Family Intervention Model Research Articles

The Development of a Family and Community-based Treatment and Rehabilitation Model for Substance Users

Introduction Substance abuse has severe impacts on daily life and property of patients, families, and communities. Treatment and rehabilitation of drug users through a family and community-based approach is a key to promote and support family and community participation in addressing substance abuse. This approach centers on the patients, their families, and their communities, which enhances the effectiveness and sustainability of substance abuse resolution. Objectives 1) To describe nurses’ and health team’s perception regarding factors influencing the treatment and rehabilitation of substance users through a family and community-based approach, and 2) To develop a family and community-based treatment and rehabilitation model for substance users. Design This study employed Research and Development, conducted in four phases. This article presents phases 1 and 2. Methodology The development of a family and community-based treatment and rehabilitation model for substance users in phase 1 consisted of 2 steps: 1) Describing nurses’ and health team’s perception regarding factors influencing the treatment and rehabilitation of substance users through a family and community-based approach, 2) Evaluation of the existing treatment and rehabilitation model for substance users. Phase 2 included the development of a new treatment and rehabilitation model for substance users through family and community based within the network of Phetchabun Province, using Appreciation-Influence-Control process. Data were collected from January to April 2024, utilizing a questionnaire on perceptions of factors affecting the rehabilitation of substance users through a family and community-based approach, and a guideline for focus group. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics including percentage, mean, standard deviations, Min-Max, and median. Qualitative data used content analysis. Results The nurses and health team perceived factors affecting the treatment and rehabilitation of substance users within the community at a high-level including knowledge and skills, roles and responsibilities, structures, participation, and management. Evaluation of the traditional model (Community-Based Treatment and Care: CBTx) revealed opportunities for improvement including the database system, family and community participation, and clear coordination, leading to the development of a family and community-based rehabilitation model. The model included five parts: 1) Development of the capabilities of professional nurses and interdisciplinary teams in rehabilitating substance users in the community, 2) Peer support system, 3) Rehabilitation processes, 4) Family and community participation, and 5) Follow-up/empowerment visits. Recommendation Nurses and health team can implement the family and community-based treatment and rehabilitation model for substance users within a community. It is recommended that future studies examine the effectiveness of this newly developed Family and Community-based Treatment and Rehabilitation model for substance users.

Family Intervention Models for Young Adults with Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review

Family Intervention Models for Young Adults with Substance Abuse: A Systematic Review

P22.01.A PERSON-CENTRED PRACTICE: EXPLORING FAMILY STRENGTH BY USING GENOGRAMS AND ECOMAPS

Abstract BACKGROUND Illness of a family member impacts the entire family. Family relationships, roles and tasks often change, and neuro-oncological caregivers experience a high level of burden and distress when playing a vital role in the informal care of the patient. The theory of Family Systems Nursing advises to approach the family rather than merely the patient. Within Family System Nursing the Family Nursing Conversations is an important intervention that focus on the interactions within a family and between the nurse and the family. The Calgary Family Assessment and Intervention Model (CFAM/CFIM) guide clinical practice to be family focused. According to these models, the drawings of genograms and ecomaps are efficient tools to graphicly portray the specific family constellation and social relationships. This presentation shows how genograms and ecograms can be applied to strength the dialogue with a family when implementing family-focused conversations. MATERIAL AND Methods In the neuro-oncological outpatient clinic at the University Hospital of Copenhagen we offer family and/or caregiver conversations. At the initial conversation, a genogram and an ecogram are drawn. By visualizing the family structure and interrelationships, the family is illustrated as a unit and the family can see their constellation in relation to each other and to the outside world. RESULTS Based upon the genograms and ecograms, a dialogue takes place. They have shown to be important tools to visualize the structure, with strengths and challenges within a family system. Further, they provide a good starting point for a family-focused communication. However, to implement these tools, training is required. Therefore, we have prepared teaching material to healthcare professionals. This material has been tested in family-focused conversations. CONCLUSION The use of genograms and ecomaps have proven to be efficient for a family-focused approach in a neuro-oncological outpatient clinic. They facilitate a good starting point for a family to identify their relationships and resources. During the conversations the family/caregivers often gain new insights and management strategies for coping.

Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Family Structural Dimensions: A Correlational Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in the families' social support network, employment status, and family income, which are the focus of attention of family health nurses. This study aims to describe the pandemic's repercussions in the areas of attention of the structural dimension of families according to the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention, as perceived by Portuguese families, and to relate the changes in their employment status according to the variables of the structural dimension. A quantitative, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted using snowball sampling. A questionnaire of sociodemographic characterization and assessment of the family structural dimension according to the model's operational matrix was applied to 235 family members. Changes were found in their employment status; family income; intensity and frequency of contact with family, friends, and coworkers; frequency of contact with educational/health/religious institutions and community groups; cultural activities; and housing comfort conditions such as the use of heating/air conditioning, gas, and water consumption. Changes in employment status were related to family income, interaction with friends, frequency of cultural activities, and use of air conditioning and heating. Knowing the implications of the pandemic on the family's structural dimension results in a nursing intervention more focused on family needs.

What Are the Various Comprehensive Treatment Models to Improve Self-Efficacy and Self-Management in Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus? A Scoping Review.

This review aimed to synthesize intervention models involving the role of adolescent and family support as part of comprehensive care to improve self-efficacy and self-management among adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). A review was conducted to conform to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) standards. We searched PubMed, Research Gate, Science Direct, Cochrane Library databases, and grey literature. We included articles exploring family intervention models on improving self-efficacy and self-management among adolescents with DM, published from January 1, 2009, to June 30, 2022, and in English. Articles were declared eligible, reviewed critically, and then synthesized narratively. We identified 487 abstracts and title records from the initial search and excluded 409 irrelevant studies. Sixty-six full-text articles were screened, and nine were included in the synthesis. Five articles presented findings from using models focusing on child and adolescent intervention, while in the remaining four articles, the intervention models involved adolescents and their caregivers or parents. Only two models provide comprehensive care that requires collaboration among healthcare providers, patients, and families. Adolescent self-efficacy and self-management schemes as intermediary variables are closely related to everything that can influence health behavior, metabolic control, and quality of life for adolescents, which requires support from a multidisciplinary collaborative team. Excellent comprehensive care team collaboration involving family support is essential to increase the self-efficacy and self-management of adolescents with DM.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FAMILY INTERVENTION MODEL ON PARENTS EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN SEXUAL VIOLENCE

Sexual violence that occurs in children's classrooms places them with a significant impact on their health and lifelong well-being. This study aimed to identify the Family Intervention Model's effectiveness on parents' practical communication skills in preventing children from acts of sexual violence in border areas. This research comprised 23 wives and 23 husbands from Kecamatan Sajingan Besar. Qualitative data was collected with observations. During the research, the Parents Effective Communication Scale was used as means of quantitative data collection. The pre-test scale was given in the rapport-building session, and the post-test for the last session of intervention. The data has been analyzed using Wilcoxon Test. The Wilcoxon test showed the Z value is -5.437 with a significance value (p-value) of 0.000. The test significance value (p-value) is smaller than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05), so there was a significant difference in parents' effective communication after the intervention.Keywords: effective communication; family intervention models; sexual violence

Calgary Family Intervention Model Approach to Improve Quality of Life for Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Calgary Family Intervention Model (CFIM) is a nursing care model that is dominated by the family and integrated with the nursing paradigm that focuses on families. A case study was conducted to determine the intervention to improve the quality of life for the patient with diabetes mellitus. Nursing care was carried out using the Calgary Family Intervention Model approach with the author for three days and continued by the family for two weeks. With data collection techniques include interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation. The tools used in this case study are a set of physical examination tools, blood sugar check tools, a nursing kit, and the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The results showed that Mr. J’s family had problems in the dimensions of physical and psychological health, with the established nursing diagnosis being a poor quality of life. In family members who experience diabetes mellitus with quality of life problems there are positive changes to the family and in handling, nutrition, exercise, foot care, and stress management for the patient. It can be seen from the results questionnaire which showed an improvement in scores than before, especially in the dimensions of physical and psychological health.
 Keywords: Calgary, diabetes mellitus, family, nursing, quality of life

Intervenção Familiar na Adaptação Inicial das Famílias Adotivas: Revisão Sistemática

Abstract Considering the importance of mapping family interventions practices aimed specifically to adoption, this study sought to identify through a systematic review, how family intervention models for adoptive families are structured in initial adaptation with children from 0 to 6 years old. Four databases were consulted, which led to 9.143 results: Google Scholar (n=8.056), Science Direct (n=814), SciELO (n=43) and PsycINFO (n=230). Seven articles considered pertinent to the proposal of this study were included. As a result, it was identified that most part of the interventions were not systematically described. Although promising results were indicated, replication would not be viable due to the lack of detailing of the performed practices. There was no hegemony in the choice of intervention models. Also, it was indicated that the specificity for adoption in the interventions analyzed is not clear.

