Assist Family Members Research Articles

Developing a College-Going Habitus: How First-Generation Latina/o/x Students Bi-directionally Exchange Familial Funds of Knowledge and Capital within Their Familias

ABSTRACT This qualitative study analyzes interviews with 17 first-generation Latina/o/x students. This study bridges funds of knowledge and social reproduction theory to examine the bi-directional exchange of familial funds of knowledge and capital relevant to higher education in Latina/o/x families. Students’ familial funds of knowledge assisted them as they accessed and persisted through higher education. Students bridged fields between their home communities and higher education when they shared capital and transformed it into funds of knowledge to assist family members in accessing college. In doing so, students encouraged the pursuit of higher education, contributing to the college-bound habitus of their familias. Implications for practice center on cultural shifts that must occur at the institutional level to develop policies and practices around developing relationships and partnerships early on with Latina/o/x communities.

Migration with Dignity: A Case Study on the Livelihood Transition of Micronesians to Portland and Salem, Oregon

The Pacific Islander population in the U.S. continues to grow, with the Portland-Salem, Oregon area serving as one of the largest communities, notably among those from the Micronesian region. Migrants emigrate for a variety of reasons including educational and employment opportunities, improved healthcare, and assisting family members. The purpose of this study is to better understand the transition of Micronesians – specifically Chuukese, Marshallese, and Palauans – to Oregon and to identify factors that help or hinder that transition. The study utilizes a Migration with Dignity framework, assessing reasons for emigration to the U.S., experienced quality of life, especially livelihoods, potential reasons for (not) returning to one’s home country, and barriers and facilitating factors for an improved quality of life in Oregon.

A Challenge for Home-Based Hospice Care: Good Death at Home

Taiwan is expected to become a "super-aged" nation in 2065. Modern medical advancements, while extending the average human lifespan, has led to higher incidence of patient suffering and greater medical expenses due to chronic disease and terminal illnesses. As the concept and services of hospice and palliative care have become increasingly accepted by the public, the issue of final care for a good death has become a priority concern for both patients and their families. Experiencing a good death at home is a common last wish for terminal patients. However, guidelines for good death at home are still unavailable in Taiwan. The promotion of this concept thus remains a challenge with many limitations. This article aims to explore: (1) the importance of hospice care; (2) the selection of a proper location for good death; (3) the requirements for nursing education in the care of dying patients; and (4) the challenges and strategies of a good death at home, including "the family dimension-connections with the family members" and "the education dimension-promotion of home-based dying in nursing education". The goal is to help terminal patients experience a good death at home, to assist family members embrace the good death of their loved ones, and, eventually, to facilitate peaceful and successful home-based dying for both the patient and their family members.

Migrant Gender and the Venture Funding Impact of Remittances to Developing Countries

There is substantial research on how women differ from men as new business (venture) founders, but little on how women may differ from men as venture funders. We respond with theory and evidence from an unconventional venture funding context: migrants’ remittances to developing countries. We propose that remitting migrant women are more likely venture funders consistent with a greater interest in assisting family members back home. Complementary empirical analyses of remittances to developing countries largely support our proposition. Cross-sectional data analyses of remitting tendencies among 718 migrants from 49 developing countries in 2011 suggest that migrant women are more likely to remit for investment purposes, particularly when family assistance motivates a specific remittance transaction. Panel data analyses of venture funding availability in 48 developing countries from 2001-2010 suggest that remittances from migrant communities with higher percentages of women increase venture funding more, particularly for migrant communities from developing countries with less wealth and less workplace gender inequality. In this unconventional context, women are more likely than men to step into (international) venture funding roles, particularly when socio-economic need and opportunity are greater.

