Family Alcohol Research Articles

The Influence of Parental Alcoholism on Parent–Adolescent Relationships From Adolescence Into Emerging Adulthood: A Qualitative Inquiry

Exposure to parental alcoholism can inhibit a child’s ability to become a successfully functioning young adult. Based on qualitative interviews, this study provides a deeper understanding of how those parent–adolescent relationships are associated with risky internalizing and externalizing behaviors. This qualitative study explores the lives of 13 young adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) and provides a unique perspective through an adaptive developmental approach by evaluating emerging adults who were ACOAs and successfully functioning. Compelling findings emerged with respect to how young adults define alcoholism and being a child of alcoholism and how the parent–adolescent relationship adapts in the unstable environment associated with family alcoholism. Salient findings revealed that when emotional and physical detachment from a parent’s alcoholic behaviors in addition to an acceptance that those behaviors are not the adolescent’s responsibility, individuals gained better control of their environment aiding them in becoming healthy, functioning young adults.

Altered frontostriatal white matter microstructure is associated with familial alcoholism and future binge drinking in adolescence.

Adolescence is a time of significant neurobiological development, including changes in white matter microstructure. Familial alcoholism and adolescent binge-drinking have both been associated with altered white matter microstructure; however, the temporal nature of these effects, and their interaction, is unclear. Using diffusion-weighted imaging and voxel-wise multilevel modeling, the effects of familial alcoholism and future binge-drinking on white matter microstructural development were assessed in 45 adolescents, who went on to binge-drink (but were alcohol-naive at baseline), and 68 adolescents, who remained largely alcohol-naive, all with varying degrees of familial alcoholism. Both future binge-drinking and familial alcoholism were associated with altered frontostriatal white matter microstructure early in adolescence, prior to alcohol use. While several binge-drinking-related effects persisted throughout adolescence (in the posterior limb of the internal capsule, superior corona radiata, and cerebellar peduncles), the association between familial alcoholism and altered white matter microstructure dissipated across adolescence in all regions. There were no white matter regions identified where future binge-drinking or familial alcoholism were significantly associated with emergent or exacerbated alterations in white matter microstructure. Altogether, these findings suggest that alterations in frontostiatal white matter microstructure, some of which are associated with familial alcoholism, may be used to predict which adolescents are more likely to go on and engage in alcohol use. Meanwhile, a reduction in family history-related associations with altered white matter microstructure by late-adolescence is encouraging for future prevention work targeted at at-risk youth.

Prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus in local Population of Muzaffarpur, Bihar

Background: Nowadays Diabetes has become major problem in our society. There were over 72, 946, 400 cases of diabetes in India in 2017 and number is still arising. Different Risk factors associated with diabetes are-Positive family history, Tobacco and alcohol consumption, Hypertension, Psychological stress, stagnant life style, obesity etc. Aim: To find out the prevalence and association of various risk factors with diabetes mellitus in Muzaffarpur. Methods and material: The study consists of 600 people randomly selected from Muzaffarpur region. Demographic data of participants were collected with the help of glucometer, questionnaires and sphygmomanometer, Weighing machine and also statistical analysis was done. Statistical analysis: Chi-square and t-test was done. P value less than 0.05 was significant. Result: Overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found 5%. Male was more prone (6.35%) to diabetes than female (4.02%). Most of the subjects with diabetes (36.67%) belonged to the age group 41–50 years and maximum prevalence was seen in age group of 51–60 year (12.5%). Most significant risk factors were psychological stress (40%) followed by tobacco consumption (27%), positive family history (30%), Hypertension (24.24%) and obesity (23.53%). Diabetes Mellitus is more prone in those have these risk factors than those without risk factors. Persons with heavy physical activity were least prone (3.34%) to this disease. Conclusion: Main risk factor of diabetes mellitus is psychological stress and middle age male group were more prone to this disease. Improved lifestyle and awareness of risk factors can decrease prevalence of diabetes.

