Sea, screened in 2016, Lee commits a life-changing mistake: on his way to the mini-market, he forgets to put the screen on the fireplace. Upon his return, he becomes a numbed witness to the spectacle of his own family tragedy as the authorities remove his children’s bodies from the burning house scene. This significant event is represented through a sequence of flashbacks, which designates said cinematic device as one of the film’s most important features. Indeed, in The Trauma Question, Roger Luckhurst approaches the flashback as “the cinema’s rendition of the frozen moment of the traumatic impact . . . flash[ing] back insistently in the present because the image cannot yet or perhaps ever be narrativized as past.” Years after the incident, and still unable to address the wound of his parental negligence and child-death trauma, Lee dreams of his dead daughter suggestively asking, “Daddy, can’t you see we are burning?” The question echoes the one from Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams, where another father dreams of his dead child being burnt. In Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History, Cathy Caruth examines Freud and Lacan’s analysis of this question as to the significance of grief articulation, trauma coping and trauma persistence in sleep and awaken reality. The purpose of this article is to examine anachrony as a feature which exalts the dysfunctional inertia of a present life and of a traumatized mind afflicted by events which have been impossible to either register, integrate or narrate. Secondly, the article will try to unearth the mechanics of Lee’s grief and guilt via his daughter’s question. Emphasis will be placed on Lee’s inability to assume what Caruth calls the “ethical burden of survival” when asked to be his orphaned nephew’s guardian. This will be viewed as a reminder of Lee’s failure as a parent and as a challenge and invitation for the character to recover from the vacuum of his current death-in-life.

Female perspectives on the Relationship between Janet Frame's autobiography and fiction

Female perspectives on the Relationship between Janet Frame's autobiography and fiction Eva Rueschmann Josephine A. McQuail , ed. Janet Frame in Focus: Women Analyze the Works of the New Zealand Writer. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2018. 207 pp. $49.95 ISBN: 9781476669731 In Patricia Moran's foreword to Janet Frame in Focus: Women Analyze the Work of the New Zealand Writer, she points out that Janet Frame may be more widely known as the [End Page 145] subject of Jane Campion's 1990 film An Angel at My Table , based on Frame's autobiography, than as a prolific writer of fiction, short stories, and poetry in her own right. Born in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1924, Frame lived a life that was marked by multiple family tragedies, illness, and poverty; a profound sense of marginalization and insecurity; and an eight-year stay in a mental institution in her twenties, following a misdiagnosis of schizophrenia. From a young age, Frame showed an extraordinary literary inventiveness and startlingly original prose. This unconventionality and her painful shyness often resulted in her social isolation and misunderstanding by a conformist society. Yet Frame's literary talent ultimately saved her life and creativity: in 1952, the announcement of the Hubert Church Memorial Award for her first shortstory collection, The Lagoon and Other Stories (1951), was a pivotal turning point and spared her from the looming certainty of a devastating lobotomy at the young age of twenty-eight. Writing became a refuge for what Frame called her "homelessness of self." Today Frame is highly regarded for her complex experimental (some people argue postmodern) writing and her poetic, richly metaphoric use of language—but she is less well known in the United States. This new collection of scholarly essays edited by Josephine McQuail, a professor of English at Tennessee Technical University, reintroduces Frame as a writer of autobiography, fiction, and poetry to an American audience and seeks to redress the dominant preoccupation with Frame as New Zealand's stereotyped "mad woman artist." Janet Frame in Focus features ten essays—eight written exclusively for this book—that offer an array of critical approaches but center on the ways in which Frame wrote about her childhood and life experiences, her quest for an artistic identity and voice, and her preoccupation with language—its conventionality and potential for originality and rebellion—in both her autobiography and her fiction. Overall, the collection follows in a tradition of feminist criticism concerned with social images of the female writer and artist as "mad" and "dangerous." In the wake of the women's movement of the 1970s, two influential works by prominent feminist scholars, Elaine Showalter's The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1890–1980 (1985) and Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar's The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination (1979), famously critiqued the gendered conception of female creativity as malady and insanity. This critique echoed Frame's own perspective on the gendered social construction of mental illness decades before. Among previous scholarly studies of Frame's writing, Gina Mercer's Janet Frame: Subversive Fictions (1995), which employs Luce Irigaray and Hélène Cixous as theoretical frameworks, is the most explicitly feminist treatment of Frame's work. Mercer is somewhat dismissive of Frame's autobiography as too linear and transparent compared to the radical feminist potential of her complex prose. In contrast, Claire Bazin, a French expert on Frame at the University of Paris Ouest Nanterre, argues in her book Janet Frame (2011) that Frame's more conventionally narrated autobiography serves as a valuable key to unlock the meaning of her fiction. Claire Bazin is one of the principal contributors to Janet Frame in Focus, with her essay on strategies of avoidance in The Lagoon and Other Stories. Bazin's scholarship on Frame also inspired her former students Aurelia Mouzet, Manon-Lili Morand, Jennifer Boum Make, and Marion Clavier to contribute original essays for this volume. These scholars bring a French perspective to Frame's writing, deploying the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin, Jean-François [End Page 146] Lyotard, Homi Bhabha, and Sigmund Freud in their both modern and postmodern readings of Frame. Janet Frame in...

