Family Stability Research Articles

On Hurwitz stability for families of polynomials

AbstractThe robustness of a linear system in the view of parametric variations requires a stability analysis of a family of polynomials. If the parameters vary in a compact set , then obtaining necessary and sufficient conditions to determine stability of the family is one of the most important tasks in the field of robust control. Three interesting classes of families arise when is a diamond, a box or a ball of dimension . These families will be denoted by , , and , respectively. In this article, a study is presented to contribute to the understanding of Hurwitz stability of families of polynomials . As a result of this study and the use of classical results found in the literature, it is shown the existence of an extremal polynomial whose stability determines the stability of the entire family . In this case comes from minimizing determinants and in some cases coincides with a Kharitonov's polynomial. Thus another extremal property of Kharitonov's polynomials has been found. To illustrate our approach, it is applied to families such as , , and with . The study is also used to obtain the maximum robustness of the parameters of a polynomial. To exemplify the proposed results, first, a family is taken from the literature to compare and corroborate the effectiveness and the advantage of our perspective. Followed by two examples where the maximum robustness of the parameters of polynomials of degree 3 and 4 are obtained. Lastly, a family is proposed whose extreme polynomial is not necessarily a Kharitonov's polynomial. Finally, a family is used to exemplify that if the boundary of is given by a polynomial equation in several variables, the number of candidates to be an extremal polynomial is finite.

Study of Sudden Natural Death: An Autopsy Based Cross Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Medical College and Hospital of Assam

Sudden natural death accounts for significant portion of mortality. Autopsy is the only solution for finding the definite cause of sudden deaths. The aim of this study is to find out the causes of sudden natural death and to evaluate associated factors. Study comprise 64 cases of Sudden Death autopsies performed in Silchar Medical College during the period 1st May 2022 to 30th November 2022. The organs were retained for histopathological examination. Information gathered from available documents in departmental records. Inferences made after analyzing data. Out of 514 autopsies during the study period, 64 cases were sudden natural death. Male dominated over female victims. The maximum death occurred in the age group 40-50 years followed by 30-40 years. The cause of deaths in 39% were attributed to cardiac causes and the remaining were due to non-cardiac causes. Sudden unexpected death requires significant health concern as most death occurs in the age ranging from 30 to 50 years. Cardiac causes contribute the maximum and male population are mostly affected. This kind of death of adulthood affects the financial stability of whole family as well as the Society.

A Sibling’s Sense of Self

It is commonly viewed that siblings of those with disabilities are positioned as caregivers and tasked to support their sibling with a disability. Family members of those with disabilities are particularly viewed as impacted heavily by the burden of care placed on them. However, truth be told, there are many influential and positive attributes that are acquired by one’s upbringing and living with a family member who has a disability. Typically overlooked by researchers in the field, there are dismissed perceptions of family members that should be accounted for. Further, individuals who have grown up alongside of members of their family with a disability have unique perceptions that influence their self-perceptions and ways of living. This study found that an individual with a sibling with a disability has experienced in childhood up to current time circumstantial practices relative to their family position which influence the way they currently carry and perceive themselves. Further indicated in this study is the importance of family relationships, dynamics and stability in support of the care to the sibling with a disability. Particular qualities and characteristics are highlighted in this study to showcase the intricate yet complex lives of individuals with siblings who have disabilities. Proven is the need for augmented initiatives and enhanced supports to address gaps and needs among individual family members who are related to someone with a disability. The objective of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of how individuals perceive themselves based on their experiences growing up with a family member who identifies as having a disability. The aim was to investigate the perceived experiences of these individuals and their reflections on their personal identities and sense of perception. A total of 10 individuals over the age of 18 who have siblings with disabilities from across Ontario, Canada completed virtual or in-person interviews. To reflect participants' upbringing, current experiences, and anticipated future roles within their families, themes naturally surfaced and were identified as means to represent consistent data responses. In general, the findings revealed a range of experiences that impact their sense of self and family responsibilities. Many unique and positive perceptions of self were conveyed by participants in reference to their lived experiences. This study fills gaps in disability studies by highlighting the positive outcomes of sibling relationships and the unique lived experiences of individuals who have siblings with disabilities. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing an individuals’ experiences and stories relative to having a sibling with a disability.

