Families In Poland Research Articles

Composite Structure of Personal Networks, Age, and Well-being in Poland

Composite Structure of Personal Networks, Age, and Well-being in Poland Traditionally aging research focused on the disintegration of social ties, however it has recently been observed that whom we contact has a larger impact on well-being (Cacioppo et al., 2009). The authors used data from the Social Networks II module of the International Social Survey Programme to investigate the role of social network components in successful aging. A factor analysis on 1221 Polish participants revealed 4 factors that were interpreted as: close, medium, and distant family, and friends. Well-being variables were most strongly related to contact with distant family, while SS variables were most strongly related to friends. Given SS was strongly related to distant family, while perceived SS was strongly related to close family. All family contacts decreased with age, though only distant family contacts were proactively managed. These results indicate the importance of distant family in Poland, in contrast to other countries.

Investigations on the life quality of a child from a foster family: the research method

The paper presents some investigations on the life quality of orphaned children placed in foster families in Poland. The author’s own method with the elements of original survey investigations was presented. Consecutive steps on constructing the investigation method were presented. Firstly the investigation goals were set, the subject of investigations was selected and then the form of a questionnaire was suggested. It was essential to choose factual issue to construct the research tool. Two groups of respondents were appointed: children and foster parents. Two research questionnaire forms were presented and their application conditions were highlighted. The method was verified in practice upon the selected representative families. The effectiveness of the method was assessed considering some external factors which appeared during the investigations. The role of the researcher and his influence upon the obtained results was emphasized. It was stressed that the cooperation with the social worker who runs the foster family program during the investigations was of crucial importance. In conclusions the suggested research method was assessed and its weak points were featured. Some suggestions aiming at improving both the method and the research tool in the form of a questionnaire were recommended.

Welfare State, Gender, and Reconciliation of Work and Family in Poland: Policy Developments and Practice in a New EU Member

Abstract In the context of welfare state change and European Union and national debates on activation, this article engages in a systematic analysis of the reconciliation of work and family policies in Poland, and their implications regarding the gendered division of labour. Examination of three areas of reconciliation, that is, childcare services, maternity and parental leaves, and parent‐friendly organization of work, reveals strong tensions between the unpaid labour of care and paid market labour. Reconciliation of work and family appears challenging for mothers and fathers alike, but the nature of the problem differs – women face greater obstacles to paid employment and men to involvement in family and care. Assessed against EU prescriptions in this area, Poland's performance is mixed. Based on policy developments and practice, Poland is far from achieving Barcelona targets for the provision of childcare services, it complies with EU regulations on maternity and parental leave arrangements but also compares unfavourably with the member states which provide special arrangements for fathers, and, finally, lags behind employment goals and parent‐friendly organization of work. Although participation in the Lisbon Strategy has proved important for raising the visibility of the reconciliation of work and family policies on the national political agenda, recent policy reforms have been either inconsistent or too modest in light of EU policy goals. Therefore, it is too soon to argue that parents’ ability to reconcile work and care has improved or that greater equality in the gendered division of labour has been attained.

What species of owlflies (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae), an extinct family in Poland, have occurred in Poland in the past?

Literature data on Ascalaphidae in Poland are critically discussed. Libelloides macaronius has never been found in the present-day territory of Poland. Libelloides coccajus most likely occurred in Poland at the end of the 18th century. Evidence for this statement comprises a drawing and a note in a manuscript of Charles de Perthees from

Income Situation of Farmer Families in Poland in the Light of Economic Transformations and European Integration

Political and economic transformations in Poland, which began in the 1990s, had a significant impact on the economic situation of all households, and in particular on farmers’ households. These households experienced the highest, among other social and professional groups, real decrease of income. Also price relations in agriculture deteriorated. Agricultural production became less profitable, mostly as a result of the increase of prices of materials used for the production. The supply of agricultural raw materials was higher than the demand, therefore farmers encountered problems with selling their products. The income structure experienced a decrease in the share of income from individual farm, while the gainful employment outside of agriculture and social benefits grew. Polish integration with the EU and including Polish agriculture in the common agricultural policy contributed to the amelioration of the farms’ economic situation, mainly as a result of influx of funds under direct payments. The level of the support depended on the size of a farm, thus small farms, most numerous in Poland, did not benefit significantly. A considerable range of poverty in rural areas and a disparity between the income and expenditures of households, to the disadvantage of farming families, still prevails.

