Factor Family Research Articles

Global public concern of childhood and adolescence suicide: a new perspective and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era.

Suicide is the second leading cause of death in young people worldwide and is responsible for about 52,000 deaths annually in children and adolescents aged 5-19years. Familial, social, psychological, and behavioral factors play important roles in suicide risk. As traumatic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic may contribute to suicidal behaviors in young people, there is a need to understand the current status of suicide in adolescents, including its epidemiology, associated factors, the influence of the pandemic, and management initiatives. We investigated global and regional suicide mortality rates among children and adolescents aged 5-19years using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. The suicide mortality rates from 1990 to 2019 were examined in 204 countries and territories across six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Additionally, we utilized electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus, and employed various combinations of terms such as "suicide", "adolescents", "youth", "children", "risk factors", "COVID-19 pandemic", "prevention", and "intervention" to provide a narrative review on suicide within the pediatric population in the post-pandemic era. Despite the decreasing trend in the global suicide mortality rate from 1990 to 2019, it remains high. The mortality rates from suicide by firearms or any other specified means were both greater in males. Additionally, Southeast Asia had the highest suicide rate among the six WHO regions. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to contribute to suicide risk in young people; thus, there is still a strong need to revisit appropriate management for suicidal children and adolescents during the pandemic. The current narrative review integrates up-to-date knowledge on suicide epidemiology and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, risk factors, and intervention strategies. Although numerous studies have characterized trends in suicide among young people during the pre-pandemic era, further studies are required to investigate suicide during the pandemic and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era. It is necessary to identify effective prevention strategies targeting young people, particularly those at high risk, and successful treatment for individuals already manifesting suicidal behaviors. Care for suicidal children and adolescents should be improved with parental, school, community, and clinical involvement.

Self-Reported Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Biopsychosocial Risk Factors in Siblings of Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Conditions

ABSTRACT Siblings of individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) are situated within a complex system of risk and resilience factors for poor outcomes, many of which overlap with the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and correlate with poorer recovery trajectories. This study used Bayesian analyses to characterize and compare TBI and biopsychosocial risk factors among 632 siblings (207 NDC, 425 controls; mean age 20.54 years, range 10–30, 78.48% female). NDC siblings had a higher self-reported lifetime history of TBI compared to controls (14.98% versus 6.35%), with most reporting more than one TBI, and at an earlier age. TBI history was associated with psychiatric diagnoses and subclinical NDC features. Family and structural factors related to TBI included poorer parent-child relationship, NDC diagnoses of autism or fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, minority ethnicity, and lower income. Findings have implications for health literacy, TBI education and screening, and implementation of family support.

Clinical Intervention Strategies and Family Dynamics in Adolescent Eating Disorders: A Scoping Review for Enhancing Early Detection and Outcomes.

Background: This systematic review investigated the impact of familial factors on individuals aged 10-17 who have clinical signs or symptoms of eating disorders. Simultaneously, it scrutinized the involvement of the family in therapy, as well as other forms of intervention. Methods: The PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to search for research material comprehensively. After applying specific criteria, 46 articles were deemed suitable and included in the systematic review. The study comprised a cohort of 4794 adolescents who received a diagnosis of either Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), or Binge-Eating Disorder (BED). In addition, controls were utilized for 1187 adolescents, 1563 parents, 1809 siblings, and 11 other relatives. Results: The connection between family factors and eating disorders is primarily determined by the families' level of functioning, satisfaction with the family dynamic, parents' attitudes toward their children, and the role of food within the family system. Family Therapy was the most used psychotherapeutic approach in the treatment of AN. The incidence of reports in BN closely paralleled that of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) models. Articles about (Enhanced) CBT were exclusively associated with BED. Conclusions: Family-based approaches are crucial in comprehending, preventing, and addressing eating disorders in adolescents. Incorporating the study of family dynamics and actively engaging families in the treatment process can significantly enhance recovery rates and decrease the occurrence of relapses.

