Family History Of Skin Cancer Research Articles

Prevalence and predictors of skin cancer screening among a sampleof USvolunteer firefighters.

Firefighters have a higher risk of melanoma incidence and mortality compared to the general population. In the United States (US), the National Fire Protection Association recommends all firefighters receive annual skin cancer screening through visual skin examination by a clinician. However, there is limited information on skin cancer screening practices among volunteer firefighters who comprise two-thirds of the US fire service. This cross-sectional study of 552 US volunteer firefighters estimated the prevalence of skin cancer screening and evaluated associations with their fire service experience, demographics, sun protection practices, and cancer risk perception. The prevalence of receiving skin cancer screening among volunteer firefighters was 26.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.4, 29.8). The odds of being screened for skin cancer, compared to not being screened, were twice as high for firefighters who used sunscreen (odds ratio [OR]: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.48, 3.73) and who perceived their skin likely to burn with prolonged sun exposure (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.00). Older age, some college education, and family history of skin cancer were also positively associated with skin cancer screening. A positive exposure-response relationship was observed between more monthly firefighting calls and receiving screening. Cancer risk perception was not associated with screening. To our knowledge, this is the first large study to assess skin cancer screening among US volunteer firefighters. Our findings suggest gaps in skin cancer prevention efforts in the volunteer fire service. Additional assessment of skin cancer prevention practices within volunteer fire departments could help address these gaps.

Melanonychia and subungual papule in a middle-aged man

Melanonychia and subungual papule in a middle-aged man

Knowledge about ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and attitudes and behaviour regarding gel manicure according to the age of women

Introduction and purpose. Nowadays, artificial gel nails, which require Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) for polymerization, steadily gain popularity. Gel manicure dried with UV lamps has become a regular part of many women's beauty routines. However, its safety remains controversial. The aim of the study was to assess the women’s knowledge of UVR and their attitudes towards UV nail exposure and its impact on human health.
 Material and methods. The study was carried out from January to March 2020 with the use of PAPI and CAWI method. The study population consisted of 188 women living in the Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. The mean age was 31.7 ±12.4. The majority of women were familiar with UV nail polish drying devices (74%). Most of the respondents were regularly using UV lamps (51.1%).
 Results. 62% of women aged 18-25 regularly got UV manicure, whereas only 29% of women older than 40 years (p<0.001). Most of the respondents got UV manicure at beauty salon. However, 37% of women got it also at home. Self-manicure was mostly popular among women at age 18-25 (p<0.001). Only 18.7% put sunscreen on hands and 10.8 % wore fingerless gloves. Simultaneous antibiotic therapy or artificial sunbathing was not a contraindication for 15% and 8% of women, respectively. The knowledge of respondents about UV radiation was poor. The rate of correct responses was 54.7%. 
 Conclusions. While existing research suggests a low risk of carcinogenesis resulting from UV nail lamp use, ways to minimize any risk should be kept in mind. Dermatologists should educate patients, especially those with photosensitivity disorders, tanning bed history or with family history of skin cancer and raise their awareness about the potential health risk of UV manicure. Photoprotection and fingerless gloves should be accessible in beauty salons and recommended to use during UV manicure. Safety regulations concerning UV lamps are needed because they are very often self-operated by many women at home.

Host and primary tumor factors for the development of multiple cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas among a retrospective cohort in Rhode Island

Risk factors for a primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) are well-established; however, the host and primary tumor risk factors for subsequent CSCC have not been fully explored. We performed a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with CSCC in an academic dermatology clinic in Rhode Island from 2016-2019. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between host factors and multiple CSCC and between primary tumor characteristics and the risk of subsequent CSCC. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs were calculated. A total of 1312 patients with CSCC diagnoses were included. Host risk factors significantly associated with multiple CSCCs included: aged >80years (aOR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.46-3.31); history of: solid organ transplant (aOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.20-4.80); skin cancer (aOR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.52-2.54); other cancer (aOR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.11-2.00); family history of skin cancer (aOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.03-1.78); and actinic keratosis (aOR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.18-1.95). Tumor location, diameter, histologic differentiation, and treatment were not significant predictors of subsequent CSCCs. Study patients were predominantly White and from a single institution, limiting the generalizability of results. Certain host characteristics were associated with the development of subsequent CSCC, which may inform clinical guidelines for follow-up.