Prediction of Risky Alcohol Use among Ugandan Youth: A Case Study of at Marie Stopes and Youth Reproductive Health Clinics

Background: Alcohol use imposes a significant global burden of disease among the youth. Objective: We investigated the level and risk factors of alcohol use among the youth seeking health services at Marie Stopes Uganda (MSU) and Reproductive Health Uganda (RHU) clinics in Mbarara Municipality, Southwestern Uganda. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Marie Stopes Uganda (MSU) and Reproductive Health Uganda (RHU) Clinics in Mbarara Municipality, southwestern Uganda. 336 youth attending the MSU and RHU clinics for health care services between August 1, 2012 and September 1, 2012 were included in the study.. We used the AUDIT to examine alcohol use. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to test the study objectives. Results: About 80% of youth reported any alcohol use (n=270). Residing closer to the source of alcohol drank in the past fortnight, history of familial alcohol misuse, other substance use and being employed youth were positively associated with alcohol use. Conclusion: Prevalence of alcohol use among the youth was found to be high. Residing closer to the source of alcohol, history of familial alcohol misuse, other substance use and being employed bear implications for alcohol use.

Alcohol family history moderates the association between evening substance-free reinforcement and alcohol problems.

Behavioral economic theories of substance abuse posit that deficits in substance-free reward increase risk for substance misuse, but little research has examined potential moderators of this relationship, including dispositional risk factors. Here, we tested the hypothesis that young adult heavy drinkers with family histories of alcohol misuse would show a stronger association specifically between low evening substance-free reinforcement and alcohol problems compared to those without a family history of alcohol misuse. Participants were 317 college students reporting heavy episodic drinking (Mage = 18.8, SD = 1.1, 61% female, 79% White) who completed a questionnaire about engagement and enjoyment in rewarding activities not involving substance use after 7 p.m., along with measures of personal and parental alcohol use/problems. Evening substance-free reinforcement was negatively associated with typical drinking level for women, but not for men. Family history status did not show a significant association with typical alcohol consumption or evening substance-free reinforcement (operationalized as activity participation × enjoyment), but did show a significant association with alcohol problems. Evening substance-free reinforcement was significantly negatively related to alcohol problems for both men and women. However, the presence of a family history of alcohol misuse moderated this relationship, such that only individuals with familial risk for alcohol misuse who reported lower evening substance-free reinforcement evidenced greater alcohol-related problems. These findings suggest that lower evening substance-free reinforcement is associated with alcohol misuse among young adults, and that this association is exacerbated among individuals with familial risk for developing alcohol problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Trait Impulsivity in Alcohol-naïve Offspring at High Risk for Alcoholism.

Background:Impulsivity is considered to be a vulnerability marker for substance use disorders, including alcoholism, in offspring with familial alcoholism. However, it is not adequately explored whether different age groups offspring at high risk for alcoholism differ in their impulsivity. The present study examined trait impulsivity in offspring at high risk for alcoholism, and further examined impulsivity by categorizing these offspring into different age groups. The study also examined the association between impulsivity and age, and the association of executive functions with age and education.Materials and Methods:Sample consisted of alcohol-naïve offspring at high (n = 34) and low (n = 34) risk for alcoholism. Participants were matched on age (±1 year), education (±1 year), and gender. The measures included were: Mini-international neuropsychiatric interview, family interview for genetic studies, sociodemographic data sheet, Annett's handedness questionnaire, Barratt's Impulsiveness Scale-version 11, and tests assessing executive functions.Results:Offspring at high risk for alcoholism demonstrated significantly high impulsivity. Furthermore, offspring at high risk were categorized into three subgroups with age. Results showed no significant difference between the subgroups with respect to impulsivity. Correlation analysis revealed no significant association between impulsivity and age. However, executive functions (concept formation, working memory, and safe decision-making) showed significant positive association, while perseveration and risky decision-making showed a negative association with age and education in both the groups.Conclusion:The present study demonstrates high impulsivity trait in offspring at high risk for alcoholism. The high impulsivity could pose a risk for addiction and may require preventive intervention.

Experimental measurement of physico-chemical properties of oxygenate (DIPE) blended gasoline

With growing concerns regarding the environment and the depletion of fossil fuels, many researchers have sought a new and suitable alternative fuel. Over the years, researchers have proposed many alternatives to gasoline, most of which belong to the family of alcohols. Furthermore, most researchers consider the octane number to be the main fuel property and have overlooked other fuel properties. In the family of ethers, MTBE and ETBE have been previously studied, but DIPE, a suitable, novel and safe alternative fuel that doesn’t mix with water, has not. In this study, diisopropyl ether, a novel oxygenate, is blended with gasoline, and the density, calorific value, Reid vapour pressure, distillation curve, drivability index, research octane number and anti-knock index are studied and reported here.