Saudi parents’ perspectives of the factors influencing the quality of life of their children with autism spectrum disorder

BackgroundResearch indicates that the deficits in social communication and the repetitive, restrictive behaviour of persons with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can pose challenges to their functioning in different Quality of Life (QoL) domains, leading to lower levels of life satisfaction. Evidence also indicates that various social and family factors, such as the support received in the community/environment and the composition of the family, could impact the QoL of persons with ASD. AimTo study the factors influencing the QoL of children with ASD in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) by investigating the perspectives of their parents. MethodQuestionnaires were completed by 110 parents who had a child with ASD. The questionnaire included the 96-item KidsLife-ASD scale to capture parents’ perspectives regarding the difficulties experienced by their child, the ASD support received by their families, and the QoL of the child. The data obtained from the questionnaire were statistically analysed using IBM SPSS software. ResultsThe difficulties experienced by children with ASD and aspects of the support (services and interventions, and challenges) they receive are factors that influence the QoL of children with ASD in the KSA. Moreover, the number of children in the family, the birth order of child with ASD, and the severity of ASD symptoms are factors that influence parents’ perceptions of their children’s difficulties, family ASD support, and the child’s QoL. ConclusionsSaudi parents who have one child with ASD believed that the QoL of their child was high and confirmed that the difficulties experienced by the child and the support received by the family were factors which influenced the QoL of a child with ASD.

Suicidal Risk Factors and Youth Population: A Study on Bangladeshi Urban and Rural areas Perspective.

Suicide is an urgent matter of public health that presents a substantial peril to young populations worldwide. This research aims to conduct a comprehensive overview of the risk factors linked with Suicide among the young population in Bangladesh. Understanding these risk factors could expand targeted prevention strategies and interventions to tackle the issue and endorse mental health. This study utilized quantitative research with a survey questionnaire design to collect data from 764 close family members who committed suicide. The data were randomly selected from Dhaka and Jhenaidah districts in Bangladesh. The study revealed that aged 23-25 years have a higher risk for Suicide, where females 62.96% are at higher risk than males 37.04%. The result finds a significant relationship between family and social environment risk factors. Further findings show that education, married status, family size, and monthly family income variables have various degrees of effect on suicide risk among young people based on their age. Despite the inherent limitations of national surveillance in this study, the research findings catalyze further investigation into delineating specific suicide risk factors. Such endeavors aim to mitigate suicidal behaviors and foster positive psychological development across the lifespan.

P-485 An exploration of psychological, emotional and social wellbeing among donor conceived young adults in the UK

Abstract Study question Do donor conceived young adults differ from those not donor conceived on key indicators of wellbeing? Summary answer In contrast to findings in childhood and adolescence, young adulthood may prove to be a challenging time for donor conceived individuals and influence their wellbeing. What is known already Although research has shown that the psychological adjustment of donor conceived children and adolescents generally does not differ to those conceived in more traditional circumstances, most studies have focussed on the family factors that are associated with an absence of adjustment problems amongst this population. Little research has explored social factors and broader definitions of wellbeing including positive wellbeing and life satisfaction. Further, few studies have focused on young adulthood; a time at which identity exploration is often heightened. Study design, size, duration Data were collected via an anonymous online survey between January and August 2022. The survey was designed in consultation with two community partners in the UK, the Donor Conception Network (DCN) and Donor Conceived Register Registrants’ Panel (DCRRP) and was piloted by donor conceived adults. Participants were recruited with assistance from the community partners and via social media and snowballing. All participants provided written consent to take part in the survey. Participants/materials, setting, methods 92 young adults (18-30 years-old) in the UK took part, of which 80% identified as female. 41 participants were donor conceived and 51 were not. The majority (78%) of donor conceived young adults were conceived by sperm donation. All participants were asked demographic information and completed standardised questionnaires of mental health, satisfaction with life, gratitude, mastery, collective self-esteem, identity confusion, and resilience. Adapted measures of stigma and pride were also administered to donor conceived participants. Main results and the role of chance Donor conceived participants reported less gratitude about their circumstances than participants who were not donor conceived, t(90) = 3.47, p<0.001, felt less control over their life and future, t(90)=-2.58, p=0.01, felt their social groups were not as central to their identity, t(90)=-2.81, p<0.01, reported lower general wellbeing, t(90)=-2.78, p<0.01, and lower satisfaction with life, t(73.81)=-3.59, p<0.001. No differences were found on measures of acceptance of identity or resilience. Among the donor conceived young adults, 18 (44%) reported that they felt they had always known they were donor conceived, whereas 23 (56%) could remember the point at which they were told (ranging from 9-27 years). Participants who reported having always known about being donor conceived had lower scores on the adapted stigma measure, t(39),=2.83, p<0.01, and higher scores on the adapted pride measure, t(39)=-2.68, p<0.05. Stigma was negatively correlated with general wellbeing, r(39)=-4.6, p < 0.01. Limitations, reasons for caution The relatively small sample was self-selected and partly recruited via support organisations for donor conceived people and lacked diversity regarding participant gender and donation type. Though the donor conceived young adults scored lower on wellbeing measures, the scores were close to population averages. The data is cross-sectional. Wider implications of the findings Findings suggest that greater support, which recognises and is tailored to the needs of donor conceived young adults, is needed. Such support resources should specifically consider findings relating to the relationship between disclosure and wellbeing, and stigma and wellbeing, for donor conceived people in young adulthood. Trial registration number Not applicable