Concurrent prenatal drinking and smoking increases risk for SIDS: Safe Passage Study report

BackgroundSudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of postneonatal mortality. Although the rate has plateaued, any unexpected death of an infant is a family tragedy thus finding causes and contributors to risk remains a major public health concern. The primary objective of this investigation was to determine patterns of drinking and smoking during pregnancy that increase risk of SIDS. MethodsThe Safe Passage Study was a prospective, multi-center, observational study with 10,088 women, 11,892 pregnancies, and 12,029 fetuses, followed to 1-year post delivery. Subjects were from two sites in Cape Town, South Africa and five United States sites, including two American Indian Reservations. Group-based trajectory modeling was utilized to categorize patterns of drinking and smoking exposure during pregnancy. FindingsOne-year outcome was ascertained in 94·2% infants, with 28 SIDS (2·43/1000) and 38 known causes of death (3·30/1000). The increase in relative risk for SIDS, adjusted for key demographic and clinical characteristics, was 11·79 (98·3% CI: 2·59–53·7, p < 0·001) in infants whose mothers reported both prenatal drinking and smoking beyond the first trimester, 3.95 (98·3% CI: 0·44–35·83, p = 0·14), for drinking only beyond the first trimester and 4·86 (95% CI: 0·97–24·27, p = 0·02) for smoking only beyond the first trimester as compared to those unexposed or reported quitting early in pregnancy. InterpretationInfants prenatally exposed to both alcohol and cigarettes continuing beyond the first trimester have a substantially higher risk for SIDS compared to those unexposed, exposed to alcohol or cigarettes alone, or when mother reported quitting early in pregnancy. Given that prenatal drinking and smoking are modifiable risk factors, these results address a major global public health problem. FundingNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders.

Female perspectives on the Relationship between Janet Frame's autobiography and fiction