Problematic familial alcohol use and adolescents’ heavy drinking: can conditions in school compensate for the increased risk of heavy drinking among adolescents from families with problematic alcohol use?

ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study is to assess the association between problematic alcohol consumption in the family and youth alcohol consumption and to explore the extent to which this association is moderated by conditions in school in terms of schools’ degree of student focus. We use data from the Stockholm School Survey performed among 10,757 ninth grade students and the Stockholm Teacher Survey performed among 2,304 teachers in the same schools. Multilevel logistic regressions were performed. The results showed that problematic alcohol consumption in the family was associated with a higher likelihood of heavy drinking among adolescents. The association was weaker in schools with a strong student focus, indicating a compensatory effect of conditions in school.

Family environmental factors associated with underage drinking

ABSTRACTBackground: Alcohol-related health and social problems amongst underage are increasing globally. Most studies have focused on the quality of parental relationships. However, less evidence is available to support the association between alcohol consumption and the birth order or the interaction between siblings. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between underage alcohol consumption and family structure and family relationships.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among schoolchildren in Murcia Region (Southern Spain) (n = 2290) using an anonymous questionnaire delivered in school settings. Statistical analyses used logistic regression to identify independent predictors of alcohol use. Separate analyses were carried out by sexes.Results: About one-third of the 2290 surveyed students (33.2%) reported alcohol consumption, being significantly higher in boys than girls (35.4% vs. 31.3%, p = 0.041). In general, attending second to fourth course of secondary education (grades 7–10 in North America), being a second child, mother with low educational level or working outside home, and having a bad relationship with parents or siblings were associated with higher risk of alcohol consumption.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the complexity of family interactions, including order or birth and quality of relationship with parents and siblings, may impact alcohol consumption in underage population. However, further studies are warranted to confirm and extend our finding, particularly about the order of siblings.

Alcoholic family marital heterogeneity aggregates different child behavior problems both pre- and postseparation.

Children of alcoholics (COAs) are at risk for elevated internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Yet, little is known about the familial and behavioral adjustments of COAs following parental separation. Using an ecological-transactional framework, we examined how multiple risk factors contributed to the formation of different alcoholic family structures and how living in heterogeneous family structures affected COAs' behavioral problems. The Michigan Longitudinal Study, a multiwave study on initially intact alcoholic and control families with preschool-age children (n = 503), was used to evaluate outcomes of offspring, when families either remained intact or were separated when the child was aged 12-14. Alcoholic families who later transitioned into stepfamilies were characterized with higher paternal antisociality, marital aggression, and serious family crises than alcoholic families that remained intact. COAs in stepfamilies (but not in single-parent families) exhibited higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in preadolescence compared with those in alcoholic intact families, in part because of elevated behavioral risk at age 3. Structural equation modeling indicated that the aggregated risk of stepfamily residence directly related to COAs' internalizing and indirectly related to COAs' externalizing problems, partially mediated by family stressors. Findings suggest targeting COAs in separated families for early intervention.

Resilience to Risk for Psychopathology: The Role of White Matter Microstructural Development in Adolescence

BackgroundOne major risk factor for the development of psychopathology is a family history of psychopathology (FHP). Cross-sectional studies have shown that FHP is associated with alterations in white matter microstructure in adolescents without current psychopathology; however, whether these associations persist throughout adolescence, particularly in those who remain resilient to developing psychopathology, is unclear. MethodsSixty-six adolescents underwent diffusion-weighted imaging at baseline (12–16 years of age) and at one or two follow-up visits (142 total scans). Adolescents’ parents completed a modified Family History Assessment Module to calculate FHP density (FHPD) based on familial alcohol use, substance use, and major depressive, generalized anxiety, substance-induced mood, and antisocial personality disorders. The relationship between FHPD and white matter microstructural development was examined using multilevel modeling. ResultsFHPD was associated with significant alterations in white matter microstructure at baseline; in the bilateral superior corona radiata and left superior longitudinal fasciculus, these effects were transient (FHPD was associated with altered white matter microstructure only in early adolescence), while effects in the posterior limb of the internal capsule were persistent. Associations between FHPD and white matter microstructure in the body of the corpus callosum emerged later in adolescence. ConclusionsThis prospective, longitudinal study provides novel information indicating that the association between FHP and white matter microstructure previously observed in adolescents is transient in most regions but may persist into late adolescence in other regions, despite current resilience to developing psychopathology. Future studies are necessary to determine if these persistent alterations are associated with onset of psychopathology later in life.