Mentality of Kazakhstani People Through the Eyes of the Method of Positive and Transcultural Psychotherapy

The article provides the reflection of Kazakh culture and mentality in the context of Positive psychotherapy. The author is a Kazakh woman who was born and grew up in a traditional Kazakh family, is also a Basic consultant in Positive psychotherapy, lived and studied offline in Turkey, Finland, South Korea and Russia. Positive psychotherapy is the method that is based on a transcultural view. It covers both eastern and western cultures. The mentality of Kazakh people, values, culture, and tradition are reflected in the article by using the Conflict model, the Balance model, primary and secondary capabilities, and a family treatment model of Positive psychotherapy. The key conflict for most Kazakh people is in being polite and not telling about their true feelings and thoughts. The concept that “talking a lot is bad” is widespread among Kazakhs. An example of a general conflict model of Kazakh people is presented in the article.

Commentary on "Efficacy of the Use of the Calgary Family Intervention Model in Bedside Nursing Education: A Systematic Review" [Response to Letter

Commentary on "Efficacy of the Use of the Calgary Family Intervention Model in Bedside Nursing Education: A Systematic Review" [Response to Letter

Effects of the family support and psychoeducation program based on the Calgary Family Intervention Model on the coping, psychological distress and psychological resilience levels of the family caregivers of chronic psychiatric patients

AimsThis study was aimed at investigating the effects of family support and psychoeducation program based on Calgary Family Intervention Model on coping, psychological distress and psychological resilience levels of families of chronic psychiatric patients. MethodsThe sample of this quasi-experimental study consisted of the caregivers of chronic psychiatric patients who were admitted to the adult psychiatry inpatient and outpatient unit of a university hospital and the caregivers of chronic psychiatric patients registered with the Schizophrenia Solidarity Association. Nonparametric analysis was used in the analysis of the data. ResultsIt was found that there was a significant decrease between the mean distress scores the caregivers participating in the Calgary Family Intervention-Based Family Support and Psychoeducation Program obtained from the measurements before, right after, and 3 and 6 months after the intervention (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the coping scores and psychological resilience scores the caregivers obtained from the measurements before, right after, and 3 and 6 months after the intervention (p > 0.05). ConclusionIt was concluded that the family support and psychoeducation program based on the Calgary Family Intervention Model applied to family members giving care to individuals with chronic mental illnesses had positive effects on the general health status of the caregivers.

A Response to: Efficacy of the Use of the Calgary Family Intervention Model in Bedside Nursing Education: A Systematic Review [Letter

A Response to: Efficacy of the Use of the Calgary Family Intervention Model in Bedside Nursing Education: A Systematic Review [Letter

Efficacy of the Use of the Calgary Family Intervention Model in Bedside Nursing Education: A Systematic Review.

ObjectiveTo objectively analyze the research for empirical evidence of the efficacy of the use of the Calgary Family Intervention Model (CFIM) in assisting bedside education by nurses and to identify facilitators and barriers to the use of the Model.MethodsFour research databases (PubMed [MEDLINE], CINAHL, Web of Science, and Science Direct) were queried for studies commensurate with the objective statement from 1990 to 2021. In total, 169 articles were initially identified in the search, 135 were screened after duplicates and ineligible articles were removed, ultimately leaving the sample of 24 articles for the review.ResultsThere is significant evidence to conclude that the CFIM is a very useful model to be used by nurses for bedside education and to improve overall patient and family outcomes. It enables communication, collaboration, and therapeutic conversations. The use of CFIM by nurses serves as a resource for both them and families and patients involved. There are some concerns to the use of CFIM as there are family dynamic issues, which result in problems providing care to patients. A lack of family sharing can result in inadequate care to the patient as well as unrealistic expectations from family members involved.ConclusionThe CFIM is an excellent tool to enable nurses to provide education at the bedside and to enable improved patient and family outcomes. The use of the tool is suggested in situations where it would improve the level of care provided to patients and families.