Female perspectives on the Relationship between Janet Frame's autobiography and fiction Eva Rueschmann Josephine A. McQuail , ed. Janet Frame in Focus: Women Analyze the Works of the New Zealand Writer. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2018. 207 pp. $49.95 ISBN: 9781476669731 In Patricia Moran's foreword to Janet Frame in Focus: Women Analyze the Work of the New Zealand Writer, she points out that Janet Frame may be more widely known as the [End Page 145] subject of Jane Campion's 1990 film An Angel at My Table , based on Frame's autobiography, than as a prolific writer of fiction, short stories, and poetry in her own right. Born in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1924, Frame lived a life that was marked by multiple family tragedies, illness, and poverty; a profound sense of marginalization and insecurity; and an eight-year stay in a mental institution in her twenties, following a misdiagnosis of schizophrenia. From a young age, Frame showed an extraordinary literary inventiveness and startlingly original prose. This unconventionality and her painful shyness often resulted in her social isolation and misunderstanding by a conformist society. Yet Frame's literary talent ultimately saved her life and creativity: in 1952, the announcement of the Hubert Church Memorial Award for her first shortstory collection, The Lagoon and Other Stories (1951), was a pivotal turning point and spared her from the looming certainty of a devastating lobotomy at the young age of twenty-eight. Writing became a refuge for what Frame called her "homelessness of self." Today Frame is highly regarded for her complex experimental (some people argue postmodern) writing and her poetic, richly metaphoric use of language—but she is less well known in the United States. This new collection of scholarly essays edited by Josephine McQuail, a professor of English at Tennessee Technical University, reintroduces Frame as a writer of autobiography, fiction, and poetry to an American audience and seeks to redress the dominant preoccupation with Frame as New Zealand's stereotyped "mad woman artist." Janet Frame in Focus features ten essays—eight written exclusively for this book—that offer an array of critical approaches but center on the ways in which Frame wrote about her childhood and life experiences, her quest for an artistic identity and voice, and her preoccupation with language—its conventionality and potential for originality and rebellion—in both her autobiography and her fiction. Overall, the collection follows in a tradition of feminist criticism concerned with social images of the female writer and artist as "mad" and "dangerous." In the wake of the women's movement of the 1970s, two influential works by prominent feminist scholars, Elaine Showalter's The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1890–1980 (1985) and Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar's The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination (1979), famously critiqued the gendered conception of female creativity as malady and insanity. This critique echoed Frame's own perspective on the gendered social construction of mental illness decades before. Among previous scholarly studies of Frame's writing, Gina Mercer's Janet Frame: Subversive Fictions (1995), which employs Luce Irigaray and Hélène Cixous as theoretical frameworks, is the most explicitly feminist treatment of Frame's work. Mercer is somewhat dismissive of Frame's autobiography as too linear and transparent compared to the radical feminist potential of her complex prose. In contrast, Claire Bazin, a French expert on Frame at the University of Paris Ouest Nanterre, argues in her book Janet Frame (2011) that Frame's more conventionally narrated autobiography serves as a valuable key to unlock the meaning of her fiction. Claire Bazin is one of the principal contributors to Janet Frame in Focus, with her essay on strategies of avoidance in The Lagoon and Other Stories. Bazin's scholarship on Frame also inspired her former students Aurelia Mouzet, Manon-Lili Morand, Jennifer Boum Make, and Marion Clavier to contribute original essays for this volume. These scholars bring a French perspective to Frame's writing, deploying the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin, Jean-François [End Page 146] Lyotard, Homi Bhabha, and Sigmund Freud in their both modern and postmodern readings of Frame. Janet Frame in...

"EVERYTHING IS BROKEN, I HAVE ONLY SOME SPLINTERS IN MY SOUL": CIVIL WAR’S WOMEN'S TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE IN PRIVATE LETTERS AT THE EARLY 1920’S (FROM KSENIA MOROZOV’S CORRESPONDENCE)

private letters of the early 1920s from the personal correspondence of the interpreter K. A. Morozova are published. The content of the messages is connected with the family tragedy (the death of Morozova's brother, officer A. A. Borislavsky during the" disinfection "of the Crimea from the "white guards" at the end of 1920) shared by Morozova with the author of the letters, her brother's wife. How the letter’s writer, who lived in Feodosia during the red terror, describes her traumatic experience, is considered. It is recorded how she comprehends what happened and how she tries to "arrange" a new life in Soviet Russia.