Loperamide-Induced Pancreatitis: Report of Three Cases

Background: Only 0.1-2% of acute pancreatitis seems to be drug-induced, being this etiology probably underestimated and often classified as idiopathic. Loperamide is an opiate with peripheral action, used in the treatment of diarrhea. Since 2012 it belongs to the FDA list of drugs potentially able to cause acute pancreatitis, because of its capacity of modulating the secretion from the exocrine pancreas and of causing sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.Case presentation: We report the cases of three women, admitted to our hospital for acute pancreatitis. In their medical history two of them referred remote cholecystectomy. They all reported recent loperamide intake, given to acute diarrhea, denying alcohol consumption, smoking or family history for pancreatic disease. During the hospitalization laboratory tests showed increase of pancreatic enzyme and liver function alteration, with a rapid clinical improvement after loperamide suspension. Pancreatic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), including MR cholangiopancreatography, was performed in all the cases, showing a well-defined pancreatic gland without any sign of acute inflammation and excluding common bile duct lithiasis. Given the absence of common risk factors and the temporal correlation between drug intake and occurrence of symptoms, we considered loperamide responsible of these three cases of acute pancreatitis.Conclusion: In patients with acute pancreatitis, referring recent loperamide intake, in the absence of any other causes, iatrogenic damage must be considered as a possible etiologic factor.

Applying the Ugandan Sexual Health and Pastoral Education whole institution approach at the Ugandan UK Health Alliance Summit 2018

The Ugandan UK Health alliance (UUKHA) promotes collaboration between UK- and Uganda-based organisations working in health in order to further global learning and the sharing of best practice. On 22–23 March 2018, the UUKHA held the third East African Health Improvement and Investment Summit in Kampala, Uganda. This is the report of a dynamic workshop which was aimed at encouraging thought and discussion on an innovative approach to tackling common health problems such as family planning, alcohol and malnutrition.

Treatment of Substance Use Disorders in Mexican American Families

ABSTRACTAlthough Mexican Americans make up one of the largest U.S. minorities, comprising 11% of the general U.S. population, substance use treatment models often fail to incorporate cultural factors that affect the efficacy of treatment for this population. The authors examine the severity of substance use disorders among this population and barriers to treatment. To account for unique factors affecting Mexican American families, the authors propose a new approach for the conceptualization of roles in the alcoholic family. The authors present a case vignette to demonstrate how therapists might use the authors’ new conceptualization of family roles to more competently treat Mexican American families seeking substance use disorder treatment.

Occupational exposure to organic solvents and risk of breast cancer: Results of the CECILE study, a population-based case-control study in France

Introduction Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Its incidence is only partially explained by well-established risk factors related to hormones and reproduction. It has been suggested that exposure to organic solvents in the workplace may play a role in the etiology of breast cancer, but epidemiological studies on these occupational exposures in female breast cancer did not assess exposure to specific solvents and reported inconsistent results. Methods We examined the risk of breast cancer-related to lifetime exposure to organic solvents in a large population-based case-control study carried out in France between 2005 and 2008; 1230 women newly diagnosed for a breast cancer and 1315 population controls were included. A standardized questionnaire was administered during in-person interviews by trained interviewers to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, medical and family history, anthropometric measurements, reproductive history, tobacco and alcohol consumption, diet, and lifetime occupational history. All jobs held during occupational history were coded using the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 1968) and the Classification of Activities in the European Community (NACE 1991). Exposure to chlorinated (n = 4), petroleum (n = 5) and oxygenated (n = 5) solvents was assessed using a detailed job-exposure matrix (JEM) developed by the French National Agency for Public Health. Each job held was assigned indices of exposure probability, frequency and intensity. A Cumulative Exposure Score (CES) was calculated for each subject as the sum of the products of exposure probability, frequency and intensity, and duration for each job held over the entire occupational life. Odds ratio (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. Results The highest lifetime exposure prevalence was found for alcoholic solvents (41.8% of the cases and 41.4% of the controls); white spirit (8.3% of the cases and 10.2% of the controls); and trichloroethylene (10.7% of the cases and 11.8% of the controls). Compared to non-exposed subjects, women in the highest cumulative exposure quartile for alcoholic solvents had an OR of 1.17 (95% CI = 0.90–1.52). This OR increased to 1.61 (95% CI = 1.06–2.46) in premenopausal women. Exposure to ethylene glycol was also associated with an increased OR of 1.36 (95% CI = 0.93–1.97) in premenopausal women. No association was observed for other oxygenated solvents, petroleum solvents or chlorinated solvents. Conclusions These findings suggest a role of occupational exposure to oxygenated solvents, notably to alcohols, in the occurrence of breast cancer. Further studies conducted in cohorts of women with high prevalence of exposure to solvents are needed to confirm these results.

