Familiar Rhythm Research Articles

An accelerated emergence of the self during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: a hermeneutic phenomenological analysis

ABSTRACT While research within positive psychology has demonstrated the potential for growth and flourishing when facing adversity, experiences of psychological growth during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic have not yet been investigated. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used to explore the meaning and experience of personal growth and transformation during the COVID-19 first lockdown phase. Semi-structured interviews, with 49 adults between the ages of 20 and 58 occurred. Five themes emerged across participants: (1) pre-pandemic life as functionally complacent (2) the unexpected loss of coping strategies and familiar rhythms due to lockdown, (3) choice to engage with emotion and discomfort as a means to experience growth, (4) discovering and embracing an authentic sense of self, and (5) integration of the growth through sharing with others. Participants reported that participating in the interview itself was growth-enhancing. The findings of the study are discussed in light of existing AEDP (Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy) theory.

Securing Social Well-Being in the Quantum Age: Legal Roadmaps for PQC in Banking to Healthcare

The dawn of quantum computing casts a long shadow over the once-assured realm of digital security. The conventional encryption is trembling at the prospect of quantum-powered attacks. This problem seems to be solved with the existence of post-quantum cryptography which brings a glimmer of hope that pierces the shadow cast by quantum computing. However, forging these shields is no easy feat. Beyond brute computational power, the true challenge lies in seamlessly weaving them into existing systems without compromising user trust, the threads that bind our digital lives. To achieve this, a delicate dance is needed - prioritizing the legal aspect to robust the security without disrupting the familiar rhythm of our online interactions. The research employs an empirical juridical approach as its method. For data collection, a thorough exploration of literature, including laws, books, journals, and relevant sources, is conducted. Radbruch's tripartite ideal of justice, expediency or suitability for a purpose, and legal certainty underscores the fundamental role of effective legal frameworks in mitigating vulnerabilities. This principle applies acutely to PQC regulation, where the absence of international guidelines amplifies nation-state susceptibility to quantum computing attacks. On the other hand, In the context of PQC migration, every government must meticulously consider several key factors to ensure effective and compliant implementation. Hence, the presented solution endeavors to tackle the aforementioned inquiry from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.

The effects of rhythmic structure on tapping accuracy

Prior investigations of simple rhythms in familiar time signatures have shown the importance of several mechanisms; notably, those related to metricization and grouping. But there has been limited study of complex rhythms, including those in unfamiliar time signatures, such as are found outside mainstream Western music. Here, we investigate how the structures of 91 rhythms with nonisochronous onsets (mostly complex, several in unfamiliar time signatures) influence the accuracy, velocity, and timing of taps made by participants attempting to synchronize with these onsets. The onsets were piano-tone cues sounded at a well-formed subset of isochronous cymbal pulses; the latter occurring every 234 ms. We modelled tapping at both the rhythm level and the pulse level; the latter provides insight into how rhythmic structure makes some cues easier to tap and why incorrect (uncued) taps may occur. In our models, we use a wide variety of quantifications of rhythmic features, several of which are novel and many of which are indicative of underlying mechanisms, strategies, or heuristics. The results show that, for these tricky rhythms, taps are disrupted by unfamiliar period lengths and are guided by crude encodings of each rhythm: the density of rhythmic cues, their circular mean and variance, and recognizing common small patterns and the approximate positions of groups of cues. These lossy encodings are often counterproductive for discriminating between cued and uncued pulses and are quite different to mechanisms—such as metricization and emphasizing group boundaries—thought to guide tapping behaviours in learned and familiar rhythms.

The development of rhythmic categories as revealed through an iterative production task

