Family Practices Research Articles

스마트폰 딸노릇하기 : 북한 초국가적 가족 실천과 이동전화

스마트폰 딸노릇하기 : 북한 초국가적 가족 실천과 이동전화

Predicting 1-Year Mortality in Outpatients With Heart Failure With Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Do Empiric Models Outperform Physician Intuitive Estimates? A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Many studies have demonstrated that physicians often err in estimating patient prognosis. No studies have directly compared physician to model predictive performance in heart failure (HF). We aimed to compare the accuracy of physician versus model predictions of 1-year mortality. This multicenter prospective cohort study on 11 HF clinics in 5 provinces in Canada included consecutive consented outpatients with HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (<40%). By collecting clinical data, we calculated predicted 1-year mortality using the Seattle HF Model (SHFM), the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic HF score, and the HF Meta-Score. HF cardiologists and family doctors, blinded to model predictions, estimated patient 1-year mortality. During 1-year follow-up, we recorded the composite end point of mortality, urgent ventricular assist device implant, or heart transplant. We compared physicians and model discrimination (C statistic), calibration (observed versus predicted event rate), and risk reclassification. The study included 1643 patients with ambulatory HF with a mean age of 65 years, 24% female, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 28%. Over 1-year follow-up, 9% had an event. The SHFM had the best discrimination (SHFM C statistic 0.76; HF Meta-Score 0.73; Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure 0.70) and calibration. Physicians' discrimination differed little (0.75 for HF cardiologists and 0.73 for family doctors) but both physician groups substantially overestimated risk by >10% in both low- and high-risk patients (poor calibration). In risk reclassification analysis, among patients without events, the SHFM better classified 51% in comparison to HF cardiologists and 43% in comparison to family doctors. In patients with events, the SHFM erroneously assigned lower risk to 44% in comparison to HF cardiologists and 34% in comparison to family doctors. Family doctors and HF cardiologists showed adequate risk discrimination, with however substantial overestimation of absolute risk. Predictive models showed higher accuracy. Incorporating models in family and HF cardiology practices may improve patient care and resource use in HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. URL: https://www. gov; Unique identifier: NCT04009798.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Family Planning Among Saudi Primary Health Care Attendees in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Assessing community awareness and practice of the significance and methods of family planning is critical for improving the effectiveness and quality of services, policies, and planning, which has a positive impact on the health and quality of life of women, children, families, and communities. This study aims to determine Saudi population'sknowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.The study included randomly selected participants (male and female Saudi primary health care attendees).All adult Saudi individuals of both genders attending primary health care centers were eligible for inclusion in this study.Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 15 (Released 2006; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States).Descriptive statistics for the prevalence and quantitative variables was used. Results:The study included 672 participants; 78.6% of them were females and 21.4% were males. 23.8% of participants aged between 20 and 30 years old.73.8% of participants heard of family planning before. The source of information about family planning was reported as 36.9% from the Internet, 27.4% from relatives, 21.4% from the doctor, and 14.3% from books.21.4% think that long-term contraceptive use led to permanent infertility.81.0% of the participants said that they tend to use family planning methods. 78.6% of the participants have used a family planning method before, where 25.8%of the participants used natural contraception methods, 21.2%used surgical contraception, 27.3%used condoms, and 12.1%used hormonal tablets, while 13.6%used nothing. However, 65.2% currently use contraceptives. 31.8% use the natural method of family planning currently, 21.2% use surgical methods, and 6.1% use condoms. In comparison to many studies previously mentioned, the rate of family planning utilization was average, as was the level of knowledge and attitude towardfamily planning. However, there were some mistaken beliefs among participants regarding contraceptives. Age,gender, the duration of a marriage, education level, working status, and monthly income were all found to be significantly associated with knowledge of family planning.

Empowerment of health cadres in conducting stunting prevention efforts using EMPASI SEHATI educational media

Stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by the world, including Indonesia. Stunting occurs due to multifactorial causes. The incidence of stunting increases during the provision of complementary feeding. Many families practice inappropriate feeding practices, including early complementary feeding. Health cadres, as an extension of healthcare workers who interact directly with the community, are important in having the knowledge and ability to educate the community. The purpose of this community service activity is to empower health cadres to accelerate the reduction of stunting prevalence using the EMPASI SEHATI media. There is an increase in the knowledge of health cadres and the community regarding meeting the nutritional needs of children. The EMPASI SEHATI educational media can be an effective media that can be accommodated by health centers to increase public knowledge in the effort to prevent stunting in Indonesia.