Cultivation Approaches of Personality Development in Preschool Children through Family Education

The personality development of preschool children constitutes a crucial task in the realm of family education. Simultaneously, family education plays an indispensable role in shaping the personality of preschool children. This paper delves into an in-depth exploration of methodologies to effectively facilitate the personality development of preschool children. It focuses on providing a stable family environment, establishing positive parent-child relationships, nurturing proactive emotional expression abilities, fostering the development of social skills, cultivating self-control capabilities, and encouraging autonomy and creativity in preschool children. Through these approaches, family education can effectively stimulate the personality development of preschool children, thereby laying a solid foundation for their future growth.

Duration and timing of depression and risk of family dissolution: A register-based cohort study of newly-formed Danish families

BackgroundDepression is detrimental to partnership stability. However, it remains unclear if and how the duration and timing of depression affect the risk of family dissolution. MethodsWe conducted a Danish register-based cohort study of newly-formed cohabiting and married couples in 2008 and 2009, who were followed from the second year after family formation. Depressive episodes were defined by individual-level prescription patterns of antidepressant drugs (ATC codes N06A) in either partner. Family dissolution was characterized by the discontinuation of a shared residential address. Using Longitudinal Targeted Minimum Loss-based Estimation, we estimated the risk of family dissolution after 5 years of follow-up under various lengths and timings of depressive episodes. ResultsThere were 102,335 families included. The covariate-adjusted risk of family dissolution in families without depressive episodes was 30.0 % (95 % CI 29.6–30.4 %) and 35.5 % (95 % CI 29.5–41.5 %) in families with at least one depressive episode during follow-up. The risk of family dissolution increased with the duration of depressive episodes to 42.2 % (95 % CI 40.8–43.6 %) for five coherent years of depression. Depression shortly after family formation carried higher risk of family dissolution; this risk was 42.3 % (95 % CI 38.4–46.3 %) for depression experienced in the first year of family formation versus 32.9 % (95 % CI 31.8–34.0 %) in the fifth year of family formation. LimitationsProxy measures of depression by antidepressant prescriptions fails to identify milder depression. Annual measures of family dissolution precluded more fine-grained analyses of time-intervals. ConclusionsDepression is disruptive to family stability, particularly with longer duration and early onset after family formation.

Diferencias regionales de la disolución conyugal por divorcio y separación en el norte de México

This is a descriptive socio-demographic study of the marital dissolution by divorce and separation in the northern border region of Mexico. The objective is to provide a general view of the level of this type of dissolutions in the region and some of its differences among the federal entities that form it. For this purpose, we use information from the National Survey of the Demographic Dynamics 2018 (ENADID) and secondary sources of information. The analysis is based on the indicators about the dissolution of the first conjugal union of ever-married women that were calculated through the life table technique and logistic regression models. The results evidence that the northern region has one of the highest levels of marital dissolution in the country, but with interesting differences between the states located in the northwest and the northeast generating a dual pattern in the region. divorce, marital dissolution, family instability, northern border, Mexico

Impact of Family Dynamics in Juvenile Delinquency: A Case Study of Observation Homes in National Capital Region

This study investigates the demographic, familial, and socio-economic characteristics of delinquent juveniles aged 9-18 in selected observation homes across Delhi's National Capital Region (NCR). A total of 443 juveniles were surveyed through structured interviews and official records, with data collected on factors including gender, family background, education, and criminal history. A significant proportion (77.43%) came from nuclear families. Educational levels were generally low, particularly among parents, and 51.47% of juveniles were enrolled in school at the time of the delinquency. Criminal offenses were predominantly serious, with 41.76% apprehended for murder and 24.15% for rape. Factors such as family instability, low parental supervision, poor socio-economic conditions, and migration were linked to increased delinquent behavior. This research highlights the multifaceted causes of juvenile delinquency, emphasizing the role of familial and socio-economic vulnerabilities in shaping criminal behavior.

