Hypertension Family Research Articles

Clinical Study on Risk Factors and Fetomaternal Outcome of Severe Preeclampsia in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) especially severe or early PE, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the mothers and infants.To determine the maternal risk factors and fetomaternal outcome of severe preeclampsia.
 Methods: It was a case control study, done in a tertiary care hospital among 100 patients with severe preeclampsia and normal pregnant women admitted. Sampling technique were consecutive sampling methods. Singleton pregnancy between 28 to 40 weeks of gestation with severe preeclampsia were selected as study patients. Written informed consent was obtained. A questionnaire was completed for each patient including patient's age, gestational age, parity, History of hypertension in family, weight and Body Mass Index (BMI). Maternal complications before or after delivery, and perinatal outcome were also be recorded in the data sheet. Data was analyzed by SPSS-20.
 Results: Among the 50 cases and 50 controls regarding different risk factors age >34 years, BMI, history of precelampsia, were found significant (p<0.05) between two groups. Among the case group, patients developed eclampsia 2(4.0%) abruptio placenta 3(6.0%) HELLP syndrome 2(4.0%) ascites 4(8%) and oliguria1(2.0). But none of the control group had developed these types of complications. In case group 7(14.0%) patients developed PPH and pulmonary oedema 3(6.0%). In control group 5(10.0%) developed PPH and 1(2.0%) developed pulmonary oedema. It was observed that, in case group 5(12.5%) babies had very low birth weight (<1.5 kg) but not in control group. twenty one (52.5%) of the babies had low birth weight (<2.5 kg) in case group and 8.0% of babies had low birth weight in control group. Most 56.0% of the neonates had APGAR score 4-6 at 1 minute in case group and 12(24.0%) in control group. In case group 17(34%) babies developed birth asphyxia and 15(30.0%) of babies developed prematurity, where in control group 7(14.0%) babies developed birth asphyxia and 3(6.0%) of babies developed prematurity. 32(80.0%) newborn needed admission in neonatal care unit in case group and 10(20.0%) in control group (p<0.05). Take baby in home safely in 35(70.0%) in cases group and 50(100.0%) in control group. Early neonatal death was found in 5(10.0%) in case group and not found in control group. Still birth was 10(20.0%) case group and not found control group (p<0.05).
 Conclusion: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of both fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality in the developing countries. Maternal and fetal outcome are worse in severe preeclampsia.
 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (1); Jan 2018; Page 23-28

Determinants of obesity in population of PURE study from Lower Silesia.

The knowledge about obesity pathogenesis is insufficient. The aim of our study was to investigate environmental and individual determinants of obesity in population of PURE study from Lower Silesia. This was a cross sectional observation of 1064 inhabitants of Wroclaw and neighbouring rural area (671 women, 393 men), who took part in PURE study in years 2007-2010. Each participant answered PURE questionnaire and International Physical Activity Questionnaire providing information about obesity risk factors. Anthropometric measurements were collected, blood samples were taken for assessment of FTO gene polymorphism. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the most significant predictors of obesity. 31% of the study group had obesity (BMI over 30 kg/m², no difference between men and women), overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m²) affected 48.1% of men and 36.7% of women. Determinants of obesity in female group were: rural inhabitancy, chronic medication, unemployment, age, sedentary leisure time activity, non-smoking, hypertension in family, family related stress (p = 0.66 in the Hosmer-Lemeshow test). Determinants of obesity in male group were rural inhabitancy, chronic medication, family related stress, diabetes in family (p = 0.27 in the Hosmer-Lemeshow test). Risk factors for central obesity were similar, however in women oral contraception and physical activity were associated with lower obesity risk. Environmental factors, especially rural inhabitancy and family related stress were associated with higher obesity risk in our study. Employment, smoking, physical activity and use of oral contraception seemed to have protective role in women.