Sun exposure and protection practices among Florida college marching band members and alumni: a cross-sectional study.

In the USA, skin cancer is the most common cancer, more than all other cancers combined. Skin cancer may be prevented by using sun protection. This is particularly important in 18-29-year-olds who, compared to older individuals, experience sunburns more frequently. Moreover, in locations close to the equator, such as Florida, people are at an increased risk of developing melanoma. College marching band members spend a significant amount of time in the sun, as much as 25h weekly practicing and performing at games, yet little is known about this population. We examined and compared sun exposure and protection practices among Florida college marching band members and alumni. In 2020, anonymouscross-sectional web-based surveys were distributed via email and private Facebook groups. A total of 859 members and alumni of five Florida university marching bands participated. Questionnaires assessed demographic characteristics, sun protection behaviors, as well as history of sunburn and skin cancer. Analyses of variance and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to compare sun protection practices between band members and alumni. During sunny day practices, only 16.1% (63/391) of alumni and 27.1% (127/468) of current band members always wore sunscreen. In the multiple linear regression, after adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, and family history of skin cancer, alumni, who participated in marching band practices within the past 50years, were significantly less likely to wear sunscreen or hats compared to current band members. Overall, men were less likely to wear sunscreen but were more likely to wear hats and shirts with sleeves that cover their shoulders compared to women. Compared to the general US population in 2017 (0.38%), alumni of Florida college marching bands in 2020 (2.04%) have a self-reported increase in melanoma prevalence of 1.66%. Of note, melanoma diagnoses were only reported by alumni who self-identified as non-Hispanic white; none of the non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, or other alumni reported a melanoma diagnosis. As skin cancer incidence continues to rise, it is critical that leaders in the marching band community continually address unprotected sun exposure, by promoting protective practices, as well as modifying attitudes and behaviors regarding sun exposure and protection.

Not all comedones are facial: Rare perianal lesions

A 74-year-old white gentleman with a history of colon polyps presented for surveillance colonoscopy. On digital rectal examination he had dark perianal lesions noted. Upon insertion of colonoscope images of perianal lesions (figures 1 and 2) and normal appearing anus (figure 3) were taken. Colonoscopy was completed without difficulty and showed normal terminal ileum, a medium-sized sigmoid lipoma, diverticulosis, internal hemorrhoids and four polyps (tubular adenomas). He was referred to Dermatology for evaluation of perianal lesions. He reported slight enlargement over several years, asymptomatic except for frequent wiping, and not obstructive with bowel movements. He denied use of topicals. His sexual history was unremarkable and reported no personal or family history of skin cancer. On perianal

Shoulder lesion

A 53-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes presented to Dermatology with a pink papule on her left shoulder blade that was present for several years but tender for the previous 2 months. She had no family history of skin cancer nor any history of trauma to the area. Dermoscopy revealed central white lines and a pink vascular pattern.What’s your diagnosis?

Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma in situ with amyloid deposition mimicking melanoma

Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma in situ with amyloid deposition mimicking melanoma

Assessing individual patients' knowledge of benign versus malignant skin lesions in the dermatology clinic population.

Background:Skin cancer education targeted to patients’ needs is a goal of practicing dermatologists. Data regarding dermatology patients’ baseline knowledge regarding skin cancer could aid clinicians in tailoring education efforts.Objective:To help quantify existing patients’ existing visual recognition of skin cancer and common benign lesions, with the goal of helping to provide more targeted and meaningful education to patients.Methods:Two hundred forty-four adult patients from the dermatology clinics at University of Oklahoma and Loyola University Chicago were surveyed using digital images and questions regarding personal and family history of skin cancer, sun protection practices and sun protection knowledge.Results:Of the 244 subjects, 43% percent had a positive personal history of skin cancer, 40% had a positive family history. Scores differed minimally by personal history of skin cancer (p = .37) but differed more markedly by family history of skin cancer (p = .02).Limitations:Lack of generalizability to the general public, age range of subjects.Conclusions:There are knowledge gaps within the dermatology patient population regarding common benign and malignant skin lesions.