Experiences and Cognitive Characteristics of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents With Depression: A Qualitative Study.

To elucidate the underlying motivations, experiential dimensions, and cognitive perceptions in adolescents with depression and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). A descriptive qualitative design was used. Participants were 18 Chinese adolescents with depression and NSSI. Conventional content analysis was used for data analysis. Three primary themes and 11 subthemes were identified: Triggers of NSSI (personal, family, school, and social factors); Experiencing Emotional Complexity in NSSI Implementation (mitigating psychological distress, awakening a sense of existential life, generating secondary negative emotions, stimulating reflections on life and death); and Perceptions and Understandings of NSSI are Diverse (NSSI as a form of seeking validation or approval, an addictive behavior, a means to attain a sense of control, and unacceptable behavior). Although nursing staff should provide comprehensive treatment and psychological support, efforts should also be made to strengthen caregiving skills of family members, thereby promoting overall physical and mental health of adolescents. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(x), xx-xx.].

O-315 Familial endocrine disease increases the risk of pregnancy loss and recurrent pregnancy loss– a nationwide register-based study of 366,548 Danish women

Abstract Study question Is endocrine disease and pregnancy loss associated, and can the association be due to inherited genetic causes? Summary answer Endocrine disease is associated with an increasing number of pregnancy losses. Endocrine disease in parents and siblings increases a woman’s risk of pregnancy loss. What is known already One in four pregnancies results in a pregnancy loss, but only 60% hereof are due to detectable chromosome abnormalities. The remaining 40% are suspected to be caused by other factors such as maternal comorbidity. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as 2 or 3 consecutive losses and affects 1-3% of couples trying to conceive. Pregnancy loss has been associated with endocrine diseases, e.g., thyroid disease, diabetes, or PCOS. Furthermore, thyroid autoimmunity has been associated with RPL. It is unknown if other endocrine diseases are associated with RPL. To date, there is no evidence for a genetic basis of the risk. Study design, size, duration Danish nationwide cohort study including data from the Danish National Health Registers on ICD-8/ICD-10 diagnosis codes, all pregnancy outcomes and redeemed medicine prescriptions. Endocrine disease was defined as any endocrine disease (e.g., diabetes, thyroid disease, PCOS etc.). The study included in total 366,548 women, including 54,394 women with endocrine disease and 312,154 without endocrine diseases. The study included data from 1973 to 2022. Linkage to parent and siblings was available through the Multi-Generation Registry Lite. Participants/materials, setting, methods The cohort consisted of women born between 1977-1993 with ≥1 pregnancy. The exposure was endocrine disease. Logistic regression models adjusted for birth year provided odds ratios (ORs) for endocrine diseases according to number of pregnancy losses. Parent-offspring and sibling regression provided estimates for familial aggregation, assessing the degree of resemblance between relatives to infer the potential influence of shared familial factors. The variance-covariance matrix was adjusted using the Huber-White method to