Level of Control of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, its proper management is important for better prognosis. poor control is not uncommon and factors associated with uncontrolled state vary between communities. No previous published researches focused on estimating uncontrolled cases in Jeddah, nor exploring its associated factors. Objectives of the study: To estimate prevalence of uncontrolled type 2 diabetic cases and explore its associated factors in patients attending primary heal care centers, Jeddah, KSA. Subjects and methods: Through a cross section study, with nested case control design, 400 diabetic patients were selected randomly from primary health care centers in Jeddah. They responded to a predesigned valid questionnaire enclosing information about glycemic level, and demographic and clinical variables possibly associated with poor glycemic control. Chi square test and Odds ratio were used to identify factors significantly associated and predicting uncontrolled diabetes. Results: Out of all patients (n=400), more than one half (54%) aged 60 years or older, with marked dominance of females (65.5%). almost three quarters (72.5%) were considered as being “uncontrolled cases”. The most significant factors associated with poor glycemic control included being a female (OR=1.456, 95% CI: 1.065-2.706)), older patients as it reached up to 80.4% in patients aged 60-79 years, widowed (87.1%), obese patients (73.6%) and hypertensive patients (OR=3.126, 95% CI:1.867-5.233). Poor control was less frequentr in those who had positive history of hyperglycemic crisis (OR=0.578, 95% CI:0.497-0.673) and those who had positive family history of diabetes mellitus (OR=0.822, 95% CI:0.728-0.928) p<0.05. Conclusion and recommendations: Poor glycemic control is markedly prevalent among diabetic patients attending PHC in Jeddah. Associated factors included being female, old age, obesity, hypertension and positive family history of diabetes. Tailored care should be planned for diabetic patients with the predictors of poor glycemic explored in the current study.

Profil échocardiographique des patients hypertendus Congolais

ObjectivesTo assess echocardiographic aspect of Congolese hypertensive patients, and to identify predictive factors of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Patients and methodsA transversal study was lead in Brazzaville from January 2011 to December 2013 (36 months). In total, 1125 hypertensive patients under treatment underwent transthoracic echocardiography. The test was carried out either as part of an initial assessment of the hypertension disease or during the development of evocative symptom or complication. Patients’ sociodemographic data and echocardiographic parameters were collected and analyzed. ResultsThere were 621 males (55.2%) and 504 females (44.8%), mean age 54.7±12 years. The main indication of the test were the hypertension initial evaluation in 792 cases (70.4%), dyspnea in 122 cases (10.8%), investigation of ischemic stroke in 101 cases (9%), cardiac failure and chest pain in respectively 58 and 52 cases. 5.3±4.7 years known duration of hypertension status was associated with overweight/obesity in 829 cases (73.7%), physical inactivity in 669 cases (59.5%), hypertension family history in 540 cases (48%), diabetes mellitus in 122 cases (10.8%), dyslipidemia in 82 cases (7.3%), smoking in 29 cases (2.6%). Echocardiographic test was abnormal in 590 cases (52.4%) and showed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 510 cases (45.2%), dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 46 cases (4.1%), dilated cardiomyopathy with systolic dysfunction in 31 cases (2.8%), coronary artery disease in 4 cases (0.4%). LVH was concentric in 470 cases (84.6%), eccentric in 70 cases (12.6%), and in 16 cases (3%), it was a concentric left ventricular remodeling. The left ventricular's systolic ejection fraction average was 70.5±9.3%, relaxation disorders in 480 cases (42.6%). Age, male gender, income, known duration of hypertension and treatment were predictive factors of LVH. ConclusionsEchocardiographic profile of the Congolese hypertensive is quite various, left ventricular hypertrophy is the most predominant abnormality. Efficient management on the hypertension will lead to reduce its morbidity and mortality.

An Ecological Study on the Risk of Gastric Cancer With Helicobacter Pylori Prevalence and Other Potential Cofactors in Korea

