Family Attendance Research Articles

Factors Affecting Completeness Basic Immunization Village District of North Krembangan

ABSTRACTEach state issues have particular regard to infectious diseases, many ways to eradication of infectious diseases, one of them with the basic immunization. This study was conducted to determine the factors that affect the completeness of the basic immunization in infants or toddlers in the District of North Kembangan Village of Surabaya as PD3I disease prevention. The design used a case-control (case control) by the number of sample cases as much as 22 respondents and the amount of control by 44 respondents. Research subjects are taken by simple random sampling. Dependent variable of this study is the age of the respondent, education level, income level, employment status, knowledge about immunization, traditions and beliefs, as well as family support, attendance officer, location and attitude of staff immunization. The results showed the influence of tradition on the completeness of immunization (p = 0.015) and family support (p = 0.001). Completeness of primary immunization in infants as efforts to prevent PD3I disease affected family tradition that used to immunize baby or toddler in a baby or toddler will likely get a complete immunization and family who support immunization infant or toddler chance to get a complete immunization. For that we need a health promotion approach to the public in order to change the traditions that are not used to immunize a support for immunization and to give sense to the decision makers benefit families that immunization in infants or toddler. Keywords: immunization status, family tradition, family support

Abordagem Motivacional para familiar de usuário de drogas por telefone: um estudo de caso

Motivational interviewing, a collaborative intervention that stimulates the reasons to change, can be used to help family members of drug users to drive transformation in their interaction with the user. Families of drug users may develop maladaptive strategies for managing this problem, which is known as codependency. Thus, family members need to receive intervention, as they may get sick due to the conflicts arising from this interaction. The goal was to present a model of brief motivational intervention by telephone to the user’s family. We conducted a case study of a telemedicine service. The instruments used were: family attendance protocol, Contemplation Ladder and Holyoake Codependency Index. Bethany, 46 years, called to get help for her husband, an alcohol and crack user. After 6 months, Bethany was able to realize her personal needs and the consequences of her change in the dynamics of addiction. The user’s wife reduced codependency and modified permissive behavior. Telemedicine services and brief motivational interventions can promote behavioral changes in families that need attention and care in an accessible and comprehensive way.Key words: codependency, motivational interviewing, telephone.

Does mobilisation increase family engagement with an early childhood intervention programme? A randomised controlled trial

In this article we compare the effect of two methods of mobilisation – doorstep canvassing and postal appeals – on family attendance at early childhood Sure Start centres in England with a sample of 3,444 families. Families who were not already using Sure Start services were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a visit from an outreach worker providing information and encouragement; receipt of a leaflet about Sure Start; and a control group that received the usual service. We found no evidence of a significant difference in Sure Start attendance between the three groups: neither visits nor leaflets were effective in encouraging non-attenders to go to Sure Start.

The rhetoric of women and children's rights in Indian psychiatry

Despite heavy patient caseloads and limited resources, psychiatric professionals of North Indian public teaching hospitals aspire to deliver psychosocial interventions along with pharmaceutical or biologic treatments. However, significant obstacles stand in the way of the success of these interventions. This paper discusses how the relative social and political status differences between elite professionals and their non-elite patients and patients’ families render problematic many of the psychosocial interventions employed. Data were collected in the form of observations of practitioner-patient-family attendant interactions at the Outpatient Department, and interviews with patients, patients’ family members, and psychiatric professionals at the Inpatient Department 2001–2004. Analysis found that many of the professionals’ verbal interventions attempted to promote egalitarian styles of communication and relating among patients’ family members. Psychiatrists perceived mental health problems as stemming from structural violence inherent in the North Indian institution of the family, which they described as organized hierarchically according to gender, age, and generation. One strategy evident in interventions deployed ‘traditional’ values, beliefs, and maxims irreverently in an attempt to re-order or level hierarchical differences. Another strategy invoked the concept of individual rights in an effort to empower weaker family members and enlighten powerful members regarding the destructive impact of relational styles predicated on inequality. Unfortunately, the professionals experienced their psychosocial interventions as unsuccessful. The paper suggests that rigid interactional norms across class statuses, an emphasis on liberal individual rights versus community rights, and a harsh exhortative style, contributed to the sense that the interventions alienated non-elite patients and family attendants.

What Determines Young People's Engagement with Performing Arts Events?