Both humans and non-humans (e.g. birds and primates) preferentially produce and perceive auditory rhythms with simple integer ratios. In addition, these preferences (biases) tend to reflect specific integer-ratio rhythms that are common to one's cultural listening experience. To better understand the developmental trajectory of these biases, we estimated children's rhythm biases across the entire rhythm production space of simple (e.g., ratios of 1, 2, and 3) three-interval rhythms. North American children aged 6–11 years completed an iterative rhythm production task, in which they attempted to tap in synchrony with repeating three-interval rhythms chosen randomly from the space. For each rhythm, the child's produced rhythm was presented back to them as the stimulus, and over the course of 5 such iterations we used their final reproductions to estimate their rhythmic biases or priors. Results suggest that regardless of the initial rhythm, after 5 iterations, children's tapping converged on rhythms with (nearly) simple integer ratios, indicating that, like adults, their rhythmic priors consist of rhythms with simple-integer ratios. Furthermore, the relative weights (or prominence of different rhythmic priors) observed in children were highly correlated with those of adults. However, we also observed some age-related changes, especially for the ratio types that vary most across cultures. In an additional rhythm perception task, children were better at detecting rhythmic disruptions to a culturally familiar rhythm (in 4/4 m with 2:1:1 ratio pattern) than to a culturally unfamiliar rhythm (7/8 m with 3:2:2 ratios), and performance in this task was correlated with tapping variability in the iterative task. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that children as young as 6-years-old exhibit simple integer-ratio categorical rhythm priors in their rhythm production that closely resemble those of adults in the same culture.

A Visual Speech Intelligibility Benefit Based on Speech Rhythm

This study examined whether visual speech provides speech-rhythm information that perceivers can use in speech perception. This was tested by using speech that naturally varied in the familiarity of its rhythm. Thirty Australian English L1 listeners performed a speech perception in noise task with English sentences produced by three speakers: an English L1 speaker (familiar rhythm); an experienced English L2 speaker who had a weak foreign accent (familiar rhythm), and an inexperienced English L2 speaker who had a strong foreign accent (unfamiliar speech rhythm). The spoken sentences were presented in three conditions: Audio-Only (AO), Audio-Visual with mouth covered (AVm), and Audio-Visual (AV). Speech was best recognized in the AV condition regardless of the degree of foreign accent. However, speech recognition in AVm was better than AO for the speech with no foreign accent and with a weak accent, but not for the speech with a strong accent. A follow-up experiment was conducted that only used the speech with a strong foreign accent, under more audible conditions. The results also showed no difference between the AVm and AO conditions, indicating the null effect was not due to a floor effect. We propose that speech rhythm is conveyed by the motion of the jaw opening and closing, and perceivers use this information to better perceive speech in noise.

List-keepers and other carrier bag stories: Academic mothers' (in)visible labor during the COVID-19 pandemic

Beginning in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted familiar rhythms of work and life when academic women from the United States sheltered-in-place in their homes. The pandemic brought forth challenges which accentuated that caregiving with little or no support disproportionately affected mothers' abilities to navigate their new lives inside the home, where work and caregiving abruptly collided. This article takes on the (in)visible labor of academic mothers during this time–the labor mothers saw and viscerally experienced, yet that which was often unseen/unexperienced by others. Using Ursula K. Le Guin's Carrier Bag Theory as a conceptual framework, the authors engage with interviews of 54 academic mothers through a feminist-narrative lens. They craft stories of carrying (in)visible labor, isolation, simultaneity, and list-keeping as they navigate the mundaneness of everyday pandemic home/work/life. Through unrelenting responsibilities and expectations, they each find ways to carry it all, as they carry on.

The pandemic as gender arrhythmia: Women’s bodies, counter rhythms and critique of everyday life

AbstractIn this paper we build upon recent organizational research drawing upon the work of Henri Lefebvre, and feminist engagements with his theory of “Rhythmanalysis”, to examine how the COVID‐19 pandemic disrupted women's everyday lives and the impacts on their relationship with work. Drawing upon interviews with 38 women from diverse socio‐cultural backgrounds living in Aotearoa New Zealand, we describe the pandemic as an “arrhythmia”, a radical rupture to the familiar rhythms of their everyday social and working lives. We describe how the pandemic arrhythmia was felt in and through bodies (i.e., sleep, weight), and how women responded by creating counter rhythms (i.e., hobbies, exercise, food) as strategies to support their own and others wellbeing. Furthermore, radically disrupting linear repetitions of everyday work, social and family life, the pandemic prompted many to reflect differently upon how pre‐pandemic rhythms shaped by the social, economic and gendered structures of neoliberalism were causing various forms of alienation (i.e., from their own health and wellbeing, meaningful social connections, ethical and sustainable working practices, and from pleasure). For some women, the pandemic arrhythmia was a puncturing of their normalized time‐space gendered routines, leading to critique and transformation to their everyday work‐life patterns. Engaging a feminist reading of rhythmanalysis, this paper brings into focus how neoliberal gender regimes are reconstituted and disrupted in the rhythms and routines of women's everyday lives. In so doing, we highlight the potential in feminist engagement with arrhythmia to extend understandings of the gendered politics of everyday life during and beyond pandemic times, and the value in such approaches for organizational scholars interested in understanding the gendered rhythms of daily life and their effects on relationships with work.