Identità e lingua di madri moldave emigrate in Italia

Identity And Language Of Moldovan Mothers Emigrated To Italy. The present study investigates family-related language practices of Moldovan mothers emigrated to Italy, through a semi-structured interview. To date, few studies have considered linguistic choices in relation to educational practices and identity aspects in this population. Ten Moldovan woman have been interviewed. Results from a thematic analysis on the collected interviews has highlighted a complex relationship between identity, language and education: the use of the mother tongue or the «new» language appeared intertwined with the historical and political events of the country of origin, with consequences on the different use of languages in domestic contexts, through specific choices or «code-mixing»; or in extended family contexts. With their children, the language of origin is predominant, although the practices adopted to promote it are often mediated by TV. Overall, the findings confirm the interdependent nature of the cultural, social and identity aspects that influence language practices in migrant families from Moldova; at the same time, the selective use of these practices within different contexts and relationships has consequences for their children’s educational experiences.

The absence of language: A critical race discourse analysis of Ontario's child welfare legislation and the impacts on Black families

BackgroundThe research pertaining to racial disparities for Black families in child welfare is relatively limited in Canada. Recent research reveals that the overrepresentation of Black families in Canadian child welfare systems typically begins at the reporting or investigation stage and continues throughout the child welfare service and decision-making continuum. This research is occurring against the backdrop of increasing public acknowledgement of Canada's historic anti-Black policy-making and institutional relationships to Black communities. Though there is increased awareness about anti-Black racism, there has been limited exploration of the connection between anti-Black racism in child welfare legislation and how this policy generates disparities for Black families in both child welfare involvement and outcomes – this paper seeks to fill this gap in knowledge. ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to explore the entrenchment of anti-Black racism within the child welfare system by critically assessing the language and absence of language within the guiding legislative and implementation policies. MethodsUtilizing a critical race discourse analysis method, this study explores the entrenchment of anti-Black racism within the Ontario child welfare system by critically assessing the language and absence of language within the guiding legislative policies that shape practice for Black children, youth, and families. ResultsThe findings revealed that though the legislation does not explicitly address anti-Black racism, there were instances where the legislation indicated that race and culture may be considered in responding to children and families. The lack of specificity, particularly in the Duty to Report, has the potential to contribute to disparate reporting and decision-making for Black families. ConclusionsPolicy makers should acknowledge the history of anti-Black racism that informed the development of the legislation in Ontario and move towards tackling systemic injustices that disproportionately affect Black families. More explicit language will shape future policies and practices to ensure that the impact of anti-Black racism is considered across the child welfare continuum.

The “PERSPECS” principles: early action and migrant children with no recourse to public funds

PurposeThis paper aims to make the case for early action approaches with migrant families, introducing a set of principles for practice, mapped against the Professional Capabilities Framework for social work and the Social Work England professional standards.Design/methodology/approachThe paper first explores the context of social work with migrant families, outlining the challenges and gaps in our conceptual understanding of this work. The paper then introduces a conceptual model of work with migrant families which draws on the literature from social work and allied professions, and informed by social work values and ethics.FindingsCurrent social work practice with migrant children has been criticised as defensive, procedural and lacking a coherent conceptual basis, particularly for those who are subject to the no recourse to public funds (NRPF) rule. This field of social work practice would benefit from an evidence-informed model of practice, anchored in human rights approaches and focused on early action. Eight principles, drawn from existing good practice in other social work and social care contexts, are outlined as the basis for a new model of practice in social work with migrant families.Originality/valueThe NRPF rule is a provision in the immigration rules that prevents people who are subject to immigration control from claiming most social security benefits in the UK. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in research about the NRPF rule and its negative impact on children. However, there is currently no evaluated model of social work practice for children and families with NRPF.