Military-connected high school graduates' lived experiences with K-12 civilian schools

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study is to describe the K-12 lived experiences of Military-Connected (M-C) graduates of public schools, considering that most military children attend civilian schools in a large school district located in the southeastern region of the United States. The theory guiding this study is Hamilton McCubbin's family stress theory, as it explores how family members handle situational stressors regarding the ability to thrive and prove resilient or disintegrate to a degree that threatens the family's stability. Interviews, letters of advice, and focus groups were used to collect data. Data was analyzed to generate codes and themes. Member checks, prolonged engagement, rich, thick descriptions, and peer review were used to address any concerns regarding trustworthiness. The central research question investigated how military-connected high school graduates describe their K–12 lived experiences in public schools. The research sub-questions investigated how military-connected high school graduates describe their academic, social, and extracurricular experiences in K-12 civilian schools. The results of this study provide educational stakeholders at federal, state, and local levels with information that will help enhance the teaching and learning of M-C students who attend civilian schools.

Enter Paper Title]Family Stability across European Countries, in the Context of Political and Social Challenges and Opportunities

enter Paper Title]Family Stability across European Countries, in the Context of Political and Social Challenges and Opportunities

PERCEPTIONS OF FAMILY LIFE AS SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS

This article describes the socio-psychological nature of perceptions of family life and its psychological interpretation as the main part of social perceptions of an individual. Also, issues related to the impact of perceptions of family life on family stability were analyzed.

Impact of Immigration Laws on Family Reunification: Narratives from Affected Families

The increasing complexity of immigration laws globally has profound effects on family reunification processes, often resulting in significant emotional, legal, economic, and social challenges for immigrants. This study aims to explore the impact of these laws on family reunification, specifically examining the personal narratives and experiences of affected families. The objective is to understand the multi-dimensional consequences of immigration policies on family dynamics and well-being. This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with 22 participants who have directly experienced the family reunification process under current immigration laws. Participants were selected through snowball sampling and outreach via immigrant advocacy groups, ensuring a diverse representation in terms of age, gender, and origin. Data collection aimed for theoretical saturation and was analyzed using NVivo software to identify themes related to the impacts of immigration laws on family reunification. Four main themes were identified: Emotional Impact, Legal and Administrative Barriers, Economic Consequences, and Social and Cultural Integration. Emotional impacts included stress, anxiety, loss, resilience, and effects on children. Legal and administrative barriers highlighted the complexity of legal processes, issues with accessibility of resources, and the implications of frequent policy changes. Economic consequences focused on financial strain, employment challenges, and housing instability. Social and cultural integration covered challenges related to cultural adaptation, community support, discrimination, stigma, and family dynamics. The study reveals that immigration laws intricately affect the emotional and psychological health, economic stability, and social integration of immigrant families. The findings underscore the need for policies that consider the profound human impacts of immigration laws, advocating for reforms that facilitate smoother and more humane family reunification processes.

Carrier doping modulates the magnetoelectronic and magnetic anisotropic properties of two-dimensional MSi2N4 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) monolayers.

