Family Planning In Nigeria Research Articles

Nigerian Family Planning: Taking Socioeconomic and Sociocultural Aspects into Account for Sustainable Development

The present paper attempts to scrutinize the complex aspect of family planning in Nigeria which is seen as being a catalyst for positive outcomes among women's health issues, wellbeing of their families and the country's progress. Agreeing with SDG that family planning is its top most mission, the World Health Organization (WHO) has chosen it to save the life of mothers and children who are facing complications during the child birth. Although the trend of declining fertility worldwide at the hands of the global contraception is an established fact, the situation of Nigerian women is quite different as they are actually facing a high birth rates and such a phenomenon could eventually lead to a population explosion which in turn would aggravate the economic and social problems. The research explores the multidimensional factors of family planning that comprise the socioeconomic and socio-cultural driving force and emphasizes the intervention efficiency necessity. Keywords: Family Planning, Society, Socio economic matters, and Cultural factor

Family Planning Services Digitalization: Implications to Nursing

This research examines the changing nature of family planning services in Nigeria, investigating the complex interaction between traditional practices, cultural influences, and the continuous integration of digital technologies. Although there has been notable improvement, the availability and use of family planning services continue to encounter ongoing obstacles that are deeply founded in cultural attitudes and structural shortcomings within the healthcare infrastructure. Historically, family planning in Nigeria has mostly depended on traditional practices and cultural beliefs, which have impeded the widespread use of contemporary contraceptive technologies. The intricate interplay of cultural elements leads to a significant percentage of the population being deprived of a wide array of family planning options. The issues are worsened by the healthcare system, which is characterised by limited resources and geographical inequality. The use of digital technology into family planning services offers a revolutionary chance for change. Contraception monitoring applications, wearable gadgets, and telemedicine provide novel methods to improve the accessibility, accuracy, and effectiveness of reproductive healthcare. The research highlights the significance of artificial intelligence and machine learning in customising preventative interventions. Nevertheless, the implementation of digital family planning services presents obstacles such as privacy issues and the need for fair technology availability. The objective of this research is to conduct a thorough analysis of the intricacies related to digitalization, while considering both the advantages and disadvantages. The future of family planning services in Nigeria hinges upon not only technology advancements, but also on cooperative endeavours, cultural awareness, and meticulous strategizing. This article explores the ramifications of digitalization on nursing practice, education, and administration, with a particular focus on the crucial role that nurses play in adapting to this transformational environment. This research provides significant insights to facilitate the successful incorporation of digital technology into family planning services, with the aim of creating a more accessible, patient-centered, and technologically advanced reproductive healthcare system in Nigeria.

On the issue of family planning in Nigeria

Despite the fourth decade of implementation of the Nigerian government family planning program, the total fertility rate remains one of the highest in the world (5.2), and according to UN experts, by the end of the 21st century Nigeria will become the third most populous country after India and China. Explosive growth leads to complications of economic development, undermines food security and the resource base of social policy, can give rise to a series of acute environmental crises, cyclical outbreaks of epidemiological diseases, destructive internal conflicts, socio-political instability, including an increase in crime, and wars with neighboring countries. Traditionalist norms of behavior - the desire of Nigerians to have a large family, in other words, a larger number of free labor in agricultural production, as well as religious attitudes and many other preferences hinder the implementation of state demographic policy programs. In search of a way out, the government turns to scientists, pointing out the need to prioritize reducing child and maternal mortality. They emphasize that increasing financial support for family planning programs, involving religious leaders of all faiths in familiarizing themselves with government demographic policies, and growing the network of health centers for counseling and information on family planning are all as important as the availability and accessibility of contraception. The family planning program is the main, and in many countries the only, component of demographic policy that can significantly reduce maternal and child mortality, contribute to a reduction in the birth rate and progressive socio-economic development.

Challenges in last mile distribution of family planning commodities: Effects on product availability and accessibility in Nigeria.

