Fall Risk Level Research Articles

Analysis of fall risk increasing drugs on Morse Fall Scale in geriatric patients (a study at geriatric outpatient clinic Airlangga University Teaching Hospital)

Falls are the geriatric syndromes that become one of the main causes of injury, even death in the elderly. It is known that one of the risk factors for falling is the use of certain drugs that have the effect of orthostatic hypotension, sedation, balance disruptions, and other side effects. This study aims to examine the risk of falling based on Morse scale of geriatric patient that use fall-risk drug. Retrospective data were taken from e-prescriptions for geriatric patients and interviews with the patients to determine the risk of falling based on the Morse scale. The results showed that 115 patients who used the fall-risk drug had an average risk of falling from mild to moderate. The high fall-risk drug used by most patients was gabapentin (43%), the moderate fall-risk drug was candesartan (60%), and the low fall-risk drug was furosemide (9%). Patients with the total of 71% received a combination of two to four fall-risk drugs. Total MFRS of ≥6 was 53% patients, meaning that the patients’ using of drugs needed to be evaluated. From the results of statistical analysis, it was found that the number of fall risk drugs received by patients was not associated to the risk of falling in geriatric patients, while increasing the dose of high fall-risk drugs such as gabapentin, increased the fall risk level in geriatric patients. From the result of this study, it is known that fall-risk drugs are widely used by patients, hence it is necessary to increase the awareness of falling in geriatric patients.

Comparison of three fall risk assessment tools in older hospitalized patients in Turkey: analysis of sensitivity and specificity.

As a result of falls, older patients experience injury and loss of function, and their length of hospital stay and care costs increase. This study was conducted to determine fall risks and compare the sensitivity and specificity of three fall risk assessment tools. Older patients' fall risk levels were determined according to the Itaki, Hendrich-II, and Morse tools within 2 h following their admission to the wards. A methodological design was used in the study, which included 388 hospitalized elderly patients. The mean age of the patients was 72.29 ± 5.6years, and 57.7% were female. According to the ROC curve values of Sensitivity and 1-Specificity, the cut-off points for the Hendrich-II, Itaki, and Morse fall tools were accepted as 27.5, 8.5, and 6.5, respectively. According to the analysis results, the ratios of the areas under the ROC curve for the Itaki, Morse, and Hendrich-II fall tools were 0.794, 0.773, and 0.724, respectively, which were found to be statistically significant for all three tools (p ≤ 0.001). The Itaki Fall Risk Tool was found to be the most sensitive one among the three instruments in assessing the fall risk of older hospitalized patients. The Itaki Fall Risk Tool was followed by the Morse and Hendrich-II tools, respectively, in terms of sensitivity.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FALLS: RACIAL/ETHNIC CONSIDERATIONS

Abstract Prevention of falls is important to independent living and good health in older age. This symposium brings together four studies on epidemiology of falls among community-dwelling older adults. The first study examined location and activity-specific fall rates among 388 older adults in Massachusetts. Compared to Asians, annual rates of indoor and outdoor falls and falls while walking were substantially higher among non-Hispanic White and Hispanics. The second study evaluated racial/ethnic differences in fear of falling, depression, lack of physical activity and negative self-perceptions of aging in 121 low-income older adults. The highest levels of fall risk were found in Hispanics and Asian Americans, fear of falling in African Americans, and depression in Hispanics. The third study assessed the relationship between objectively measured sedentary bout frequency with recurrent falls (2+ falls/year) among 2,918 men aged 79.0±5.1 years attending the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) Year 7 (2007-2009) visit. The analysis found a likely U-shaped association between sedentary bout frequency and recurrent falls risk, with the least and most active men are at higher risk. The fourth study investigated the association between fear of falling and falls risk among Chinese and non-Chinese older adults in Singapore using data collected via an electronic survey between January and February 2022. The analysis did not find significant ethnic differences in fear of falling. Although limited by sizes, these studies found racial and ethic differences in fall rates, physical activity, fear of falling and other risk factors, which are of great interest for further investigations.