A Doctor Looks Back on Her Path to Psychiatry

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article CommunityFull AccessA Doctor Looks Back on Her Path to PsychiatryMarilyn FenichelMarilyn FenichelSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:16 Oct 2019https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2019.8b20AbstractA family tragedy propelled Suzanne Watson from her calling as an Episcopal priest to a midlife decision to become a psychiatrist.For many people, the year 2001 conjures up 9/11 and alarming images of planes crashing into the Twin Towers in New York City. But for Suzanne Watson, M.D., a resident in psychiatry and family medicine at the University of Cincinnati, 2001 has a more personal and poignant significance.That was the year her husband, a neurologist and chief of staff at a community hospital in central California, began a downward spiral. He died by suicide in 2002, leaving Watson a widow at age 40 with four young children between the ages of 3 and 9.As Watson reflected on the event that has shaped much of her adult life, including her decision to become a psychiatrist, she kept coming back to her belief that stigma played a large role in her husband’s death. He was able to hide his deepening depression very well, and he hesitated to reach out for help because he worried about the impact it would have on his career. When he finally sought treatment, he consulted with multiple colleagues, which had an unexpected outcome.“He was prescribed multiple SSRIs,” Watson told Psychiatric News. “In retrospect, I think he had undiagnosed bipolar disorder. Today, he would have had a much better chance of receiving a correct diagnosis.”At the time of her husband’s death, Watson was close to being ordained as an Episcopal priest. Interestingly, though, the ministry hadn’t been her first career choice. Watson had started medical school as a young woman but had dropped out to care for her growing family. Now she found herself at another crossroads. She moved to Carmel, Calif., for a fresh start. But even in a new place, putting the tragedy behind her proved to be challenging.“My husband’s memory was so big and the loss so great that it felt like we were still a family of six, even though my husband was no longer with us,” said Watson. “So I took a big risk and found a job in New Zealand for a year. It was there that we redefined our family and learned to rely on each other.”Watson described the moment when the transformation took place. The family decided to take an arduous hike up a mountainous volcano. At one point, the family reached a sheer, slippery cliff that each person had to cross independently. “I see that moment as a metaphor for when we came back from grief,” recalled Watson. “We could now go home and begin our new life as a family of five.”Watson resumed her work with the church in the United States, but the desire to become a physician never left her. Finally, when she turned 50, her son told her to either take the leap and try to go to medical school or stop talking about it. She realized he was right, and she applied and was accepted at Wake Forest School of Medicine in Winston-Salem, N.C.Today, she feels that she landed in the right place. “Becoming a doctor and focusing on mental health is as much of a calling as being in the ministry,” noted Watson. “I’m just serving God in a different way.”At age 57 and with two more years of training ahead of her, Watson is starting to think about the direction of her career. Her thoughts often turn to her grandfather, a psychiatrist, who lived next door and had his practice in his home. He believed in the importance of nutrition in mental health, a controversial idea back in the 1960s.“I used to watch with wonder as patients came and went from his office,” recalled Watson. “It was one of my first glimpses at the connection between medicine and relationships. I think it planted the seed for my interest in psychiatry.”As she considers her next steps, she finds herself drawn to many aspects of the field. She could see herself working in geriatrics, hospice care, or addiction psychiatry. Wherever she finds herself, Watson knows she will continue to be an advocate for suicide prevention.“I want to work with people in the aftermath of terrible, life-altering events and help them develop the tools to move forward. I want to help my patients uncover what parts of life they really value. By offering hope and helping individuals become more resilient, I think I can show them how to use their experiences to fuel change, leading to a rich and fulfilling life.” ■ ISSUES NewArchived

Holocaust Impiety in 21st Century Graphic Novels: Younger Generations ‘No Longer Obliged to Perpetuate Sorrow’