Through extensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations, our investigation delves into the stability, electrical characteristics, and magnetic behavior of monolayers (MLs) of MSi2N4. Computational analyses indicate intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AFM) orders within the MSi2N4 MLs, as a result of direct exchange interactions among transition metal (M) atoms. We further find that CrSi2N4 and CoSi2N4 MLs with primitive cells (pcells) exhibit half-metallic properties, with respective spin-β electron gaps of 3.661 and 2.021 eV. In contrast, MnSi2N4 and FeSi2N4 MLs with pcells act as semiconductors, having energy gaps of 0.427 and 0.282 eV, respectively. When the SOC is considered, the CrSi2N4, MnSi2N4 and FeSi2N4 MLs are metals, while the CoSi2N4 ML is a semiconductor. Our findings imply the dynamics and thermodynamic stability of MSi2N4 MLs. We have also explored the influence of carrier doping on the electromagnetic attributes of MSi2N4 MLs. Interestingly, charge doping could transform CrSi2N4, MnSi2N4, and CoSi2N4 MLs from their original AFM state into a ferromagnetic (FM) order. Moreover, carrier doping transformed CrSi2N4 and CoSi2N4 MLs from spin-polarized metals to half-metals (HMs). It is of particular note that doping of CrSi2N4 MLs with +0.9 e per pcell or more holes caused a switch in the easy axis (EA) to the [001] axis. The demonstrated intrinsic AFM order, excellent thermodynamic and kinetic stability, adjustable magnetism, and half-metallicity of the MSi2N4 family suggest its promising potential for applications in the realm of spintronics.

Омниколесная реализация задачи Суслова с реономной связью: динамическая модель и управление

The classical Suslov problem of the motion of a rigid body with a fixed point is well known and has been studied in detail. In this paper, an omniwheel implementation of the Suslov problem is proposed. The controlled motion of a rigid body with a fixed point in the presence of scleronomic nonholonomic constraints and rheonomic artificial kinematic constraint is considered. The rigid body rotates around a fixed point, rolls around a spherical shell from the inside and contacts it by means of omniwheels with a differential actuator. We believe that the omniwheels are in contact with the spherical shell only at one point. In order to subordinate the motion of the rigid body to an artificial rheonomic constraint, a differential actuator creates control torques on omniwheels. Based on the d’Alembert–Lagrange principle, equations of motion of the mechanical system with indeterminate multipliers specifying constraint reactions are constructed. The problem is reduced to the study of a non-autonomous two-dimensional dynamical system. Using the generalized Poincar.e transformation, the study of a two-dimensional dynamical system is reduced to the study of the stability of a one-parameter family of fixed points for a system of differential equations with a degenerate linear part. We determine numerical parameters for which phase trajectories of the system are bounded and for which phase trajectories of the system are unbounded. The results of the study are illustrated graphically. Based on numerical integration, maps for the period (Poincar.e sections) and a map of dynamic regimes are constructed to confirm the Feigenbaum scenario of transition to chaotic dynamics.

Household Income and Offspring Education Explain Blacks' Diminished Returns of Parental Education.

High parental education promotes various aspects of offspring well-being including reducing their risk of depression/anxiety, criminal justice involvement, and welfare reliance. However, according to minorities' diminished returns, these benefits are not equal across racial groups, with Black families experiencing diminished returns of parental education compared to White families. This study explores the role of household income and offspring educational attainment as potential serial pathways that operate as mechanisms underlying diminished returns of parental education on offspring outcomes in Black families. Gender differences in these effects were also explored. Utilizing data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) over a 22-year follow-up period (seven waves), we examined the serial mediation by household income and offspring educational attainment in explaining the relationship between parental education and offspring outcomes namely depression, anxiety, criminal justice involvement, and welfare reliance [Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)]. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) with household income as the first mediator and young adult education as the second mediator. Multi-group models were used to explore gender differences in these paths. The study confirmed the role of our proposed serial mediators for Blacks' weaker effects of parental education on offspring outcomes. We observed weaker effects of first affects household income, with this effect being for Black families compared to White families, which then impacted educational attainment of the offspring. The findings indicate that household income plays a crucial mediating role, but its effect is weaker in Black families. Additionally, the educational attainment of offspring from highly educated Black parents is less effective in improving outcomes compared to their White peers, further contributing to diminished returns. Some gender differences were observed for the effects of educational attainment on economic and health outcomes of young adults. The study underscores the need to reconsider traditional assumptions about the comparability of family conditions and outcomes across racial groups with similar levels of parental education. The findings highlight the importance of targeted policies and interventions aimed at enhancing the economic stability and educational outcomes of Black families to address these disparities. Policies should focus on promoting the economic well-being of highly educated Black parents and improving the educational outcomes of their children.