Background: Korea has a high incidence of gastric cancer and a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Observation of prevalence trends and determination of risk factors for gastric cancer are important to establish health policies to prevent and reduce the burden of disease. Currently, there is no evidence of complete correlation between prevalence of H. pylori infection and the occurrence of gastric cancer. Several explanations have been proposed for the paradox of high prevalence of infection and low gastric cancer incidence in certain places, including diet and salt consumption, genetic susceptibility, other infections, aflatoxin-contaminated food, and the interaction of all these factors, but none of them has been clearly established. Aim: To explore the potential effects of prevalence of H. pylori infection and other risk factors on gastric cancer incidence in Korea. Methods: Information on gastric cancer incidence, prevalence of H. pylori infection, and the risk factors for gastric cancer were evaluated from nationally representative data - the Korean National Cancer Registry, nationwide routine health check-up surveillance system, and National Health and Nutrition Survey, respectively. Secular trends of H. pylori infection prevalence and age-standardized incidence rates for gastric cancer by region were examined. Furthermore, trends of income level, education level, marital status, number of family members, smoking status, drinking status, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and age-standardized incidence rates for gastric cancer by region were examined. Results: Gastric cancer incidence showed a decreasing trend from 2011 to 2015; 50.6%–44.4% for men and 22.1%–17.0% for women. The prevalence of H. pylori infection also showed a decreasing trend; from 66.9% in 1998%–54.4% in 2011. In Korea, areas with high prevalence of H. pylori infection also showed high gastric cancer incidence. However, the Chungcheong area showed relatively low prevalence of H. pylori infection, but had the highest gastric cancer incidence in Korea. Other factors which showed similar effects on gastric cancer incidence, like H. pylori infection were large family size (4 or more family members), low income, low education, and obesity. The effect of introduction of 'National Cancer Screening Program' will be evaluated in the final outcome. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that significant regional differences exist between trends in H. pylori infection prevalence and gastric cancer incidence in Korea. Also, the possibility of lack of association between H. pylori prevalence and the incidence of gastric cancer are suggested. Overall, this study suggests the need for further research to explore potential factors accounting for regional differences in gastric cancer incidence in Korea.

Correlation between Serum Uric Acid level and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Background: One of the risk factors of congestive heart failure that still under investigations is hyperuricemia. It's still debatable whether it's an independent risk factor or it's just a consequence of other disorders associated with cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. Objective: The aim of our study is to elucidate whether in patients with heart failure serum uric acid level correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction supporting the possibility that the detection of progressive hyperuricemia in these patients may be an indicator of deteriorating cardiac function. Methods: We conducted a prospective study that included 124 studied patients and 26 apparently healthy persons at Coronary care unit and Internal Medicine Department at Sohag University Hospitals. All studied populations were classified into four groups; v Group I patients being newly diagnosed heart failure, v Group II patients decompensated heart failure on regular treatment, v Group III patients decompensated heart failure but stopped their treatment from three months, v Group IV control group selected to our study healthy and age-matched subjects from 30 to 70 years old . Then we studied the association between left ventricular ejection fraction, the severity of congestive heart failure and the serum uric acid levels and the well-known conventional risk factor that include age, sex, BMI, positive family history, smoking, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia then through logistic regression analysis we tried to identify the independent predictors of coronary artery diseases. Results: The mean finding in our study is the significant higher mean ± SD serum uric acid levels in patients with congestive heart failure (8.43±2.95) versus apparently healthy persons (5.55±1.48) with P value = .02. When we adjusted the serum uric acid with others significant factors in the univariate analysis which were age, gender and smoking, serum uric acid was an independent risk factor P value = .04. Another interesting finding is significant correlation between serum uric acid level and the severity of congestive heart failure P value<0.001,correlation coefficient=.35, where, that high rates of serum uric acid levels were recorded in patients with severe congestive heart failure. The gold finding is significant correlation between serum uric acid level and left ventricular ejection fraction P value<0.001, correlation coefficient=.35, where, that high rates of serum uric acid levels were recorded in patients with reduced ejection fraction. According to ROC analysis a uric acid level of 8.45 mg/dl was found to be the most appropriate cut-off point with the sensitivitv 62% and the specificity 75%. Conclusion: Higher serum uric acid levels are significantly correlated with the severity of congestive heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction, as follows, the mean finding in our study is the significant higher mean ± SD serum uric acid levels in patients with congestive heart failure (8.43±2.95) versus apparently healthy persons (5.55±1.48) with P value = .02. When we adjusted the serum uric acid with others significant factors in the univariate analysis which were age, gender and smoking, serum uric acid was an independent risk factor P value = .04.

Cardiovascular risk profile in Olympic athletes: an unexpected and underestimated risk scenario

BackgroundPrevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors has been poorly explored in subjects regularly engaged in high-intensity exercise programmes. Our aim was, therefore, to assess the prevalence and distribution of CV...