account for familial clustering. Main results and the role of chance We found a significant association between endocrine disease and pregnancy loss increasing with the number of pregnancy losses; OR and 95%CI for one loss 1.15 (1.12-1.17), two losses 1.31 (1.24-1.38) and ≥ three losses 1.81 (1.70-1.93). Further, endocrine disease was associated with RPL (OR 1.87, (1.74-2.00)). The association was strongest with primary RPL (OR 2.13 (1.94-2.35)), compared to secondary RPL (OR 1.58 (1.42-1.76)). In cases where either of a woman’s parents was diagnosed with an endocrine disease, she also had a higher risk of pregnancy loss (OR 1.06 (1.04–1.08)) and RPL (OR 1.07 (1.01–1.14)), compared to a woman with parents without endocrine disease. If a woman’s sibling had an endocrine disease, the OR for pregnancy loss was 1.07 (1.03–1.11) and RPL 1.17 (1.03–1.33). Further stratification into individual endocrine phenotypes revealed that type 2 diabetes conferred a comparable risk: for offspring of parents with this condition, the risk of pregnancy loss increased to an OR of 1.08 (1.06–1.11), and for siblings, the OR was 1.13 (1.02–1.25). This effect persisted even when adjusting for the disease in the individual experiencing the loss. Limitations, reasons for caution Very early pregnancy losses are often not handled at the hospital and therefore not part of the Danish registers. Thus, there is a risk of underdiagnosed pregnancy losses, although this would be the case for both the exposed and control cohort. Wider implications of the findings Women with RPL should be investigated for endocrine disease, and family history of endocrine disease is an important and novel risk factor that should guide the diagnostic work-up. Identifying the shared mechanism or pleiotropic effects between pregnancy loss and endocrine disease should be a focus area. Trial registration number Research related to this project was supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (ID: NNF22OC0077221, NNF23OC0087269) and the William Demant Foundation (salary for Pia Egerup).

Determinants of Disordered Eating Behaviours (DEBs) among Adolescent Female School Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study.

The risk of DEB is more prevalent in girls, particularly during adolescence. The onset of DEB can be triggered by many inter-related factors, including biological, social, parental, and psychosocial. To date, very little is known about the determinants of DEBs in Saudi adolescent girls. Using a qualitative analysis, this study explored potential determinants of DEB among adolescent girls in Riyadh. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were carried out with adolescent girls (mean age = 14.06, SD = 0.87) who reported a high risk of DEB (EAT-26 ≥ 20) in intermediate and secondary schools in Riyadh. The mean weight was 51 kg (SD = 11.8) with BMI ranging from 14.18 kg/m2 to 27.51 kg/m2. EAT-26 scores ranged from 21 to 42 (M = 26.8, SD = 5.6). Data were transcribed and revised, then themes and sub-themes were assigned using MAXQDA 24. The most common DEBs reported were dieting and binging, followed by induced vomiting. Major themes were related to negative cognitions, conscious imitation/copying behaviours, bullying, comparisons, and negative comments. Some participants identified the possibility of biological and familial factors in increasing the likelihood of DEB. Our findings provide a framework that could be used to increase understanding of DEB and inform the development of interventions to address underlying causes of DEB in Saudi adolescent girls.