This survey-based cross-sectional investigation explores the socio-demographic, school and student, extracurricular, and family factors associated with Australian high school-aged adolescents’ attendance at live theater, music, and dance events (receptive arts participation) outside of school. Hierarchical multiple linear regression showed that gender, age, and socio-economic status were associated with attendance at performing arts events. Attendance was also linked to theater visits with the school and current study in the performing arts. Out-of-school correlates were involvement in a drama group/class, family attendance at live performances, and sporting attendance. Finally, multilevel modeling indicated that the bulk of variance in attendance patterns resided at the student/residual level rather than school level. Findings hold implications for schools, education systems, and arts-based organizations as they seek to enhance high school-aged adolescents’ development and engagement with the performing arts.

Does Mobilization Increase Family Engagement with an Early Childhood Intervention Program? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Research indicates that both doorstep canvassing and postal appeals can be effective in encouraging people to vote although less is known about whether mobilization increases engagement with public services. We compare the effect of two different methods of mobilization – doorstep canvassing and leaflets – on family attendance at early childhood ‘Sure Start’ centres with a sample of 3,444 families. Families who were not already using Sure Start services were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a visit from a Sure Start outreach worker providing information and encouragement; a leaflet about Sure Start; a control group that received the usual service. We found no evidence of a significant difference in Sure Start attendance between the three groups: neither visits nor leaflets were effective in encouraging non-attenders to go to Sure Start.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keluarga Sadar Gizi

is a family who knows the problems of nutrition and is able to prevent and overcome the problems ofmalnutrition in each family member. The family is called Kadarzi if it has applied good nutrition behaviourcontinuously. The development of is influenced by many factors. The purpose of this research is toinvestigate the relationship of various factors including the quality of posyandu, maternal education level, familyincome level, family attendance routines and the distance to posyandu with Kadarzi. Indicators that are used inthe Kadarzi are exclusive breastfeeding, food diversity, use of iodized salt and the use of nutritionalsupplements. The study design was Cross Sectional, samples are families who have children under five with atotal sample of 410 families.The results showed that from the sample size of 79 posyandu, there are 38 posyandu (48,1%) have poorquality. Most mothers have completed primary school education level (59,0%). The Average family income is600.000 rupiahs. There are still 10,2% under five years old who are not routinely weighed at posyandu. TheAverage distance of the family to posyandu is 100 meters, but there are as many as 40,5% greater than thedistance. Judging from the quality of Kadarzi, as many as 39,8% are classified as poor. From the statistical testresult it is proven that family attendance routines to the posyandu has a significant relationship with Kadarzi(p<0,05). The logistic Regression test results showed that the family attendance routine to the posyandu is themost dominant factor formation of Kadarzi. To raise the awareness of families about nutrition, posyandu can be ameans to perform counseling and consultation of nutrition in the family. To increase the knowledge and skills ofcadres, the training cadre of requires great attention.

Delays in recognition of and Care-seeking response to prolonged labor in Bangladesh

Maternal death, in which prolonged labor is the third leading cause, accounts for 20% of deaths among women in Bangladesh. This study describes the process of recognition and response to symptoms during potential prolonged labor among 17 women in three sites in Bangladesh. In October–December 2008, integrated illness history interviews were conducted with women and confirmed and/or supplemented by family and/or birth attendants present during labor. Interviews elicited participants’ recognition of symptoms and care-seeking reactions and recorded responses in time-by-event matrices. Interviews were conducted in Bangla, recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. The most frequent and usually first action was to seek care from untrained attendants at home, then from professional attendants outside the home. Care-seeking outside the home occurred a median of 19 h after perceived labor onset. Delays in care-seeking arose for reasons related to: (1) confusion over the onset of labor, (2) power processes inhibiting women’s disclosure of labor symptoms, (3) the practice of “waiting for delivery,” and (4) preferences for home delivery. Strategies to encourage lay recognition of and response to prolonged labor should consider women’s misinterpretation and non-disclosure of labor pain, health beliefs surrounding the labor process, and fears of medical intervention.