Position and responsibilities of stroke emergency specialist nurses: a qualitative study

Objective To explore the position and responsibilities of stroke emergency specialist nurses. Methods The interviewing method in qualitative studies was adopted and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted on four doctors, four nurses, two technicians and six managers. Claizzi's seven-step phenomenological data analysis method was used to encode, assemble, categorize, analyze and refine the content theme. Results The position of stroke emergency specialist nurses is compound specialist and team coordinator. Its duties include accurate identification of stroke patients, early warning for CT room and rapid preparation before thrombolysis, assisting family members in clinical decision-making, ensuring seamless connection of all steps, handing over with rescue room and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) room and ward, ensuring adequate material supply, establishing and maintaining database and continuing patient return visit. Conclusions The post setting of stroke emergency specialist nurses laid a foundation for the rapid treatment of stroke patients. Their role was positioned as senior practical nurses, and their post setting faced a series of challenges. Promoting the mature experience of post setting of stroke emergency specialist nursess can train a group of stroke emergency specialist nursess and lead the development of specialized stroke nursing. Key words: Stroke; Emergency; Specialist nurses; Position and responsibility; Qualitative research

Reflection and the role of stroke emergency nurses in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke

With the continuous development of treatment for stroke, the role of has become more and more prominent. Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University proposed the concept of emergency nurses based on the practice and exploration, established the specialized position of stroke first aid nurse carrying the important duties including coordinating patients in fast diagnosis and treatment, assisting family members in clinical judgement, monitoring the process of treatment, guiding the stroke patients in the whole treatment process, and setting up clinical databases, etc. The position has accelerating, great organizing and coordinating effects in the stroke first aid process. This article describes in detail about the concept of emergency nurses and their duty responsibilities so as to provide a certain reference and guidance in the further quicker first aid treatment for stroke patients. Key words: Stroke; Nurses; First aid; Acute ischemic stroke; Effect

DISCUSSING PUBLIC POLICY AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

Public policies are built as citizens' needs are presented. The recent aging of the Brazilian population, due to the increase in life expectancy, led the Federal Government to take cognizance of the specific needs of this part of the population. The rights of the elderly were guaranteed in the Constitution of 1988. Among the public policies suggested at the hearing are the creation of units specialized in the care of dementias and community centers for patients. It was also highlighted the need for government actions to train caregivers for those with these diseases. The World Health Organization has already recommended that dementias be a priority in public health. According to experts, 1 case appears in the world every 3 seconds. With the aging of the population, this speed only tends to increase. In this sense, the financial cost due to the presence of 800,000 people living with dementia in the United Kingdom was over 23 billion euros in 2012, averaging 29,746 euros per person. This dementia population in the United Kingdom has 670,000 caregivers. It is a work of bibliographical revision. With this in mind, there is a need for physicians, managers, health professionals, gerontologists and politicians to focus on the provision and implementation of services that favor the planning of health care for persons with AD and who can maintain the functionality of these individuals for as long as possible, in an attempt to provide assessed assistance as being of excellence. Support for relatives of elderly people with AD is also effective in reducing adverse outcomes associated with the caregiver's health and, consequently, the costs of prolonged exposure to stress and emotional overload. According to Zarit, psychoeducational and therapeutic programs are effective to assist family members and caregivers of the elderly with AD, aiming to provide emotional support, exchange information, build knowledge, share dilemmas and learn ways to handle internal and external stressors related to care.

EXAMINING BARRIERS TO SUCCESS AND SOURCES OF ASSISTANCE FOR U.S. HISPANIC FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS

This study examined the barriers to success and sources of assistance available for U.S. Hispanic female entrepreneurs. The goal of this research was to identify the problems, determine the source of solutions and then provide advice for the success of Hispanic female entrepreneurs. Our findings indicate that major barriers to success included a lack of capital and lack of marketing knowledge. In addition, our findings suggest that Hispanic female entrepreneurs turned to family members for assistance, rather than other sources of assistance. We advise that a break from this traditional behavior in seeking assistance is warranted. We provide suggestions for practitioners, researchers, and advisors in the form of three propositions.

Qualitative study on psychological experience in family members of middle-aged and young patients in emergency intensive care unit

Objective To explore the psychological experience and feelings of family members of middle-aged and young patients in emergency intensive care unit (EICU) . Methods The family members of EICU patients from a hospital were selected by purposive sampling between August and September 2018. The 8 family members of middle-aged and young EICU patients received in-depth semi-structural interview using qualitative methods. Colaizzi method was used for analysis of the data. Results The psychological experience of the 8 family members of middle-aged and young EICU patients could boil down to 5 themes: negative emotions such as anxiety, fear, worry and self-accusation; positive emotions such as hope and facing the reality; heavy economic burden on family; change of social roles; and desire for social support. Conclusions Medical workers should pay attention to the psychological experience of family members, and provide them with psychological and informational support; meanwhile, they should utilise the social support system, and assist family members to get help from hospital, society and community so that family members' psychological burden can be alleviated, thus enabling the recovery and return to society in the middle-aged and young patients. Key words: Intensive care unit; Emergency service, hospital; Middle-aged and young; Psychological experience; Qualitative study

Going Online: The Affordances of Online Counseling for Families Affected by Alcohol and Other Drug Issues.

