Family Sphere Research Articles

Sytuacja socjolingwistyczna mniejszości bułgarskiej na południowo‑wschodniej Ukrainie

The subject of the research is the Bulgarian minority living in the south‑eastern areas of Ukraine. The aim of the article is to present the sociolinguistic situation of this minority. Particular attention was paid to the use of the Bulgarian language in the family and neighborhood sphere. The determinants that maintain or lead to the disappearance of the Bulgarian culture and language in the Zaporozhye region are indicated. Field research among the Bulgarian minority was conducted in 2013–2022 on the margin of research that was conducted among the Polish minority in this region. The leaders emphasized that no one at home uses the Bulgarian language, although some people remember how their grandparents once used the dialectal variety of the Bulgarian language. In the neighborhood environment, no one speaks Bulgarian in this area either. No one speaks Bulgarian in the families, and Bulgarian is not spoken in the neighborhood either. Living in a linguistically different environment was conducive to rapid assimilation to most of the Russian language. In the family sphere and intergenerational transmission, only Russian is present. The research results also make it possible to indicate the reasons for the loss of linguistic continuity among the Bulgarian minority in the Zaporizhia region. Currently, representatives of the Bulgarian minority are learning Ukrainian.

SPECIALIZED FAMILY COURTS REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The experience of creating in Kazakhstan its own model of family courts is described and the results of the implementation of pilot projects of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the introduction of judicial, pre-trial, out-of-court procedures for the settlement of cases and disputes arising from family, marital, parental, housing, household legal relations are analyzed. The relevance of the topic is predetermined by the ongoing course of development of the judicial system and judicial proceedings of the Republic of Kazakhstan in accordance with the principle of specialization of courts and judges. This topic is actualized in the conditions of increasing the competitiveness of Kazakhstan and becoming its highly developed country. On the way to achieving such an ambitious goal, it is of fundamental importance to improve the social and demographic situation within the country, reduce the level of social tension and conflict among the population, strengthen family values among young people, establish gender equality, as well as create a friendly society for children. The implementation of these measures, on the one hand, contributes to the improvement of the level of legal culture of the population within the country, and on the other hand, contributes to the improvement of Kazakhstan's indicators outside the country, for example, in popular international rankings on the global competitiveness of the countries of the world, the rule of law index and the level of happiness. And today, in the conditions of building a New Fair Kazakhstan, judicial specialization within the courts of general jurisdiction as a judicial, judicial, judicial-status principle is particularly relevant in ensuring the rule of law and the rule of law based on it in various spheres of legal relations, including marriage, family and housing. The study revealed the particularly significant role and important place of specialized family courts in improving the social and demographic characteristics of the population. The scientific works of scientists and the regulatory legal framework for the organization and functioning of family courts, empirical data on their activities have been studied. At the end of the work, brief conclusions are given, arguing arguments about the relevance, viability, and justification of the family courts of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Exploring lesbian adolescence: an analysis of Abha Dawesar’s Babyji