Factors Associated with Nasal Colonization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Healthy Children in Taiwan

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been identified as a major cause of community-associated (CA) S. aureus infections in the past decade. The main reservoir in the community for MRSA and the factors contributing to its worldwide spread remain poorly defined. Between July 2005 and June 2008, a total of 6,057 healthy children 2 to 60 months of age were screened for carriage of S. aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae in Taiwan. The prevalence and epidemiological factors influencing MRSA carriage were determined. MRSA strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and underwent molecular characterization. The overall prevalences of MRSA and S. aureus carriage were 7.8% and 23.2%, respectively. A majority (88%) of MRSA isolates belonged to a common Asian-Pacific CA-MRSA lineage, multilocus sequence type 59, and were resistant to multiple non-beta-lactam antibiotics. The carriage rate of MRSA was higher among subjects 2 to 6 months old (P < 0.0001), residing in northern Taiwan (P = 0.0003), and enrolled later in the study (P < 0.0001). MRSA colonization was associated with the number of children in the family (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.114; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002 to 1.240; P = 0.0463) and day care attendance (aOR, 1.530; 95% CI, 1.201 to 1.949; P = 0.0006). Breast feeding (P < 0.0001) and colonization with S. pneumoniae (P = 0.0170) were protective against MRSA colonization. We concluded that epidemic CA-MRSA strains increasingly colonized Taiwanese children between 2005 and 2008. The carriage rate varied significantly across different demographical features. Crowding was an independent environmental risk factor that might accelerate CA-MRSA transmission in the community.

Communication in Critical Care: Family Rounds in the Intensive Care Unit

Communication with family members of patients in intensive care units is challenging and fraught with dissatisfaction. We hypothesized that family attendance at structured interdisciplinary family rounds would enhance communication and facilitate end-of-life planning (when appropriate). The study was conducted in the 26-bed medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care, academic medical center from April through October 2006. Starting in July 2006, families were invited to attend daily interdisciplinary rounds where the medical team discussed the plan for care. Family members were surveyed at least 1 month after the patient's stay in the unit, completing the validated "Family Satisfaction in the ICU" tool before and after implementation of family rounds. Of 227 patients enrolled, 187 patients survived and 40 died. Among families of survivors, participation in family rounds was associated with higher family satisfaction regarding frequency of communication with physicians (P = .004) and support during decision making (P = .005). Participation decreased satisfaction regarding time for decision making (P = .02). Overall satisfaction scores did not differ between families who attended rounds and families who did not. For families of patients who died, participation in family rounds did not significantly change satisfaction. In the context of this pilot study of family rounds, certain elements of satisfaction were improved, but not overall satisfaction. The findings indicate that structured interdisciplinary family rounds can improve some families' satisfaction, whereas some families feel rushed to make decisions. More work is needed to optimize communication between staff in the intensive care unit and patients' families, families' comprehension, and the effects on staff workload.

Use of Small Incentives for Increasing Participation and Reducing Dropout in a Family Drug-Use Prevention Program in a Spanish Sample

Poor participation rates represent one of the most serious problems facing family-based drug-use prevention programs. Strategies involving incentives have been used to increase recruitment and retention of the target population of such interventions, but in Spain, such strategies for modifying behavior are unusual. The goal of the research was to study the use of small financial incentives (€10 voucher) as a strategy to increase attendance and reduce dropout in a family drug-prevention program applied in the school context. Participants were 211 pupils (aged 12–13) and their parents. The results show that small financial incentives can be useful to increase the attendance of families in prevention programs and to reduce dropout.

Cultural adaptation of birthing services in rural Ayacucho, Peru

Maternal mortality is particularly high among poor, indigenous women in rural Peru, and the use of facility care is low, partly due to cultural insensitivities of the health care system. A culturally appropriate delivery care model was developed in poor and isolated rural communities, and implemented between 1999 and 2001 in cooperation with the Quechua indigenous communities and health professionals. Data on birth location and attendance in one health centre have been collected up to 2007. The international nongovernmental organization, Health Unlimited, and its Peruvian partner organization, Salud Sín Límites Perú, conducted the project in Santillana district in Ayacucho. The model involves features such as a rope and bench for vertical delivery position, inclusion of family and traditional birth attendants in the delivery process and use of the Quechua language. The proportion of births delivered in the health facility increased from 6% in 1999 to 83% in 2007 with high satisfaction levels. Implementing a model of skilled delivery attendance that integrates modern medical and traditional Andean elements is feasible and sustainable. Indigenous women with little formal education do use delivery services if their needs are met. This contradicts common victim-blaming attitudes that ascribe high levels of home births to 'cultural preferences' or 'ignorance'.