Reflections on Holocaust Claims in International Law

It does not need to be said that to be asked to give the Lionel Cohen lecture is a great honor. One of the first books on private international law which I acquired when I became interested in the subject was a volume of the Lionel Cohen lectures delivered by Sir Otto Kahn-Freund. I have chosen a topic which involves the subjects in which I have my primary academic interests, public and private international law, but also a subject in which I had some professional involvement before I became a judge.My immediate family was safely in England at the time of the Holocaust, but I am particularly glad that some of my cousins are here at this lecture. Their families in Poland were tragically involved in the Holocaust and my cousin Rony Lerner made a film in 2006, which was shown on Israeli TV, about the murder in Poland of his grandmother and his search for her murderers. His grandmother was my grandmother's sister.

Introduction to the Symposium: Changing Fortunes—Economic Transitions, the European Union and Families in Poland

Introduction to the Symposium: Changing Fortunes—Economic Transitions, the European Union and Families in Poland

Introduction: Bringing the Past into the Present: Family Narratives of Holocaust, Exile, and Diaspora

When I first began documenting my mother's experience of the Second World War and its aftermath, I had no idea that other anthropologists were engaging in similar endeavors. Since this collection of papers, at its core, is about a set of stories, I would like to introduce it with an anecdotal account of how this anthology evolved, for the end product is truly the result of a collaborative effort.1 One day, while working on an unrelated topic concerning health care, I took down Philippe Bourgois' ethnography, In Search of Respect, from my shelf. In glancing at the acknowledgements, I was surprised to read the following tribute to his father, Pierre Bourgois: "Perhaps the fact that he escaped in 1944 from one of the labor camps outside Auschwitz instilled in me as a child a determination to document institutionalized racism and human tragedy..." (1995:xii). I remember thinking how remarkable this was, for I had similar feelings about my mother's experience of the concentration camps. Sometime ago, I had come to realize that my rejection of racism and false difference was influenced, in part, by the awareness of what my mother (and millions of other people) went through as a consequence of institutionalized racism and hatred [End Page 7] that characterized Nazi rule and culminated in the Holocaust. I contacted Philippe, and we began a long and fruitful correspondence, for it turned out that both of us were pursuing parallel projects with our parents. Both of us were committed to using our stories to examine larger social processes and historical forces which shaped that era and continue to act as catalysts for violence and oppression. In the meantime, a friend sent me a book that she thought might be helpful in my work. It was titled Exile: A Memoir of 1939, originally written in the 1960s by an Austrian Jew, Bronka Schneider, but edited by her niece, anthropologist Erika Bourguignon and a colleague, Barbara Hill Rigney. I found much in that slim volume that resonated with my own evolving ideas. In the foreword to this book, Bourguignon asks a compelling question: "How do ordinary people live in extraordinary times?" (Schneider 1998:x). Erika and I met several months later, over a long breakfast at a professional meeting. I learned more about her family's flight from Austria soon after the German annexation, and we spent quite a bit of time talking about what happened in the wake of World War II and the Holocaust—how did people pick up the shattered fragments of their lives? Another extensive correspondence ensued. The following November, while at the annual American Anthropological Association meetings, I ran into an acquaintance, Alisse Waterston. In exchanging pleasantries, we realized that we had both traveled to Poland that summer, not a common destination. I had gone there with my mother, who was then 90 years old, to revisit family and sites from her youth. Alisse had no remaining family in Poland; instead, she was there to see and record sites and memorials to the Jewish past, including the tragic past of the village in which her father was born and raised, Jedwabne. She, too, was pursuing a life story—that of her father. I had heard of Jedwabne, for it was the subject of a recently published book by historian Jan Gross that had generated a lot of controversy in the Polish and Polish-American press. As the subtitle of Neighbors notes, the book is about the 1941 destruction of the Jewish community in that Polish town. Alisse and I met the following day for a breakfast that lasted through three pots of hotel coffee, for we discovered a multitude of parallels in our respective parent life story projects. As I look back on my notes from that meeting, I see that Alisse and I also talked about how her own family's story shaped her views...

Mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau Tumour Suppressor Gene in Central Nervous System Hemangioblastomas

Central nervous system hemangioblastomas (cHAB) are rare tumours which most commonly arise in the cerebellum. Most tumours are sporadic, but as many as one third of cHABs occur in the course of the hereditary disorder - von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL). In order to diagnose new VHL families in Poland we performed sequencing of the entire VHL gene in archival material (paraffin embedded hemangioblastoma tissues) in a large series of 203 unselected patients with cHAB. VHL gene mutations were detected in 70 (41%) of 171 tumour samples from which DNA of relatively good quality was isolated. We were able to obtain blood samples from 19 of mutation positive cases. Eight (42%) of these harboured germline mutations in persons from distinct undiagnosed VHL families.

“She has done me no work”: language and power asymmetry in impoverished families in Poland

Based on an in-depth semantic analysis of interviews with poor Polish couples living in a foreclosed state farm and the examination of the so-called “linguistic sexism” of the Polish language, the author shows that despite a manifest change in the social context of poor households, power relations within impoverished rural married couples still remain the same. The traditional power imbalance can be observed at the level of the respondents’ utterances, especially with regard to gender roles, work and household duties, dowries and inheritance. In households with downwardly mobile men, husbands tend to assert even more symbolic power than in households in which the husbands have jobs, even if low-paying ones. Wives of downwardly mobile men in the community studied are inclined to verbally support their husbands and patriarchal family relations, despite the fact that often the traditional basis of patriarchy—economic providership—is now women’s responsibility also.

Shadows of the Shoah: Jewish identity and belonging

can we make sense of being born and growing up in the shadows of the Shoah without being able to speak about the unspeakable terror that killed so many in our families? As the second generation we were rarely to hear stories of love and loss or to participate in the mourning of so many who had been brutally murdered. Rather we were to grow up 'normally', and to learn to turn our backs on the past as we struggled towards future identities while imagining ourselves 'like everyone else'. Fearful of difference we were often ambivalent about Jewish identities that could threaten a sense of 'Englishness'. Exploring the painful dynamics of personal identity and belonging, Victor Jeleniewski Seidler shares the difficulties of memory. How is it possible ever really to belong and feel safe and yet remember what happened to Jewish families in Poland? How can one remember without feeling overwhelmed by the terror? Crossing boundaries in a journey to Poland enabled the author to rethink a relationship between Judaism and modernity, as well as to reflect on the painful histories between Poles and Jews. Questions about memory, identity and belonging touch the lives of many people who live in the shadows of historical trauma. Learning to think in new ways about the Shoah as a defining crisis within modernity, Seidler also helps us imagine an ethics for a postmodern time.

Acceleration of menarcheal age of girls from dysfunctional families

I first review studies that deal with the tempo of maturation of girls from dysfunctional families in Poland. The authors of the studies used various methods both to gather the data and to compare the tempo of maturation of girls. The methods are presented and discussed here mainly from the point of view of their applicability to the theory of Belsky, Steinberg and Draper [(1991) Childhood experience, interpersonal development and reproductive strategy: an evolutionary theory and socialization, Child Development 62, 647–670]. All the results surveyed here lead to the conclusion that girls from dysfunctional families mature not later but even earlier than girls from normal families, though the standard of living of the former is much lower, on average. This fact is confronted with the very well established finding that in Poland there is a strong correlation between the low standard of living of a family and delayed maturation of the children. This supports the hypothesis that stressful childhood life events accelerate maturation of girls. This acceleration has been observed and discussed by many authors; see Kim, Smith & Palermiti [(1997) Conflict in childhood and reproductive development, Evolution and Human Behaviour, 18, 109–142] for a comprehensive bibliography.