Prevalence of risk eating behaviors and metabolic syndrome in teenage school students of Morelos state

metabolic syndrome (MS) is a health problem associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of MS in adolescents from Morelos is unknown. Certain risk eating behaviors (REB) may be associated with this phenotype. to determine the prevalence of MS in adolescents and its association with REB. cross-sectional study in junior high schools and high schools from Morelos. Anthropometric, clinical data, perception of body image and REB were investigated. MS was diagnosed with international criteria for adolescents and their association with REB was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95). a total of 869 adolescents aged 14.6 ± 1.6 years were studied. They reported 2.6 ± 1.8 REB; the overall score was 5.9 ± 0.33. The 16.6% presented moderate or high REB risk. The prevalence of MS (6.7%) was associated with the REB score (OR 1.2 [1.1-1.3]), a value that remained after adjusting for age, sex, breakfast omission, residence region, perception of body image and background family of obesity, diabetes, hypertension or infarction (ODHI), ORadj 1.2 (1.1-1.3), pseudo R2 = 0.14, Chi-squared 16.7, p < 0.03. MS was more frequent in men, who were perceived to be thinner and with two or more family history of ODHI. It is suggested to influence the self-perception of overweight or obesity, to educate about compulsive behaviors, undergo diets, fasting and exercise to prevent MS.

High prevalence of diabetes among migrants in the United Arab Emirates using a cross-sectional survey

In 2011, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) had the 10th highest diabetes prevalence globally, but this was based on data that excluded migrants who comprise 80% of the population. This study assessed diabetes prevalence across the UAE population. A random sample of migrants was recruited from the visa renewal centers. Data were collected using interviews, anthropometric measurements and fasting blood for glucose, lipids and genetic analyses. 2724 adults completed the questionnaires and blood tests. Of these, 81% were males, 65% were ≤40 years old and 3% were above 60 years. Diabetes, based on self-report or fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l, showed a crude prevalence of 15.5%, of whom 64.2% were newly diagnosed. Overall age- and sex-adjusted diabetes prevalence, according to the world mid-year population of 2013, was 19.1%. The highest prevalence was in Asians (16.4%) and non-Emirati Arabs (15.2%) and lowest in Africans and Europeans (11.9%). It increased with age: 6.3% in 18–30 years and 39.7% in 51 to 60 years. Lower education, obesity, positive family history, hypertension, dyslipidemia, snoring, and low HDL levels, all showed significant associations with diabetes. The high diabetes prevalence among migrants in the UAE, 64% of which was undiagnosed, necessitates urgent diabetes prevention and control programs for the entire UAE population.

Diabetes, smoking, family hypertension and consultations number, could be risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women in the region Nouakchott in Mauritania?

Diabetes, smoking, family hypertension and consultations number, could be risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women in the region Nouakchott in Mauritania?

Clinical Utility of Survivin (BIRC5), Novel Cardiac Biomarker, as a Prognostic Tool Compared to High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein, Heart-type Fatty Acid Binding Protein and Revised Lee Score in Elderly Patients Scheduled for Major Non-cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Pilot Study.

SummaryBackgroundRecent studies indicate that survivin (BIRC5) is sensitive to the existence of previous ischemic heart disease, since it is activated in the process of tissue repair and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of survivin (BIRC5) as a new cardiac biomarker in the preoperative assessment of cardiovascular risk in comparison with clinically accepted cardiac biomarkers and one of the relevant clinical risk scores.MethodsWe included 79 patients, female (41) and male (38), with the mean age of 71.35±6.89. Inclusion criteria: extensive non-cardiac surgery, general anesthesia, age >55 and at least one of the selected cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking and positive family history). Exclusion criteria: emergency surgical procedures and inability to understand and sign an informed consent. Blood sampling was performed 7 days prior surgery and levels of survivin (BIRC5), hsCRP and H-FABP were measured.ResultsRevised Lee score was assessed based on data found in patients’ history. Levels of survivin (BIRC5) were higher in deceased patients (P<0.05). It showed AUC=0.807 (95% CI, P<0.0005, 0.698–0.917), greater than both H-FABP and revised Lee index, and it increases the mortality prediction when used together with both biomarkers and revised Lee score. The determined cut-off value was 4 pg/mL and 92.86% of deceased patients had an increased level of survivin (BIRC5), (P=0.005).ConclusionsSurvivin (BIRC5) is a potential cardiac biomarker even in elderly patients without tumor, but it cannot be used independently. Further studies with a greater number of patients are needed.