Frequent binge drinking during the 18–25-year-olds: A risk of adulthood alcohol dependence?

Introduction Alcohol addiction in adult life is one of the most investigated long-term consequences of adolescence alcohol consumption but few studies focus on casual inferences of binge drinking behaviour in young adulthood on adulthood itself. The purpose of this study is to identify the binge drinking between 18 and 25 years as a risk factor of alcohol dependence at 25–45 years. Methods A case control study in a population of 25–45 years was carried out in France. The cases were alcohol dependent (AD) patients diagnosed by a physician and included in an hospital department of addictology. The controls were non-alcohol dependent (NAD) with the AUDIT test inferior to 8. A self-anonymous questionnaire collected at in-person interview during a medical consultation for the cases and with an online questionnaire for the control. Socio demographics data, family alcoholism history, frequency of binge drinking and occasion (with friends, family or lonely), and alcohol consumption between 18 and 25 years were collected. Binge drinking (5 or more drinks per drinking on any occasion) were classified as follows: more than twice a month as frequent, once a month or less as occasional and none binge drinking as never. Results A total of 199 adults of 25–45 years were included: 83 cases (72 males and 11 females) and 116 controls (72 males and 44 females). The mean age was 34.6 years (standard deviation: 5.1). The prevalence of the frequent binge drinking during the 18–25 years period were 75.9% in AD and 35.3% in NAD (P Discussion A new knowledge was highlighted about the association between frequent binge drinking during the 18–25-years-old and the alcohol dependence in adulthood. Prevention and caution about binge drinking during pre-adulthood, specially the lonely binge drinking, should be implemented to avoid acute consequences as injuries and death but also long-term consequences as alcohol dependence.

Protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial evaluating the impact of a preschool-based capacity building intervention on intimate partner violence and substance misuse in Sri Lanka

BackgroundPast research has identified links between intimate partner violence (IPV) and alcohol misuse and poverty in Sri Lanka. Services that address substance misuse are amongst the few interventions shown to reduce IPV in settings similar to Sri Lanka. This paper describes the protocol for a study examining the impact of a preschool-based capacity building intervention on the prevalence of IPV and substance misuse in parents with children attending preschools, including uptake of available government services.MethodsThe study is a cluster randomised controlled trial. Government-managed preschools (n = 34) in Galle and Colombo municipalities will be randomly assigned to an intervention (n = 17) or control group (n = 17). Parents with children attending these preschools will be recruited to participate. The study intervention will build the capacity of selected community volunteers (parents) and preschool teachers in the provision of information and support to families affected by IPV and substance misuse. This intervention is directed at improving uptake, access and coordination of existing services. Data will be collected from all parents, and teachers in the intervention group, pre-intervention and 10 months post-intervention. The primary outcome for this study is experience of IPV amongst mothers of preschool-attending children. Secondary outcomes are substance misuse amongst fathers, measured via the locally adapted Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and Drug Abuse Screening Test; and awareness and uptake of services for these issues measured through locally-relevant tools. Demographic information and satisfaction with the intervention will also be assessed.DiscussionBy intervening through preschools we aim to support high-risk families early enough to arrest the cycle of violence that results in children themselves becoming victims and perpetrators of such violence. The innovative project design will reach the most vulnerable sections of the community and will provide a sustainable and feasible strategy for scale-up of the intervention.Trial registrationThis study is registered with the Sri Lankan Clinical Trials Registry (2017/038) and has been submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov (U.S National Institutes of Health) under the title “Randomized control trial: preschool-based training and support programs to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) by addressing alcohol and drug misuse in young families in Sri Lanka”; Registration number: NCT03341455; Registration date: 14 November 2017.

