False Identity Research Articles

Albert O. Hirschman: A ‘Beamish’ Social Scientist for Our Grandchildren

Albert O. Hirschman: A ‘Beamish’ Social Scientist for Our Grandchildren

The Role of Music and Musicians in Promoting Social Stability in the Country

Some of the prerequisites for promoting social stability in a country include, adequate security, socio-cultural and economic viability, political freedom, freedom of expression and association etc., On the other hand, a nation that lacks all these qualities is wrecked morally, socially, culturally and above all, most vulnerable to treason. In such instance, and obviously too, the portrayal of false identity, lawlessness, insubordination and the likes infiltrate or bedevil such a nation.. This paper critically examined the role music and musicians play in achieving stability in the country.

False-Name Manipulation in Weighted Voting Games is Hard for Probabilistic Polynomial Time

False-name manipulation refers to the question of whether a player in a weighted voting game can increase her power by splitting into several players and distributing her weight among these false identities. Relatedly, the beneficial merging problem asks whether a coalition of players can increase their power in a weighted voting game by merging their weights. For the problems of whether merging or splitting players in weighted voting games is beneficial in terms of the Shapley--Shubik and the normalized Banzhaf index, merely NP-hardness lower bounds are known, leaving the question about their exact complexity open. For the Shapley--Shubik and the probabilistic Banzhaf index, we raise these lower bounds to hardness for PP, "probabilistic polynomial time," a class considered to be by far a larger class than NP. For both power indices, we provide matching upper bounds for beneficial merging and, whenever the new players' weights are given, also for beneficial splitting, thus resolving previous conjectures in the affirmative. Relatedly, we consider the beneficial annexation problem, asking whether a single player can increase her power by taking over other players' weights. It is known that annexation is never disadvantageous for the Shapley--Shubik index, and that beneficial annexation is NP-hard for the normalized Banzhaf index. We show that annexation is never disadvantageous for the probabilistic Banzhaf index either, and for both the Shapley--Shubik index and the probabilistic Banzhaf index we show that it is NP-complete to decide whether annexing another player is advantageous. Moreover, we propose a general framework for merging and splitting that can be applied to different classes and representations of games.

POTRET PEREMPUAN DI DUNIA MAYA

The number of internet users fewer females than males, internet brings many benefits for women. Internet helps reconstruct people's views about gender. High encourage women to have equal footing with men; facilitate women to engage in activities in the context of the public sphere, has space for mengaktualisaikan themselves, as well as an opportunity to live more independently. On the other hand, the Internet also raises new problems for women. Internet often becomes a medium for the occurrence of crime and violence against women. Such forms of violence in the form of a message containing the anger and hatred, harassment, threats, fraud, use of false identities, or stalking. From the description, it is necessary encouragement and support for women in order to use the Internet in a healthy and productive. In addition, women also need to be protected from various threats while interacting in the virtual world. Keywords: cyberspace, gender, woman Copyright © 2014 by Kafa`ah All right reserved DOI : 10.15548/jk.v4i2.101

Holocaust in Kolozsvar: 1944

Kolozsvar Holocaust: 1944 Kolozsvar during 1940-1945, and Cluj before and after, this city, the capital of Transylvania, was deeply affected by the Holocaust. Prior to WWII, it was a hub of cultural activity, led by a cadre of Jewish professionals, artists and academics, who wore their Magyarized identity with pride, and imagined this identity to be protective under the fascist, Nazi leaning governance of the Horthy regime. Operation Margharete, the Nazi invasion of Hungary, brought this to an end on March 19th, 1944 and on May3rd the Jewish population ghettoized and then deported on six trains from May 25th till June9th. Some evaded deportation, by escaping over the border to Romania, by utilizing false identities and hiding, or surviving in the Jewish Labor Force, and by 1945, started to return from the camps. This paper analyses the factors which were most in play during the Spring of 1944, offering detailed insight into how the population was tragically decimated by deportations to Auschwitz. In addition, the various means of escape and evasion, the behavior of the general population and the functions of the Jewish Council are scrutinized. Some new population statistics and models are introduced and shed light on elements previous historiography has omitted.