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the advancement of cultural transformation over time demands certain alterations in human perceptions. It also aims to examine the 21st century’s many radical changes in India, the constant legal battles to decriminalize homosexuality, and challenges to the rigid dichotomy between heterosexuality and homosexuality. Besides, it influences popular culture among the masses, which has turned out to create a more visible space for the lesbian community. In India, lesbian literature begins synchronously under the shades of women’s writing and feminism that wires new hopes for their identity. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines a primary text as Indian writer Abha Dawesar’s Babyji (2005). There comes the iconic work of Abha Dawesar’s Babyji (2005), which creates a turning point by introducing the life, inner conflict and turbulence of a teenage girl. In addition, a textual analysis of this novel brings forth an analysis of attributes such as sexuality, gender and the interplay of caste and class that meld lesbian childhood and adolescence. This paper also examines how a lesbian girl adapts to and negotiates her maturation amidst vivid social scenarios and cultural conditioning. Findings A few studies (Hidalgo, et al., 2013; Bem, 1989; Pyne, 2016) show many children have reached or crossed their teenage life without accurate or affirmative knowledge of sexuality and gender. Parents, teachers and even other intellectuals of the adult world fail to transfer their knowledge effectively to children. Definitely, the relevance of sex education is paramount, but more important is what implementation tactics should be used for the same cause. The point is that sex education should not be condensed into a certain gender or perpetuate parochial discrimination. It needs to adapt an age-appropriate curriculum for the cognitive and emotional development of the individuals. Considering these factors, understanding comprehensive sex education is what is most likely to find sustainable remedies for this matter. Gerald writes about a socialization process and gays and lesbians hiding their identity from family and society; a fear of rejection; there is a social gap in peer and family spheres. These fears prevent lesbian or gay young persons from fully developing their identities (1999). Rao and Mason tested a model derived from minority stress theory in which the perceived impact of Section 377 increases depressive symptoms of sexual minorities by increasing concealment stress, leading to a diminished sense of belonging. Because of their minority status, they are more vulnerable to and have a higher prevalence of mental illness than heterosexual individuals (2018). Originality/value Babyji has created a discourse to perpetuate normativity and gives importance to the mental health of the excluded lesbian group. It opens a door to studying teenage groups’ issues and their challenges to understanding social and mental issues regarding their identity. A study on this untouched area is required to highlight their issues and mental health problems. This research is an initiative step to create and provide a platform to raise awareness in society.

Analisis Tingkat Pemahaman Warga terhadap Penggunaan Zat Kimia dalam Ruang Lingkup Rumah Tangga

The public perspective of chemistry, considered to be something that has always been associated with B3 or Toxic and Dangerous Substances, in fact this is not entirely true. Instead, our lives are surrounded by various kinds of chemicals. Both the molecules of the elements and the compounds, their existence is very close to ourselves. Inappropriate knowledge and attitudes toward the term chemicals are found in our society. But chemicals are not something that must be avoided, but used with careful rules. In reality, chemicals are very helpful in the various activities of life. Based on this, there should be an education such as socialization to people that chemicals are not always dangerous substances. The data was collected with qualitative techniques, through unstructured interviews related to the understanding of chemicals in the family sphere with some basic questions related to household chemicals as well as socialization activities concerning chemical substances in households to people of RT 05 RW 02 Cirejag Village, Karawang. The interview was conducted to obtain an explanation about how far they understand about the chemical in the household so that the socialization activities held are expected to help correct misperceptions and improve their understanding related to domestic chemicals.

Family potential as a component of the human potential of Russian regions

The purpose of the study is to present family potential as a structural component of human potential with the core of family potential consisting of marriages, primarily registered. In the period between the All–Russian censuses of 2002, 2010, 2020 there was a decrease in the number of married people in the country: the number of married people decreased in 2020 as compared to 2002 by 7839 thousand people (12.6%). The proportion of married men decreased by 11.8%, among women the decrease was 11.4%. The largest decrease occurred between the censuses of 2010 and 2020: – 9.9% for male cohorts and – 9.5% for female cohorts. Approaches to analysis of human potential usually do not include the indicators that form family potential, or reduce it only to reproductive function. At the same time, formation of families, their number and quality is of fundamental importance when considering human potential, as it reflects the state of social solidarity, which is formed also in families. The article analyzes the indicators of marriage and divorce in the regions of the Russian Federation, presents the factors affecting them, and gives the author’s definition of family potential. It is shown that the social policy in the Russian Federation is mainly related to measures to increase the birth rate, which, apart from the impact on the sphere of family and marriage relations, does not bring positive results. At the same time, the most important task is formation of social values aimed at increasing strong families based on the values of matrimony.