The Knowledge and Photoprotective Behaviour of the Hungarian Population in Relation to Skin Cancer

Introduction. The carcinogenic ultraviolet range of sunlight plays a major role in the development of malignant skin tumours with a steadily increasing incidence. It shows a significant upward trend in our country, with 2,742 new cases registered in 2016, nearly 15% of which were under 40 years of age. With conscious behaviour and the use of sunscreen products, the incidence of skin tumours can be reduced. The aim of the study is to assess the Hungarian population’s knowledge about skin cancer and attitudes towards sun protection.Methods. Quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in a dermatology clinic and among 7th and 8th-grade students and 11th and 12th-grade students of two high schools. The self-administered questionnaire used in the study included questions on socio-demographic data, addictions, skin type, family history of skin cancer, sunburns, sunbathing habits, sunscreen use, knowledge about sun protection and skin cancer, screening and self-testing.Results. 83.9% of respondents (n=356) have experien- ced sunburn 3 or more times, and 27.8% use sunscreen regularly (n=118). 62.7% of respondents (n=266) have never had a skin cancer/melanoma screening. A significant association was found between education, gender and sunscreen use (p<0.001). A significant association was also found between risky behaviour and going to a tanning salon (p<0.001).Conclusions. The Hungarian population has a lack of knowledge about skin cancer. The results indicate that more emphasis should be placed on increasing the knowledge and awareness of the population about sun protection and on developing good habits, starting at the primary and se- condary level.

Point prevalence of non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers in Australian surfers and swimmers in Southeast Queensland and Northern New South Wales.

BackgroundSurfing and swimming are two popular outdoor aquatic activities in Australia with an estimated 2.7 million surfers and three million swimmers; however, these activities are associated with intermittent exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Our aim was to determine the point prevalence of pre-skin cancer (actinic keratosis (PSC)), non-melanoma (NMSC) and melanoma skin cancers (MSC) in Australian surfers and swimmers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved Australian surfers who completed a survey that included physiological demographics, aquatic activity-specific demographics, history of skin cancer followed by screening.ResultsA total of 171 surfers (n = 116) and swimmers (n = 55) participated in the study. Both groups were identified as having a history of skin cancer (surfers 41.4%, swimmers 36.4%) and a family history of skin cancer (surfers 52.6%, swimmers 43.6%). The majority of both groups reported using a high percentage of a chemical or physical skin cancer prevention strategy (surfers 100%, Swimmers 92.7%, P = 0.003). Significantly more surfers were identified with a skin cancer of any type vs. swimmers (50% vs. 27.3%; OR 2.67; P = 0.005) with most the common skin cancer being PSC (44.7% vs. 11.3%, P = 0.076) followed by basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (24.2% vs. 7.6%, P = 0.068). There was a total of seven MSC identified in surfers and swimmers (4.6% vs. 0.8%, respectively, P = 0.137). Most skin cancers in surfers were located on the face (28.0%) followed by the arm and back (12.1% each), whereas in swimmers, the majority of skin cancers were identified on the face (17.3%), followed by the arm and lower leg (15.4% each). The highest number of melanomas were identified in surfers (n = 6) and mainly located on the face (n = 2) and back (n = 2). There was a single melanoma identified on the back in a swimmer. With the groups combined, the majority (42.9%) of melanomas were identified on the back in participants, followed by the face (28.6%). Rates per 100,000 of NMSC and MSC in surfers and swimmers (respectively) were BCC (11,206 vs. 14,545), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ (13,793 vs. 12,727), SCC (1,724 vs. 3,636) and MSC (5,172 vs. 1,818). When compared to the general Australian population, surfers and swimmers had higher odds ratios (OR), which included BCCs (OR 7.3 and 9.4, respectively), SCCs (OR 1.7 and 3.5, respectively) and MSC (OR 96.7 and 18.8, respectively).ConclusionSurfers and swimmers had consistently higher rates of PSC, NMSC and MSC than the general Australian population. Point prevalence of MSC (groups combined) was 76-fold higher than the general Australian population. These findings highlight the clinical importance of regular skin cancer screenings in individuals who surf or swim for early detection and treatment of skin cancer. Additionally, these aquatic enthusiasts should be advised of the benefits of sun protection strategies such as chemical and physical barriers to reduce the likelihood of developing skin cancer.