False-Name Bidding and Economic Efficiency in Combinatorial Auctions

Combinatorial auctions are multiple-item auctions in which bidders may place bids on any package (subset) of goods. This additional expressibility produces benefits that have led to combinatorial auctions becoming extremely important both in practice and in theory. In the computer science community, auction design has focused primarily on computational practicality and incentive compatibility. The latter concerns mechanisms that are resistant to bidders misrepresenting themselves via a single false identity; however, with modern forms of bid submission, such as electronic bidding, other types of cheating have become feasible. Prominent amongst them is false-name bidding; that is, bidding under pseudonyms. For example, the ubiquitous Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism is incentive compatible and produces optimal allocations, but it is not false-name-proof–bidders can increase their utility by submitting bids under multiple identifiers. Thus, there has recently been much interest in the design and analysis of false-name-proof auction mechanisms. These false-name-proof mechanisms, however, have polynomially small efficiency guarantees: they can produce allocations with very low economic efficiency/social welfare. In contrast, we show that, provided the degree to which different goods are complementary is bounded (as is the case in many important, practical auctions), the VCG mechanism gives a constant efficiency guarantee. Constant efficiency guarantees hold even at equilibria where the agents bid in a manner that is not individually rational. Thus, while an individual bidder may personally benefit greatly from making false-name bids, this will have only a small detrimental effect on the objective of the auctioneer: maximizing economic efficiency. So, from the auctioneer's viewpoint the VCG mechanism remains preferable to false-name-proof mechanisms.

Silence et reconnaissance sociale dans le processus de reconstruction d’anciens enfants juifs cachés

BackgroundDuring World War II, many hidden Jewish children survived the Nazi occupation by hiding under false identities, in most cases separated from their parents. After the war, these children were not considered as survivors of the Holocaust and their suffering was often not recognized. Consequently, their experiences were ignored in many narratives of the Holocaust, and this until the end of the 1980s. ObjectivesThis study aims to explain the long lasting silence of former hidden Jewish children and to understand what later made them communicate about their experiences related to World War II. MethodsWe have collected and analyzed 60 life narratives of former hidden Jewish children in order to understand this phenomenon. These people were between 65 and 78 years old when they were interviewed. ResultsWe highlight that cognitive immaturity, psychic sideration, the uncertainty of certain memories, the over-adaptation to the environment and other defensive mechanisms, as well as the absence of social acknowledgment, permit to understand this specific destiny of an early trauma. In the experience of hidden Jewish children trauma is associated with a lack of understanding and a lack of integration of traumatic events. Their young age and the fact of being considered as “lucky” in comparison to other Holocaust survivors reinforced an emotional and representative freezing in the psyche of these children and young adolescents. Psychic freezing is related to their inability to integrate their past and to share it on a collective level. Moreover, their uncertainties in regard to their childhood memories have discouraged them to speak about the past and they lacked backup from the environment to do so; a child though needs the help of an adult in order to understand traumatic events. The over-adaptation to the environment and the fact that often they continued to hide their Jewish identity in adulthood contributed to the maintenance of silence. Furthermore, the lack of social acknowledgement of their trauma and the maintenance of defensive mechanisms impeded the social sharing of their experiences. In the case of hidden children, the narration of a story – that can be told, shared and symbolized – has been impaired by these factors. ConclusionThe experience of hidden Jewish children highlights the importance of social acknowledgement as a condition for sharing traumatic memories, emotions and the recovery of frozen psychic processes. Social acknowledgement has eventually led to a personal recognition of trauma and to the construction of a collective memory. Social acknowledgment of their trauma, projective identification with their grand-children, the desire to transmit their past, aging and the concept of deferred action can explain the resurgence of childhood memories and the sharing of their experiences after decades of silence. These factors often induced a better understanding and a process of symbolization of what had happened to them. If social sharing led to a revival of trauma, it also provided collective support to elaborate the past.