Online counseling can overcome barriers families face when accessing support services for issues such as a relative's alcohol or other drug use. However, little research has explored how online counseling platforms assist family members to improve their well-being and support their relative. We thematically analyzed 90 transcripts of online counseling sessions with family and friends of people who use alcohol, opioids, and amphetamines in Australia between 2015 and 2016. In our analysis, we drew on the concept of affordances to articulate how online platforms afford or constrain potentially therapeutic encounters with families. We found online counseling enabled families to make first contact, relieve distress, plan appropriate action, improve communication, regain direction, and connect with local services. Sessions were constrained by Internet access, web-chat communication, counselors' focus on referral, and limitations in addressing the wider concerns of families. The findings present opportunities for improving online services for families.

Processes to assist family members of elderly patients with diabetes insulin therapy

Processes to assist family members of elderly patients with diabetes insulin therapy

Cancer patients’ family members’ experiences of the information and support provided by healthcare professionals

Objectives: This qualitative study aimed to understand the experiences, information and support needs of family members of cancer patients and their satisfaction with the services provided to them as a family member. Design: Inductive qualitative and critical realist approach to data collection and analysis. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to identify family members of cancer patients. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 participants by means of email, enabling us to explore sensitive topics at a pace appropriate for each participant and gain rich sources of information. We analysed the data using an inductive thematic approach. Results: Three superordinate themes were identified: information acquisition, seeking support and family members’ experiences of cancer. Needs were high, and a complex relationship between information and support was apparent. Many participants felt dissatisfied with the support and information received as it was sometimes inconsistent, incorrect or vague, and some reported deterioration in their own health as a consequence. Online communities were reported as being informative and supportive as the participants felt they could relate to the firsthand experience of the other members. Conclusion: Improving healthcare professionals’ awareness of the type of information and support the family members need is vital for both family members and patients. There is a need for the development of educational and psychological interventions to assist family members in coping when a loved one is diagnosed with cancer, is undergoing or recovering from treatment, or is receiving palliative care.

SHIFTING PARADIGMS: THE MANY FACES OF FAMILY CAREGIVERS

There are approximately 40 million family caregivers in the United States that support an adult family member or friend. Family caregivers are “first responders” in the delivery of long-term services and supports (LTSS). They assist family members or friends with personal care, complex medical and nursing tasks and other vital activities to help them remain in their homes and communities. While the “average” family caregiver is a 49 year old white woman caring for her 69 year old white mother, caregivers on the whole are becoming as diverse as the American population. Research shows that 40 percent of caregivers are men, 24 percent are Millennials, and the caregiving population as a whole reflects multicultural identities. New research has deepened our understanding of the caregiving population and should inform how policy and programs designed to support family caregivers are crafted. This symposium, hosted by the AARP Public Policy Institute, will feature research addressing key populations of family caregivers, including men, Millennials and those that perform medical/nursing tasks. Presenters will also discuss how research can include policy, program design and resource development and offer real-life examples of each.

Mediating effect of spiritual coping strategies and family stigma stress on caregiving burden and mental health in caregivers of persons with dementia.