Photodamage Effect of UV Rays on Skin on outdoor workers

Background: Skin is the outermost covering of the human body that serves as a barrier from extrinsic etiological challenges including physical, chemical and biological insults. Ultraviolet (UV)-B (280–320 nm) is the lead environmental agent responsible for causing skin pathologies, overexposure of ultraviolet radiation, particularly UV-B radiations, due to high energy and shorter wave length which are causes for most of the pathological states of skin. Skin cancers are classified into two main categories, non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cutaneous melanoma (CM). While melanoma originates through the transformation of melanocytes, NMSC arises from other epidermal cells, mainly keratinocytes, are subdivided into basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Skin cancers are considered to be one of the most preventable malignancies. By protecting the skin and limiting the amount of unprotected exposure to UVR, skin cancer risk can be decreased. Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical features of skin cancer and evaluate the harmful effects of excess UVR exposure on human skin. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional stud was conducted at the dermatology department in Baquba teaching hospital in Diyala, Iraq. A total of 100 patients were included, in the study, who attended the outpatient clinic of dermatology department of Baquba teaching hospital, from first of September 2020 to end May 2021. Results: A total of 100 patients diagnosed as skin cancer, were eligible for the study, aged between 30-80 years, The majority of them aged 41-50 years (39%), 50% of them were males and 50% were females, The majority of the patients, were laborer (31%), and 22% of them were housewives, Regarding residence, the majority of the patients (32%) lived in Kalar, and 27% resided in the Baquba, while just 3% from Mendeley, 83%percent of the patients, had white skin while just 17% of them had brown skin, and no one had black skin color, Regarding the affected site of the body, the face was the most common affected site of the body, found in (52%) of the patients. While face and neck were the most common affected site in 35% of the patients, and the least affected site was the face and hand found in 4% of the patients. Of the total patients, 99% were exposed to normal light while just 1% exposed to additional artificial light. Most of the patients (65%) said that they were exposed to the light over, all the season, while 24% of them were exposed to light just in summer, 8% and 3% of them were exposed in spring, summer and spring respectively. No one was exposed to light in autumn or winter, Just 4% of the patients had family history of skin cancer. There were 79% of the patients diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma; 14% had actinic keratosis, 5% had sun burn; and 2% had seborrheic keratosis. Regarding the patients with (BCC), most of the patients aged less than 70 years. Females were 50.6% of the patients with BCC, while males were 49.4%. The mean age of females was (53.6±12.9 years) was the same for males (53.6±11.6 years), females were affected by BCC in < 50 and ≥70 age group more than males, while males were affected more in 50-69 age group. Sixty-five percent of the patients had white skin while just 14% of them had brown skin. Regarding the affected site of the body, the face was the most common affected site of the body, found in (53.2%) of the patients, while face and neck were the most common affected site in 34.2% of the patients, and the least affected site was the face and hand found in 5.1% of the patients. Conclusion:Outdoor workers, especially those without protective measures, and in high altitude areas, are more liable to develop skin cancer especially basal cell carcinoma, so it is important to use sun-protective measures. Keywords: Photodamage, UV Rays ,Skin

Eyelid malignancies in young individuals: clinical peculiarities.

The incidence of malignant eyelid tumors is considerably increasing, even in young patients. The purpose of this study was to identify particularities in individuals under 40years of age affected by eyelid malignancies. Clinical charts of patients under 40years of age who underwent eyelid tumor excision from 2014 to 2020 in two reference centers, one in Brazil and one in the USA, were reviewed. Demographic and outcome measures included: age, gender, skin phototype, comorbidities, diagnosis, time until diagnosis, lesion location, recurrence and metastasis. In addition, associated characteristics, including chronic sun exposure, intentional tanning (outdoor or artificial), history of smoking, use of sunscreen, family history of skin cancer and exposure to pesticides or herbicides, were reviewed. A total of 24 malignant eyelid tumors from 17 patients were identified. Twelve (70.6%) patients were female, and the most prevalent tumor was basal cell carcinoma (62.5%). Three (17.6%) patients had xeroderma pigmentosum and presented with multiple lesions. Family history of skin cancer was reported by 47% of patients. Prolonged sun exposure was reported by 41.2%; history of smoking and intentional tanning were reported by 23.5 and 17.6%, respectively, and might have played a role in carcinogenesis. Although uncommon in young subjects, eyelid malignancies present some peculiarities in individuals under 40years of age. Our results suggest that women with family history of skin cancer and history of chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation are at risk. Association with genetic syndromes is also relevant among younger age groups.