Hidden: A Child’s Story of the Holocaust by Loïc Dauvillier (review)

Reviewed by: Hidden: A Child’s Story of the Holocaust by Loïc Dauvillier Elizabeth Bush Dauvillier, Loïc. Hidden: A Child’s Story of the Holocaust; by Marc Lizano; color by Greg Salsedo. from the French by Alexis Siegel. First Second/Roaring Brook, 2014. 76p. ISBN 978-1-59643-873-6 $16.99 R Gr. 3-6. In this graphic novel imported from France, little Elsa gets out of bed in the middle of the night and hears Grandma crying. Assuming bad dreams have caused her grief, Elsa prompts her grandmother, “You know, when I have a nightmare, I tell Mommy about it and that makes me feel better.” And so Grandma, for the first time, revisits aloud her childhood experience during the Holocaust, from her misunderstanding of the “sheriff’s badge” sewn onto her clothes and her sudden segregation from school activities, to the night her father hid her in a wardrobe during a police raid, through her new life under a false identity, protected by kind neighbors who whisked her off to the relative security of a farm while awaiting news of her parents. The framing story is both affecting and effective, respecting Grandma’s silence over the years while quietly celebrating her triumph over the burden of memory. Dauvillier’s entire cast is portrayed as doll-like figures, childlike and unintimidating; although the style makes the mustached men and violent police seem incongruous in their round-headed, cartoon innocence, it ultimately shifts the reader out of Grandma’s perilously threatened point of view and into that of Elsa, who struggles to comprehend the unimaginable tale her beloved grandmother is telling. Tidy frames delineated by consistent white gutters make this accessible to [End Page 449] GN newbies, and the dusky palette, which segues to warm golden tones as Grandma and Elsa snuggle together through the painful story, underscores the darkness of the period without sacrificing visual clarity. This study in the confrontation of memory will lay the groundwork for readers who will later grapple with Art Spiegelman’s gold standard of GN survivor stories, Maus. Copyright © 2014 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Faith, An Alien and Narrow Path of Christian Ethics in Migration

Abstract The rise of African immigrant communities in the diaspora, especially in Europe and North America, have contributed significantly to the renewal of Christian presence in those contexts. There are significant numbers of the membership of African immigrant congregations who are economic migrants and whose immigration statuses have not been regularized. The average undocumented migrant lives a very difficult life due to the inability to provide authentic papers for work. This affects the lives of immigrants in several ways, including access to healthcare and education for children. In those circumstances the temptation to survive by assuming false identities is very strong. The mission of immigrant churches includes the provision of ‘protection’ for their vulnerable members who need to survive a physically precarious diaspora. That African immigrants often reinterpret their problems in terms of attacks from supernatural forces and envious witches at ‘home’ in Africa informs the approach of the leadership to care and counselling. This paper proposes to identify the pastoral problems of African immigrant Christians within the context of situation ethics and how the inability to regularize their stay in Europe and North America affects Christian morality and mission in ‘alien lands’.

Commentaries on False Identity

Commentaries on False Identity

Commentaries on False Identity

Commentaries on False Identity

Commentaries on False Identity

Commentaries on False Identity

Commentaries on False Identity

Commentaries on False Identity

Interlok: to teach or not to teach, that is the question

Interlok was written by a famous Malaysian laureate, Abdullah Hussein which is seen as a multiculturalism narrative story that developing the process of the building of a national identity that develops out of a rigid ethnic identity. Interlok is one of the compulsory texts to be read by secondary school students in Malaysia, is a novel that claimed to contain „sensitive‟ elements which has arisen the anger and inconvenience among some groups of people in Malaysia. The polemic and stigma have made this issue become over-politicized and left without solutions. The gradual formation of a national identity that gradually develops in a multicultural space, is the vision of the author that he tries to present through the social situation depicted in Interlok. The researchers embark on this qualitative study to investigate the novel from the aspects of literature, education and social responsibility. The main objective is to come out with a proper and rational discussion and solutions to clarify the issues in more mature and intellect ways. The research involves an extensive analysis from various credible sources in order to be just and equal in order to form an ideal national culture of nation building or identity. The findings show that a lot of criticisms produce false identity that differs from the social identity of the real world, in which totally differs with the author‟s vision that concern over the formation of an ideal national identity in this multicultural society is one that is visionary and forward-looking due to his effort to promote positive values in society through literature.