Home-like care: Collaboration between parents and nurses in everyday situations when children are hospitalized.

When children are hospitalized, parents and nurses need to collaborate. This study aims to investigate how parents and nurses experience collaborating and sharing responsibilities and tasks when providing home-like care for hospitalized children in everyday situations. This qualitative study used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach with observations and interviews and was conducted in a general medical pediatric unit. Twelve parents of eleven hospitalized children between the ages of 1 and 6years with various medical diagnoses and seventeen nurses who cared for those children participated in the study. Parents and nurses collaborated and shared responsibilities and tasks to provide home-like care for hospitalized children in everyday situations by making mealtimes seem familiar, maintaining customary sleeping patterns, adapting washing and dressing routines, and facilitating play and activity. Parents and nurses collaborated to maintain a familiar rhythm in an unfamiliar environment to enhance the children's well-being. The nurses' degree of involvement in the children's everyday situations varied from little to moderate to strong, with parents assuming the main responsibilities. Nurses' involvement in children's everyday situations was variable, depending on the complexity of the situations.

This Little Kitty by Karen Obuhanych

Reviewed by: This Little Kitty by Karen Obuhanych Kate Quealy-Gainer, Editor Obuhanych, Karen This Little Kitty; written and illus. by Karen Obuhanych. Knopf, 2023 [32p] Trade ed. ISBN 9780593435144 $18.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9780593435168 $10.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R 3-6 yrs This cleverly rhymed picture book follows five mischievous cats throughout the day, taking particular delight in the kitties’ various shenanigans. First, it’s wake-up time, followed quickly by breakfast for rumbling tummies, then on to playtime with feathers and toys until all five find a warm patch of sun for a nice nap. They’re reenergized post-snooze and subsequently climb drapes, rearrange (knock over) flowers, lick cupcakes, and attempt escape. A little self-care grooming is next, followed by some attention from their humans before bedtime—but as any cat owner knows, that’s when the feline fun truly begins. The book opens with the title’s cat take on “this little piggy,” setting an immediate and familiar rhythm that will please both tellers and listeners at storytime, while the bright, buoyant art keeps the text from simply sounding like a list. The mixed media illustrations easily convey each cat’s personality: the manic calico is all scribbly lines and dynamic poses, contrasting the smooth wash of sleek fur on the slinky black cat, while the gray cat has a slightly mottled texture and down-turned ears, displaying its clear grumpiness. Fans of felines will appreciate the level of detail to kitty quirks (including their tendency to hack up hairballs in the most inconvenient places), and the bouncing rhyme and loveable fur-babies might just well charm even the most stridently cat averse. Copyright © 2022 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Swapping odes in a sacred language: the Kanshi exchange of Natsume Sōseki and Masaoka Shiki and its meaning

AbstractNatsume Sōseki and Masaoka Shiki, two of the towering figures in modern Japanese literature, exchanged kanshi poems for eleven years starting in 1889 when they were students. What Sōseki and Shiki enacted in their kanshi exchanges was not simply an admiration for Chinese culture, but rather a performance of literati cultural exchange. In the personae that these two writers adopted in these exchanges, and in the poetic voices that each writer meticulously honed, they were achieving a return to a cultural homeland and to an “imagined community” in the Sinosphere. Further, the exchange of poetry in a language that was simultaneously both foreign and hauntingly familiar demonstrated a performative quality that reflected their appreciation of the dynamics of poetic exchange in China but also of the yose theater and of the rakugo performances that they frequented as students in Tokyo. In fact, for Sōseki and Shiki, kanshi composition and exchange served two paradoxical purposes: it offered both the challenge of poetic expression in a foreign language and a return to an imagined community and to the familiar rhythms and conventions of a sacred language.

