False Claims Research Articles

Witnessing the Architecture of a Cancellation: The Silencing of Voices on Palestine in Austrian Academia

This article analyzes the cancellation of a public lecture by Palestinian scholar, Walaa Alqaisiya, during a curatorial program at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna in May 2022 due to false accusations of antisemitism in the context of anti-Palestinian racism in Austria. We speak of an ‘architecture’ because we analyze the questions of power, (in)visibility and erasure from the point of view of the public and institutional spaces, asking who can speak, about what and for whom, when? As a collective of former participants, we write from an implicated positionality that we call ‘participatory witnesses:’ the program ceased to be an abstract exploration of decolonial and queer/feminist perspectives, and transformed us affectively and politically, forcing us to critically respond to the censorship. We start by summarizing the unfolding of events and introducing the figure of the participatory witness and the concept of architecture. Then, we turn to Austrian academia’s climate of censorship of Palestinian perspectives. From this context, we analyze Alqaisiya’s cancellation through the prism of Euromodern Orientalist tropes, disciplinary strategies and civilizational discourses employed to continue the marginalization and exclusion of Palestinian perspectives. We pay particular attention to the significance of silencing queer Palestinian voices in the context of Israeli pinkwashing. Finally, we mnemonically map our attempts at navigating the architecture, negotiating between reclaiming public visibility for queer Palestinian perspectives and collective acts of refusal and delinking.

The role of health-related claims and situational skepticism on consumers’ food choices

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effect of three types of health-related claims (health, nutrition and ingredient) and product healthiness on situational skepticism toward the claims that appear on the front-of-package of food products. The effect of situational skepticism on the purchase intention of the product is further examined.Design/methodology/approachTwo experimental studies were conducted with a 3 (health-related claims: health claim vs nutrition claim vs ingredient claim) × 2 (product healthiness: healthy vs unhealthy) between-subjects factorial design. Study 1 investigates the effects within a single product category (Biscuits) and Study 2 the effects across product categories (Salad and Pizza).FindingsThe results demonstrate that situational skepticism is the highest for health claims, followed by nutrition claims and the least for ingredient claims. In addition, situational skepticism is higher for claims appearing on unhealthy products vis-à-vis healthy ones. Finally, situational skepticism mediates the relationship between claim type, product healthiness and product purchase intention.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the field of nutrition labeling by advancing research on information processing of nutrition labels through the lens of the persuasion knowledge model (Friestad and Wright, 1994). Specifically, this study contributes to a nuanced understanding of claim formats on how the language properties of the claim – its vagueness, specificity and verifiability – can affect consumer perception. This study finds that higher specificity, verifiability and lower vagueness of ingredient claims lead to lower skepticism and hence higher purchase intention.Practical implicationsFurthermore, this study incrementally contributes to the ongoing discussion about the claim–carrier combination by showing that health-related claims are better perceived on healthy compared to unhealthy products. Hence, managers should avoid health washing, as this can backfire and cause harm to the reputation of the firm.Social implicationsFrom a public policy point of view, this study makes a case for strong monitoring and regulations of ingredient claims, as consumers believe these claims easily and hence can be misled by false ingredient claims made by unethical marketers.Originality/valueThe scope of research on skepticism has largely been limited to examining a general individual tendency of being suspicious (i.e. dispositional skepticism) in health-related claims as well as other areas of marketing. In this research, the authors extend the scope by examining how specific types of claims (health vs nutrition vs ingredient) and product healthiness jointly impact consumer skepticism, i.e. situational skepticism.

Prophethood of Muhammad SAW in the Orientalist Perspective: A Critical Analysis

The urgency to reassess the Western Orientalism concept is currently recognized by the Islamic community. Orientalism, with its aim to investigate the East and its entire civilization, is a movement with a relatively long history. Originating from concerns about the diminishing role of the church in Western society post-Renaissance, Orientalist thinking stems from a perspective seeking to emphasize studies on the civilizations of the Eastern world. Orientalist thought not only addresses the Eastern world in general but tends to be highly critical of Islam and the civilization developed within it. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine the aspect of Western Orientalist diabolism in scrutinizing and developing criticisms regarding the Prophethood of Muhammad SAW. This represents a thought model synonymous with the Orientalist movement. In its analysis, the researcher presents some unfounded accusations of Orientalism, also providing critiques to address these accusations.