Analysis of the application of music curriculum education integrating modern network technology

Abstract During rapid chemistry, cultural convergence, and technological advancement, music education management has increasingly become an interdisciplinary discipline integrating musicology, pedagogy, management, educational economics, ethics, and related technological sciences. However, in the current structure of general music education, there is still a discrepancy between the reality and the ideal in terms of philosophy, content, methods, and evaluation in the practice of family, school, and social music education. In order to solve such problems, this paper focuses on the current knowledge-tracking mechanism in music learning education. Firstly, we analyze and compare the DKT model, DKVMN model, and LSTM neural network and propose a new LMKT model after studying the advantages and disadvantages. In order to analyze the characteristics of student learning data, the student learning process was observed visually on two online publicly available real data sets, ASSISTMents2009 and ASSISTMents2015. The results show that the AUC value of the LMKT model proposed in this paper (73.83%) is 4.62% and 1.15% higher than that of the DKT model (69.21%) and the DKVMN model (72.68%), respectively, and that knowledge tracking is less effective as the number of clusters increases when the number of student clusters K is greater than 6. When the number of K is less than 6, the knowledge-tracking effect becomes better as the number of clusters increases. It is finally concluded that the LMKT model shows a better tracking effect, and the clustering feature improves the knowledge-tracking ability of the model.

POSITIVE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BASELINE ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND NEW-ONSET DIABETES: A POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY

Objective: The temporal relationship between increased arterial stiffness and diabetes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether arterial stiffness was associated with new-onset diabetes. Design and method: The study population comprised participants from the Vitamin D Assessment (ViDA) Study, a randomised controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation that recruited participants mostly from family practices in Auckland, New Zealand from 5 April 2011 to 6 November 2012. Arterial stiffness was measured at baseline by aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), augmentation index (AIx) and pulse pressure (PP). Vitamin D did not affect the risk of the main study outcomes including cardiovascular disease. The final study population was 4479 participants after excluding those with existing diabetes (as determined by dispensed prescriptions and self-report). New-onset diabetes was determined by linkage to dispensed prescription and national hospital discharge registers. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the incidence of diabetes in relation to aPWV, AIx and PP. Results: The mean (SD) age of participants at baseline was 66.2 (8.3), 2556 (57.1%) were male and 3880 (86.6%) were of European or other ethnicity, with the remainder being Polynesian (including indigenous Maori) or South Asian. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 6.86 ± 0.43 years, 364 (8.1%) participants developed diabetes. Following adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, mean arterial pressure, body mass index and vitamin D supplementation (vitamin D vs placebo), aPWV and PP, but not AIx were associated with an increase in new onset-diabetes (per SD increase, aPWV hazard ratio, 1.36, 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.64; PP hazard ratio, 1.40 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.68; AIx hazard ratio, 1.02, 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.14). Conclusions: Arterial stiffness, as measured by aPWV and PP, independent of other risk factors, may be a useful predictor of new-onset diabetes.

Research on the Design and Implementation Strategies of Parent-child Play for Infants and Toddlers Aged 2-3 Years

Infancy is a critical period for children's physical and mental development, and family parent-child play is one of the important ways to promote the physical and mental development of infants and toddlers. The purpose of this paper is to explore the design and real-time strategy of parent-child play for infants and toddlers aged 2-3 years. Through a review of existing research, the design and implementation strategies of parent-child play for infants and toddlers aged 2-3 years are proposed, and common types of parent-child play and practical examples are introduced, taking into account the parent-child play practices of families in China. The results show that the design of parent-child games should pay attention to the developmental stages and individual differences of infants and toddlers, focus on the fun and interactive nature of the games, and at the same time integrate educational elements to help infants and toddlers learn and explore the world. Parent-child play practices should emphases parental involvement and guidance, create a good atmosphere for parent-child interaction, and improve parents' parenting skills and family education.

Tolerability of bedtime diuretics: a prospective cohort analysis

ObjectivesWe sought to validate, or refute, the common belief that bedtime diuretics are poorly tolerated due to nocturia.DesignPrespecified prospective cohort analysis embedded within the randomised BedMed trial, in which hypertensive...