Family planning (FP) reduces maternal and child mortality risk. Despite policies and plans to improve FP in Nigeria, access remains poor leading to high unmet need. Contraceptive use is still as low as 4.9% in some regions. Thus, this study assessed challenges in FP commodities distribution and its effect on accessibility. Descriptive survey was used to explore last mile distribution of FP commodities in 287 facilities across various levels of FP service provision. Also, 2528 end users of FP services were assessed to ascertain their attitudes towards FP services. Data were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Only 16% of the facilities had all the basic infrastructure requirements assessed with majority of the facilities having inadequate human resource capacity on logistics and supply chain management of health commodities. The study also identified positive attitudes towards FP (80%) and low incidence of stigmatising attitudes (5.4%). The study identified challenges in distribution of FP commodities including frequent stock out of commodities and socio-cultural barriers. Increased positive attitude and limited stigmatising attitudes provides policy directions that are relevant for decision makers to align FP policies and strategies to improve last mile distribution of FP commodities.

Individual and ecological analyses of antenatal care: Prospects for delivery assistance and use of modern family planning in Nigeria.

Despite the availability of healthcare centres for the provision of antenatal care (ANC) services in Nigeria, the services are still underutilized by pregnant women. ANC services not only reduce maternal mortality and birth defects, but also have a strong link to many causes of maternal deaths. This study explored the individual and ecological relationships between antenatal care, skilled birth assistance during delivery, and family planning use across states in Nigeria. This study was a secondary analysis of data from the 2018 National Nutrition and Health Survey (NNHS) carried out among 24,985 women aged 15-49 years in the 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) in Nigeria. Analysis was carried out at the level of individual women and at the ecological level. Only 68.3% visited a health professional (doctors, nurses, midwives, community health extension workers, and community health officers) for ANC in the most recent pregnancy before the survey. At delivery, 44.9% were assisted by delivery attendants with about half (50.1%) assisted by non-professional (traditional birth attendants, relatives and friends) during delivery. There was a significant variation in use of modern family planning (FP) across types of ANC provider. There was a strong positive correlation between ANC utilisation and skilled birth attendance (SBA) (r=0.706, p <0.001), and between SBA and FP (r=0.730, p <0.001). These results have implications for the design of appropriate interventions for strengthening the role of healthcare providers to enhance ANC patronage, utilization of safe delivery services and sustained use of reproductive health services.

Utilization of Family Planning Services in Africa’s Most Populous Nation, are we at a tipping point

Background Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with a population growth rate of 2.53 percent, one of the highest contributors to the global maternal and new born deaths burden. Family planning service utilization has remained low despite efforts by development partners and the government. Hence, the need to examine the utilization of family planning services in order to understand regional preferences, trends, patterns, and utilization associated factors such as accessibility and availability of the services to the populace. Methodology Critical analysis regarding the utilization of family planning in Nigeria was used with source data from NDHS 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018 and DHIS2. The analysis focused on the utilization of family planning services and most utilized family planning options. Finding Contraceptive use among women of reproductive age is generally higher in the northern region than in the southern region. A five-year trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age is showed a slightly declining trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age in the country.Injectables and implants were married women’s most utilized family planning options. As reported by health facilities, utilization of family planning services in 2021 showed that condoms and implants were the most utilized family planning options. Conclusion The findings urge the need to intensify sensitization among the rural populace on the benefits of family planning, improve female literacy and empowerment, and make easily accessible family planning services and commodities.

COVID-19 pandemic and unmet need for family planning in Nigeria

Introductionthe unmet need for family planning is a global health burden. The lockdown occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced access to contraceptives, especially in the developing countries. This study examined the predictors of the unmet need for family planning during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Nigeria.Methodsthe study adopted a cross-sectional analytical survey design. A self-designed questionnaire was administered to 1,404 adult respondents aged 18 years and above. The data was generated through the use of online Google survey and analyzed with SPSS version 25. The results were presented using descriptive and logistic regression at p≤0.05.Resultsfourty-seven percent of the respondents were females and 58.8% were married. The four major reasons for non-access to contraceptive methods during the lockdown were: fear of visiting health facility (77.9%), locked drug/chemist stores (51.2%), the restriction of movement (47.6%) and a lack of access to health care providers (42.9%). Predictors of unmet need for family planning were: aged 26-33 (OR = 1.912, 95% CI: 1.02-3.55), married/cohabiters (OR = 3.693, 95% CI: 2.44-5.58), tertiary education (OR = 0.272, 95% CI: 0.13-0.54), Yoruba ethnicity (OR=1.642, 95% CI: 1.02-2.62), rural residence (OR = 0.554, 95% CI: 0.36-0.85) and 2-4 children born (OR = 3.873, 95% CI: 2.32-6.45).Conclusiona significant proportion of Nigerians experienced an unmet need for family planning during the COVID-19 lockdown. Prioritizing the access to contraceptives during the pandemic would not only allow women and men to correctly plan childbirth, it also reduces maternal risks, poverty and undesirable fertility rates.