Pelaksanaan Penyidikan Pelaku Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual dalam Lingkup Keluarga di Wilayah Hukum Polresta Padang

Currently, there are more patterns of human behavior that are not in accordance with the norms that apply in society, so that many criminal acts occur, one of which is sexual violence against children by their immediate family. One of these cases occurred in the jurisdiction of the Polresta Padang. The problems discussed are regarding the implementation of investigations carried out by Polresta Padang investigators in handling cases of sexual violence in the family sphere, the obstacles faced by investigators in cases of sexual violence in the family sphere, and investigators' efforts to overcome the obstacles faced in cases of sexual violence in the family sphere. . This research uses an empirical juridical approach. The results of the research show that the implementation of the investigation process for perpetrators of criminal acts of sexual violence in the family sphere was carried out in stages, namely receiving reports, carrying out investigations, making arrests, summoning witnesses, making detentions, making confiscations, carrying out examinations of suspects and witnesses, and making requests for Visum Et. Repertum until the investigation is completed and submitted to the prosecutor's office. The obstacles faced during the investigation process were that it was difficult to obtain information, there were no witnesses who saw it directly, and the perpetrator ran away. Then the efforts made by investigators to overcome these obstacles were to ask for help from social workers from the Social Service to accompany the victim during the investigation process

Resolusi Konflik Dalam Keluarga Terhadap Anak Yang Terlibat Dalam Hukum

This article explores the consequences of conflict resolution within the family sphere on children involved in the legal system. The discussion covers aspects such as sources of conflict, resolution strategies, and psychological impacts for children involved in legal situations. With an interdisciplinary approach, this article illustrates the complex relationship between family conflict and a child's journey through the legal system, specifically focusing on the long-term impact on their psychosocial well-being. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for legal practitioners, social workers, and relevant parties in handling children's cases involved in law, with the aim of enhancing a holistic approach and providing better support for these children.

The Influence of Technology on the Interaction of Parents and Children in the Family

This study explores how technology affects the interaction dynamics between parents and children in the family sphere. This study uses library research with integrative and comprehensive analysis in investigating and analyzing various related literature sources to understand the effect of technology use on parent-child interaction in the family context. The findings of this study highlight that the use of technology significantly impacts the interaction between parents and children in the family. The use of technology, especially when it is not regulated correctly, tends to reduce the time parents and children should spend together. However, it should be recognized that technology also has the potential to be a valuable tool, mainly when used wisely and as a positive educational resource. Therefore, effective management related to the use of technology in the family environment plays a crucial role in maintaining this balance. Parents have a responsibility to set healthy rules and boundaries regarding the use of technology, as well as to educate children about digital ethics. In addition, parents' active involvement in using technology with their children becomes crucial. With a wise and sustainable approach to technology, families can achieve a balance that supports the development and happiness of children amid an era of technological development that continues to grow.

Unveiling Teachers’ Perception: Cultural Influences on Educators' Decision-Making in High-Stakes Exams

This study analyses the diverse motives of educators entering the teaching profession and their impact on pedagogical decisions during high-stakes exams. Semi-structured interviews with eight participants (six male and two female teachers) from secondary schools in Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, lasted up to forty minutes. These interviews aimed to elicit insights into the participants' beliefs on their professional calling.Three key themes emerged from the interviews' thematic analysis: the trajectory of a teacher's personal history, the influential role of degree choice, and the weight of accountability. Furthermore, the findings highlighted how gender identity not only influenced the teachers but also echoed across their familial spheres, guiding them towards a profession in education.This investigation underlined the critical significance of cultural beliefs in developing educators' motivations, which serve as the foundation of their professional identity. As a result, this identification has a substantial impact on their pedagogical practises in the classroom, particularly when confronted with the demands imposed by high-stakes exams. This study sheds insight into the intricacies underpinning educators' decision-making processes, particularly in circumstances typified by rigorous assessments, by providing a comprehensive view of the delicate interplay between cultural factors, individual motives, and professional practice.