Changes to assessments of child well-being brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic – Finnish family services and child welfare services supervisors’ perspective

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic impacted social work practices, given limitations to practitioners’ possibilities to meet with clients face-to-face since spring 2020. In this article, we examine the kinds of changes the COVID-19 pandemic brought about in relation to assessment practices in Finnish family and child welfare services. Collected in 2021 and 2022, data consist of 17 interviews with supervisors who work in family and child welfare services and who are responsible for organising the assessment of children’s well-being. To analyse the data, we employed a thematic analysis. As a result of our study, we identified and named three different themes to describe changes to practices from different perspectives. These themes are moving to remote communication, delays in the availability of social and health services and assessment deadlines as well as the challenges of conducting assessments.

Early Introduction of Allergenic Foods in Infants and Children

Immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies are a concerning health problem affecting 5.5% of children and 6% of adults in the United States. Nine foods cause 90% of food allergies, with milk, eggs, and peanuts most often linked to food allergies in infants and children. Prevention strategies have shifted from avoidance of foods to the early introduction of high allergenic foods. Evidence supports that the early introduction of peanuts can reduce food allergies. United States guidelines promote the optimal times for the introduction of high-allergen foods. Future research is required to ensure evidence-based best practices for patients and families.

Access to General Practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal-A survey study of patient experiences in an urban setting.

In 2020, Portugal had high levels of unmet health care needs. Primary Care was reported as the main source of unmet needs. To describe face-to-face and remote access to GPs in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic. To discover patient experiences and attitudes to access to care. To identify determinants of access to care. A survey of a random sample of 4,286 adults registered in a group of Family Practices was conducted in 2021. Paper questionnaires were sent by post to patients who had no e-mail address registered with the practice. Patients with an e-mail address were sent a link to an online questionnaire. Outcomes were reported waiting times for face-to-face and remote contacts with GPs, dichotomized to ascertain compliance with standards. Associations between participant characteristics and outcome variables were tested using logistic regression. Waiting times for face-to-face consultations with GPs during the pandemic often exceeded the maximum waiting times (MWT) set by the National Health Service. Remote contacts were mostly conducted within acceptable standards. Waiting times for speaking with the GP over the phone were rated as 'poor' by 40% and 27% reported requests for these calls as unmet. The odds of getting care over MWT increased for participants who reported poorer digital skills. Participants were less likely to get non-urgent consultations over MWT if they found it easy to use the online patient portal to book appointments (odds ratio 0.24; 99% confidence intervals 0.09-0.61), request prescriptions (0.18; 0.04-0.74) or insert personal data (0.18; 0.04-0.95). Patient reported access to GPs during the pandemic was uneven in Portugal. Obtaining non-urgent consultations and remote contacts over MWT affected mainly those patients with poor digital skills. Telephone access to GPs received the worse ratings. Access through traditional pathways must remain available, to prevent the widening of inequities.

Family Practices In The Construction Of Creative Professionals. A Biographical Perspective

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationships between family configurations and creative occupations. For this purpose, a biographical perspective was taken through the reconstruction of the life histories of sixteen creative professionals in Spain. We have followed two lines of approach, namely Florida’s classification of occupations (2002), which distinguishes between a creative class and a super-creative core, and Lahire’s conception of family configuration (1995). The main results reveal the importance of practices that are carried out on a daily basis by the family network (both internally and externally): reading and writing, cultural consumption (theatre, music, exhibitions, etc.), types of leisure (travelling) and forms of authority that lead the way to self-control and domestic family order. We have shown with this study the importance of the transmission of family culture in the construction of people who have creative occupations and the relationship that exists between the family educational capital and the educational level attained by the offspring.

Religion or language? How family socialisation shapes the influence of parental origin-country fertility norms on the ideal family size among children of immigrants in France

ABSTRACT How do immigrant parents transmit their origin-country fertility ideals to their children? Drawing on a national sample of immigrants and their children in France (the ‘Trajectories et Origins’ survey), this study argues that the two main aspects of cultural practices in migrant families, religion and language, influence the fertility socialisation of immigrant children in different ways. Religion, often regulating family life and sexuality, directly shapes the ideal family size of immigrant children. Among children of immigrants, those growing up in Muslim families and those in highly religious families desire more children. By contrast, the use of parental origin-country language does not directly affect ideal family size but instead moderates country-of-origin influence. Those who (solely or partly) spoke their parental origin-country language at home during childhood conform more closely to parental origin-country fertility ideals than those who grew up speaking French. These findings highlight that religion and language play different roles in fertility socialisation in migrant families.