Contexts and persistence of age of consent for accessing family planning services in Lagos, Nigeria: A qualitative study.

Nigeria has one of the lowest adolescents family planning uptake in sub-Saharan Africa. Previous studies show that a high age of consent is a significant predictor. Little evidence exists about the contexts and persistence of the high age of consent for accessing family planning in Nigeria. Hence, this study used a qualitative methodology to explore the contexts, persistence and implications of high age of consent for accessing family planning in Lagos State. Forty-four in-depth interviews and 31 key-informant interviews were conducted in two Local Government Areas. NVIVO 12 plus was used to analyse data. The results suggest that contexts consisted of health and moral concerns, religious opposition and negative attitudes, which were underlying the persistence of high age of consent for accessing family planning. The contexts formed the basis for the exclusion of adolescents from family planning services. Consequently, sexually active adolescents adopted local herbs, a combination of different medicines, concoctions and local alcoholic drink (ogogoro) to prevent or abort pregnancies. Therefore, community-based NGOs should engage communities to promote perception change about adolescents accessing family planning and motivate the communities to begin to demand of their representatives in government a policy to lower age of consent for accessing family planning.

Does Family Planning Messages Exposure in the Preceding 12 Months Period Predict the Current Use of a Modern Family Planning Method among Women of Reproductive Age in Nigeria?

This study examined how exposure to Family Planning (FP) information can influence modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. The study used a secondary dataset from the PMA2020/NGR4 conducted in 2017. A total of 11,380 females were interviewed, which is the sample size for this study. Data analysis included Univariate, Bivariate, and Multivariate techniques. Bivariate analysis findings showed that exposure to FP information was higher among those who know a place to obtain FP services. However, other exposure such as via radio, television, newspapers, told at the health facility are also significantly associated with the modern use of FP in Nigeria (p-value <0.05). Binary logistic regression showed that show that women who heard FP information on the radio were 0.23 times as likely to report using contraception compared to those who did not. To improve family planning use various ways of conveying family planning messages should be encouraged because multiple information sources on contraception help retain the message better and extend the reach of the campaign on family planning use.

Sub-national levels and trends in contraceptive prevalence, unmet need, and demand for family planning in Nigeria with survey uncertainty

BackgroundAmbitious global goals have been established to provide universal access to affordable modern contraceptive methods. To measure progress toward such goals in populous countries like Nigeria, it’s essential to characterize the current levels and trends of family planning (FP) indicators such as unmet need and modern contraceptive prevalence rates (mCPR). Moreover, the substantial heterogeneity across Nigeria and scale of programmatic implementation requires a sub-national resolution of these FP indicators. The aim of this study is to estimate the levels and trends of FP indicators at a subnational scale in Nigeria utilizing all available data and accounting for survey design and uncertainty.MethodsWe utilized all available cross-sectional survey data from Nigeria including the Demographic and Health Surveys, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, National Nutrition and Health Surveys, and Performance, Monitoring, and Accountability 2020. We developed a hierarchical Bayesian model that incorporates all of the individual level data from each survey instrument, accounts for survey uncertainty, leverages spatio-temporal smoothing, and produces probabilistic estimates with uncertainty intervals.ResultsWe estimate that overall rates and trends of mCPR and unmet need have remained low in Nigeria: the average annual rate of change for mCPR by state is 0.5% (0.4%,0.6%) from 2012-2017. Unmet need by age-parity demographic groups varied significantly across Nigeria; parous women express much higher rates of unmet need than nulliparous women.ConclusionsUnderstanding the estimates and trends of FP indicators at a subnational resolution in Nigeria is integral to inform programmatic decision-making. We identify age-parity-state subgroups with large rates of unmet need. We also find conflicting trends by survey instrument across a number of states. Our model-based estimates highlight these inconsistencies, attempt to reconcile the direct survey estimates, and provide uncertainty intervals to enable interpretation of model and survey estimates for decision-making.