At a time where so few survivors remain alive and the extermination of European Jews is leaving the field of direct human experience, the evolving collective memory of the event is reflected in popular culture. There has recently been a rise in the number of graphic novels written on the subject of the Shoah, particularly in France, Germany, and North America. These works, written by second or even third-generation survivors nearly 80 years after the genocide, approach the event from perspectives that not only further Art Spiegelman’s path in that they challenge the so-called limits of Holocaust representations, but also open up new discussions on transgenerational trauma. Focusing on two graphic novels, Michel Kichka’s Deuxième génération: Ce que je n’ai pas dit à mon père (2012) and Jérémie Dres’ Nous n’irons pas à Auschwitz (2011), my aim here is to examine the new aspects of trauma that these texts present, more specifically the reluctance to deal with one’s past, the struggle to bear the weight of the ‘sacred’ memory of Auschwitz, and in some cases the lack of interest of the youth in the Shoah. Both these autobiographical texts narrate the story of men who end up making the conscious decision never to go to Auschwitz after finding out about their ancestors’ history, asserting their desire to not solely be defined by their family tragedy. These issues, which fit in with what Matthew Boswell and Joost Krijnen define as ‘Holocaust impiety’, mark a break with graphic novels from the 1970s and 1980s which, as Gillian Rose writes, ‘mystified’ the event as ‘something we dare not understand’.

Creativity beyond the formal curriculum: arts-based interventions in post-disaster trauma settings

ABSTRACTSchools regularly find themselves dealing with the aftermath of family, community and national tragedies. In this article, two university-based educators share their experiences of working with schools to engage children in arts-based activities to support the processing of the traumatic events they endured. In both cases, children in local schools had been traumatised by natural disasters and needed support to enable them to make sense of what had happened and to begin to absorb these events into their own personal histories.The article summarises the relevant literature on the importance of post-traumatic processing and the use of arts-based methods for this purpose. The two case studies, one from the 2010–2011 New Zealand earthquakes and the other from the 2009 Samoan tsunami, are described separately before common themes are drawn from both cases. The joint findings are discussed using a framework that brings arts-based interventions and post-trauma processing together. The article concludes with the lessons learned from these experiences that might have broader applicability in other pastoral care contexts.

Postmemory Generation and Family Tragedies in South Korea: My Father’s Emails (2014) and Dear Pyongyang (2006)

Postmemory Generation and Family Tragedies in South Korea: My Father’s Emails (2014) and Dear Pyongyang (2006)

This 5000-year-old mass grave hides a family tragedy

This 5000-year-old mass grave hides a family tragedy

Matthias Egger: a man with a method

Raised in Switzerland's capital Bern, Matthias Egger had the importance of education instilled early by his architect father, whereas his humanitarian passion came from his mother who worked with the International Committee of the Red Cross. “But my first interest in medicine came from a family tragedy”, Egger tells The Lancet Infectious Diseases. “My brother died suddenly, when I was just 10 years old, probably from complications of influenza.” Drug susceptibility testing and mortality in patients treated for tuberculosis in high-burden countries: a multicentre cohort studyInaccurate drug susceptibility testing by comparison with a reference standard leads to under-treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis and increased mortality. Rapid molecular drug susceptibility test of first-line and second-line drugs at diagnosis is required to improve outcomes in patients with MDR tuberculosis and pre-XDR or XDR tuberculosis. Full-Text PDF

On Ethical and Moral Education from the Domestic Violence in Alice Munro’s Dimensions

The short story Dimensions was written by Alice Munro, the winner of 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature. It tells us a miserable family story between the husband Lloyd and the wife Doree, in which domestic violence resulted in the family tragedy. Their three children were killed by their father Lloyd when Doree left her house to her female friend Maggie to escape abuse at home. This paper explored the ethical and moral themes in Dimensions through the ethical literary criticism to find out why Munro created this bloodcurdling murderer and what were the factors of the tragedy. The research and analysis have interpreted that Munro wants to give us ethical and moral education. Happy family should be established in prudent marriage choice and correct outlook on life. Everyone should find one’s own dimensions and self-reliance is the effective way to self-salvation.