Learning to care for the family in the community: Usability of the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention

Enquadramento: O Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar é mobilizado no processo de ensino aprendizagem dos estudantes da licenciatura em enfermagem, como orientador no processo de cuidados às famílias na comunidade. Objetivo: Analisar as dimensões valorizadas pelos estudantes do curso de licenciatura em enfermagem, no desenvolvimento de competências na avaliação e intervenção familiar. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório-descritivo com 350 estudantes da licenciatura em Enfermagem. Uso de formulário para identificar aspetos valorizados na utilização do modelo referencial teórico e operativo em ensino clínico. Análise de conteúdo com categorização a priori e a posteriori. Cumpridos os pressupostos éticos. Resultados: Identificam-se cinco dimensões: Clareza (mais valorizada); Simplicidade; Generalidade; Consequências deriváveis (frequência de nomeação intermédia) e Precisão empírica (menos valorizada). Emerge interligação entre etapas do processo de cuidados e modelo como instrumento de mudança e referencial na tomada de decisão no contexto clínico. Conclusão: As dimensões confirmam a importância atribuída pelos estudantes à estrutura e sentido na aprendizagem dos cuidados à família sendo preditivas da aprendizagem integrada, entre teoria e prática em enfermagem.

Family Intervention Projects as Poverty-Alleviating Measures: Results from a Norwegian Cluster-Randomised Study

This cluster-randomised study analyses the implementation of a family intervention model (the HOLF model) on four target areas: parental employment, the financial and housing situations, and the social inclusion of children. The study compares family coordinators implementing the HOLF model including tools, schemes and supervision structures, with those implementing local family intervention practices. All twenty-nine participating Labour and Welfare offices received two family coordinators per office, with a caseload of twenty-one families. Of the offices, fifteen were randomised to implement the HOLF model, while fourteen implemented local family intervention practices. In a twelve-month follow-up of 862 parents, baseline and T2 questionnaires and administrative data show a significant improvement on financial situation and children’s social inclusion; however, with no differences between offices implementing the HOLF model and those implementing local family intervention practices. The results show the need for further analyses of key elements and implementation practices within family intervention projects.

Family interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Family interventions are efficacious for relapse prevention in schizophrenia. Multiple different models have been developed. We aimed to compare the efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of family interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia. In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, we searched for randomised controlled trials that investigated family intervention models aimed at preventing relapse in patients with schizophrenia. We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, BIOSIS, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform up to Jan 20, 2020 and PubMed up to July 15, 2021. We included blinded and open-label randomised controlled trials in which at least 80% of patients had schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We excluded studies in which all patients were acutely ill, had a concurrent medical or psychiatric disorder, or were prodromal or "at risk of psychosis". Study selection and data extraction were done by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted about overall, positive, negative, and depressive symptoms of schizophrenia, quality of life, adherence, overall functioning, family burden, expressed emotion, and discontinuations due to inefficacy. The primary outcome was relapse, measured with operationalised criteria, psychiatric hospital admissions, or clinical judgement. We did a frequentist, random-effects, network meta-analysis to calculate odds ratios ([ORs]; dichotomous outcomes) or standardised mean differences (continuous outcomes) with 95% CIs. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020169951. We identified 28 395 studies through the database search and 334 from references of previous studies. We compared 11 family intervention models tested on a total of 90 randomised controlled trials with 10 340 participants (3579 females and 5632 males with sex indicated; median age 31 years [range 14-65]) in the network meta-analysis. Ethnicity data were not available. All interventions, with the exception of crisis-oriented interventions and family psychoeducation with two sessions or fewer, reduced the relapse rate significantly when compared with treatment as usual at the primary timepoint of 12 months. ORs compared with treatment as usual ranged from 0·18 (95% CI 0·12-0·27) for family psychoeducation alone to 0·63 (0·42-0·94) for community-based interventions involving family members. The results were robust in various sensitivity and subgroup analyses. The confidence in the estimates ranged from moderate to very low for different comparisons. Almost all family intervention models were efficacious in preventing relapse in schizophrenia. Family psychoeducation alone, without behavioural or skills training, was superior to the more complex models. Our results suggest that in contexts where there are financial constraints, family psychoeducation alone should be implemented. German Ministry for Education and Research.