Condutas terapêuticas de atenção às famílias da população infantojuvenil atendida nos centros de atenção psicossocial infantojuvenis (CAPSI) do estado de São Paulo

Os Centros de Atenção Psicossociais Infantojuvenis (CAPSi) são elementos estratégicos da atenção pública em saúde mental ofertado para população infantojuvenil com sofrimento psíquico intenso e persistente. São articulados numa rede de atenção que extrapola o campo da saúde e interage com os recursos do território de determinada comunidade para promover inclusão social de crianças e adolescentes e conta para tanto também com a co-responsabilização das famílias, escolas e outros setores sociais. No rol de suas condutas terapêuticas há espaço reservado para o atendimento de familiares quando essa medida for necessária para aquela dirigida à clientela em foco. OBJETIVO: identificar condutas terapêuticas oferecidas às famílias de crianças e adolescentes atendidos nos CAPSi. MÉTODO: estudo transversal em crianças e adolescentes provenientes dos prontuários ativos, selecionados aleatoriamente, de 19 CAPSi do Estado de São Paulo no período de setembro de 2008 a fevereiro de 2009. A análise descritiva foi apresentada por meio de tabelas de número e porcentagem. RESULTADOS: a mãe se revelou a principal cuidadora dessa população fora dos serviços. Contudo, há de se destacar a importante ausência de registros de atendimento ou propostas realizadas às famílias. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: a principal conduta indicada para as famílias são os atendimentos grupais, as famílias têm sido pouco privilegiadas nas condutas terapêuticas dentro dos projetos terapêuticos da população atendida. As falhas de registro nos prontuários pesquisados podem ser uma limitação do estudo. As ações são preponderantemente institucionais e as ofertas extramuros são raríssimas.

Focus Group Study of Ethnically Diverse Low-Income Users of Paid Personal Assistance Services

This study examined the experiences of ethnically diverse, low-income consumers of paid personal assistance services (PAS) to understand the successes and problems they faced setting up and maintaining their assistance. A thematic analysis was conducted with transcripts from eight focus groups of ethnically homogeneous consumers (n = 67): African American, Latino, Chinese, Native American, and non-Hispanic white. These experienced consumers were generally satisfied with their current PAS but noted significant difficulties: Getting access to appropriate care, obtaining enough paid care to avoid unmet need, and dealing with confusing bureaucracies and cultural differences between them and agency staff/attendants. They desired more control over their care, including the use of paid family attendants when possible. Respondents recommended improved screening and training of attendants, more attendant time, higher wages for attendants, improved cultural sensitivity of attendants and agency staff, and greater consumer control over PAS. Although these low-income PAS consumers are ethnically and geographically diverse, the similarity of findings points to their ongoing struggle to access adequate high quality assistance. The burden they have in obtaining and maintaining services is substantial.

Students' assessment of family functionality and attendance of religious instruction in school

The goal of the research presented in this paper was to study the relations between students' estimation of the real and desired state of family functionality and attendance of religious instruction in school. The results obtained on the sample of 421 secondary school students of the third grade, who opted for attending religious instruction at the beginning of this level of schooling (263 students) or for attending the alternative elective subject - civic education (158 students). For assessing relevant dimensions of the real and desired state of family system functionality, the standardized instruments were used - FACES III (cohesion and flexibility of the family) and F-COPES (strategies of family's overcoming of problems). For collecting data on sociodemographic characteristics of respondents and their families, as well as the assessment of effects of attending religious instruction on the family, we used the Student Questionnaire, constructed for the purposes of this research. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, we reached the conclusion that in certain aspects there are differences in students' assessment of the real and desired state of family functionality, depending on the elective subject they attend, as well as that it can be stated with great probability that some of the measured family characteristics are significantly correlated with the effects of religious instruction on students and their family as a whole.

The examination of the thoughts of primary school inspectors, the directors of the school giving preschool education and preschool teachers about preschool education programme implemented in 2006 (The sample of city Ordu)

This investigation has been carried out for the aim of determining the thoughts of the primary education inspectors, the directors and teachers of the institutions giving preschool education about the Preschool Education Programme prepared for the children between 36-72 months old which was put into effect in 2006 by Ministry of Education. 29 primary education inspectors, 38 directors of the institutions giving preschool education and 114 preschool teachers have formed the target population of the study.The investigation data was collected by means of questionnaires’ prepared for primary school inspectors, the directors of the institutions of giving preschool education and the preschool teacher's separately. In the analysis of the collected data, the statistics of range of frequency and percentage, arithmetic average and chi square test were used.The answers of the primary education inspectors, the directors of the institutions of giving preschool education and the preschool teachers have not been taken into consideration, for they could not be able to give healthy answers to the subject.Upon asked about the posivite ways of the programme, it has been discovered that occupational groups have come to an agreement on the fact that the programme is Student-based and flexible. Giving importance to the family attendance and suitability for primary school programme are other positive sides of the program.