TROMBOSIT ABNORMAL PASCAPERSALINAN

Pregnant women with cardio vascular failure caused by hypertension may show pre-eclampsia or eclampsia syndrome. The syndromewas confirmed by the hypertension family history when she was pregnant or during labour formerly. The influence was shown in thehaematological examination, besides inducing hypertension during pregnancy. The examination must be an accurate laboratory procedureto avoid complication. The routine obstetric examination should be a physical, laboratory as well as USG one. Exspecially laboratoryexamination for pre-eclampsic and eclampsic patients like clinical chemistry, blood examination, urinalysis and special examinationas ANA, ACA and TAT The result of laboratoric examination showed anemic,trombosits was normal and TAT abnormal. The baby wasborn normal. After 3 months post labour the result of TAT still hyper-reactive especially for ADP agonist and hypo-reactive for collagenagonist. This patient have a trombosit function failure based on TAT and must be care to cardiovascular disease. Pregnant women withpre-eclamptic or eclamptic risk must be monitored the trombosit function beside clinical laboratoric and obstetric examinations

Development of a screening tool using electronic health records for undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose detection in the Slovenian population.

To develop and validate a simplified screening test for undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose for the Slovenian population (SloRisk) to be used in the general population. Data on 11 391 people were collected from the electronic health records of comprehensive medical examinations in five Slovenian healthcare centres. Fasting plasma glucose as well as information related to the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score questionnaire, FINDRISC, were collected for 2073 people to build predictive models. Bootstrapping-based evaluation was used to estimate the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve performance metric of two proposed logistic regression models as well as the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score model both at recommended and at alternative cut-off values. The final model contained five questions for undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes prediction and achieved an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.851 (95% CI 0.850-0.853). The impaired fasting glucose prediction model included six questions and achieved an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.840 (95% CI 0.839-0.840). There were four questions that were included in both models (age, sex, waist circumference and blood sugar history), with physical activity selected only for undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes and questions on family history and hypertension drug use selected only for the impaired fasting glucose prediction model. This study proposes two simplified models based on FINDRISC questions for screening of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in the Slovenian population. A significant improvement in performance was achieved compared with the original FINDRISC questionnaire. Both models include waist circumference instead of BMI.

Maternal verbally aggressive behavior in early infancy is associated with blood pressure at age 5-6.

Early life stress has been shown to contribute to alterations in biobehavioral regulation. Whereas many different forms of childhood adversities have been studied in relation to cardiovascular outcomes, very little is known about potential associations between caregivers' verbally aggressive behavior and heart rate and blood pressure in the child. This prospective study examined whether maternal verbally aggressive behavior in early infancy is associated with heart rate or blood pressure at age 5-6. In the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, a large prospective, population-based birth cohort, maternal verbally aggressive behavior was assessed by questionnaire in the 13th week after birth. The child's blood pressure and heart rate were measured during rest at age 5-6 (n=2553 included). Maternal verbally aggressive behavior in infancy was associated with a higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) both in supine and sitting position after adjustment for sex, height and age (SBP supine B=1.01 mmHg; 95% CI [0.06; 1.95] and SPB sitting B=1.29 mmHg; 95% CI [0.12; 2.46]). Adjustment for potential confounding variables, such as other mother-infant dyad aspects, family hypertension and child's BMI, only slightly attenuated the associations (SBP supine B=0.99 mmHg; 95% CI [0.06; 1.93] and SPB sitting B=1.11 mmHg; 95% CI [-0.06; 2.27]). Maternal verbally aggressive behavior was not associated with diastolic blood pressure or heart rate at age 5-6. Maternal verbally aggressive behavior might be an important early life stressor with negative impact on blood pressure later in life, which should be further investigated. Possible underlying mechanisms are discussed.