RELAPSE PENYALAHGUNAAN DADAH DALAM KALANGAN BEKAS BANDUAN DIBAWAH PENGAWASAN PDRM [RELAPSE OF DRUG ABUSE AMONG EX -PRISONERS UNDER PDRM SUPERVISION

Drug relapse behavior among ex-convicts is driven and influenced by many factors. The main purpose of this study is to identify the main factors that lead to drug relapse behavior among ex-prisoners and also the effectiveness of punishment given to ex-helpers to prevent them from engaging in drug relapse behavior. Through this study, there are five main factors that are the focus of the study such as peer factors, family factors, the effect of punishment, the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs and also community education. The implementation of this study is using a quantitative approach where group interviews and individual interviews are used as the main method to collect data and information from the study respondents who consist of 8 inmates in three prisons in Kedah, namely Yan Prison, Sik Prison and Kuala Kedah Prison. All the respondents of this study are Indian juvenile prisoners aged in their 20s and ex-prisoners who are still under the supervision of the PDRM.

Work–life balance among higher-education professionals in Hong Kong and Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global workforce, including higher-education professionals, experienced substantial changes in their working conditions. Responding to the crisis, universities swiftly adapted their operational modes, thus inevitably impacting the work–life balance (WLB) of their staff. This study examines the WLB factors and their outcomes for higher-education staff, among both teaching and non-teaching staff, in Hong Kong and Thailand, during the initial stages of the pandemic through the lens of the job demands and resources model (JD-R model). The results of 1800 questionnaires completed by respondents from government-funded universities in both locations revealed a significant difference in the WLB between the two cases, with the Hong Kong respondents reporting lower levels of WLB compared with their Thai counterparts. The Hong Kong teaching staff exhibited a higher utilization of family-friendly policies (FFPs), whereas the non-teaching staff reported significantly lower levels of both policy utilization and overall WLB. The results also revealed significant differences in terms of how work, family, and personal-resource and demand factors were correlated to the WLB outcomes. This study advocates for tailored adjustments in university policies, basing the policies on the specific staff category and emphasizing the need for targeted support. In the Hong Kong context, attention should be directed toward enhancing WLB and FFP utilization among non-teaching staff. In contrast, in Thailand, a focus on refining the policies to better support the WLB of teaching staff is recommended.

Pengaruh Eksistensi Ekstrakurikuler Tahfidz terhadap Kecerdasan Intelektual Peserta Didik Kelas VI MI Muhammadiyah Ngadirejan

The existence of extracurricular tahfidz is a way for humans to express themselves or the potential that exists within them, so that their existence can be useful or meaningful through activities outside of lessons in order to help students develop their potential according to their interests and talents, one of which is extracurricular tahfidz (memorization). Problems that are often faced in extracurricular tahfidz are family factors, students' ability to read and memorize the Koran. This research aims to determine the extent of the influence of the existence of tahfidz extracurriculars on the intellectual intelligence of class VI students at MI Muhammadiyah Ngadirejan. This research is verification research with a quantitative approach. This research used a limited population, namely all MI Muhammadiyah Ngadirejan students with a total of 167 students. The sample used was class VI with a total of 30 students. The sampling technique is using random sampling (simple random sampling). Data collection techniques use questionnaires, interviews and observation. Instrument development uses validity and reliability tests. The data analysis technique in this research uses the classic assumption test and simple regression test and to answer the hypothesis uses the T test. Based on the research data analysis using the T test, the significance value of the influence of the existence of extracurricular tahfidz (X) on intellectual intelligence (Y) is 0.006 < 0, 05 and the calculated t value is 2.965 > t table value 2.048. This shows that the existence of extracurricular tahfidz has a partial influence on intellectual intelligence. And based on the coefficient of determination of extracurricular existence, Tahfidz has an influence on intellectual intelligence of 24% and the remaining 86% is influenced by other variables.

Beyond Survival: Understanding Resilience in Adolescents Facing Family Violence

We spoke to Prof. Dr. Wassilis Kassis about his pioneering research project, “Understanding the Resilience Pathways of Adolescent Students with Experience of Physical Family Violence.” This study examines how exposure to physical abuse affects adolescents’ resilience, focusing on the interplay of individual, family, and school factors.

Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Medication Error (ME) in Hospital Pediatrics Unit: Literature Review

Introduction: Medication errors do not only occur in adult patients, but can also occur in pediatric patients. Systematic preventive measures are needed to prevent the occurrence of Medication errors in children. This is because pediatric patients have a weaker body than adult patients so that the negative impact of Medication errors will also have a greater effect on pediatric patients than on adult patients. Therefore, it is necessary to identify what factors can lead to the occurrence of Medication errors so that organizational leaders or related parties can determine what intervention actions can be taken to prevent the adverse effects of Medication errors for pediatric patients in hospitals. Objective: The aim of this literature review is to analyze and determine what factors influence the occurrence of medication errors in hospitals, especially in the pediatrics unit. Method: Article searches were conducted through several databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords "Factor" AND "Medication errors" AND "Pediatrics" AND "Hospital". The total number of articles found was 259 articles, but only 14 articles were relevant to the topic raised. Result: The study was conducted in 24 hospitals in thirteen countries where each of these hospital has several factors that can cause medication errors in pediatric services with the most common factor being the lack of adherence of health workers to procedures or guidelines for drug administration to patients. Conclusion: Medication errors that occur in hospital pediatric services are influenced by 3 factors, namely health human resource factors, patient family factors, and environmental factors.

Assessment of work-life balance among married female healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital of Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: In the present century, women seem to flood into every industry/department on par with men with their knowledge and skill. The working woman’s job title, demands, and challenges she faces often result in incompatibilities between the necessities felt at the workplace and home leading to conflicts and loss of work-life balance (WLB). Eventually, a work-life balance is said to exist if the workplace and non-work domains have a proper compatibility. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study has been conducted among married female healthcare workers in the tertiary care hospital during the period November 2022 to April 2023. The healthcare workers included were Doctors, Nurses, Pharmacy staff, and lab technicians. A sample size 318 was derived and samples were drawn by stratified random sampling method. The chi-square test was employed to find an association in IBM SPSS v21. Results: Only 28.3% of the healthcare workers had adequate work-life balance and the majority (66 %) cited family factors as the key factor influencing their work-life balance. Statistically significant association (p<0.05) has been established for characteristics like occupation, marital status, type of family, presence of children, type of duty, place of work and travel time. Conclusion: A series of focus group discussions can be conducted as it serves as a forum for sharing ideas, concerns and information on work-life balance. Institutions can support their staff by developing flexible working schedules and also by ensuring that workplace demands are not penetrating their personal life.

Family Factors Associated With Delinquency Outcomes in Court-Involved Youth in Mental Health Treatment

Family Factors Associated With Delinquency Outcomes in Court-Involved Youth in Mental Health Treatment

Influence of lecturer, family, and personal will on primary school students' perceptions in learning English

The study of students' perceptions of learning English is most interesting to researchers, especially in the context of lower-secondary school students. The purpose of the study was to understand the level of students' perception of learning English, to compare the level of students' perception of learning English between students studying in schools in provincial towns and rural areas, and to understand the main factors influencing students' perception of learning English. The study used a sample of 380 students studying at the lower-secondary level in two public schools in Banteay Meanchey province. Samples were selected using a multi-stage sampling method. This research is a quantitative study using the correlational approach. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire in the form of a five-level Likert scale. Data analysis used frequency analysis, percentage analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS v26 software. The results showed that students in public lower-secondary schools had a high level of positive perception of learning English. The comparison of the perception of learning English showed that the lower-secondary school students in the provincial town had a higher score in the perception of learning English than the students who studied at lower-secondary schools in rural areas. However, the students had the same high level of perception when learning English. The main factors influencing English language learning perception included students’ personal will, family factors, and teacher factors, with standardized coefficients of 0.298, 0.147, and 0.196, respectively. In conclusion, students have a high perception of learning English, whether students in rural or urban areas. Family factors, teacher factors, and students’ personal will be able to explain 29.60% of the variance in their perception of English learning. Learning English is very important for students studying at the lower-secondary level, and to promote students' perception of learning English, the school management team and parents should pay attention, as important as, to family factors, teacher factors, and students’ personal will.