Reply to "Various issues around the $L_1$-norm distance"

A distance function between two random variables or vectors was proposed in 2003 in a Ph.D. dissertation. Initially called a probability metric, it is now known as "Łukaszyk-Karmowski metric" or LK-metric and has been successfully applied in various fields of science and technology. It does not satisfy the identity of indiscernible (Leibniz's law) axiom of the metric, the ontological axiom also invalidated by the ugly duckling theorem. This note addresses two false claims made in a preprint that LK-metric is the same as the mean absolute difference and that it is ill-defined. The fallacy of the first claim is straightforward: the mean absolute difference is defined solely for independent and identically distributed random variables, contrary to LK-metric. Thus, if one considers E|X-X|, then the random variable X must be independent of itself, which implies its degenerate probability distribution and E|X-X|=0. If X has a degenerate probability distribution, then Y, which is identically distributed as X, also has a degenerate probability distribution and E|X-X|=0=E|X-Y|, invalidating the second claim.

A thematic analysis of disinformation in gender-affirming healthcare bans in the United States

ContextBans on gender-affirming care (GAC) for transgender and gender-expansive (TGE) people are grounded in scientific disinformation and have been challenged in American courts. MethodsFive legal filings by state officials in defense of GAC restriction from initial litigation were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Themes and subthemes of disinformation were identified after review and analysis of these filings. FindingsFive themes of disinformation emerged: False and misleading claims about (1) gender dysphoria and gender identity, (2) the evidence regarding GAC, (3) standard practice of GAC, (4) the safety of GAC, and finally, (5) rejection of medical authority. These themes were well represented across the analyzed documents. ConclusionsThe five disinformation themes and subthemes have been noted in lower courts, but have seen some purchase in appellate courts, suggesting that medical disinformation in law may have far-reaching consequences for medical policy.

The Soviet “Struggle for Peace,” the United Nations, and the Korean War

Abstract Before the Second World War the Soviet Union had been an isolated pariah state, but by the end of the war it had emerged as one of the world's two superpowers. Yet, the founding of the United Nations (UN) in October 1945 brought a new round of international isolation for the USSR, as a Western majority dominated the UN General Assembly during the first ten years of the organization's existence. This article focuses on the Soviet Union's attempt to overcome the Western-led majority during the Korean War, when the Soviet-backed World Peace Council became embroiled in an orchestrated propaganda campaign spreading false allegations that the United States had used biological weapons in Korea. Soviet officials used this campaign to try to discredit both the United States and Not until after the death of Joseph Stalin did Soviet policymakers curtail their support for the baseless allegations, though in public they refrained from acknowledging the falsity of the earlier claims.

Radiology quick cash? Kickbacks, compliance, and consequences

The Anti-Kickback Statute was passed by Congress in the 1970s to reduce the overuse of government-reimbursed medical services. It attempts to eliminate fraud, abuse, and waste of medical services by outlawing the incentive of personal gain when referring patients for government-funded services. Although safe harbors were written into the law to maintain transactions beneficial to society, they require strict adherence. Anti-Kickback Statute violations are subject to the whistleblower provision of the False Claims Act, and violations can yield significant civil and criminal penalties.

Intersex Pretenders.

False claims of having an intersex condition have been observed in print, video, Internet media, and in live presentations. Claims of being intersexed in publicly accessible media were examined and evidence that they were false was considered sufficiently conclusive in 37 cases. Falsity was most often detected due to medical implausibility and/or inconsistency, but sometimes also using information from third-party or published sources. The majority, 26/37, of cases were natal males; 11/37 were natal females. Almost all (34/37) were transgendered, living, or aspiring to live, in their non-natal sex or as socially intergender. The most commonly claimed diagnosis was ovotesticular disorder ("true hermaphroditism") due to chimerism, an actually uncommon cause of authentic intersexuality. Motivations for pretending to be intersexed were inferred from statements and behaviors and were varied. Some such pretenders appear to be avoiding the external or internalized stigma of an actual transgendered condition. Some appear, similarly to persons with factitious disorder, to be seeking attention and/or the role of a sick, disadvantaged, or victimized person. Some showed evidence of paraphilia, most frequently autogynephilia, and, in several cases, paraphilic diaperism. For some cases, such claims had been accepted as authentic by journalists or social scientists and repeated as true in published material.