The study of cardiovascular sympathetic reactivity in unmasking hypertension in offsprings of hypertensive parents

Background: Hypertension is one of the major public health challenge in the world. Early detection of hypertension may enable an individual to enjoy a healthy life by lifestyle modifications. It is well established that genes, environment and its interactions are important in the pathogenesis and risk of hypertension. Studies have shown an association between excessive blood pressure (BP) reactivity to cardiovascular sympathetic tests and incidence of subsequent hypertension. Cold Pressor test (CPT) and isometric handgrip test (IHG) are commonly used test for cardiovascular sympathetic reactivity. Aims and Objectives: The aim is to explore the cardiovascular reactivity to stress (CPT and IHG) and the recovery time after the withdrawal of the stressor in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents. Materials and Methods: The study is an observation case–control study with a total of 40 normotensive subjects of age 17–25 years who have a family history of hypertension and age and sex-matched 40 normotensive subjects with no family history of hypertension were taken as control. Systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and mean BP (MBP) were measured during rest, during IHG test, 5 min after IHG in the recovery phase, during CPT and 4 min after CPT in the recovery phase. Result: In our study, the SBP, DBP, and the MBP during resting stage were significantly higher in the normotensive offspring’s of hypertensive parents as compared to control group. There were significant increases in the systolic, diastolic, and the MBPs during the isometric exercise and CPT in both the groups. Recovery to the baseline after cardiac sympathetic reflex tests such as IHG and CPT also was slow among the positive family history groups compared to participants with a negative family history of hypertension. Conclusion: Hypertension has a genetic disposition. The subjects from the hypertensive families showed greater and prolonged responsiveness to sympathetic stimulation in comparison to the subjects from the non-hypertensive families, indicating the hyperresponsiveness of the sympathetic nervous system to stressor stimuli in the offspring of hypertensive adults.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Predictive Factors among Congolese Hypertensive Patients

A cross-sectional study of hypertensive patients was carried out in Brazzaville between January 2011 and December 2013. The objectives of the present study are to determine the different types of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and to identify the predictive factors of LVH. It included 556 hypertensive patients with LVH, characterized by left ventricular mass index (LVMI) > 135 g/m2 in men, and > 111 g/m2 in women. Patients’ sociodemographic data and echocardiographic parameters were gathered and analyzed. There were 342 males (61.5%) and 214 females (38.5%), with mean age 53.5 ± 11.5 years. The indications of the test were hypertension initial evaluation in 402 cases (72.3%), investigation of ischemic stroke in 62 cases (11.2%), heart failure in 58 cases (10.4%), dyspnea and chest pain in respectively 22 and 12 cases. Hypertension, old of 5.2 ± 4.5 years, was associated with overweight/obesity in 408 cases (73.4%), physical inactivity in 325 cases (58.5%), hypertension family history in 274 cases (49.3%), diabetes mellitus in 76 cases (13.7%), dyslipidemia in 63 cases (11.3%), tobacco use in 9 cases (1.6%). The prevalence of LVH was 49.4% and consisted into concentric LVH in 470 cases (84.5%), eccentric LVH in 70 cases (12.6%), and in 16 cases (2.9%), it was a concentric left ventricular remodeling. Age, male gender, seniority of hypertension and treatment were predictive factors of LVH. The latter is the most predominant abnormality in the echocardiographic profile of Congolese hypertensive patients. Efficient management on hypertension will lead to reducing its morbidity and mortality.

The Relation of the Family Support with the Healthy Lifestyle of Hypertension in Family

Hypertension is a condition when the systolic blood pressure greater than 120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure over 80 mmHg. Healthy lifestyle of hypertension as one of handling blood pressure so that family support is necessary in order to achieve compliance with management healthy lifestyle in patient with hypertension. The purpose study to determine relation of the family support with the healthy lifestyle of hypertension in family. Method: Design of study deskriptif corelasional with cross sectional design. Study was conducted at UPT Kesmas Gianyar I with forty three respondents was taken by consecutive sampling. Family support and healthy lifestyle of hypertension by questionnaire and analyzing using by rank spearman test. Result: Research of study showard most respondents have a high family support 41,9% and a most respondents has enough healthy lifestyle 58,1%. The result of analysis obtained p=0.012&lt;α (α=0.05), which means there is a significant a relation of the family support with healthy lifestyle of hypertension in family. Discussion: Device for community to implement the healthy lifestyle of to controlled blood pressure in patient with hypertension.

