Work Family Research Articles

Predictors and Outcomes of Work-family Conflict among Nurses in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Work-family conflict, an important issue in nursing management, has been widely studied around the world. Over the past 20 years, many hospitals and care institutions have been faced with an increasing demand for healthcare due to an ageing population. The purpose of this study is to to determine the prevalence and factors Associate with the occurrence of WFC among nurses in the town of Mbujimayi. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 9 referral hospitals in the town of Mbuji-Mayi. Data were collected using a questionnaire, including items related to nurses’ demographic characteristics, the WFC questionnaire. Our study indicates that the prevalence of work-family conflict among nurses was 49.8%. Nurses’ age [ORa: 12.13(1.54-2.93)], marital status [ORa: 1.54(1.15-2.07)], hospital categories[ORa:1.59(1.15-2.21)], work experience in years [ORa: 3.20(2.16-4.75)], occupancy status[ORa: 1.38(1.03-1.85)] and having an additional activity[ORa: 1.38[1.03-1.85]) predicted work–family conflict. Given the extent of work-life conflict among nurses and its negative repercussions on both their health and the quality of their care, preventive measures aimed at improving the work-life balance should be introduced in the care environment.

Relationships between work-family conflict and family structure in the lives of working mothers in Hungary – a pilot study

BackgroundThe family, as the basic socialization environment, is a complex dynamic system that - as a whole and through its subsystems - is in relationships with other social systems (Bagdy in Family socialization and personality disorders. Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest, 2002; Lakatos et al. in Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika 21(1):56–85, 2020). The system with which the family system has long-term relationships is the work system/environment. Creating and maintaining a work-life balance has become a central issue in our societies, as they are two of the most organising forces, and reconciling them is a very difficult task due to the demands and expectations coming from both directions, often simultaneously (Makra et al. in Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle 67(3):491–518, 2012). This kind of “double burden” primarily affects women, but their increasing role in the labour market is not necessarily followed by an equal sharing of work within family life (Engler et al. in Work-life balance in women’s careers. In: Tardos K, Paksi V, Fábri Gy (eds) Scientific careers in the early 21st century. Belvedere Meridionale, Szeged, pp 114–126, 2021). We hypothesise that involvement in work negatively correlates with work-life balance, making it more difficult to integrate into the family. It was expected that the relationship between the number of children and mothers’ professional involvement would be negative. A positive correlation was expected between the age of the youngest child and the mothers’ work involvement. On the other hand, a family united by cohesion and resilience leads to higher job satisfaction.MethodsFor the present analysis, we analysed the relationships between work-family conflict and family structure in working mothers with children in a sample of 273 participants. The self-reported questionnaire included demographic data and 2 standard questionnaires: the Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire and the Olson-Family Test (FACES-IV.). The study was conducted in Hungary.ResultsNo significant relationship was found between work involvement and work-family conflict. A negative relationship was observed between work involvement and family involvement. Similiarily, no significant relationship was found between the number of children, the age of the youngest child and work involvement, contrary to expectations. The findings indicate a positive relationship between good family cohesion, flexibility and job satisfaction.ConclusionStriking a work-family balance is a challenging process for families with young children, especially working mothers. A mutually negative relationship between work and family involvement has been shown. The importance of a well-functioning family, with adequate cohesion and flexibility, is reflected in family and job satisfaction. The relationship between work-to-family conflict and job involvement is moderated significantly only when family flexibility is low. The results from the present pilot study indicate important relationships between variables and point to further research directions worth investigating in a larger sample in the future.

Influences of work stressors and family support: the mediating role of job performance

Influences of work stressors and family support: the mediating role of job performance

Psychological distress, work–family conflict and family life satisfaction: A quantitative study of social workers in the UK

Frontline social workers work in difficult circumstances with clients who face significant trauma and distress. The increasing turnover of social workers is a matter of concern. This quantitative research explores psychological distress, work–family conflict and family life satisfaction in a sample of 104 social workers in North-West England. The findings revealed significant correlations among the variables. It was seen that family life satisfaction partially mediated the effects of depression on the manifestation of work-to-family conflict. Social work organisations need to introduce measures to enhance work–life balance, reduce psychological distress and promote the well-being of social work practitioners.