Contemporary Narrative – Context and Manifestations

The first issue of the Postmodernism Problems for 2020 is dedicated to the contemporary narrative. The publishers approved the topic in January when our lives followed a familiar rhythm of work and the number assembled in a state of emergency. The context and manifestations of the narrative go through the exploration of the new hybrid oral-writing formation through the VoIP application Viber, a narrative analysis of one of the cultural icons of Japanese cinema - Godzilla, cyberbullying as a contemporary narrative form of aggressiveness, the use of multimedia narrative for different business sectors, crisis narrative, narrative through smart technologies and the phenomenology of virtual narratives.

Are familiar rhythms a top-down – bottom-up hybrid cue of visual temporal attention?

Are familiar rhythms a top-down – bottom-up hybrid cue of visual temporal attention?

Domesticating Gertrude Stein, or, “banal queerness”: reading “Lifting Belly” alongside What Happened and A Play Called Not and Now

ABSTRACTReading Gertrude Stein’s long poem “Lifting Belly” alongside her plays What Happened and A Play Called Not and Now, this essay identifies banality and queerness as formal elements of Stein’s writing, and contends that this emerges from her persistent interest in domesticity. Despite the thematic and formal resonances between these texts, few critics read Stein’s drama and poetry together. Juxtaposing them allows me to demonstrate that, for Stein, domesticity produces a new kind of form. Repetitive, elliptical, and fragmented, these texts take their shape from Stein and Toklas’s domestic landscape, incorporating both the objects and conversations that fill it. The result is a text fundamentally shaped by the familiar rhythms and intimate spaces of everyday life, but encompassing, too, the unevenness, confusion, and uncertainty that can interrupt and invade that life. In addition to providing a new account of the role of domesticity in Stein’s experiments in literary form, this essay advances existing conversations about Stein’s queer modernism, and suggests another way of valuing Toklas’s contribution to Stein’s work: as a co-creator of domestic space.

Natural disaster arrhythmia and action sports: The case of the Christchurch earthquake

Taking inspiration from French sociologist and philosopher Henri Lefebvre’s theory of ‘rhythmanalysis’, the author advocates new ways of thinking about the impact of natural disaster on the bodies and everyday mobilities of those who continue to live in disrupted spaces. Drawing upon interviews conducted with residents living in Christchurch, New Zealand, before, during and after the devastating February 2011 earthquake, she explains how this ‘arrhythmic’ experience forced many to rethink the importance of sport and physical activity in their everyday lives, and for their affective connections to space, place, family and community. She describes how some committed action sport participants adopted highly creative practices in order to continue their participation in sports such as surfing, skateboarding, mountain biking and climbing. In so doing, the familiar rhythms of recreational sport helped some cope with the many stresses of daily life during the long process of recovery, and contributed to the rebuilding of personal and collective identities, affective relationships with place, and a sense of belonging in post-disaster geographies.

Perception of audiovisual rhythm and its invariance in 4- to 10-month-old infants

This study investigated the perception of complex audiovisual rhythmic patterns in 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-month-old human infants. In Experiment 1, we first habituated infants to an event in which an object could be seen and heard bouncing in a rhythmic fashion. We then tested them to determine if they would detect a relative temporal pattern change produced by rearranging the intrapattern intervals. Regardless of age, infants successfully detected the pattern change. In Experiment 2, we asked whether infants also can extract rhythmic pattern invariance amid tempo variations. Thus, we first habituated infants to a particular rhythmic pattern but this time varying in its tempo of presentation across trials. We then administered one test trial in which a novel rhythm was presented at a familiar tempo and another test trial in which a familiar rhythm was presented at a novel tempo. Infants detected both types of changes indicating that they perceived the invariant rhythm and that they did so despite the fact that they also detected the varying tempo. Overall, the findings demonstrate that infants between 4 and 10 months of age can perceive and discriminate complex audiovisual temporal patterns on the basis of relative temporal differences and that they also can learn the invariant nature of such patterns.