Social risks and population resilience: Sociological assessment

The article analyses the resilience of the population based on the results of a Selective observation of the health status of the Russian population in 2023. Based on the methodology of socio-economics and human social biology, we proposed to assess the resilience of the population through the experience of its health. The authors have identified socio-demographic groups of the population demonstrating different strength of resilience, as well as identified social risks contributing to its change. It is concluded that the most resilient are the younger, educated, who do not have financial difficulties and have a stable family status. Occupational (field of employment) and communication (social isolation) risks, as well as material (threat of poverty) and physiological (bad household habits) risks, have a significant impact on the resilience of the population, while reproductive risk and the risk of destructive behaviour are less significant. The results obtained can be used both at the individual level to form some effective behavioural strategies, and at the macro-levels in to create a social policy.

Эволюция технологий, правовых и моральных норм: последствия распространения молекулярно-генетических тестов на отцовство

Introduction: human use of new technologies leads and will lead to changes in the content of legal and moral norms. Today, despite the possibility of molecular genetic research, there remains legal presumption of paternity of the spouse, which indicates the expressed trust in the woman and the institution of family on the part of the state. Purpose: using interdisciplinary knowledge from the fields of anthropology, cognitive science, reproductive psychology, biology, genetics, to determine the factors and directions of the evolution of law and morality if the subjective right of a man to free genomic research at the birth of a child in a marriage becomes reflected in the law. Methods: inductive and deductive methods, analogy, legal dogmatics, phenomenological method, comparative law method, general scientific method of dialectics, forecasting, modeling. Results: abuse of a spouse’s trust in a marriage is at risk of being discovered, which is due to the increasing use of modern technologies. By postponing the discussion on the introduction into law of a man’s subjective right to free molecular genetic research at the birth of a child, society and the state are showing dubious humanism in relation to the child, his social and biological parents. Disclosure of the deception in the future may be associated with the inability for men who have not produced their genetic offspring to have children, and with psychological trauma for family members between whom attachment has formed. The possible results of the widespread use of molecular genetic testing technology to confirm paternity must be analyzed in conjunction with the consequences of the spread of contraception and artificial insemination. Conclusions: increased family stability may be a consequence of increasing trust in the chosen partner and the formation of the idea that adultery is unacceptable. The long-term consequences of the widespread use of genome research technologies will become visible as generations change and can lead to a complete denial of the need for strict rules of law and morality in this area, since the function of controlling sexual behavior will be delegated by society to machines. However, the significant role of social norms in this area may continue: the use of educational opportunities by society will ultimately prove decisive in the evolution of man, morality, and law.

The impact of austerity on children: Uncovering effect heterogeneity by political, economic, and family factors in low- and middle-income countries

Which children are most vulnerable when their government imposes austerity? Research tends to focus on either the political-economic level or the family level. Using a sample of nearly two million children in 67 countries, this study synthesizes theories from family sociology and political science to examine the heterogeneous effects on child poverty of economic shocks following the implementation of an International Monetary Fund (IMF) program. To discover effect heterogeneity, we apply machine learning to policy evaluation. We find that children's average probability of falling into poverty increases by 14 percentage points. We find substantial effect heterogeneity, with family wealth and governments' education spending as the two most important moderators. In contrast to studies that emphasize the vulnerability of low-income families, we find that middle-class children face an equally high risk of poverty. Our results show that synthesizing family and political factors yield deeper knowledge of how economic shocks affect children.