SINERGISITAS GURU PAI DAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENANAMAN MORAL PESERTA DIDIK DI SMP ASY-SYIFA DARUSSALAM ABUNG JAYO LAMPUNG UTARA

ABSTRACTAll humans certainly need education for their survival, because all aspects of life will require insight gained from education. The existence of education can guarantee the development and survival of the Indonesian nation. Therefore, the commitment and responsibility of those responsible for education must be increased. And it is no less important that a person's position can determine the success of the educational institution he leads, especially in relation to the role of the school principal and the teacher council and parents in ensuring the smooth running of the teaching and learning process.This research aims to: 1) Find out the synergy of PAI teachers and parents in cultivating students' morals at Asy-Syifa Darussalam Abung Jayo Middle School, North Lampung; 2) Knowing the supporting and inhibiting factors for the synergy of Islamic Religious Education Teachers and parents in cultivating students' morals at Asy-Syifa Darussalam Abung Jayo Middle School, North Lampung. This type of research is descriptive qualitative where the results of data obtained in the field are explained in the form of sentence descriptions, with the research object being Islamic Religious Education teachers and parents, as well as students at Asy-Syifa Darussalam Abung Jayo Middle School, North Lampung. In collecting data, three methods were used, namely interviews and observation as the main method, then documentation as a supporting method to complete the data that the researcher did not obtain through interviews and observation.The results of this research show that; 1) The synergy of teachers and parents in instilling moral discipline and politeness in students at Asy-Syifa Darussalam Abung Jayo Middle School, namely through Tahfidz activities and discipline sheets. In the discipline sheet there are two discipline values, the first is discipline at home and discipline at school; 2) Factors that influence the synergy of PAI teachers and parents in instilling the morals of students at Asy-Syifa Darussalam Abung Jayo Middle School, North Lampung. There are two influencing factors, namely: a) Supporting factors for the synergy of PAI teachers and parents in instilling the morals of participants. students at Asy-Syifa Darussalam Abung Jayo Middle School, North Lampung, namely Consistency in Education, Attitude of parents in the family, Understanding and practicing the religion they adhere to, Consistent attitude of parents in implementing norms. family factor, if the family factor understands religion and educates their children well and instills good moral values then it will be easy for teachers to instill good morals and as parents the same goes for parents; b) The inhibiting factor is from the parents themselves, by educating them by giving a good example, the child will easily be instilled with good morals, the second is the environment, if the environment is good then the child will more easily be instilled with good values, habits, such as if he makes a mistake in advise but just stay silent and sulk.. Keywords: Synergy, Moral Cultivation

Analysis Of Factors Causing Sexual Deviance (Lesbian) In Adolescents In The Coastal Region Of Southeast Sulawesi

Background: Adolescence is a transitional phase that causes a lot of turmoil both positive and negative. One of the developmental tasks of adolescence is being able to accept and understand their sexual role. Teenagers begin to understand and have sexual attraction to the opposite sex. However, the fact is that there are many deviations in adolescence, one of which is the tendency to like the same sex and not be sexually attracted to the opposite sex. Of course, there are many factors behind this condition. This study aims to analyze the various factors that cause the emergence of sexual deviation (lesbi) in female adolescents. Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The participants involved in this study were 3 female adolescents with sexual deviation (Lesbian). The data collection techniques used were observation and in-depth interviews. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative and then continued with data triangulation. Results: This research resulted in 4 main factors for the emergence of sexual deviant behavior (Lesbi) including: 1) Environmental factors 2) Psychological factors (trauma); 3) Family factors; 4). Curiosity; Conclusions: sexual deviant behavior (lesbi) appears with a variety of factors and backgrounds. So it is very necessary for special handling and prevention so that this behavior does not spread widely and become a destroyer of future generations.

Effect of Family, School, Environment and Personality Factors on Career Awareness and Preference of Secondary School Students in Niger State

Effect of Family, School, Environment and Personality Factors on Career Awareness and Preference of Secondary School Students in Niger State