Sir Hersch Lauterpacht: An Appraisal

Despite our family connections,1 I was never closely associated with Hersch Lauterpacht I recall him as a kind and considerate uncle to my children, with whom he established close relations, and of course his renown as a giant in the field of international law culminating in his accession to the International Court of Justice in the Hague. Despite his lifelong connection with Zionist affairs and with Israel, Hersch Lauterpacht must be remembered as an international lawyer of universal outlook. The third of a century from the publication of his first book in 1927 to his untimely death in 1960 was a period largely unaffected by the North-South, anti-colonialist and East-West divisions that marked the following thirty years from 1960 to 1990. Nor were the massive substantive developments of those years, particularly in the fields of the environment, the law of the sea, the extension of protection of human rights, disarmament and confidence-building measures, foreseeable during his lifetime. But although he wrote during a time when international law was relatively static, set in a mould formed more than half a century before his immersion in the subject, he wrote with a unique sense of legal principle and especially a novel, even in his time daring, belief in the position of the individual as a subject of international law. This belief was translated into a proposal, published in 1945, for the establishment of an international bill of human rights. This document had an immediate impact upon the emerging European commitment to the formal protection of individual rights in the shape of the European Convention on Human Rights concluded in 1950. Lauterpacht's ideas on this subject began to evolve even in his student days in Vienna. There, as a leader of the Jewish student movement, he took a particular interest in the then recently developed concept of the 'mandate' in relation to Palestine and other Turkish and German colonies. This led to his first book on Private Law Sources and Analogies of International Law (1927). The loss of his own family in Poland during the Holocaust undoubtedly influenced the development of his ideas regarding individual responsibility for war

Young People and Families in Poland: Changing Times, Changing Dependencies?

This paper considers the relationships between parents and children in Polish families in the situation of social transformation. Data are based upon a survey of 1,912 respondents carried out in 1993 and supplemented with qualitative interviews. Two main hypotheses are considered: whether the strong family bonds developed under the communist regime are weakening with the new economic con ditions and whether there is a process of 'individualization' as in many other western European countries with young people seeking greater autonomy and independence from family ties. The paper concludes that although there is some evidence of a move towards individualization and a changing relationship between parents and children, there are never theless more continuities in family relation ships because of the continuing economic problems in which people find themselves and the lack of improvement or even worsening of many of the conditions which encouraged close family ties in the first place. Family obli gations and ties of loyalty and duty continue to exert a very strong influence.

Legal regulation of abortion in Poland.