Optimizing Social Support: Building Resilience to Work-Related Stress in Women through Managing Conflict Between Work and Personal Life

Job stress, as a major well-being issue in the contemporary world of work, is attracting increasing attention from researchers, especially in the context of its effects on women. Women often fulfill dual roles as professional workers and household leaders, presenting unique challenges in managing multiple demands both at work and within the family sphere. This research discusses how the imbalance between work life and personal life, especially work-life conflict, influences work stress levels in career women. This research involved 200 women who had worked for at least 6 months. Using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) data analysis method with the help of the SmartPLS application, this research discusses the influence of Work-Life Conflict (WLC) on women's work stress levels. The findings highlight the importance of conflict management between work and personal life, with implications for organizational policies in supporting such balance. Although Perceived Social Support (PSS) was not proven to be a significant mediator, this research contributes to the understanding of the complexity of the dynamics between these variables, providing a basis for further research and practical implementation. These findings also emphasize the important role of leadership in creating an organizational culture that supports work-life balance.

The effect of thriving at work on work-family conflict: the mediating role of workaholism

Thriving at work is a relatively new concept in the field of organizational behavior, and many scholars have emphasized the importance of its outcomes in the last decade or so, but we still know little about the possible dark side of thriving at work. In this study, based on the conservation of resources theory, we studied the effect of thriving at work on work-family conflict, the mediating effects of workaholism, and the moderating effects of work-family separation preference and trust climate. By analyzing 372 samples, we found that thriving at work was significantly and positively related to work-family conflict; workaholism partially mediated the relationship between thriving at work and work-family conflict; work-family separation preference negatively moderated the relationship between thriving at work and workaholism. The moderating role of the trust climate was not verified. This paper explores the internal mechanisms by which thriving at work negatively affects the family sphere and helps individuals avoid falling into the dark side of thriving at work.

Generations and Life Worlds: The Case of Braga in Portugal

The objective of this research is to present the primary results of a study on generations and generational relationships in Braga, Portugal, specifically in the spheres of family, school, work, leisure and consumption, and religion. For this purpose, three generational cohorts were differentiated, belonging to those born in the decades 1940–1950, 1965–1975, and 1990–2000. This work will focus on the first of these generations, 1940–1950. To carry out this research, each generation was structured based on gender and social class, and qualitative (Life Stories) and quantitative (questionnaires) techniques were used. We started from the hypotheses suggested by previous research (blinded for review) and confirmed by the one being developed that it is possible to observe certain generational connections, despite the divisions related to gender and social class that exist within them (a division that gains greater visibility in the qualitative dimension), and that relationships between generations cannot be approached from theoretical models based on mere reproduction or opposition. Instead, we must grasp these relationships through more complex and dynamic processes, through which they will reconfigure and rework what is transmitted and what is received by each generation, resulting in a unique outcome that will be explored in this work. The religious dimension, which was previously a naturally assumed and lived tradition, ceased to be recognised as an identity determinant by the younger generations. As a result, the cultural heritage is no longer passed down as tradition. In this sense, there is a whole “integral ecology” (LS 159), in its broadest sense, recovering that is capable of cementing principles and values that unite generations and give meaning to life. To carry out this research, a theoretical and analytical framework has been established based on the following dimensions: transmissions (concerning the narratives and the people who appear as their referents); temporalities that articulate both the relationships within each generation and between generations; spaces, structures, and rituals that make up and give meaning to the transmissions; recognised debts, obligations, and interdependencies; expectations and achievements; and tensions between the expected and the achieved.

Analysis of Language and Cultural Shifts in The Technological Era in Kelambir V Kebun Village, Hamparan Perak

This research on language shift in the Kelambir V Village community aims to describe the form of community language use based on the age domain, namely children, adolescents, and adults. The type of research used by researchers is descriptive quantitative. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the Deli Malay language in Kelambir V Village can be said to still survive. In language selection, the largest use of Deli Malay language is in the family domain, the second largest user is in the neighborhood domain, the third in the work domain, and the fourth in the religious domain. In the Deli Malay community, the use of Deli Malay is more dominantly used in the family sphere and the realm of neighbors which is type (R), while in the realm of work and the realm of religion which is type (T) is more dominant in using mixed languages (Deli Malay - Indonesian).

PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN MODERASI BERAGAMA PADA ANAK USIA DINI

The purpose of this study is to describe the role played by parents in an effort to develop religious moderation in early childhood within the family sphere. The method used in this research is qualitative with a literature study approach. The literature used is books and articles about religious moderation in early childhood. Data collection techniques are carried out by exploring matters or variables related to religious moderation and the involvement of parents and early childhood in it. The data analysis technique used is a content analysis model on data obtained from readings on religious moderation in early childhood. The study results show that the values of religious moderation instilled in early childhood are national commitment, tolerance, anti-radicalism, and accommodative. The forms of the role of parents in the development of religious moderation in early childhood are media filters used by children, telling the good stories of the Prophets and Apostles, teaching respect, respect, and tolerance with others, and setting an example through example and habituation of good behavior.

How to Live Well: Mimetic Ethics and Civic Education in Graeco-Roman Antiquity and Early Christianity

Mimesis played a crucial role in moral and civic education in Graeco-Roman antiquity. From classical Greek drama to Aristotle to the Graeco-Roman rhetorical traditions, mimetic ethics focuses on how personal example and imitation shaped people’s behaviour and character. Extended contact with the Graeco-Roman traditions led early Christianity to adopt the concept of mimesis in the overlapping spheres of family and education. Discipleship and citizenship intersect in that Christians are called to be good disciples or ‘citizens’ in God’s society. This study explores the Johannine, Pauline, and Petrine traditions and proposes that the mechanism of personal example and imitation regulates the ethical–political life of early Christians and instructs them to live well in both the church and society.

Pemertahanan bahasa ibu dalam ranah keluarga pada masyarakat suku Bugis di Kepulauan Karimunjawa

The purpose of this study is to describe the preservation of the mother tongue in the family sphere in the Bugis community in the Karimunjawa Islands. This research used a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected using observation and unstructured interviews. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman's theory, the sociolinguistic approach related to preservation, and the language shift by Spolsky and Schiffman. The results of the analysis are presented descriptively. The results of this study indicate the role of the head of the family in regulating the pattern of selection and preservation of the mother tongue in the family of the Bugis ethnic community in the Karimunjawa Islands region. There is a slight difference between ideological patterns related to the process of language preservation in families in young families and non-young families. Young families are more flexible in intervening in the linguistic ideology of their children, while non-young families appear to have strong interventions. The multilingual Bugis community still exists and practices its language and maintains Bugis to communicate in the sphere of daily life, despite being able to use Javanese and Indonesian. Tradition and culture are also important supports for language maintenance in the Bugis community in Karimunjawa.

Automatic captions on video calls: a must for the older adults

In recent years, the use of video call or video conference tools has not stopped increasing, and especially due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of video calls increased in the educational and work spheres, but also in the family sphere, due to the risks of contagion in face-to-face meetings. Throughout the world, many older people are affected by hearing loss. Auditory functional diversity can make it difficult to enjoy video calls. Using automatic captions might help these people, but not all video calling tools offer this functionality, and some offer it in some languages. We developed an automatic conversation captioning tool using Automatic Speech Recognition and Speech to Text, using the free software tool Coqui STT. This automatic captioning tool is independent of the video call platform used and allows older adults or anyone with auditory functional diversity to enjoy video calls in a simple way. A transparent user interface was designed for our tool that overlays the video call window, and the tool allows us to easily change the text size, color, and background settings. It is also important to remember that many older people have visual functional diversity, so they could have problems reading the texts, thus it is important that each person can adapt the text to their needs. An analysis has been carried out that includes older people to analyze the benefits of the interface, as well as some configuration preferences, and a proposal to improve the way the text is displayed on the screen. Spanish and English were tested during the investigation, but the tool allows us to easily install dozens of new languages based on models trained for Coqui STT.