訒齋 崔晛의 문학과 현실인식

Choi Hyun pursued practical studies. In his official life, he pointed out the shortcomings of politics at the time through letters to the king, and during the war, he sent letters to his superiors to directly discuss the pros and cons of military administration. Through the Imjin War and the Byeongjaeran, he created many works related to practical public works such as people's livelihood, national defense, military law, astronomy, geography, history, and mathematics. It is noteworthy that he did not leave behind any works related to Neo-Confucianism, despite being taught and associated with Neo-Confucian scholars. Choi Hyun had a very difficult political life, including exile and false accusations, because he spoke the truth and had no reservations with a strong and spirited attitude. He also lived an unfortunate life personally, with his wife and children dying early due to illness. He diagnosed the reality of the time as an era of concern and emphasized that the only way to overcome it was to “strive for practicality and preserve sincerity.” In order to restore the era of upheaval, he discussed the successes and failures and gains and losses of the past and present, always presenting fundamental solutions. The claims that “both the fundamental and the branches should be considered” and “the end and the beginning should be consistent” are examples of this. Choi Hyun used sincere content, logical composition, and simple and ordinary sentences. He rejected flashy writing and sought writing that contained the ideas of a gentleman. He also sought sentences that conveyed the content and meaning of the text. Choi Hyun wrote novels, Hangul songs, and travel diaries. He created 141 poems in Chinese. The contents include object recognition and self-cultivation, the horrors of war, bureaucratic anxiety, family hardships, and the exploits of heroes. In his letters, he mentioned the fundamental methods of preparing for war and argued for establishing discipline and fairly administering military law. In his letters to the king, he requested the king to innovate the shortcomings and save the politics of the time based on his critical awareness of real problems. Choi Hyun is a unique literary figure who created literary works in various ways. He used Hangul and Chinese characters simultaneously to create his works, and his methods were diverse, including novels, songs, poems, diaries, and practical writings. Based on in-depth research on In-jae's life and scholarship, we look forward to a comprehensive study of his role and status in the political and academic world at the time, and his influence on future generations.

낙태죄 비범죄화 이후

Access to safe abortion is a key aspect of sexual and reproductive rights. However, even after the decriminalization of abortion in 2021, abortion care has not been normalized in South Korea. This study analyzes the current state of medical assistance and access to abortion after decriminalization, with a focus on abortion due to sexual violence, keeping in mind that abortion, even before decriminalization, was not punished and it was included in the government’s medical expenses subsidy. In-depth interviews with sexual violence victim support workers and healthcare providers revealed that while decriminalization has improved access to care and information, many interviewees did not see any significant changes in medical support for abortion for sexual violence victims. Both support organizations and providers often felt that “abortion has not been legal yet” and as a result, they felt that they were under pressure to make sure that a pregnancy was the result of sexual violence in order to justify providing assistance to victims. As a result they tend to impose strict requirements on victims for providing medical assistance for them. In some cases, support organizations required a complaint of sexual violence, DNA matching of the perpetrator and the fetus, a case conference decision by an external advisor, or parental consent for adolescent victims as prerequisites for medical assistance, which made it impossible for victims to receive assistance. In addition, the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family’s guidelines discourage supporting organizations to apply for assistance as the guidelines stress the possibility of being accused of false accusation and redeeming of support money. It was also pointed out that the guidelines do not specify whether to support medical expenses for pregnancies resulting from prostitution, so the possibility of support is ambiguous. The most difficult thing with regard to supporting abortion was to find a medical professional who would provide medical care ad abortion to victims. Despite being a victim of sexual violence, women were frequently rejected by healthcare providers and were not officially provided with information on which hospitals could provide abortion care. The experiences of being rejected by medical professionals or support organizations in itself caused worse stigma and pain of abortion for victims. Even at hardly found hospitals, it was often the case that hospitals refuse abortion operation expenses be covered by medical insurance and charged high fees while abortions were mostly performed surgically. Parental consent was required for all processes of investigation and medical assistance, leading adolescent victims to abandon their requests for assistance because they were unable to inform their guardians about their problems. There were also challenges in ensuring the right to self-determination for victims with developmental disabilities. Secondary victimization has been found occurred during the medical assistance, investigation, and victim assistance processes. Post-abortion support for contraception was limited, and counseling and follow-up support were scarce. Since the decriminalization of abortion, amendments to the abortion law were submitted to the National Assembly which maintain the punishment of abortion but limiting them based on respective of reasons. The Ministry of Women and Family Affairs’ policy regarding abortion is that it will only fund abortions in some cases of sexual violence. However, the results of the in-depth interviews show that no support for abortion is possible while criminalizing or stigmatizing it in principle. Given the above-mentioned interview results, this study recommends the measures to ensure the right to abortion for sexual violence victims.