Fotoeducação em Saúde

Skin cancer is the most frequent and predictable carcinoma of all, with a representative prevalence in Brazil, mainly due to the predominance of the tropical climate and the high incidence of solar radiation. In addition to excessive exposure to solar radiation, other factors can increase the risk of developing skin cancer, such as: light skin, eyes and hair; family history of skin cancer; immune system weakened by disease or use of photosensitizing drugs, which increase the absorption of ultraviolet light through the skin.

The Use of the Video, "Dear 16-Year-Old Me," as a Melanoma Education Tool in Ambulatory Dermatology.

Skin cancer continues to be the most common cancer in the United States. The rise of social media platforms and internet use offers an opportunity to present health information through video-based education. The video "Dear 16-Year-OldMe," addresses the risks associated with tanning and sun exposure, the importance of practicing sun protection, and shares stories from melanoma survivors. To evaluate the video "Dear 16-Year-Old Me," as a patient education tool in dermatology clinics and to investigate whether viewing a short educational video can change knowledge about skin cancer risks and intention to improve skin cancer prevention behavior. English-speaking clinic patients between the ages of 14 to 45 years old were recruited. Exclusion criteria include both a personal or family history of skin cancer, dysplastic nevi, or other medical comorbidities. Forty-five participants agreed to participate; 38 were eligible for analysis. Comparison of prevideo and postvideo responses demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in participants reporting they were likely to tan outdoors (p-value = .001). A significant increase was observed in the reported likelihood to have a professional skin examination (p-value < .001) or self-examination (p-value < .001) in the future. and Relevance: Viewing "Dear 16-Year-Old Me," resulted in reported participant changes in intention to tan outdoors and participate in skin surveillance. Although these are encouraging results, future studies with a comparison group are needed to elucidate whether these results correspond to changes in behavior. In the age of viral videos and readily accessible health information via the internet, continued investigation of video media on patient health behaviors should be pursued.

Epi-P-03 - Association between primary cutaneous lymphomas and other primary malignancies in patients’ personal or family history in Greek population; a retrospective single-center study

<h3>Background:</h3> Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCLs) consist of an heterogenous group of rare malignancies. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are the most common among them, with mycosis fungoides being the main representative. The etiology of PCLs is rather unknown; however, there are indications that genetic factors may play a role in CTCL developments [1]. Several studies have examined the incidence of second malignancies in patients with PCLs, as well as their family history of malignancies [2–4]. In our study we examine the association between PCLs and other primary malignancies in patients' personal or family history in Greek population. <h3>Methods:</h3> This retrospective study included 144 patients with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of PCL and 130 controls matched by gender and age (±4 years). All patients and controls completed a detailed questionnaire regarding sun exposure habits-including personal history of sunburns, use of photo-protective measures, use of sunbeds- exposure to ionizing radiation, smoking and alcohol consumption habits, detailed medical personal history (diseases, medication, other chronic skin conditions, personal history of malignancies, etc.) and family history (chronic skin conditions, malignancies). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using PASW Statistics v25 software. <h3>Results:</h3> Of the 144 patients included, 78 (54.2%) were males and 66 (45.8%) females (median age 57 years old) and among the 130 control subjects, 70 (53.8%) were males and 60 (46.2%) females (median age 61 years old). Analysis showed that family history of solid organ cancer is related to higher relative risk (OR 1.815) of CL development (p<0.05, 95% CI 1.11–2.95). The two types of solid organ tumors more highlighted were liver cancer (p=0.046) and stomach cancer (p=0.002). Family history of skin cancer as well as hematologic malignancies doesn't seem to affect the risk of CL in statistically significant way (p=0.247 and p=0.093 relatively) in our group. As far as the personal history of other primary malignancies is concerned, statistical analysis showed that there might be a correlation between other malignancies and primary cutaneous lymphomas (p<0.05). At this point we should notice the limitation that the number of patients and controls having a personal history of any type of cancer was small, but it consists a predictor. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> There are several studies analyzing the correlation of PCLs and second primary cancers. The results of our study showed an association of personal history of cancer with PCLs, as well as a correlation of family history of solid organ malignancy with a higher relative risk of cutaneous lymphoma development. No higher relative risk was detected in subjects with family history of hematologic malignancies. We believe that it is important to be aware of the personal and the family history of patients with PCL, as far as the malignancies are concerned, and try to early recognize possible second malignancies in these patients.