Background A considerable number of the persons living with dementia rely on family members for care and assistance when performing activities of daily living. As a result, caregivers may be at increased risk for mental health problems such as depression, anxiety and caregiver burden. This study examined if and how spiritual coping and stigma-related family stress impacted the associations between the patient activities of daily living impairment and caregiver mental health. Methods Using a longitudinal design, 664 caregivers were assessed at baseline for spiritual coping strategies and family stigma stress, along with patients' instrumental activities of daily living and cognitive functioning. After 12 months, caregivers were assessed for depressive and anxiety symptoms, caregiver burden, and quality of life (physical and mental). Sequential mediation of spiritual coping strategies and stigma-related family stress on the relationship between patient instrumental activities of daily living and caregiver mental health outcomes was examined using the PROCESS macro statistical method. Results Participants had been caring for someone with dementia for an average of 46.4 (SD, 16.9) months and 63% of caregivers were female. There were significant indirect associations between patient instrumental activities of daily living and caregiver anxiety, depression, caregiving burden, and the mental health component of quality of life. Spiritual coping and stigma-related stress mediated these associations (-0.54<b<-0.02). Overall, 26%, 41%, 49%, and 59% of the variances of caregiving burden, anxiety, depression, and mental functioning, respectively, were explained using the sequential mediation models. Conclusions Spiritual coping and stigma-related stress appear to mediate the relationship between the patient instrumental activities of daily living impairment and caregiver psychological health. These factors should be considered when addressing mental health problems experienced by caregivers.

Gathering tips from carers to support people with dementia: an adaptation of the TOP 5 program for community use.

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia are often managed inappropriately with antipsychotic medicines. The TOP 5 program, which involves recording up to five relevant and meaningful tips that assist in personalizing care for the person with dementia, has been tested in the hospital setting and transitions of care in Australia, and has been found to be useful. Our study aimed to adapt the TOP 5 program as a strategy to support people with dementia in a primary care setting and to test the acceptability of our adapted TOP 5 program materials. The adapted TOP 5 program materials were delivered as part of a larger intervention by the Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affair's Veterans' Medicines Advice & Therapeutic Education Services program to reduce inappropriate antipsychotic use in veterans with dementia. This study focuses on the acceptability of our adapted TOP 5 program materials for ascertaining carer or family members' advice about what actions might help to calm their relative when she or he is agitated. Educational materials relating to the resources for implementing the adapted TOP 5 program together with the one-page survey response to evaluate acceptability of our adapted TOP 5 program materials were mailed to 4827 general practitioners (GPs), 8381 accredited pharmacists, and 2510 Residential Aged Care Facilities. We received survey response forms from 350 (7%) GPs, 366 (4%) pharmacists, and 196 (8%) residential aged care facilities. Although the response rate was low, 90% of respondents in all groups indicated they were very likely or moderately likely to assist family members and carers of patients with dementia to identify their top tips to personalize care. GPs who found the information useful more frequently indicated that they were likely to assist family members and carers in identifying their top tips. Approximately one-third of respondents reported they had received positive feedback from families regarding the helpfulness of sharing their practical tips for care of their loved one. Pharmacists indicated having the tips would assist them when undertaking medicines reviews. Our findings suggest that the TOP 5 program, or an adaptation of the TOP 5 program, such as ours, has potential to improve the health and care of people with dementia and their carers by using patient centerd nonpharmacological approaches and avoiding the unnecessary use of antipsychotics for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Longer-term follow-up would help to establish whether the apparent benefits persist.

The development of a narrative describing the bereavement of families of potential organ donors: A systematic review.

Families of potential post-mortem organ donors face various challenges in the unfamiliar hospital context and after returning home. This review of sources published between 1968 and 2017 seeks to understand their journey as a bereavement experience with a number of unique features. Grief theory was used to identify ways that staff can assist family members to tolerate ambiguities and vulnerabilities while contributing to an environment characterised by compassion and social inclusion. Staff can guide families and create opportunities for meaningful participation, building resilience and developing bereavement-related skills that could assist them in the months that follow.

Clinical Pearls

Clinical Pearls| March 01 2016 Clinical Pearls Rhonda Board, RN, PhD, CCRN Rhonda Board, RN, PhD, CCRN Section Editor Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Am J Crit Care (2016) 25 (2): 107. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2016347 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Rhonda Board; Clinical Pearls. Am J Crit Care 1 March 2016; 25 (2): 107. doi: https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2016347 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAmerican Journal of Critical Care Search Advanced Search Family members of critically ill adult patients can experience major psychological and physiological stress. Despite family research over the past 2 decades that indicates patient information and geographic proximity are highly ranked needs, many intensive care units (ICU) still have moderately restrictive visitation policies. Jacob and colleagues surveyed 45 family members who had a family member hospitalized in a neuroscience ICU that provides continuous family visitation (24 hours/day), family suites adjacent to patient rooms, and a family coordinator to assist family members. The researchers found the most important needs were related to the following: Receiving information about the patientVisiting the patientBeing given hopeTalking to a physician dailyBeing assured that the patient was receiving the best care. The ranking of needs did not differ from research in ICUs with limited visitation, but what did differ is that family members stated... ©2016 American Association of Critical-Care Nurses2016 You do not currently have access to this content.