Mitochondrial C4375T mutation might be a molecular risk factor in a maternal Chinese hypertensive family under haplotype C

ABSTRACTHere, we reported a Han Chinese essential hypertensive pedigree based on clinical hereditary and molecular data. To know the molecular basis on this family, mitochondrial genome of one proband from the family was identified through direct sequencing analysis. The age of onset year and affected degree of patients are different in this family. And matrilineal family members carrying C4375T mutation and belong to Eastern Asian halopgroup C. Phylogenetic analysis shows 4375C is highly conservative in 17 species. It is suggested that these mutations might participate in the development of hypertension in this family. And halopgroup C might play a modifying role on the phenotype in this Chinese hypertensive family.

Genetic variation in bone morphogenetic proteins family members (BMPs 2 and 4) and hypertension risk in middle-aged men

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are important regulators of iron metabolism affecting hepcidin expression. We have previously shown that 2 genetic polymorphisms in different genes (histocompatibility complex class I-like transmembrane protein, hemojuvelin) involved in the regulation of hepcidin expression pathways are associated with hypertension. In this study, we analyzed genetic variation sites in BMP2 (rs235756, rs235768) and BMP4 (rs4901474) to get more evidence linking iron metabolism to hypertension risk in the Finnish population.The study included 321 hypertensive cases and 463 controls from the Tampere Adult Population Cardiovascular Risk study cohort. Genotyping of polymorphisms was done by polymerase chain reaction using DNAs extracted from buccal swabs.We found that men carrying the GG genotype of BMP2 rs235756 (A>G) polymorphic site had a 4.09-fold risk (confidence interval [CI] 1.61–10.39, P = .003) for hypertension at the age of 50 years compared with A-allele carriers. The risk was significant in the age groups of 45 and 40 years as well. In addition, the 15-year follow-up period of the same individuals showed that carriers of the GG-genotype had also significantly higher readings of both systolic (P < .001) and diastolic (P = .01) blood pressure during the follow-up time. No significant association between BMP2 rs235768 (A>T) and hypertension was found. BMP4 polymorphic site rs4901474 (T>C) also had an effect on hypertension. CC genotype carriers had a 1.48-fold risk (CI 1.03–2.13, P = .033) for hypertension at the age of 50 years when compared with T-allele carriers.In conclusion, BMP2 polymorphic site rs235756 was associated with hypertension in Finnish men. An effect of BMP4 polymorphic site on hypertension was also found.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Receptor Contribute Genetic Susceptibility to Hypertension in a Han Chinese Population.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) have been suggested to mediate the pathophysiological response to elevated blood pressure. This study aims to evaluate the association of IGF-1 and IGF-1R with hypertension. Overall, 2,012 hypertensive cases and 2,210 controls were included in a case-control study, and 10 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) were selected. The association of these SNPs with hypertension was further evaluated in a follow-up analysis and in an adolescent population. A case-control study indicated that rs1815009 and rs2654981 in IGF-1R were significantly associated with hypertension, with odds ratios of 0.89 (P = 0.009) and 1.19 (P = 0.034), respectively, after adjusting for covariates. Stratification analyses revealed significant associations with hypertension (P < 0.05) for rs35767 in normal weight and obese populations; for rs2229765 in individuals <55 years of age and in overweight and nondrinking populations; and for rs2002880 in overweight and drinking populations. In a follow-up study, rs13379905 in IGF-1R was associated with hypertension incidence (hazard ratio, HR = 1.24, P = 0.042). This association was more significant in individuals with a hypertensive family history (HR = 2.10, P = 0.001). The association of rs13379905 with prehypertension and hypertension was further replicated in adolescent males (P = 0.005). Significant associations with hypertension incidence (P < 0.05) were observed for rs6219 in individuals <55 years of age and among those with obesity and a hypertensive family history as well as rs2002880 in obese individuals. Our findings suggest that IGF-1R may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to hypertension, with BMI, age, and family history of hypertension all potentially modulating the genetic effects of IGF-1 on hypertension.