Familial alcohol supply, adolescent drinking and early alcohol onset in 45 low and middle income countries

AimsThis study estimated the extent of familial alcohol supply in 45 low and middle income countries (LMIC), and examined the country-level effects of familial alcohol supply on adolescents’ alcohol use. MethodWe used data from 45 LMICs that participated in the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) between 2003 and 2013 (n = 139,840). The weighted prevalence of familial alcohol supply in each country was estimated. Multilevel binary and ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to examine the country-level effect of familial alcohol supply on early onset of alcohol use (first alcohol before 12), past 30-day alcohol use, lifetime drunkenness and alcohol-related social problems. ResultsThere were large variations between LMICs in the prevalence of familial alcohol supply and pattern of adolescent alcohol use. The prevalence of familial supply ranged from 0.1% in Tajikistan to 23.8% in St Lucia. It was estimated that a one percentage change in prevalence of familial alcohol supply was associated with 10%, 12% and 12% change in the odds of lifetime drunkenness (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = [1.04, 1.16]), early onset of alcohol use (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = [1.07, 1.08]) and more frequent drinking in the past month (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = [1.04, 1.20]). ConclusionThere were large variations in the prevalence of familial alcohol supply and adolescent alcohol use among LMICs. Adolescents in countries with higher prevalence of familial alcohol supply were more likely to start using alcohol at an earlier age, to have used alcohol in the past 30 days and experience intoxication.

“Describing Misbehaviour in Vung Tau as ‘Mischief’ Is Ridiculously Coy”: Ethnographic Refusal, Reticence, and the Oral Historian’s Dilemma

Since 2009 I have been part of three projects examining the history of service in the Australian military of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, as well as people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI). The oral histories of these current and ex-service personnel contain tales that include family violence (both as perpetrators and survivors), war trauma, alcoholism, and sexual assault. There are also many silences, particularly among Vietnam veterans, when discussing misbehavior on rest-and-convalescence leave in the Vietnamese coastal town of Vung Tau. In this article, I explore some of the ways that I have navigated the ethical dilemmas of writing these histories, referring in particular to how the concepts of ethnographic refusal and reticence have influenced my practice. I argue that interviewers need to be cautious when confronting participants’ reticence to engage with particular lines of questioning. Researchers must consider the wider social, political, and personal implications of their research for their narrators and decide whether ethnographic refusal—avoiding the subject matter to protect the interviewees—is an appropriate strategy.

Effect of Alcohol Carbon Chain on Enthalpy of Combustion and Ignition Delay Time for Gelled Hypergolic Propellant System

AbstractStudy conducted for this paper was to understand the effect on a) enthalpy of combustion and b) ignition delay for gelled hypergolic propellants for the alcohol family, when carbon chain length is varied from ethanol to heptanol. Gel propellant formulated from the alcohol family, ethanol to heptanol, using organic gel with least weight percent added was 2 wt% by weight of the gelling agent. It was observed that the enthalpy of combustion of only pure ethanol gel fuel shows a marked increase in energy with respect to pure liquid and metalized gelled ethanol. Whereas, in the case of other alcohol fuel from propanol to heptanol, the enthalpy of combustion of both gel and metalized gel case is lower with respect to their respective liquid state. Hypergolicity of the formulated gel propellant were achieved using two catalyst CCAT (Copper (II) chloride) and MCAT (Manganese (II) acetylacetonate) with Hydrogen Peroxide (Purity>90 %). The ignition delay time of the formulated gel system with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of catalyst was also investigated and it was observed that the ignition delay time of the all the investigated gels (both pure and metalized) were lower with MCAT with respect to CCAT. The delay time increases for both the catalysts with formulated gel alcohol fuel with increasing carbon chain. At the same time with increase in carbon chain and decrease in vapor density of the fuel, the respective investigated fuel in liquid phase were not hypergolic in the presence of MCAT and CCAT catalyst except for propanol and butanol, which showed hypergolicity only with CCAT.