Self-exploration, anonymity and risks in the online setting: analysis of narratives by 14–18-year olds

This article explores youth narratives of Internet risks and opportunities brought about by user anonymity. Using an essay-based study of 258 youth (mean age 15.4 years, 56% female), we examined youth narratives concerning the effects of Internet anonymity on youth behavior online. Narratives were written anonymously to maximize disclosure. The needs categories of self-determination theory (SDT) for autonomy, relatedness, and competence were used to identify risks and opportunities in youth narratives. The analysis of the data was thematic, using both quantitative and qualitative methods with SDT providing an effective descriptive framework. Quantitative thematic analysis showed that 17% of the narratives included a notion of competence, 32% autonomy and 30% relatedness. Risks were also prevalent in the narratives, with primary themes of 74% cyberbullying and insults, 27% identity theft and risky false identity, and 18% sexual harassment or exploitation. The qualitative analysis underlines the interaction of both risks and opportunities in the use of social media online by youth. These findings illuminate both the importance of Internet opportunities as a social tool for youth need fulfillment toward self-determination and the social risks that youth Internet use involves.

FRANÇOIS COUPERIN,MORALISTE?

ABSTRACTAt the turn of the eighteenth century Jean de La Bruyère and many contemporary authors in diverse literary genres undertook intense studies of character that moved beyond popular portraiture to level moral critiques of the social dissimulation rampant in the era. The literary works from François Couperin's personal library and his musical character studies suggest that he too was intrigued with moral issues surrounding character. While musicologists have suggested connections between the character pieces of Couperin and the character studies of La Bruyère, existing comparisons between the two do not explore the moral dimensions of both literary and musical character studies. In this article, I argue that selected musical works from Couperin's four books ofpièces de clavecinparticipated vitally in the moral discourse of the era, taking up similar subject matter to widely read moralistes such as La Bruyère but employing music to articulate social criticism. By making use of the media of music and performance, Couperin's musical portraits extend the scope and power of literary moralism, enlisting musical performance to critique the social performance of false identities.

Forensic intelligence framework—Part I: Induction of a transversal model by comparing illicit drugs and false identity documents monitoring

Forensic intelligence is a distinct dimension of forensic science. Forensic intelligence processes have mostly been developed to address either a specific type of trace or a specific problem. Even though these empirical developments have led to successes, they are trace-specific in nature and contribute to the generation of silos which hamper the establishment of a more general and transversal model. Forensic intelligence has shown some important perspectives but more general developments are required to address persistent challenges. This will ensure the progress of the discipline as well as its widespread implementation in the future. This paper demonstrates that the description of forensic intelligence processes, their architectures, and the methods for building them can, at a certain level, be abstracted from the type of traces considered. A comparative analysis is made between two forensic intelligence approaches developed independently in Australia and in Europe regarding the monitoring of apparently very different kind of problems: illicit drugs and false identity documents. An inductive effort is pursued to identify similarities and to outline a general model. Besides breaking barriers between apparently separate fields of study in forensic science and intelligence, this transversal model would assist in defining forensic intelligence, its role and place in policing, and in identifying its contributions and limitations. The model will facilitate the paradigm shift from the current case-by-case reactive attitude towards a proactive approach by serving as a guideline for the use of forensic case data in an intelligence-led perspective. A follow-up article will specifically address issues related to comparison processes, decision points and organisational issues regarding forensic intelligence (part II).

‘A Deed Agreeable to God’: Andrija Artuković and Croat Ustaše Connections with Ireland

A newly declassified file from the Department of Foreign Affairs archives shows that Andrija Artukovic, fugitive former minister of the interior of the Nazi puppet state of independent Croatia, gained entry to Ireland in 1947 under false pretences. He was not knowingly provided with a safe haven by the Irish state. Artukovic’s arrival in Dublin was part of a wider attempt by Croatian refugees to enter Ireland after the Second World War. State and hierarchy were generally strongly opposed to the entry of Croatian refugees into Ireland. The trial of Croatian Cardinal Stepinac in 1946 softened that opposition and created conditions whereby Artukovic, posing as a refugee from Yugoslav Communism, could enter Ireland using a false identity and with the support of the Franciscan religious order.