Previous articleNext article FreeForumLegal Regulation of Abortion in PolandMałgorzata FuszaraMałgorzata Fuszara Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Signs Volume 17, Number 1Autumn, 1991 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/494716 Views: 212Total views on this site Citations: 22Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1991 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Joanna Krotofil, Dominika Motak, Dorota Wójciak, Dagmara Mętel ‘Skirting heaven, skirting hell’: the maternal perspective of Catholic women on abortion and the recent restrictions in abortion law in Poland, Culture and Religion 1 (Sep 2022): 1–19.https://doi.org/10.1080/14755610.2022.2119266Atina Krajewska Revisiting Polish Abortion Law: Doctors and Institutions in a Restrictive Regime, Social & Legal Studies 31, no.33 (Nov 2021): 409–438.https://doi.org/10.1177/09646639211040171Marta Bucholc Abortion Law and Human Rights in Poland: The Closing of the Jurisprudential Horizon, Hague Journal on the Rule of Law 14, no.11 (Feb 2022): 73–99.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40803-022-00167-9Magdalena Furgalska, Fiona de Londras Rights, Lawfare and Reproduction: Reflections on the Polish Constitutional Tribunal's Abortion Decision, Israel Law Review 23 (Mar 2022): 1–17.https://doi.org/10.1017/S002122372100025XAtina Krajewska Rupture and Continuity: Abortion, the Medical Profession, and the Transitional State—A Polish Case Study, Feminist Legal Studies 29, no.33 (Jun 2021): 323–350.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10691-021-09465-3Dominika Motak, Joanna Krotofil, Dorota Wójciak The Battle for Symbolic Power: Kraków as a Stage of Renegotiation of the Social Position of the Catholic Church in Poland, Religions 12, no.88 (Jul 2021): 594.https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12080594 Bibliography, (Sep 2017): 591–675.https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405164498.biblioAnna Kowalczyk Women under State Socialism, Historical Materialism 24, no.44 (Dec 2016): 234–243.https://doi.org/10.1163/1569206X-12341495Katalin Fábián Disciplining the “Second World”: the relationship between transnational and local forces in contemporary Hungarian women's social movements, East European Politics 30, no.11 (Jan 2014): 1–20.https://doi.org/10.1080/21599165.2013.856310Silvia De Zordo, Joanna Mishtal Physicians and Abortion: Provision, Political Participation and Conflicts on the Ground—The Cases of Brazil and Poland, Women's Health Issues 21, no.33 (May 2011): S32–S36.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2011.01.006Joanna Mishtal, Rachel Dannefer Reconciling religious identity and reproductive practices: The Church and contraception in Poland, The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care 15, no.44 (Sep 2010): 232–242.https://doi.org/10.3109/13625187.2010.498595Joanna Z. Mishtal Matters of “Conscience”: The Politics of Reproductive Healthcare in Poland, Medical Anthropology Quarterly 23, no.22 (May 2009): 161–183.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1387.2009.01053.xAnne-Marie Kramer The Polish Parliament and the Making of Politics through Abortion: Nation, Gender and Democracy in the 1996 Liberalization Amendment Debate, International Feminist Journal of Politics 11, no.11 (Mar 2009): 81–101.https://doi.org/10.1080/14616740802567824Jill M. Bystydzienski The Effects of the Economic and Political Transition on Women and Families in Poland, (Jan 1999): 91–109.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14502-7_7Mirella W. Eberts The Roman Catholic Church and democracy in Poland, Europe-Asia Studies 50, no.55 (Nov 2007): 817–842.https://doi.org/10.1080/09668139808412567Ulla Grapard Theoretical Issues of Gender in the Transition from Socialist Regimes, Journal of Economic Issues 31, no.33 (Jan 2016): 665–686.https://doi.org/10.1080/00213624.1997.11505959Michelle A. Saint-Germain Mujeres '94, Women & Politics 18, no.22 (Aug 1997): 75–99.https://doi.org/10.1300/J014v18n02_04Frances Millard The Influence of the Catholic Hierarchy in Poland, 1989-96, Journal of European Social Policy 7, no.22 (May 1997): 83–100.https://doi.org/10.1177/095892879700700201Frances Millard Women in Poland: The impact of post‐communist transformation 1989–94, Journal of Area Studies 3, no.66 (Apr 2008): 60–73.https://doi.org/10.1080/02613539508455737Georgina Waylen Women and Democratization Conceptualizing Gender Relations in Transition Politics, World Politics 46, no.33 (Jun 2011): 327–354.https://doi.org/10.2307/2950685Carmen Luke The politicised ‘I’ and depoliticised ‘We’: The politics of theory in postmodern feminisms, Social Semiotics 2, no.22 (Apr 2009): 1–20.https://doi.org/10.1080/10350339209360357Dagmar Herzog Partnerships and practices 1980???2010, (): 176–217.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511997075.006

La dislocation de la famille en Pologne : le problème du divorce

The Problem of Divorce and the Break-up of the Family in Poland. The present study examines the problem of divorce, the social situation of divorced couples and their children. Research is facilitated by the fact that, in Poland, divorce, in its juridical aspect as the legalization of the break-up of a family, figures as a social statistic. It is for this reason that this essentially statistical study covers the period 1960-1982 and draws mainly on official data. The writer considers the question of whether divorce is a liberating factor or a social disorder, and goes on to look at the development of divorce in the period under discussion, its demographic aspects (variations of age, sex, place of domicile, social status of those involved), and finally reflects on the causes of divorce as shown in the statistics, which do not always correspond to the real reasons for the break-up of a marriage.

Wstępne wyniki reintrodukcji bobra w dorzeczu Wisły

In 1977, there were about 254 beaver families in Poland. Most of them inhabit the tributary streams to the Niemen and Pergola Rivers in NE Poland. This situation makes it difficult for the beavers to penetrate into the central part of Poland. In 1976 and 1977, experimental reintroduction of beavers were started, into the basin of the Vistula River.

The rare silent gene P o of human red cell acid phosphatase in a second family in Poland

Abstract The authors describe a Polish family (three generations) with a silent gene P o of human red cell acid phosphatase. The phosphatase levels of 4 family members were about half the normal value.

The rare silent gene P o of human red cell acid phosphatase in a second family in poland

The authors describe a Polish family (three generations) with a silent gene P o of human red cell acid phosphatase. The phosphatase levels of 4 family members were about half the normal value.