Genetic counseling for DAPK1 mutation in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia family

Genetic counseling has become the clinical bedrock of hereditary cancer management. Countless advances in molecular genetics contributing to the identification of cancer-causing germline mutations have increased its importance. We report a unique genetic counseling experience involving a family with hereditary chronic lymphocytic leukemia and the cancer-causing mutation in the death-associated protein kinase 1 gene ( DAPK1). This hereditary disorder currently lacks any preventive or curative interventions for mutation carriers. This family has been under our investigation for a decade, during which time genealogy, cancer of all anatomic sites, medical and pathology records, and, whenever possible, slides and tissue blocks were reviewed. Family attendance at three group-oriented family information service sessions provided intensive education about this disease. Blood and skin fibroblasts were obtained for molecular genetic studies of DNA leading to the discovery of the DAPK1 mutation in the family. Their intellectual and emotional reaction to its presence or absence in them was assessed. This family serves as a model for genetic counseling in disorders for which lifesaving intervention is not yet possible.

Recruitment Characteristics Influencing Parental Participation in Family-Based Drug-Abuse Prevention Programs: The Spoth and Redmond Model in Spain

Low rates of participation constitute a serious problem for family-based drug-use prevention programs. This study analyzes the characteristics of calls for parents' participation in such programs through manipulation of the variables indicated by the model as involved in the process (severity of the drug problem, susceptibility of the family's own children and existence of barriers to participation). Participants were 485 school pupils ages 12 to 14 years and their respective parents. Results show that the attempt to manipulate such variables did not have behavioral consequences in relation to participation in the family-based prevention program. There is a need for strategies that increase attendance of high-risk families in this type of intervention. The study's limitations are noted.

Marijuana smoking among secondary school students in Zaria, Nigeria: Factors responsible and effects on academic performance

The use of Marijuana is on the increase worldwide especially among adolescents and youths. Marijuana smoking has gained a foothold in our environment because of peer group influence, accessibility and availability. Its medico-social effects could ruin the life and future of our youths. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and the factors that influence secondary school students in Zaria LGA to smoke and the effects on academic performance. A cross-sectional descriptive study was employed to generate data among secondary school students. A multi-stage sampling technique was used. Data was collected with the use of a structured, pre tested self-administered questionnaire. F2 test was used to test for significance of association between categorical variables. Of the 350 respondents, 262 (74.9%) were males, while 88 (25.1%) were females. The study shows that 33 of the students smoke marijuana giving a prevalence of 9.4%. There were more smokers in the age group 15-19 years (54.6%). Other factors that influence marijuana smoking include family background, peer pressure and attendance of social functions. There was better academic performance (51.1%) among non smokers as compared to smokers (27.2%), and this was found to be statistically significant (chi2 = 11.73, df = 5, P < .05) There was also statistically significant association between age and marijuana smoking (chi2 = 24, df = 2, P < .05). The prevalence of marijuana smoking is high. Age, family background, peer pressure and attendance of social function influence marijuana smoking. A comprehensive school health education program should be instituted to curtail this menace.

Encontrando-se em casa: uma proposta de atendimento domiciliar para famílias de idosos dependentes

OBJETIVO: Este estudo qualitativo teve por objetivo descrever como um sistema familiar reage perante a situação de dependência em um membro idoso, quais recursos utiliza para manter sua estabilidade e a assistência de enfermagem disponibilizada neste contexto. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se como referencial teórico a abordagem dos sistemas familiares e como método a pesquisa-ação. Os dados foram colhidos de novembro de 2004 a janeiro de 2005, utilizando-se o genograma, o ecomapa e o levantamento de problemas. RESULTADOS: Principais demandas familiares: luto antecipado, sobrecarga do papel de cuidador, falta de conhecimento sobre a doença e desajustamento familiar perante a crise. Principais intervenções: incentivar a narrativa da enfermidade, oferecer sugestões e informações, elogiar as forças familiares e assegurar pronto atendimento. CONCLUSÕES: Com o atendimento à família sob o enfoque sistêmico foi possível propor as intervenções de ajuda para a melhoria da qualidade de vida familiar, de maneira que ela também vislumbrasse suas próprias soluções para o enfrentamento das adversidades.