The effect of a culturally informed therapy on self-conscious emotions and burden in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: A randomized clinical trial.

Caring for a family member with schizophrenia often results in high degrees of self-conscious emotions (shame and guilt/self-blame), burden, and other serious mental health consequences. Research suggests that ethnic and cultural factors strongly influence the manner in which family members respond to mental illness. Research further indicates that certain cultural practices and values (spirituality, collectivism) may assist family members in coping with the self-conscious emotions and burden associated with caregiving. With this in mind, the authors have developed a family-focused, culturally informed treatment for schizophrenia (CIT-S). Using a sample of 113 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia (60% Hispanic, 28.2% Caucasian, 8% African American, and 3.8% other), the authors assessed the ability of CIT-S to reduce self-conscious emotions and caregiver burden above and beyond a 3-session psychoeducation (PSY-ED) control condition. They further examined whether self-conscious emotions mediated the relationship between treatment type and caregiver burden. In line with expectations, CIT-S was found to outperform PSY-ED in reducing guilt/self-blame and caregiver burden. Furthermore, consistent with hypotheses, reductions in guilt/self-blame were found to mediate the changes observed between treatment type and caregiver burden. Although caregivers in both treatment groups demonstrated significant posttreatment reductions in shame, CIT-S was not found to outperform PSY-ED in reducing levels of this construct. Results suggest that caregivers of patients with schizophrenia may respond well to a treatment that specifically taps in to their cultural beliefs, values, and behaviors in helping them cope with schizophrenia in a loved one. Study implications and future directions are discussed.

What constitutes quality of family experience at the end of life? Perspectives from family members of patients who died in the hospital.

Most palliative care efforts focus on assessing and improving the quality of life and quality of care for patients. Palliative care views the family as the unit of care; therefore, excellent comprehensive palliative care should also address the needs of the family and the caregiver(s). While the recent literature has offered detailed descriptions of caregiving needs in the home setting, it is crucial to describe the needs of family members who provide care for patients with advanced illness in an inpatient setting, where family members serve as the key intermediaries and decision makers. Therefore, we sought to define the relevant aspects of quality of experience for families of hospitalized patients. We convened a series of focus groups to identify the domains important for the quality of experience of dying patients' family members. Participants included bereaved family members of patients who had died at a Veterans Administration (VA) or private academic medical center. We conducted four in-depth follow-up interviews to probe for additional details and validate our interpretation of the focus group findings. Participants (n = 14) ranged in age from 46 to 83, with a mean of 62. All were female; 64% were Caucasian, 21% African American, and 14% did not report their ethnicity. Content analysis yielded 64 attributes of quality of family experience constituting eight domains: completion, symptom impact, decision making, preparation, relationship with healthcare providers, affirmation of the whole person, post-death care, and supportive services. Our data have implications for clinical guidance in assisting family members in the inpatient palliative setting, which often includes patient incapacity for communication and decision making. They suggest the importance of developing corresponding methods to assist families with the tasks involved with life completion, being prepared for a crisis and imminent death, and post-death care. Provider communications and relationships are central to the processes of meeting the clinical needs of family members. Our findings should inform the development of measures to assess family experience.

Determinants of Seeking Financial Advice Among Older Adults

Using the Asset and Health Dynamics among the Oldest Old (AHEAD), this study presents the first longitudinal results analyzing factors among older adults associated with beginning and discontinuing the use of a financial advisor. Getting a financial advisor was positively associated with becoming a widow(er), asking family members for assistance with financial decisions, and initially seeing a doctor for help with emotional problems. Among single and widowed respondents, experiencing significant cognitive decline increases the likelihood of getting a financial advisor. Increases in income and net worth were also positively related getting a financial advisor. Dropping a financial advisor was negatively associated with becoming a new widow(er), getting married, and experiencing an increase in net worth. No longer involving family members in financial decisions was strongly related to dropping a financial advisor. Implications for practice are discussed.