Everyone’s Doing Congressional Historiography

The growth of administrative government in the United States since the turn of this century has meant the gradual rise of statutory enactments as a (if notthe) primary source of law. Despite the burgeoning importance of the work of legislatures, legal scholars were relatively slow to devote deserved attention to statutes and the bodies that enacted them.The familiar rhythm of the common law continued to draw the bulk of theoretical analysis.Any lingering concern about the relative neglect of statutes and legislative bodies may now be put aside. The last two decades have seen a remarkable collaboration among scholars in the disciplines of law, economics, and political science concerning how we can better understand what motivates legislatures and how we should interpret their work product.1This attention to statutes and the legislative process has caused scholars to engage in a great amount of congressional historiography, as they test their theories against legislative and political practice. Historians are noticeably absent from this interdisciplinary collaboration, a state of affairs this roundtable is designed to address. Everyone, it seems, is doing congressional historiography—everyone, that is, except the historians.

Infants' discrimination of bimodal events on the basis of rhythm and tempo

A habituation procedure was used to examine 7‐month‐old infants' discrimination of changes in the rhythm (Expt 1) or the tempo (Expt 2) of an auditory‐visual event. Events consisted of videos of a hammer striking a surface displaying a characteristic rhythm and tempo along with the synchronized impact sounds. In Expt 1, 32 infants were habituated to one rhythm presented at a constant tempo followed by test trials of a novel rhythm presented at the familiar tempo. Across subjects, four different stimulus rhythms were presented at each of four different constant tempos. Infants demonstrated significant visual recovery to a novel rhythm at all stimulus tempos. In Expt 2, 32 infants were habituated to events displaying one rhythm and tempo followed by test trials presenting a novel tempo and the familiar rhythm. Infants showed a significant visual recovery to a novel tempo, which was apparent across four different underlying rhythm contexts. More robust discrimination was observed for more extreme tempo contrasts. These data suggest that 7‐month‐old infants are sensitive to the invariant rhythm and tempo of bimodal events.

"To Put One's Fingers in the Bleeding Wound": Palestinian Theatre under Israeli Censorship

It is said to have begun on 8 December 1987 when four Palestinians were killed and seven injured by an Israeli driver in Gaza Strip. Masses of Palestinians in nearby Jabaliya refugee camp demonstrated against Israeli troops during funerals to protest random, senseless loss of life. Details of what appears to have been bizarre road accident were quickly lost sight of in upheaval known as intifidia, word whose literal meaning, a shaking off, came to denote what is occurring in Israel's Occupied Territories: Palestinian uprising, accompanied by cultural revolution within Palestinian society. Old forms of social organization dependent upon traditional hierarchies such as clan and family, preeminence of notables, and absence of women, have been supplanted by proliferating popular committees that organize and direct spontaneous political upheaval of men and women, old and young.1 Not just Israeli intelligence community but even Yasir Arafat and leaders of Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) were taken by surprise (Schiff and Ya'ari 1990:67-68). Certainly intifada had been preceded by years of similar Arab-Israeli conflicts in which wildcat strikes, mass demonstrations, and ad hoc boycotts were met with deportations and arrests, imprisonment and censorship. But since beginning of intifada, familiar rhythm of terrorism and counterterrorism has intensified in much same way that Palestinian political graffiti, whitewashed or written over by Israelis, now reappear incised on walls only to be chiselled away by Israeli soldiers and, finally, published in collection of graffiti, edited by Palestinian journalist, which Israeli censors promptly banned (Peretz 1990:II4). Terms used to describe techniques for surviving in everyday life under Israeli occupation include muqdwama, resistance, and sumud, the state of perseverence and hanging on. They apply with equal accuracy to

Auditory-Visual Transfer in Four-Month-Old Infants

4-month-old infants were presented a 60-sec recording of a syllable repeated in either a regular or an irregular rhythm. The rhythms contained the same time intervals, but the pattern of the intervals differed. Following the sound, the infants were shown a 90-sec silent film of a puppet opening and closing its mouth, either in the familiar rhythm or in a novel rhythm. Infants receiving the regular sound watched the film more than infants receiving the irregular sound, a finding that was explained in terms of a transmodal "positive contrast" effect. More important, infants who saw the puppet move in a novel rhythm watched the film longer (measured in total looking and mean look) than infants who saw it move in a familiar rhythm. This is the first demonstration of auditory-visual transfer of temporal information in infants as young as 4 months.