Problematik dan Krisis Pendidikan Islam

This research aims to describe the problematic and crisis of Islamic education, encompassing the issues faced by contemporary and future Islamic education, the challenges posed to Islamic education in the present and future, and alternative solutions to the issues of current and future Islamic education. The study adopts a qualitative research approach utilizing literature review (library research), with books and other literature as the main focus of the research. The literature obtained from various references is critically and comprehensively analyzed to support the propositions and ideas presented in the research.The challenges faced by contemporary Islamic education include the deterioration of the pillars of character education, the existence of Islamic educational institutions such as pesantren and madrasah that need to develop their curriculum to meet the demands of the times, among other issues. Specific challenges involve educational management aspects, where future education planning needs to encompass three fundamental aspects of society: socio, techno, and bio futures, with all implications and impacts on human life.Particularly for pesantren, there is a challenge in addressing the progress of Science and Technology (Iptek), Western culture, and unfounded accusations directed towards Islamic boarding schools. Alternative solutions proposed include a new paradigm for Islamic education based on both the theocentric and anthropocentric philosophies. Islamic education should be capable of building scholarly and progressive educational integration of spiritual, moral, and material values for human life. Additionally, Islamic education should emphasize a more flexible structure, treating students as individuals in constant development, and consistently interacting with the environment.

How does a “neutral” rule become a systemic barrier to racial justice? Human rights activism, International Olympic Committee Rule 50, and the neutrality myth in racialized organizations

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the International Olympic Committee’s Rule 50 – a policy prohibiting athlete protest at the Games – as its site of analysis to examine how sport policy becomes contested terrain when being utilized by those in power to reinforce an unjust status quo. Specifically, we drew from critical discourse analysis and Ray’s Theory of Racialized Organizations to better understand how discourses of the neutrality of sport allow for the rule to be utilized to perpetuate hegemonic norms that silence activism among athletes and disguise unequal power relations in global sport governance. Through analysis of the contemporary discourses surrounding the IOC’s recent Rule 50 consultation, we found that those calling for keeping the rule intact framed the issue as an organizational integrity issue, whereas those calling for abolishment and amendments framed the rule as a human rights issue. As such, we critique the continuing effect of the neutrality myth in global sport governance – a harmful racist myth perpetuated by those governing Olympic sport that rests on the false claim of Olympic idealism being free from politics and social ills.

Frequent Presentation of Counterfeit Gunshot Wounds in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India: A Case Series

Introduction: Self-inflicted wounds, or wounds produced by another acting in accord with him, are wounds inflicted by a person on his own body. The purpose of fabricating injuries is to file a false claim of assault against an opponent, to alter the appearance of a minor injury in order to attract more attention and a harsher punishment for the alleged accused. Someone may also pretend these as defence wounds, so as to conceal homicide.Result: In a short period of 1 year, i.e. from August 2020 to July 2021 in a single unit of Department of General Surgery, 8 cases of Counterfeit Gunshot Wounds are there which depicts that the foul play is at large scale and these gunshot wounds are not present over the vital organs of the body.Conclusion: The combined efforts of all investigating authorities and doctors can help to avoid injury fabrication, which will not only decrease wasteful litigation in the courts, but will also help to avoid harassment of innocent individuals.

False accusations, arrests, and persecution of Christians. Formative factors and impact of state laws of religious freedom in India

False accusations, arrests, and persecution of Christians. Formative factors and impact of state laws of religious freedom in India

Forensic Discrimination of condom lubricants using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics- effect of matrices, pre-coital and post-coital conditions.

The escalating rates of rape and sexual assault cases underscore the essential need to analyze associative evidence of sexual assault to ensure justice. The condom, when used during the act of sexual assault/rape, leaves behind traces of lubricant that could be instrumental in establishing the link between the victim and perpetrator. This leading evidence is crucial especially when the traditional DNA analysis is challenging owing to the lack of biological evidence. The present study employs the use of ATR FTIR spectroscopy coupled with the chemometric, to discern the chemical discrimination of condom lubricants. The study also aimed to investigate simulated real-case scenarios by analysing the effect of different matrices such as vaginal fluid, menstrual blood, and undergarment substrates (cotton, polyester and nylon) on condom traces. The difference in the spectral profile of pre-coitus and post-coitus samples was also investigated. The results of the present study are noteworthy, unveiling the efficacy of discriminating the condom lubricants of different brands and other frequently used household lubricants with 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Condom lubricants are detected despite the presence of contaminants such as menstrual blood, and vaginal fluid, across different substrates and, in post-coital conditions. In conclusion, this study presents a comprehensive approach to analysing condom lubricants, offering a potential breakthrough in the investigation of sexual assault cases, coupled with the ability to counter false accusations.