The Effect of Job Stress and Coping Strategies on Job Satisfaction Mediated by Work Family Conflict (Study on Kendari Polresta Personnel)

This research aims to examine the Effect of Job Stress and Coping Strategies on Job Satisfaction Mediated by Work Family Conflict. This type of research is explanatory research. The populations in the study were all police personnel in the Kendari Police detective field. The number of samples determined was 130 respondents. The analysis method uses structural equation modeling (SEM) using the AMOS 4.01 program package to obtain results of causal relationships between the variables developed in the model. The test results show that: Job stress from the results of this research is proven to have a negative and significant effect on the job satisfaction of police personnel; Coping strategies directly have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of police personnel, Work-family conflict directly has a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction, Job stress has a positive and significant effect on work conflict; (5) Coping strategies have a negative and significant effect on work-family conflict. Work stress has an influence on job satisfaction and can be significantly mediated by work-family conflict, so it can be said that work conflict has a significant influence as a mediator variable in this research and strategy. Coping has a significant influence on job satisfaction. The influence on job satisfaction variables can be significantly mediated by conflict. family work. This means that reducing work stress will have an impact on increasing job satisfaction through reducing work conflict, as well as better coping strategies will have an impact on increasing job satisfaction through work conflict.

Cross-sectional Study on the Awareness of Hiv among University of Cyberjaya Students

Background: Malaysia is currently confronting a significant Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) and the transgender community despite ongoing efforts to raise awareness about HIV. Objective: This study aims to assess knowledge and awareness level about HIV among University of Cyberjaya (UOC) students. Methods: A cross-sectional study done among students of University of Cyberjaya who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion requirement. Data collected via online questionnaires distributed to various faculty and were analyzed by using JASP. This study used a mean scoring system to check the awareness level and Pearsons’s correlation to find the relationship between their awareness level and socio-demographic status. Results: In this study, out of 200 respondent, majority of the participants were Female (64.0%), aged between 20-29 years old (88.0%), Malay (46.0%), Single (96.0%), MBBS students (79.5%) from Faculty of Medicine (79.5%), currently in their 4th year of studies (39.0%). Conclusion: Overall, our findings show most of the participants have a high level of awareness and knowledge on HIV as more than 90% of them are able to identify the correct mode of transmission for HIV. However, there was no significant correlation between their level of awareness and socio-demographic status. In this study, participants show a lack of knowledge on PrEP as 56.5% of them have heard of PrEP. Although the number reached more than half percent, they had never discussed PrEP with family, friends or healthcare workers.

Nurse burnout: deep connections and solutions revealed by network analysis

BackgroundBurnout is very important to nurses’ physical and mental health and career development. Current approaches to assessing nurse burnout tend to use a total score modeling paradigm to explore the impact of external factors on burnout. The purpose of this study is to delve into the item-level relationship between nurse burnout and its influencing factors at both the social and psychological levels using a network analysis approach.MethodsThis study was conducted in June 2023 and 1,005 nurses from 4 hospitals out of 8 tertiary care hospitals in Harbin were selected to participate in this study using whole cluster sampling method. Measurements included a general demographic questionnaire, Trait coping styles questionnaire, Organizational commitment questionnaire, Work-family conflict scale, Transformational leadership questionnaire, and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey.ResultsOur results suggest that “C1 Time-Based work interference with family” showed the strongest centrality and bridging in the overall network. This finding underscores its centrality to burnout. Other strongest bridge symptoms included “E2 Reduced personal accomplishment” and “A1 Positive coping styles” indicating their strongest connections to other clusters.ConclusionsNurse administrators should be encouraged to pay more attention to nurses’ work situations and family distress, and to help nurses in a flexible way.