Varieties of egalitarianism: gender ideologies in the late socialism of the German Democratic Republic

ABSTRACTThe socialist German Democratic Republic (GDR) in the east part of former divided Germany, which existed between 1949 and 1990, saw the emancipation of women as a national objective. In this paper we examine the gender ideologies of young people in the GDR in relation to state socialist ideas of gender equality. First, we outline the GDR’s socialist state policy in favour of maternal full-time employment, even with young children, between the 1950s and the 1980s. We then present the results of our analysis of gender ideologies using survey data collected by the GDR’s Central Institute of Youth Research in 1984. By applying latent class analysis, we identify two patterns of egalitarianism in the analytic sample, which we term ‘all-inclusive-egalitarians’ and ‘not-in-my-backyard-egalitarians’ (‘nimby-egalitarians’). The former supported gender equality in both the public and familial spheres. The nimby-egalitarians, by contrast, had ambivalent attitudes, as they supported gender equality in the public sphere and at the same time held more traditional attitudes towards the private sphere. Our study demonstrates that after almost 40 years of propagating gender equality, state socialism in the GDR had some success in shaping societal gender ideologies. However, we reveal ambivalences which researchers have previously often overseen, especially in contrast to the Western part of Germany. The top-down shaped GDR patterns of egalitarianism also bear similarities to the stalled gender revolution in contemporary Western democratic societies. Beyond the results, the paper proves the richness and principle usability of hitherto rarely used data sets preserved from the GDR.

The Impact of Spousal Relationships on Fertility Intentions of One-Child Urban Young Couples*

Below-replacement fertility has spread from developed industrialized countries to some developing countries, including China. Based on the theory of the transformation of intimacy, this study utilizes the data from the Xi’an Special Survey on Child Rearing Costs and Fertility Intentions to explore the impact of spousal relationships on the fertility intentions of young urban couples and gender differences in this regard in terms of power relations, distribution of responsibility, and emotional connection. The study reveals that 1) an inverse J-shaped relationship (initially showing a decline followed by a rise) exists between family power equalization and fertility intentions, especially for women; 2) the greater the husband’s share of housework, the less he will desire fertility, but a wife’s level of satisfaction with her husband’s housework sharing increases her fertility motivation; and 3) frequent spousal interactions and emotional intimacy contribute to increased fertility intentions, especially on the part of women. From the perspective of the transformation of intimacy, the above results suggest that the impact of spousal relationships on young couples’ fertility intentions is increasingly strong and that continued promotion of gender equality in the family sphere is of great significance to reversing low total fertility rates.

Non-employment, gender norms and the risk of couple separation in eastern and western Germany.

This paper examines and compares the impact of non-employment - more precisely female and male unemployment and female labour-market inactivity - on cohabiting and married couples' separation risk in eastern and western Germany. Although Germany has experienced substantial changes in the spheres of family and labour market in recent decades, differences between the former East and West Germany persist even over 30 years after reunification. Applying conditional logistic fixed-effect models to German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) data, I find the following: in western Germany, where - despite a trend towards more egalitarian gender norms - traditional gender norms still prevail, male unemployment increases couples' separation risk, whereas female labour-market inactivity reduces it. Examining change across two birth cohorts - women born in or before 1971 and women born after 1971 - I find for western Germany that the effects of male and female unemployment on couple separation appear to be converging, and the relationship-stabilising effect of female labour-market inactivity seems to be diminishing. This is in line with the trend towards egalitarian gender norms in that region. In eastern Germany, both female and male unemployment have a relationship-destabilising effect in the older birth cohort, which might reflect the more egalitarian gender norms there. However, the relationship-destabilising effect of male and female unemployment is diminishing, and can no longer be found in the younger birth cohort. Unexpectedly, for eastern German women born after 1971, labour-market inactivity is relationship-stabilising, which was not the case in the older cohort.