Unveiling the Web of Deception: An Analysis of Misleading Information on COVID-19 in Online Platforms

Introduction: Rumors published during the COVID-19 pandemic have damaged people's understanding of a particular medical condition, as well as the conditions necessary for crisis management. The present study aimed to explore the extent of misinformation, including Fake, False, and Misleading news on COVID-19, which is available on the Internet.Material and Methods: Data were obtained from "Poynter," a fact-checking database that unites fake news and debunks or fact-checks them with supporting articles from fact-checkers in more than 70 countries. The retrieved claims were classified into five categories of myths presented on the WHO website. To have a better understanding of the entity of claims, the most common keywords presented in the retrieved news title were extracted using Python3 programming language.Results: The findings showed that False and Misleading news retrieved in 2020 was primarily related to the transmission category, while in 2021, most of the False and Misleading claims were related to the prevention category. The most repetitive keyword was related to "COVID-19 vaccine”. Also, most of the misinformation has been distributed through social media. Most misinformation has been published through the Facebook social network (59%).Conclusion: Social networks have an elevated share in disseminating misinformation, and Facebook was recognized as the most popular one in terms of disseminating such news. The WHO and health-related institutions should prevent the spread of this news by informing and using the latest technologies and trying to reduce this information to pave the way for a pandemic to move towards control or possible termination.

“Planning for anything, not for everything:” Uncertainty and temporal coordination in social movement organizing

A month before the 2020 US presidential election, then President Trump amplified a false claim about poll watchers monitoring early voting in Philadelphia, stating “They were thrown out. They weren’t allowed to watch. You know why? Because bad things happen in Philadelphia, bad things.” The months preceding the November 3rd election featured many similar discursive attacks on the integrity of Philadelphia's election systems, part of a larger right-wing campaign to delegitimate election outcomes in advance. Fearing what this might portend for election day, dozens of local progressive movement organizations and activist groups formed the “Philadelphia Action Council” (PAC), a coordinative space for organizing and planning a mobilized response to a contested election. Strategic collective action involves the coordination of complex temporal orientations, at multiple scales, however, PAC activists couldn’t be sure when, where, or for how long they may need to mobilize, nor what sorts of targets or messages or tactics the action should be orientated around. In fact, they couldn’t be sure if they would need to mobilize at all. In this paper, I analyze the temporal structure of the PAC's “action council” model, arguing that the contingent, eventful temporality embedded in the structure of the PAC engendered similarly contingent modifications in the temporal orientations of its participants, allowing PAC activists to embrace uncertainty in ways that they typically strive to avoid. I then demonstrate how the embrace of uncertainty (somewhat paradoxically) expanded the PAC's collective capacity for improvisation and adaptation in the days following the election. This research draws on (and contributes to) critical time studies to further the emergent project of temporalities research in the field of social movements studies.

Insider Threats to the Military Health System: A Systematic Background Check of TRICARE West Providers.