Negotiating Work and Family Spheres: The Dyadic Effects of Flexible Work Arrangements on Fertility Among Dual-Earner Heterosexual Couples

Academics and policymakers have suggested making flexible work arrangements (FWAs) the default in workplaces to promote a family-friendly workplace culture conducive to having and raising children. However, systematic research investigating how FWAs, as a long-term approach to negotiating work–family spheres, are related to fertility among dual-earner heterosexual couples is limited. Drawing on the linked-lives perspective, we theorize the relationship between FWAs and fertility among couples and potential variation depending on the interplay of both spouses’ work and family characteristics. We test our hypotheses using longitudinal couple-level dyadic data in the United Kingdom (2010–2022). We find that although FWA availability alone is unrelated to fertility, wives’ (not husbands’) FWA use is significantly associated with a higher probability of experiencing a first birth. Moreover, the effect of wives’ FWA use is particularly pronounced when both spouses work in professional and managerial occupations and when husbands contribute a larger proportion of income and at least equal housework. This study reveals a gendered effect of FWAs on fertility across work–family arrangements, deepening our understanding of couple-level dynamics in the fertility process.

Effective and ineffective strategies for successful rehabilitation: A comparison of activities in juvenile and adult facilities

This article discusses social rehabilitation among adults and minors, comparing methods used in penitentiary units and facilities for adolescents in conflict with the law. The research underlying this article was conducted in two stages: first, through study visits by the Criminological Scientific Club of the University of Warsaw, followed by a series of structured interviews. This approach enabled the authors to determine what works and what does not in the social rehabilitation system. The research revealed that in prisons, the most beneficial factors for convicts are work opportunities and family contact. In turn, for units housing minors, measurable benefits come from education tailored to the child’s learning level and educational outreach beyond the facility walls. However, the authors attributed the failures to the slow work of the courts, which prolongs the time needed to send adolescents to the facility, and to the lack of proper supervision over the situation of the charges. In the case of adults, problems include poor treatment of convicts by the Prison Service, insufficient therapeutic and educational system, and improper selection of management staff. The authors concluded from their research analysis that there are no universal social rehabilitation methods that can be effectively applied to both adults and minors.

Daily Spillover Stressors: Incivility, Work–Family Conflict, and Temporary Smartphone Dependence

Daily Spillover Stressors: Incivility, Work–Family Conflict, and Temporary Smartphone Dependence

The Influence of Time Management, Self-Actualization, and Work Family Conflict on the Performance of Sampang District Office Employee, Cilacap Regency

Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Manajemen Waktu, Aktualisasi Diri, dan Konflik Pekerjaan dan Keluarga terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. Responden penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Sampang Kabupaten Cilacap. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data menggunakan regresi berganda dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Manajemen Waktu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. (2) Aktualisasi Diri tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. (3) Konflik Pekerjaan dan Keluarga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kinerja pegawai, instansi diharapkan agar mendorong pegawai agar dapat mengelola waktu dengan baik dan menentukan skala prioritas agar dapat menyelesaikan tugas dengan lebih efektif dan efisien. Selain itu instansi juga diharapkan agar selalu mengawasi dan mendorong pegawainya agar terus meningkatkan kemampuan dalam bekerja, hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan melaksanakan kegiatan pelatihan bagi pegawainya. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar pegawai terus menjaga upayanya untuk selalu meningkatkan kemampuan yang dimilikinya sehingga dapat memberikan yang terbaik bagi pekerjaannya.