Personal communication as a phenomenon in Algerian society: an ethnographic study on a sample of families in the state of M'Sila

This study was conducted in the province of M’Sila, Algeria, to understand the patterns of personal communication the patterns refer to the exchange of information, ideas, opinions, or emotions between two or more individuals in a direct and personal manner, typically through verbal or nonverbal means such as face-to-face conversations, phone calls, video chats, or written messages. It can occur between friends, family members, within families and its importance in strengthening family relationships. The researchers used Ethnographic methodology as a technique to reach the participants observation and interview tools to analyze the patterns of personal communication within families. The study showed that personal communication within families is continuous and characterized by affection, love, and respect, and there are differences in personal communication patterns between older and younger generations. The study also indicated that personal communication plays an important role in building family relationships, enhancing communication, and empathy among family members. The results of this study can be used to design training and educational programs to promote personal communication within families and enhance family relationships, thus promoting family health and stability. How to reference using ASWNet style: Takiedddine Y & Taqiyeddine B. (2023). Personal communication as a phenomenon in Algerian society: an ethnographic study on a sample of families in the state of M'Sila. African Journal of Social Work, 13(6), 294-302. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i6.3 Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork.net

Social determinants of low uptake of childhood vaccination in high-risk squatter settlements in Karachi, Pakistan – A step towards addressing vaccine inequity in urban slums

BackgroundRoutine vaccination has remained historically low in major urban pockets of Pakistan, and now lags behind rural vaccination rates. Grossly insufficient publicly funded primary healthcare infrastructure, heterogeneous mix of providers and multi-ethnicity of populations pose challenges in the delivery of essential health services. This paper ascertains factors associated with uptake of routine childhood vaccination, using Pentavalent-3 vaccine, as a proxy indicator for completion of age-appropriate vaccines in urban slums of Karachi, at high risk of Polio and vaccine preventable disease outbreaks. MethodsData was drawn from baseline assessment of an urban immunization delivery pilot project in urban slums of Karachi, Pakistan. The study sample comprised of 2,097 households with children aged 4–12 months, sampled through a cross-sectional cluster survey, applying a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between Penta-3 vaccination, as the outcome variable, and predictor variables including socio-demographic characteristics and healthcare access factors. ResultsThe findings showed that the likelihood of being immunized with Penta-3 was higher for non-Pashtun ethnicity [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.69; 95% CI 1.33–2.14], children of educated mothers, secondary or higher [aOR 2.95, 95% CI 2.34–3.71], and those whose fathers were formally employed (aOR 1.53; 95% CI 1.19–1.97). No association was seen by gender of child [aOR 0.89; 95% CI 0.73–1.08], and place of new born delivery [aOR 1.01; 95% CI 0.83–1.24]. ConclusionPockets of critically low under-vaccinations within the urban slums of Karachi are associated with Pashtun ethnicity, distance to the vaccination centre, lack of mothers’ education and lack of stable family income as in the case of unemployed and daily wage-earning fathers. Recognition of these factors is required in designing contextually appropriate strategies to address vaccine inequity in urban settings.

Crisis of Parental Conflict: Impact on Children and Families

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: This article explores the impact of parental conflict crises on children and families, focusing on the traumatic situations caused by recurrent disagreements. These crises generate unease, worry, and perplexity, compromising emotional regulation and social abilities. They can lead to behavioural problems and academic underachievement, as they compromise emotional regulation and social abilities. The article aims to understand the complexities of these situations and their potential consequences for children and families.
 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHOD: The study investigates the impact of parental conflict on children’s emotional, psychological, and relational well-being. It employs a detailed assessment of reference material, self-reporting, and direct observation methodologies to understand the negative effects on children’s performance.
 THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: After discussing the impact of domestic conflicts on children’s self-esteem, the presentation moved on to cognitive and emotional dysregulation, the relationship between resilience, risk, and crisis, the need to develop persistence and the influence of cultural values in the development of such perseverance, gender concerns, and early intervention.
 RESEARCH RESULTS: Conflicting parents have a substantial impact on a child’s subjective well-being. Prolonged stress can lead to sleep disorders, reduced immune systems, and chronic health problems. Prolonged disagreements can impact relationships, boundaries, and emotional control well into adulthood.
 CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: Parental disagreements require interventions at various levels, including counseling, therapy, mediation services, and a holistic approach. Counseling and therapy help children process feelings and strengthen coping skills, while mediation guides parents through separation or divorce processes, prioritizing their children’s best interests and maintaining stable family dynamics and good childhoods.