FALL RISK, FEAR OF FALLING, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND SELF-PERCEPTIONS IN ETHNICALLY DIVERSE LOW-INCOME OLDER ADULTS

Abstract Falls and fear of falling (FOF) are the leading cause of disability, and hospitalization in ethnically diverse low-income older adults. The present study included an ethnically diverse sample of low-income older adults (N=121) to examine ethnic and income-based group differences in risk factors for falls (high FOF, depression, avoidance of physical activity) and the role of negative self-perceptions of aging in driving these risk factors. Results revealed the highest levels of fall risk among Hispanics and Asian Americans, FOF among African Americans, and depression among Hispanics. Accelerometer-based physical activity measures confirmed that low-income older adults had lower levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared with their high-income counterparts (p=0.04). Further, financial difficulty was related to MVPA (p<0.001), depression, anxiety, and fall risk (p=0.01). Critically, we also found a strong relationship between negative self-perceptions of aging and FOF (p = 0.002) across groups.

Relationship between Kinesiophobia, Fall Risk and Activity Level among Elderly Females after Total Knee Arthroplasty

Relationship between Kinesiophobia, Fall Risk and Activity Level among Elderly Females after Total Knee Arthroplasty

New onset delirium prediction using machine learning and long short-term memory (LSTM) in electronic health record.

To develop and test an accurate deep learning model for predicting new onset delirium in hospitalized adult patients. Using electronic health record (EHR) data extracted from a large academic medical center, we developed a model combining long short-term memory (LSTM) and machine learning to predict new onset delirium and compared its performance with machine-learning-only models (logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, neural network, and LightGBM). The labels of models were confusion assessment method (CAM) assessments. We evaluated models on a hold-out dataset. We calculated Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) measures to gauge the feature impact on the model. A total of 331489 CAM assessments with 896 features from 34035 patients were included. The LightGBM model achieved the best performance (AUC 0.927 [0.924, 0.929] and F1 0.626 [0.618, 0.634]) among the machine learning models. When combined with the LSTM model, the final model's performance improved significantly (P = .001) with AUC 0.952 [0.950, 0.955] and F1 0.759 [0.755, 0.765]. The precision value of the combined model improved from 0.497 to 0.751 with a fixed recall of 0.8. Using the mean absolute SHAP values, we identified the top 20 features, including age, heart rate, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale score, Morse fall risk score, pulse, respiratory rate, and level of care. Leveraging LSTM to capture temporal trends and combining it with the LightGBM model can significantly improve the prediction of new onset delirium, providing an algorithmic basis for the subsequent development of clinical decision support tools for proactive delirium interventions.

Fall-Risk Assessment and Intervention to Reduce Fall-related Injuries and Hospitalization among Older Adults

Falls have become a leading cause of injury and death among older adults. This pilot study assessed fall risk and carried out a physical activity intervention among 23 adults aged 65 and older during their annual wellness visits to reduce fall-related injuries and hospitalizations. The results showed a reduction of fall-related injuries by 11.8% after the 12-week intervention. The fall-risk level in patients with moderate-to-high fall risk, decreased by 12.9%. The mean time spent on physical activity was 67 minutes per day. All fall-related injuries occurred with women. The three main risk factors were found to be neuropathy, medication, and balance.

Physical Activity and Fall Prevention in Geriatric Inpatients in an Acute Care Unit (AGIR Study): Protocol for a Usability Study

BackgroundFalls are one of the world’s top 10 risks associated with disability in people older than 60 years. They also represent more than two-thirds of adverse events in hospitals, mainly affecting patients older than 65 years. Physical activity is a central intervention in fall prevention for older people. Whatever the details of the prevention strategy that is adopted (ie, how a mono- or multifactorial intervention is evaluated, the category of person the intervention targets, and where it is used), it is important to ensure that the proposed intervention is feasible and usable for the patient and the health care team.ObjectiveThe primary objective is to study the usability of carrying out a physical activity intervention, including 3 types of exercises, in older patients hospitalized in a geriatric acute care unit and categorized according to 3 fall risk levels: low, moderate, and high. The secondary objectives are to determine the difficulty of the physical exercise for patients with different fall risk levels, to study the health care team’s perceptions of the intervention’s feasibility, and to study the benefits for patients.MethodsThis is an open-label, unicenter, nonrandomized, usability prospective clinical trial. The intervention tested is a daily physical activity program. It consists of 3 types of physical exercise: staying out of bed for at least 3 hours, performing balance exercises while standing for 2 minutes, and the Five Times Sit to Stand transfer exercise. These exercises are carried out under the supervision of the health care team. Fall risk in the patients is classified with the Brief Geriatric Assessment tool. The exercise program starts on the second day of hospitalization after inclusion in the study. Patient assessment continues until the last day of hospitalization or the 20th day of hospitalization, whichever is earlier. For each fall-risk group and each type of exercise, the intervention will be defined as usable if at least 80% of the participants complete 75% or more of the exercises (ie, the ratio between the number of days when the patient completes a type of exercise and the total number of hospitalization days). The perceived feasibility by the health care team is measured with 2 scales, measuring perceived difficulty and time spent with the patient. The intervention benefit is evaluated using the performance of the Five Times Sit to Stand test before and after the intervention.ResultsThe first patient was recruited on March 16, 2015. The study enrolled 266 patients, including 75 with low fall risk, 105 with moderate risk, and 85 with high risk.ConclusionsWe have not yet analyzed the results, but our observations suggest that the usability of each type of exercise for a given patient will depend on their fall risk level.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02393014; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02393014International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/32288