Determination of employee turnover intention through job satisfaction: work family conflict and organizational commitment

Determination of employee turnover intention through job satisfaction: work family conflict and organizational commitment

The Implications of Work–Family Interpersonal Capitalization on Employee Coworker-Directed Behaviors

The Implications of Work–Family Interpersonal Capitalization on Employee Coworker-Directed Behaviors

Flexible Work Arrangements, Job Satisfaction and Family Satisfaction: The Spillover Effect of Work-Family Conflict

Since its beginning, the pandemic has forced many organizations to adopt new norms, offering more flexible work arrangements. Yet, there is limited knowledge on how these arrangements, particularly flextime, could affect the work-family conflict (WFC) and its consequences on both job and family satisfaction. Despite this, there has been limited research on the spillover effect of WFC, concentrating on cross-domain effects on both job and family satisfaction in Eastern culture. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the spillover effect of WFC on job and family satisfaction among academicians from selected Malaysian public universities. The web-based survey questionnaire was employed, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Flextime was found to have a significant negative association with both WIF and FIW. Furthermore, the findings revealed that WIF has a stronger spillover effect on cross-domains, notably family satisfaction. FIW has a greater impact on its own domain specificity, namely family satisfaction. Thus, the study contributes to our understanding of the spillover effect of WFC on cross-domains, particularly in Eastern contextual cultures, and helps to provide additional insight into family-friend policies intended to reduce the occurrence of WFC, leading to a better balance of work and personal responsibilities.

Oral health in home care: Perspectives and experiences of dentists in a Brazilian region.

Home care provided by dentists is crucial for ensuring adequate oral care. However, oral health professionals face challenges in delivering treatment at patients' residences due to a lack of resources. Our objective was to explore dentists' perspectives and experiences of dental home care and potential challenges for its implementation. The study took a qualitative approach. Guided by a semi-structured interview schedule, data were gathered using recorded interviews with 22 dental professionals. After transcription, data were analysed thematically using the Discourse of the Collective Subject (DCS) method, using Qualiquantisoft. The majority of participants were female (n = 20), aged between 30 and 40 years old, and predominantly specialising in primary care (n = 6) or endodontics (n = 6). All participants provided home care, performing general dental procedures, normally responding to requests from the work team (n = 13) or family (n = 7). Six main categories on to the topic emerged: importance and access to home care, procedures performed during home visits, discussions about post-home care, professional competence and patient-centred care, positive aspects of home care, and negative aspects and challenges faced in this type of care. This study highlights the fundamental, yet complex, role of home care in dentistry. Continuity of treatment through adaptability and a patient-centred approach are important.

Impacts of COVID-19 shelter in place across key life domains among immigrant farmworker Latina mothers and young adults

ObjectiveIndividuals and families from racial and ethnic groups experience social and economic disadvantage making them vulnerable to the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to capture the impacts of Shelter in Place (SIP) across key life domains including family life, education, work, mental health, and coping strategies among a sample of Mexican-origin mothers who were currently engaged in agricultural work, or whose spouses were engaged in agricultural work, and young adults who had a parent working in agriculture.MethodDuring the summer of 2020, while California was under SIP orders, we conducted three virtual focus groups using Zoom(r). We recruited focus group participants from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS), an ongoing, 20-year, longitudinal cohort study of Mexican-origin families in a predominantly agricultural area of California. Three focus groups were conducted with mothers (n = 9), mean age = 48 years, young adult women (n = 8) and young adult men (n = 5), mean age = 18 years, respectively.ResultsMothers reported high levels of stress stemming from fear of Covid-19 infection, work instability and financial concerns, children’s schooling, anxiety about an uncertain future, and the demands of caretaking for dependents. Adverse mental health impacts were particularly pronounced among participants experiencing multiple adversities pre-dating the pandemic, including unemployment, single motherhood, and having undocumented family members. For young adults, work instability and varying work hours were also a source of stress because they made it difficult to make decisions about the future, such as whether to attend college or how many classes to take. Families used coping strategies including expressing gratitude, focusing on what’s under one’s control, familismo, and community engagement to manage mental health challenges during SIP.ConclusionIn the event of future pandemics or disasters, particular attention is needed to those who experience unemployment, are undocumented and/or have undocumented family members, and/or are single parents facing economic adversity. During public health emergencies, action at the local, state, and national level is needed to support farmworkers and other vulnerable groups’ secondary major stressors stemming from inequities in access to affordable housing, childcare, living wages, healthcare, and other benefits.