To address the pandemic, the Defense Health Agency (DHA) expanded its TRICARE civilian provider network by 30.1%. In 2022, the DHA Annual Report stated that TRICARE's provider directories were only 80% accurate. Unlike Medicare, the DHA does not publicly reveal National Provider Identification (NPI) numbers. As a result, TRICARE's 9.6 million beneficiaries lack the means to verify their doctor's credentials. Since 2013, the Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) Office of Inspector General (OIG) has excluded 17,706 physicians and other providers from federal health programs due to billing fraud, neglect, drug-related convictions, and other offenses. These providers and their NPIs are included on the OIG's List of Excluded Individuals and Entities (LEIE). Patients who receive care from excluded providers face higher risks of hospitalization and mortality. We sought to assess the extent to which TRICARE screens health care provider names on their referral website against criminal databases. Between January 1-31, 2023, we used TRICARE West's provider directory to search for all providers within a 5-mile radius of 798 zip codes (38 per state, ≥10,000 residents each, randomly entered). We then copied and pasted all directory results' first and last names, business names, addresses, phone numbers, fax numbers, degree types, practice specialties, and active or closed statuses into a CSV file. We cross-referenced the search results against US and state databases for medical and criminal misconduct, including the OIG-LEIE and General Services Administration's (GSA) SAM.gov exclusion lists, the HHS Office of Civil Rights Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) breach reports, 15 available state Medicaid exclusion lists (state), the International Trade Administration's Consolidated Screening List (CSL), 3 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) debarment lists, the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) list of January 6 federal defendants, and the OIG-HHS list of fugitives (FUG). Our provider search yielded 111,619 raw results; 54 zip codes contained no data. After removing 72,156 (64.65%) duplicate entries, closed offices, and non-TRICARE West locations, we identified 39,463 active provider names. Within this baseline sample group, there were 2398 (6.08%) total matches against all exclusion and sanction databases, including 2197 on the OIG-LEIE, 2311 on the GSA-SAM.gov list, 2 on the HIPAA list, 54 on the state Medicaid exclusion lists, 69 on the CSL, 3 on the FDA lists, 53 on the FBI list, and 10 on the FUG. TRICARE's civilian provider roster merits further scrutiny by law enforcement. Following the National Institute of Standards and Technology 800, the DHA can mitigate privacy, safety, and security clearance threats by implementing an insider threat management model, robust enforcement of the False Claims Act, and mandatory security risk assessments. These are the views of the author, not the Department of Defense or the US government.

Pedagogiczne konteksty humanistyki Floriana Znanieckiego w najnowszej interpretacji Lecha Witkowskiego – wnioski dla Ukrainy

The article substantiates the pedagogical aspects of the humanities as presented by the Polish scholar Florian Znaniecki, through the prism of current concerns of Ukrainian science, using the materials from Lech Witkowski’s extensive book Uroszczenia i transaktualność w humanistyce. Florian Znaniecki: dziedzictwo idei i jego pęknięcia [False claims and transactuality in the Humanities. Florian Znaniecki: the legacy of ideas and its ruptures.] Analysing Znaniecki’s contradictory viewpoints regarding the role of pedagogy in the system of humanistic knowledge, Witkowski convincingly emphasizes the “pedagogy” or pedagogical orientation of Znaniecki’s scientific work and identifies the actual tasks for modern pedagogy, based on the contradictions of modern cultural life or the democratic ideal. The author of the article attempts to place these emphases (Is pedagogy a humanistic or a social science?) and to reevaluate fundamental notions in the field of methodology through the prism of Ukrainian humanities. Witkowski also identifies contemporary objectives for modern pedagogy, drawing from the discrepancies observed in current cultural dynamics or the democratic paradigm. The author emphasizes the challenges of modern humanities in the context of the formation of democratic values, fostering national identity, promoting civic engagement, and media culture to counteract the information war, interdisciplinary approach, complementarity, and social orientation in the post-humanist paradigm. The article analyses some critical aspects of Znaniecki’s views in the latest interpretation of Witkowski, who convincingly goes beyond the traditional receptions of the Polish sociologist’s pedagogical discourses. The article highlights the topical issues of academic (dis)integrity, according to L. Witkowski’s book, in which Znaniecki’s theoretical concept of conjugated duality, irrationality, and bureaucratization of science gains significant prominence.

The Proposal of Countermeasures for DeepFake Voices on Social Media Considering Waveform and Text Embedding

In recent times, advancements in text-to-speech technologies have yielded more natural-sounding voices. However, this has also made it easier to generate malicious fake voices and disseminate false narratives. ASVspoof stands out as a prominent benchmark in the ongoing effort to automatically detect fake voices, thereby playing a crucial role in countering illicit access to biometric systems. Consequently, there is a growing need to broaden our perspectives, particularly when it comes to detecting fake voices on social media platforms. Moreover, existing detection models commonly face challenges related to their generalization performance. This study sheds light on specific instances involving the latest speech generation models. Furthermore, we introduce a novel framework designed to address the nuances of detecting fake voices in the context of social media. This framework considers not only the voice waveform but also the speech content. Our experiments have demonstrated that the proposed framework considerably enhances classification performance, as evidenced by the reduction in equal error rate. This underscores the importance of considering the waveform and the content of the voice when tasked with identifying fake voices and disseminating false claims.