The effects of social isolation due to COVID-19 on the fear of movement, falling, and physical activity in older people.

ObjectiveThis study investigates the interaction between fear of movement, fall risk, and physical activity levels in ageing individuals who experienced social isolation during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsIn this descriptive and cross‐sectional study, 254 eligible participants used an online background survey. Individuals’ fear of movement was evaluated by the kinesiophobia causes scale, fall risk by the falls efficacy scale, and physical activity levels by the physical activity scale for the ageing.ResultsThe fear of movement had a significant positive interaction on fall risk (β = 0.471, R 2 = 0.495, p < 0.001). The fall risk had a negative effect on physical activity (β = −1.686, R 2 = 0.161, p < 0.001). The fear of movement and fall risk explained 15.6% of the change in physical activity levels of ageing individuals (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThese results showed a significant interaction between physical activity levels and fear of movement, with a high fall risk in ageing individuals during the pandemic period.

Risk Factors according to Fall Risk Level in General Hospital Inpatients

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the predictors of falls according to the fall risk level in general hospital inpatients.Methods: Data were extracted from electronic medical records from January 2017 to December 2019. This study included 170 fallers and 340 non-fallers, who were matched for gender, age, clinical department, and length of stay before falls among inpatients aged 18 years and over. The collected data were analyzed with the x2 test, Fisher exact test, independent t-test, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS for Windows version 24.0.Results: In the low-risk group, defecation disorder (odds ratio [OR]=12.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.16~134.33, p=.037) and laxative use (OR=9.62, 95% CI=2.14~43.22, p=.003) were statistically significant risk factors for falls. In the medium-risk group, disorientation (OR=2.40, 95% CI=1.11~5.19, p=.026) was a statistically significant risk factor for falls. In the high-risk group, disorientation (OR=12.54, 95% CI=1.39~113.26, p=.024) and hypoglycemic agent use (OR=5.39, 95% CI=1.58~18.44, p=.007) were statistically significant risk factors for falls.Conclusion: The results of this study show that risk factors for falls differed among the fall risk groups. It is necessary to use fall prevention strategies tailored to fall risk groups and fall risk assessment tools that have been revised accordingly.

Development of an algorithm for assessing fall risk in a Japanese inpatient population

Falling is a representative incident in hospitalization and can cause serious complications. In this study, we constructed an algorithm that nurses can use to easily recognize essential fall risk factors and appropriately perform an assessment. A total of 56,911 inpatients (non-fall, 56,673; fall; 238) hospitalized between October 2017 and September 2018 were used for the training dataset. Correlation coefficients, multivariable logistic regression analysis, and decision tree analysis were performed using 36 fall risk factors identified from inpatients. An algorithm was generated combining nine essential fall risk factors (delirium, fall history, use of a walking aid, stagger, impaired judgment/comprehension, muscle weakness of the lower limbs, night urination, use of sleeping drug, and presence of infusion route/tube). Moreover, fall risk level was conveniently classified into four groups (extra-high, high, moderate, and low) according to the priority of fall risk. Finally, we confirmed the reliability of the algorithm using a validation dataset that comprised 57,929 inpatients (non-fall, 57,695; fall, 234) hospitalized between October 2018 and September 2019. Using the newly created algorithm, clinical staff including nurses may be able to appropriately evaluate fall risk level and provide preventive interventions for individual inpatients.