THE BENEFITS OF DEVELOPING COLLABORATIVE COMPETENCE IN THE WOMEN’S SYSTEM THROUGH A PERFORMATIVE APPROACH

In the performative approach, the advantage of improving the work of family and women’s systems specialists is that the words and concepts used in communication, based on the work being done, are organized clearly, purposefully and sustainably. A performative approach is an approach that involves the actions of indicating, performing, indicating or attempting to achieve something by saying something.

Work drains them, family heals them: How and when interpersonal conflicts at work drive unsafe behavior in the high-risk industry?

Unsafe behaviors in high-risk industries are widely recognized as a major hazard, however, limited attention has been given to how and when interpersonal dynamics within organizations lead to the emergence of unsafe behavior by workers. Drawing from the theory of conservation of resources, this study examines the relationship between interpersonal conflict (between supervisors and coworkers) and unsafe behavior. A comprehensive theoretical framework is developed that demonstrates the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and the moderating role of family–work enrichment in the relationship between interpersonal conflict at work and unsafe behavior. Through an analysis of multi-wave data from 249 frontline miners in Chinese coal mines, a direct positive relationship is found between interpersonal conflicts with one’s supervisor and employees’ unsafe behavior. Emotional exhaustion was also found to play a mediating role in the relationship between interpersonal conflict with supervisors and coworkers and unsafe behavior. Meanwhile, family–work enrichment was found to buffer the positive relationship between interpersonal conflict and emotional exhaustion. These results support the existence of moderated mediation effects, with interpersonal conflict having an indirect effect on unsafe behavior through emotional exhaustion being present only in employees with a low level of family–work enrichment. The theoretical model demonstrates how and when interpersonal conflict drives unsafe behavior and provides guidance and practical implications for high-risk industries.

A Tale of Two Motherlands: Bridging the Gap Between the American and Korean Identities of Korean War Adoptees

In 1955, Harry and Bertha Holt successfully petitioned for the passing of Private Law 475 (Holt Bill), allowing for the adoption of eight orphans from South Korea. This was the beginning of a global revolution in transnational and transracial adoption. Prior to this, the idea of adoption outside of the United States was seldom possible; however, the work of the Holt family rationalized with the pubic and garnered much attention from the government and media. Even more so complicated was the idea of mixed-race Korean children, fathered by American G.I.s stationed in the country during the Korean War. Their existence challenged conventional American views of race and hereditary purity. This paper aims to explore the story of Korean orphans in the United States. Moreover, it will attempt to further understand the process of “Americanization,” which these children were subjected to. The work will also consider the ways in which both the United States and South Korean governments handled these adoptions. Undeniably, the media played an important role in influencing not only the general public but also the images of the Korean orphans and their families, both biological and adoptive. Finally, this paper will analyze the long-term effects of transnational and transracial adoption on children, taking into account the research of scholars prominent in the field. This will include the study of identity-formation and cultural maintenance in relation post-war Korean adoptees.

Assessment of psychosocial work environment of doctors

Introduction :Psychosocial work environments pertain to interpersonal and social interactions that influence behavior and development in the workplace.Objective :To test a comprehensive and theory-based psychosocial work environment questionnaire and analyze associations with mental health in a sample of doctors in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY :The design of study is cross-sectional study. It took place at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore, from March 2017 to june 2017.A sample size of 100 working doctors was selected. Technique was non probability. After an informed consent each doctor was given the NRCWE’s Copenhagen short questionnaire consisting of 39 questions. The analysis of data was entered in SPSS 21. . After calculating frequency of data and explaining demographic variables, Independent t test sampling was applied and tables and pie chart was drawn.Results : Results reported worse working conditions in terms of stress, burnout, work family conflict and social support from superiors. High levels of stress and burnout were found. Doctors were almost satisfied with their jobs ( scores near to average but less than average ). Male doctors were found to be more satisfied with their jobs than female doctors.