Hugo, Goethe, and Patrick White: Sources for <em>The Eye of the Storm</em> and <em>The Vivisector</em>

1) Les Travailleurs de la MerThe French novel that suggests itself in connection with The Eye of Storm would naturally be La Chatreuse de Parme, but there are also several points of narrative that reveal debt to Hugo's Les Travailleurs de la Mer (1866). The first relates to of Odilon Redon, which itself seems to have derived from Hugo's account of King of Auxcriniers: Imagine spectral fish with face of human being. To get rid of him he must be exorcized or fished (Hugo 1:21). We first encounter skiapod when Elizabeth Hunter returns to Kudjerie to nurse her dying husband:She quickly turned pages to escape her unwilling fascination by reaching end of book; when she became spellbound by artist's image of what he called skiapod: not her own actual face, but spiritual semblance which will sometimes float out of looking-glass of unconscious. Unlike most of other monsters in book, this half-fish halfwoman appeared neither allied to, nor threatened by, death: too elusive in weaving through waters, her expression practically effaced mystery; or was it one of dishonesty, of cunning? (White, Eye 194)Redon's name for his image is something of misnomer since skiapods of mythology are monopodal humanoids that use their large single feet as sunshades, whereas his aquatic invention is footless, skull-like face tipping body of something resembling black moor goldfish. However, it's possible he read pous (foot) simply as metonym for locomotion, allowing all fish to qualify as monopods, and shadowy ones, like creature in hand, as skiapods. Nothing in artist's image fixes gender: Elizabeth herself makes it female, turning it into her shamanistic psychopomp in process. Her duality as mystic and hard-edged society woman registers in ambiguous phrase a practically effaced mystery. On one hand, Redon's artistic practice has made face (facies) out (ex) of mystery-given it tangible form, in other words-but has, in process, all but obliterated it (effacer), since mysteries are by definition ineffable. This brings us back to Hugo: Imagine spectral fish with face of human being. To get rid of him he must be exorcized or fished up. The metier that Elizabeth attributes to skiapod-the deep waters that are the looking-glass of unconscious-are also inhabited by other monsters spawned by daylight actions of superego. This has marked resemblance to Hugo's meditation on same phenomenon:Some phantom creation ascends or descends to walk beside us in dim twilight: some existence altogether different from our own, composed partly of ourselves, partly of something else, quits his fellows and returns again, after presenting himself for moment to our inward sight; and sleeper, not wholly slumbering, nor yet entirely conscious, beholds around him strange manifestations of life, strange vegetations-pale spectres, terrible or smiling, dismal phantoms, uncouth masks, unknown faces, hydra-headed monsters, undefined shapes, reflections of moonlight where there is no moon, vague fragments of monstrous forms, things which come and go in troubled atmosphere of sleep, floating forms of darkness, all those mysteries to which men give name of dreams, and which are, in truth, only approach of invisible realities. Dreams are aquarium of night. (Hugo 1: 40)Related to this are crucial nights in Elizabeth Hunter's existence as an invalid, nights when her false diurnal identities are sloughed, setting timed history in abeyance, and opening up an avenue to transcendence. White stresses liminal nature of this world, emblematized by an intermediate light that effaces temporal divisions: Thus placed they were exquisitely united. According to light it was neither night nor day. They inhabited world of trust, to which their bodies and minds were no more than entrance gates (White, Eye 11). …

Sharing is believing: How Syrian digital propaganda images become re-inscribed as heroes

Abstract Our article will take the reader on a tour through collected observations based on digital images, created both by the Syrian Al-Assad regime and anti-regime groups. The pool of digital images on which our observations and deductions are based, are scraped from social media such as Facebook and YouTube. We do not claim to have an entirely representative nor objective collection, but perceive the selected images as being valuable to understand and decode the current political situation since the Syrian uprising started in early 2011. We trace the development and strategies connected to online image production and distribution. What began in 2011 as a euphoric and celebratory use of online images by anti-government protestors, soon became a web of propaganda. On opposing sides of the battle skilled Photoshoppers and hackers join forces in a virtual battle of images and data. Manipulated images, strategic false campaigns, identities and rumours became the norm. We contemplate the lack of identity of the Syrian opposition, as a result of vague and splintered fighters, activists and disappointing leaders. We speculate around the ways that historic images of leaders and childhood characters are re-inscribed to claim an important place online, where leaders and heroes are missing.