Advancing Professional Development for Family, School and Community Engagement:

What follows is a transcript of a conversation that was focused on the new family engagement core competency recommendations from the National Association for Family, School, and Community Engagement (NAFSCE). While it is not new to see specific recommendations for family engagement emerge – generally, these recommendations tend to be prescriptive in nature, grounded in Euro-centric ideologies, and school-centered. NAFSCE, however, has created competencies that, instead of centering what parents and families ought to be doing, emphasize power sharing and the transformation of traditional family, school, and community engagement practices. In addition, NAFSCE’s work has implications for all family-facing professionals, not just teachers and school administrators. Beyond the core competencies, we learn in our conversation more about how NAFSCE’s work around family, school, and community engagement is grounded in social justice and equity. This is especially critical given the fast-moving anti-CRT and anti-LGBTQ policies being passed and proposed nationwide. We invite our readers to consider how we might leverage the work of NAFSCE to more authentically center families and communities within family, school, and community engagement.

Home as a site of resistance/repression? The intersection of family, politics and the Hong Kong 2019 protest movement

This article illuminates the mutually constitutive nature of activism and family life in the context of a high-risk protest movement, by focusing on the 2019 Anti-Extradition Bill Movement in Hong Kong. Drawing on data collected through in-depth interviews with individuals who participated in the 2019 Movement, this article captures how politics penetrated individuals’ private lives through everyday family practices, and depicts the ways in which the protest movement undermined or fostered family cohesion. The findings illustrate the heterogeneity of family political interactions during political upheaval: while families were often sites of conflict and repression, which amplified political dissonance and reinforced hegemonic power relations within the domestic sphere, they could also become spaces of activism where individuals exchange political ideas and muster resources for collective actions. This study bridges the literature of family and social movement, by demonstrating how family lives and political participation are interwoven, and simultaneously structure protest participants’ biographical and social movement trajectories.

Caste is a Betrayal to Natural Justice, Accommodating Inequality as a Driving License: A Narrative of Oppression in a Parallel of Democracy

From dropping out of college seats to analyzing meritocracy the paper explores how the question of caste is essentially Brahmanical which is decided on birth and how ideological state apparatus like family or educational institutions practise caste as a ‘natural component’ to the human life to maintain the status quo of Indian social order. This paper will discover how on the Indian enlivened screen ‘democracy for all’ plays in absentia where caste for few others gets mechanically reproduced with a presence of a protagonist obligated to democracy. It will further analyze the way caste has seeped into democratic institutions to maintain inequality in profession isolating class while overlapping with it. Counter arguments also will appear where caste struggle is seen independently as a form of right separated from the question of dignity. This paper will track down the seed of discrimination that was usurped around 1500 BCE through the line of the struggle between two groups of people and try to do a comparative study on consent and hegemony through the reproduction of the silver screen. If Indian Parliament as an established ruling power incorporates equality, then caste goes against the whole idea of Parliament. Interestingly often caste politics submits itself to the worship of Parliament to segregate people not by default. It will track down democracy that embeds natural law and rights where caste is a betrayed natural justice. In this paper, the role of humans as genetically engineered beings will be placed against the unnatural component of Brahmanism that is often decided by production relations. It will also discuss how a written code of conduct could replace blood feuds, a power struggle that gave birth to democracy, and caste was born to accommodate inequality. John Locke’s idea of consent of individuals will be discussed further.

Collaborative practice research in a community-based home visiting program

ABSTRACT Through collaborative practice research with the goal of identifying alternative discourses that can challenge expert-led knowledge in parent education, this study examined a community-based home visiting programme conducted by a social work practitioner serving disadvantaged migrant families in Shenzhen. To obtain diverse information, data was collected by three major methods, including in-depth interviews, participant observations and document reviews. Findings of this study shed lights on the social work research-practice partnership through a reflexive knowledge co-construction approach which helped to produce alternative discourses that considered parents’ experiential knowledge and emphasised a system-oriented perspective. By embracing the alternative subjectivities constituted by alternative discourses as collaborators and co-learners, the practitioner and researcher also demonstrated abilities to think about new possibilities for parent education practice and research. Implications for future empowerment-oriented social work practice and research in family and parent education fields were also discussed.