Effective family interventions for people with schizophrenia

It is encouraging to read a research paper with findings ready for immediate translation to clinical practice. In The Lancet Psychiatry, Alessandro Rodolico, Irene Bighelli and colleagues 1 Rodolico A Bighelli I Avanzato C et al. Family interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. 2022; (published online Jan 27.)https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00437-5 Google Scholar report the findings of a thorough systematic review and network meta-analysis of family interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia. The authors evaluated 90 randomised controlled trials, with more than 10 000 participants, and identified 11 different models of family therapy. Sometimes simple is best. Family psychoeducation alone reduced the relapse rate significantly when compared with treatment as usual, and to a larger extent than more complex interventions. The findings showed that informing the family about the illness, symptoms, and treatment options had a protective role in the prevention of relapse: about 10% of patients involved in family psychoeducation relapsed compared with 37% among patients who received treatment as usual. Family interventions for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysisAlmost all family intervention models were efficacious in preventing relapse in schizophrenia. Family psychoeducation alone, without behavioural or skills training, was superior to the more complex models. Our results suggest that in contexts where there are financial constraints, family psychoeducation alone should be implemented. Full-Text PDF

Experiences of families of adolescents with gender incongruence in the light of the Calgary Models for Families.

to know the experiences of family members of adolescents with gender incongruence. this is a qualitative case study, supported by the Calgary Family Assessment and Intervention Models theoretical-methodological framework. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews, participant observation in family groups and document analysis, with eight family members. Data analysis was performed following the precepts of content analysis. with family assessment, two categories emerged: "Challenges in the face of gender transition", which highlighted the problems related to the expectations created at birth, new names, pronouns and gender fluidity and the fear of prejudice, and "Supporting aspects in the face of the possibility of gender transition", which revealed family support as a strong point. knowing the experiences allowed us to understand the challenges that family members face when facing physical and emotional aspects of their children's gender transition. It was noticed that the act of seeking help and offering support is important for a healthy transition. The findings provided a better understanding of family issues and provided suggestions on how nursing can develop care for this population.

Self-perception of nurses' competence in family assessment and intervention.

Objective:To describe nurses’ self-perception of competence in family assessment and interventionMethods:A sample of 551 Portuguese primary care nurses was selected. A Likert-type questionnaire with 11 items corresponding to the areas of care proposed by the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention (MDAIF) was administered. Each item consists of 7 optional responses; a score equal to or greater than 4 denotes competence.Results:The nurses perceived themselves as competent in areas of care belonging to the development dimension of the MDAIF (parental role, adaptation to pregnancy, and family planning), as well as in the caregiver role (which belongs to the functional dimension). There was a progressive decline in self-perception of competence over the stages of the nursing process.Conclusion:In this study, crucial aspects related to nurses’ self-perception of their competence in family assessment and intervention were observed, and need to be addressed in the training of nurses in all areas of care included in the Model. This should facilitate awareness of the competences needed to provide the best care for families.

Qualitative and systemic exploration of a nursing intervention through play, which aims to prepare a hospitalized child and his parents for cardiac surgery

Hospitalization of a child for open heart surgery is a major event in a family's life. Apprehension of the surgical procedure can have serious psychological consequences and cause high anxiety for the child and his parents. Many interventions have been tried to reduce this preoperative anxiety, but there is no evidence to date on the best way to prepare these families for surgery. A phenomenological-inspired qualitative study with a reference framework of Wright and Leahey's family intervention model (2013) was conducted to evaluate a preparation for open heart surgery using doll play. To this end, semi-structured systemic interviews were conducted with ten families who benefited from the preparation (Among these families, 5 children have already been hospitalized for open heart surgery, the 5 others were hospitalized for the first time). The study took place within the M3 department of Marie Lannelongue Hospital. The Results of the research show that the families’ experiences differ significantly. For families whose child is not having their first surgery, an additional hospitalization represents a new challenge with new difficulties to overcome. For the others, this first hospitalization is like a leap into the unknown ( Fig. 1 ). Families whose child is hospitalized for cardiac surgery have a significant need for information about the hospitalisation and the surgery, depending on their stories and their beliefs. Even though the root-cause of anxiety are not the same for all the families, the resulting consequences of fear and apprehension are shared by all of them. Activity through play must therefore adapt to these parameters in order to effectively prepare families for surgery. This study provides a better understanding of the experiences of these children and their parents. In addition, it suggests generalizable improvements to other interventions so that care services can subsequently improve or build their own surgical preparation programs.