Family History Of Smoking Research Articles

Risk factors for late relapse in male and female ex-smokers

Three hundred twenty-nine ex-smokers (149 males and 180 females) who had maintained abstinence for at least 3 months prior to intake were followed for a period of 1 year to ascertain individual characteristics from cognitive, behavioral, environmental, and health domains that were predictive of later relapse. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between relapse, family history, and stress variables in males and between relapse, family history, stress, pre-and postcessation smoking characteristics, work-related variables, and physical activity in females. Within the predictor sets, both risk and protective factors were identified. The male and female models are discussed separately, compared, and related to previous research. Implications for further model development are specified; most notably, the utility of conceptualizing relapse independent of gender is questioned. Future research efforts could focus on the role played by family smoking history in adult relapse behavior. Smoking cessation interventions may need to tailor their efforts specifically to men and to women. Along with techniques to manage stress both during and after cessation, women may benefit especially from interventions that provide nicotine replacement and counseling for work-related difficulties.

Factors predisposing to abnormal pulmonary function after adenovirus type 7 pneumonia.

Adenoviruses are well known causes of respiratory illness in children. Long term sequelae reported with types 3, 7, and 21 include bronchiolitis obliterans, bronchiectasis, and the hyperlucent lung or McLeod syndrome. Twenty children admitted to hospital with adenovirus type 7 pneumonia between 1960 and 1978 were studied and compared with 20 controls admitted during the same period with adenovirus type 7 upper respiratory tract infections. Sixty five per cent of the pneumonia group had developed evidence of airways obstruction compared with 10% of controls. Young age at the time of pneumonia and a 'measles-like' illness before its onset increase the chance of developing long term pulmonary function abnormalities. Sex and family history of smoking or atopy do not influence outcome.