Experiences With the Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System Among Clients, Providers, and Key Opinion Leaders: A Mixed-Methods Study in Nigeria

The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG IUS) is one of the most effective contraceptive methods, and it has noncontraceptive health benefits, including treatment for women with heavy menstrual bleeding. In 2016, Marie Stopes International Organisation Nigeria (MSION) expanded LNG IUS provision through training and support to 9 mobile outreach teams, 105 social franchise clinics, and 20 public-sector providers in 17 states. Information about the LNG IUS was added to awareness-raising materials, and community mobilizers provided information on the LNG IUS alongside other voluntary family planning methods. In 2016, Marie Stopes International, MSION, and FHI 360 examined clients' and providers' experiences with the LNG IUS to assess the potential for further scale-up of the method as part of a comprehensive approach to family planning in Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was used including analysis of routine service data, supplemental data specific to LNG IUS clients, and in-depth interviews with LNG IUS clients, providers, and key opinion leaders. Just under 1,000 LNG IUS were inserted from September 2016 to December 2017 in 16 states in channels supported by MSION, representing 0.4% of all long-acting and reversible contraceptive (LARC) services provided by the participating providers during this time frame. The vast majority (82%) of LARCs provided were implants. A small pool of providers was responsible for providing almost half of the LNG IUS services. Common reasons for women choosing the LNG IUS were reduced menstrual bleeding (61%), long-acting duration (52%), effectiveness (49%), and discreetness (42%). Almost 80% of the users first heard about the method from a provider. Almost all users and providers reported positive experiences with the method, noting the noncontraceptive benefits and fewer side effects compared with other methods. All providers who were interviewed said they would continue offering the LNG IUS. Several key opinion leaders mentioned a total market approach incorporating both public and private sectors would be needed to successfully scale up the LNG IUS. Reduced menstrual bleeding and fewer side effects compared with other methods were identified as important attributes of the LNG IUS by clients, providers, and key opinion leaders. Challenges to uptake of the LNG IUS include difficulty with introducing a new method within a busy service delivery infrastructure and limited awareness and demand-generation activities on the LNG IUS specifically. A comprehensive product introduction approach with coordinated demand- and supply-side activities may be required for this method to reach its full potential.

A community-based, mixed-methods study of the attitudes and behaviors of men regarding modern family planning in Nigeria

ObjectivesTo investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and extent of involvement of men in family planning in Nigeria, and to evaluate spousal communication regarding family planning. MethodsA community-based, mixed-methods study enrolled participants in Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria between January 11 and June 30, 2012. Quantitative surveys including semi-structured interviews were used to collect information from married men regarding their knowledge and attitudes to modern family planning. The qualitative components constituted focus group discussion sessions and in-depth interviews that included married men, married women, religious leaders, community leaders, and family-planning providers. ResultsQuantitative surveys were completed by 152 men; 99 (65.1%) reported that they would accompany their wives to family-planning clinics in the future, 116 (76.3%) reported approving of the use of modern contraception by their wives, and 132 (86.8%) reported wanting to know more about family planning. Both quantitative and qualitative aspects of the study indicated that husbands were the major decision makers regarding family size, choice of contraceptive, and pregnancy timing. ConclusionIn terms of fertility goals and family planning, men were the primary decision makers; consequently, obtaining their support and commitment to family planning is of crucial importance in Nigeria.

Access to mass media messages, and use of family planning in Nigeria: a spatio-demographic analysis from the 2013 DHS.