Difference in Sun Exposure Habits Between Individuals with High and Low Risk of Skin Cancer.

Skin cancer incidence is rapidly increasing. The main risk factor, sun exposure, can be modified. Informational campaigns can be effective in raising skin cancer awareness and target the high-risk population. Still, sun exposure habits in people at high risk of skin cancer are not well-known. To investigate if and how sun exposure habits differ between low-risk and high-risk individuals. During the Swedish Euromelanoma campaign of 2018, questionnaires were collected containing information regarding sun exposure habits and risk factors for skin cancer. Data on 4,141 participants was used to investigate the association between risk factors and sun exposure habits. A fair skin type and a previous history of skin cancer were significantly associated with enhanced sun protective behavior. Family history of skin cancer, childhood sunburns and the presence of large/atypical nevi had no effect on sun exposure habits. Going on sunny holidays were particularly unaffected by being at high risk of skin cancer. Individuals at high risk of developing skin cancer showed suboptimal sun exposure habits and harmful traveling behaviors. We suggest that future skin cancer campaigns inform on accurate sun protection behavior during sunny holidays and associated risk factors. Risk factors such as childhood sunburns, numerous common and large/atypical nevi, as well as family history of skin cancer seem to be less recognized by the population.

Melanoma detection by skin self-examination targeting at-risk women: A randomized controlled trial with telemedicine support for concerning moles

Secondary melanoma prevention remains crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality for the 200,000 people in the United States estimated to develop melanoma in 2021. This 3-month randomized controlled trial of online skin self-examination (SSE) education among 1000 at-risk women who received care at Northwestern Medicine in Illinois sought to determine SSE initiation and monthly performance, SSE anxiety and confidence, and health care practitioner (HCP) visits for concerning moles. Positive responses to a personal history of sunburn, a personal or family history of skin cancer, and/or having 10 or more lifetime indoor tanning sessions identified and informed women of their increased risk of melanoma. At one month, 96.2% of women receiving SSE education (SSE women) initiated SSE compared to 48.1% in the active control arm (control) (p < 0.001). More control women sought HCP visits (n = 107) than SSE women (n = 39). Control women seen by HCPs identified benign lesions, especially seborrheic keratosis, more often than SSE women. More atypical nevi (SSE 38.5%, control 8.4%) and melanomas (SSE 25.6%, control 4.7%) were visually identified by SSE women seeing HPCs (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in SSE anxiety between the control and SSE arms. Confidence increased significantly in the SSE arm whereas there was no change in the control group (p < 0.001). Women checked someone else for concerning moles [315/ 494 (63.8%) of SSE women]. Targeting at-risk women for SSE education may help reduce melanoma mortality, especially in rural communities where incidence and mortality are greater than in urban areas.

Skin cancer and sun protection practices in Fanconi anemia patients: A cross-sectional study

Skin cancer and sun protection practices in Fanconi anemia patients: A cross-sectional study

Disease risk scores for skin cancers

We trained and validated risk prediction models for the three major types of skin cancer— basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma—on a cross-sectional and longitudinal dataset of 210,000 consented research participants who responded to an online survey covering personal and family history of skin cancer, skin susceptibility, and UV exposure. We developed a primary disease risk score (DRS) that combined all 32 identified genetic and non-genetic risk factors. Top percentile DRS was associated with an up to 13-fold increase (odds ratio per standard deviation increase >2.5) in the risk of developing skin cancer relative to the middle DRS percentile. To derive lifetime risk trajectories for the three skin cancers, we developed a second and age independent disease score, called DRSA. Using incident cases, we demonstrated that DRSA could be used in early detection programs for identifying high risk asymptotic individuals, and predicting when they are likely to develop skin cancer. High DRSA scores were not only associated with earlier disease diagnosis (by up to 14 years), but also with more severe and recurrent forms of skin cancer.