XGBoost based machine learning approach to predict the risk of fall in older adults using gait outcomes

This study aimed to identify the optimal features of gait parameters to predict the fall risk level in older adults. The study included 746 older adults (age: 63–89 years). Gait tests (20 m walkway) included speed modification (slower, preferred, and faster-walking) while wearing the inertial measurement unit sensors embedded in the shoe-type data loggers on both outsoles. A metric was defined to classify the fall risks, determined based on a set of questions determining the history of falls and fear of falls. The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model was built from gait features to predict the factor affecting the risk of falls. Moreover, the definition of the fall levels was classified into high- and low-risk groups. At all speeds, three gait features were identified with the XGBoost (stride length, walking speed, and stance phase) that accurately classified the fall risk levels. The model accuracy in classifying fall risk levels ranged between 67–70% with 43–53% sensitivity and 77–84% specificity. Thus, we identified the optimal gait features for accurate fall risk level classification in older adults. The XGBoost model could inspire future works on fall prevention and the fall-risk assessment potential through the gait analysis of older adults.

Creating a Safer Patient Room Environment: The Contribution of Patient Bed Height

Elderly patient falls are expensive and may cause serious harm. Studies have identified the sit-to-stand-and-walk (STSW) task as the task where the greatest number of elderly patient falls occur. There is a great need to identify the particular movement and environmental conditions that lead to these elderly patient falls. This study begins to address this gap by evaluating the elderly patient during self-selected hospital bed egress. Using an observed fall risk episode (FRE) as a fall proxy, statistically significant parameters were identified which include bed height, pausing prior to initiating gait, level of fall risk, and Stand phase. Low bed height was identified as the least safe bed height. Patient-specific bed height (PSBH) using the patient’s lower leg length (LLL) is recommended. In addition, suggested guidelines are presented for clinical application in setting PSBH without measuring the patient’s LLL.

Fall risk prediction model for older men and women based on ambulatory physical activity level – A cross-sectional population-based study from the Oporto Region

Introduction. Falls among the elderly are an important community health problem due to its high incidence, functional and social repercussion. Dissimilar results arose in recent studies concerning fall risk and physical activity levels. This study measures the association between physical activity (PA) levels, and fall risk (FR), investigates which levels of PA are influential in FR and presents a fall risk prediction models for the elderly. Material and Methods. One hundred and seventy elderly adults (72.34 ± 6.70 years old, 124 female), completed Performance-Orientated-Mobility-Assessment; PA was assessed by accelerometry. Pearson’s correlation verified the association between FR, Age, and PA. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to investigate the influence of variables on FR. Results. PA, age are predictors of FR, with PA (moderate, negative) age (moderate, positive). MLR analysis showed FR variability explained by PA (42.0%) and by age (37.0%), and by gender, female FR explained by light PA (47.0%), while in male, FR explained by sedentary behaviour (44.1%) and age (22.7%) independently. Conclusion. Individuals with higher physical activity have lower fall risk. Older are prone to fall. Older women with light physical activity are less likely to fall. Older men with more sedentary behaviour are prone to fall.

The Relationship Between Fall Risk and Hospital-Based Therapy Utilization Is Moderated by Demographic Characteristics and Insurance Type

ObjectiveTo investigate whether indicators of patient need (comorbidity burden, fall risk) predict acute care rehabilitation utilization, and whether this relation varies across patient characteristics (ie, demographic characteristics, insurance type). DesignSecondary analysis of electronic health records data. SettingFive acute care hospitals. ParticipantsAdults (N=110,209) admitted to 5 regional hospitals between 2014 and 2018. InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresOccupational therapy (OT) and physical therapy (PT) utilization. Logistic regression models determined whether indicators of patient need predicted OT and PT utilization. Interactions between indicators of need and both demographic factors (eg, minority status, presence of significant other) and insurance type were included to investigate whether the relation between patient need and therapy access varied across patient characteristics. ResultsGreater comorbidity burden was associated with a higher likelihood of receiving OT and PT. Relative to those with low fall risk, those with moderate and high fall risk were more likely to receive OT and PT. The relation between fall risk and therapy utilization differed across patient characteristics. Among patients with higher levels of fall risk, those with a significant other were less likely to receive OT and PT; significant other status did not explain therapy utilization among patients with low fall risk. Among those with high fall risk, patients with VA insurance and minority patients were more likely to receive PT than those with private insurance and nonminority patients, respectively. Insurance type and minority status did not appear to explain PT utilization among those with lower fall risk. ConclusionsPatients with greater comorbidity burden and fall risk were more likely to receive acute care rehabilitation. However, the relation between fall risk and utilization was moderated by insurance type, having a significant other, and race/ethnicity. Understanding the implications of these utilization patterns requires further research.