BackgroundNigeria has the highest population in sub-Saharan Africa with high birth and growth rates. There is therefore need for family planning to regulate and stabilize this population. This study examined the relationship between access to mass media messages on family planning and use of family planning in Nigeria. It also investigated the impacts of spatio-demographic variables on the relationship between access to mass media messages and use of family planning.MethodsData from the 2013 demographic and health survey of Nigeria which was conducted in all the 36 states of Nigeria, and Abuja were used for the study. The sample was weighted to ensure representativeness. Univariate, bivariate and binary logistic regressions were conducted. The relationship between each of the access to mass media messages, and the family planning variables were determined with Pearson correlation analysis.ResultsThe correlation results showed significant but weak direct relationships between the access to mass media messages and use of family planning at p < 0.0001 with access to television messages (r = 0.239) being associated with highest use of family planning. Some of the results of the adjusted regression analysis showed that access to television messages (OR = 1.2.225; p < 0.0001), and radio messages (OR = 1.945; p < 0.0001) increase the likelihood of the use of family planning. The adjusted regression model also indicated increased likelihood in the use of family planning by respondents with secondary education (OR = 2.709; p < 0.0001), the married (OR = 1.274; p < 0.001), and respondents within the highest wealth quintiles (OR = 3.442; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThere exist significant variations within spatio-demographic groups with regards to having access to mass media messages on family planning, and on the use of family planning. The results showed that access to mass media messages increases the likelihood of the use of family planning. Also people with higher socioeconomic status and those from the Southern part of the country make more use of family planning. There is need to improve the socioeconomic status of the populations. Also, the quality and regularity of mass media messages should be improved, while other communication avenues such as traditional institutions, blogs, and seminars for youths should be used to make family planning messages more acceptable.

Spatial pattern and determinants of unmet need of family planning in Nigeria

Background: Nigeria still grapples with low family planning (FP) use and a high fertility rate. This study explores the factors associated with the unmet need for FP and the coldspots of unmet need for FP in Nigeria.Methods: The 2013 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) data was used to investigate the unmet need for FP in Nigeria. A geo-additive model was specified to simultaneously measure the fixed, nonlinear, spatial and random effects inherent in the data. The fixed effect of categorical covariates was modelled using the diffuse prior, the nonlinear effect of continuous variable was modelled using the P-spline with second-order random walk, the spatial effects followed Markov random field priors while the exchangeable normal priors were used for the random effect of the community. The binomial distribution was used to handle the dichotomous nature of the dependent variable.Results: North East (OR: 1.8404, CI: 1.6170, 2.0941), North West (OR: 1.1145, CI: 1.1454, 1.1789), primary education (OR: 1.0441, CI: 0.9680, 1.1286), Hausa (OR: 2.7031, CI: 2.3037, 3.1513), birth interval greater than 12 months (OR: 1.0909, CI: 1.0447, 1.1379), community (OR: 1.6733, CI: 1.5261, 1.7899) and states (OR: 6.0879, CI: 2.5995, 29.6274) significantly increased the unmet need for FP.Conclusion: The unmet need for FP in Nigeria is positively associated with the Northern region, low level of education and birth interval.

Spatial pattern and determinants of unmet need of family planning in Nigeria

Background: Nigeria still grapples with low family planning (FP) use and a high fertility rate. This study explores the factors associated with the unmet need for FP and the coldspots of unmet need for FP in Nigeria.Methods: The 2013 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) data was used to investigate the unmet need for FP in Nigeria. A geo-additive model was specified to simultaneously measure the fixed, nonlinear, spatial and random effects inherent in the data. The fixed effect of categorical covariates was modelled using the diffuse prior, the nonlinear effect of continuous variable was modelled using the P-spline with second-order random walk, the spatial effects followed Markov random field priors while the exchangeable normal priors were used for the random effect of the community. The binomial distribution was used to handle the dichotomous nature of the dependent variable.Results: North East (OR: 1.8404, CI: 1.6170, 2.0941), North West (OR: 1.1145, CI: 1.1454, 1.1789), primary education (OR: 1....

Unmet need for family planning: implication for under-five mortality in Nigeria.

There are gaps in evidence on whether unmet need for family planning has any implication for under-five mortality in Nigeria. This study utilized 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data to examine the effect of unmet need on under-five mortality. Cox regression analysis was performed on 28,647 children born by a nationally-representative sample of 18,028 women within the five years preceding the survey. Findings indicated elevated risks of under-five death for children whose mothers had unmet need for spacing [Hazard ratio (HR): 1.60, confidence interval (CI) 1.37-1.86, p<0.001] and children whose mothers had unmet need for limiting (HR: 1.78, CI 1.48-2.15, p<0.001) compared to children whose mothers had met need. These findings were consistent after adjusting for the effects of factors that could confound the association. Findings of this study underscore the need to address the present level of unmet need for family planning in Nigeria, if the country would achieve meaningful reduction in under-five mortality.

MODELLING GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATIONS AND DETERMINANTS OF USE OF MODERN FAMILY PLANNING METHODS AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN NIGERIA

Summary Understanding the level, trend, geographical variations and determinants of use of modern family planning (FP) plays a major role in designing effective interventions leading to increased usage. This study assessed these characteristics of FP use in Nigeria using data from the 2003, 2005 and 2007 National HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health Survey, a national population-based household survey. A Bayesian geo-additive procedure was used, which provides flexible modelling of non-linear and spatial effects at a highly disaggregated level of states. The findings reveal considerable geographical variation in the use of modern FP in Nigeria, with a distinct north-south divide. Furthermore, a significant trend in the use of modern FP was evident, with an increase between 2003 and 2005 followed by a decline between 2005 and 2007. The effect of respondent's age was non-linear, and use of modern FP was found to differ significantly between never-married and currently/formerly married respondents. Awareness of FP methods and knowledge of where to get/buy FP services/methods were found to be significantly associated with usage. The findings provide policymakers with tools to prioritize the use of scarce resources for implementing FP and reproductive health interventions.

Family planning in Nigeria and prospects for the future

Nigeria, with its current demographics and without intervention, is set to double its population of 150million people in 22years. The government's population and health policies recognize family planning as a key intervention. However, unacceptably high unmet need for contraception exists in the country, which may indicate a lack of commitment for family planning. The 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey report shows that knowledge of any contraceptive method is widespread in Nigeria. Despite this knowledge, contraceptive prevalence is 15%. Knowledge of and actual use of contraceptives vary between states in the country and are influenced by sociodemographic factors. For family planning to move forward in Nigeria a joint effort is needed, with the government taking a leadership role in promoting the use of family planning and ensuring that stakeholders take individual responsibilities seriously.

Attitudes and practices of private medical providers towards family planning and abortion services in Nigeria

The study was designed to investigate the attitudes and practices of private medical practitioners towards abortion, postabortion care and postabortion family planning in Nigeria. Three hundred and twenty-three private practitioners who were proprietors of private clinics in three states of the country were interviewed with a structured questionnaire that elicited information on their knowledge and experiences of abortion and postabortion care in the cities. Twenty-four percent of the doctors reported that they routinely terminate unwanted pregnancies when requested to do so by women, while 82% reported that they frequently treat women who experience complications of unsafe abortion. Over 45% reported that they use manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) for the management of abortion in the first trimester, while 25% use dilatation and curettage (D and C). Nearly 28% reported the use of MVA followed by D and C in the first trimester. Fifty-seven percent reported their lack of expertise in managing second-trimester abortions, while those admitting that they manage second-trimester abortions reported nonstandard methods and procedures. In addition, there was evidence of inadequate counseling of women, lack of institutional protocols and poor use of postabortion family planning by the doctors. These results suggest the need for a program of retraining of private practitioners on the principles and practices of safe abortion, postabortion care and family planning in Nigeria and the integration of these topics into medical training curricula in the country.

Contraceptive intentions of women seeking induced abortion in the city of Jos, Nigeria

This is a prospective study involving 120 women who requested abortion for an unplanned and unwanted pregnancy. We sought to determine their contraceptive intentions and use. The characteristics of these women revealed that the majority were young, single schoolgirls with 68.5% of them being nulliparous. Over 90% had had their first sexual experience before the age of 20 years. Although, 113 (94%) were aware of the availability of contraceptive services only 70 (62%) of these had ever used a method and the majority of the contraceptive methods selected were ineffective. Although 97 (80.8%) had a positive intention towards post-abortion family planning, only 18 (18.5%) eventually agreed and were offered a method after the termination of pregnancy. The study revealed a high risk group of unplanned and unwanted pregnancy in Jos but low contraceptive use despite the high positive intentions expressed by this cohort of patients. Effective post-abortion contraception counselling should be incoporated into family planning in Nigeria in order that clients who express positive intentions to the use of family planning actually use the method thereby reducing the incidence of repeated induced abortions and its social and medical consequences.