Comparison of fall risk assessment scales in the triage of an Italian emergency department

Abstract Background Falls in hospital are adverse events with serious consequences for the patient. Fall risk assessment requires easy tools that are suitable for the specific clinical context. This is important to quickly identify preventing measures. The aim of the study is to identify an appropriate scale for assessing fall risk in patients from an emergency department. Methods For the fall risk assessment in the emergency department, three scales were identified in literature: Kinder 1, MEDFRAT, and Morse. MEDFRAT and Morse classify the patient in high, moderate, and low risk; Kinder 1 split patients “at risk” (also when there is only one positive item) and “non-risk” (in which all items are negative). The study was carried out in July 2019 in an Italian emergency department. Patients who arrived in triage were assessed for the fall risk using the three scales. Results On a sample of 318 patients, the used scales show different levels of fall risk. For Kinder 1, 83.02% is at risk and 16.98% is not at risk; for MEDFRAT, 14.78% is at high risk, 15.09% moderate, and 70.13% low risk; for Morse, 8.81% is at high risk, 35.53% moderate, and 56.66% low risk. As Kinder 1 implies as “high risk” that all items of the questionnaire are positive, to compare Kinder 1 to the other scales with three measurements, we assumed only one positive response as “moderate risk”, all negative responses as “low risk”. Thus, Kinder 1 shows no cases at high risk, 83.02% moderate risk, and 16.98% low risk. All the scales show that the moderate-high risk increases with age. MEDFRAT and Morse have concordant percentages for young (13.6%), elderly (61.2%), and long-lived (66.6%) people. Kinder 1, 59%, 96.7%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusions The comparison between scales shows inhomogeneity in identifying the level of risk. MEDFRAT and Morse appear more reliable and consistent. Key messages An appropriate assessment scale is important to identify the fall risk level. Identifying accurate fall risk levels allows for implementing specific prevention actions.

The Effect Of Four Square Step Excercise On The Risk Of Falling Elderly At Pstw Wana Seraya Denpasar 2019

&lt;em&gt;Elderly undergoes various changes due to the aging process, one of them is the musculoskeletal system which results in the elderly being vulnerable to falls and if not be treated, it can cause injury to the elderly and even death. One way to reduce the level of fall risk in elderly is to do balance exercises, especially four square step exercises which is not only train the muscle strength of elderly but also train the visual coordination. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of four square step exercises on the fall risk in elderly. This study used a design of pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test without control group. The study was conducted at PSTW Wana Seraya Denpasar. The respondens in this study selected through purposive sampling technique. Among 36 elderly who living at PSTW Wana Seraya Denpasar, &lt;/em&gt;there were 17 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After calculating the sample, there were 15 samples were obtained. &lt;em&gt;The results of the study, the fall risk in elderly before four square step exercise were 12 respondents (80%) at moderate level and three respondents (20%) at high level. After training, nine respondents (60%) had a moderate fall risk and six respondents (40%) had low fall risk. Based on the results of Wilcoxon signed rank test statistical test, it was obtained p value = 0.003 &amp;lt;α 0.005 which means there is an influence of four square step exercises towards the fall risk in elderly. Based on the results of the study, the four square step exercise is an effective exercise to reduce the fall risk in elderly because it is a light exercise which is easily carried out by the elderly independently. This exercise is recommended to be applied as a method to reduce the fall risk in elderly.&lt;/em&gt;

Development of a mobile application to screen and manage fall risks in older people

Objective Falls and related injuries are known to be the major health problem leading to disability and mortality among older adults. Identification and management of fall risks aimed to prevent falling is considered to be essential. The aim of this study was to develop a mobile application for screening and management of fall risks based for older adults. Method and materials First, we determined product features based on literature reviews. Then we asked 10 experts to assess the importance of capabilities. The application was designed in Android environment based on the STEADI toolkit. Finally, the usability and satisfaction of the application were assessed among 30 older adults by means of a usability questionnaire, and the final version was modified. Results The experts rated the majority of feasibility features to be important. The application consisted of falls risk self-assessment, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test to measure individual fall risks, fall prevention education, and suggestions for training based on the individuals' level of fall risk among older adults. The results of the usability assessment showed that the users were satisfied with the application, 8.83 out of 10. Conclusion The mobile application can be used to screen and manage fall risks in older adults. It may help health providers to identify older adults at low, moderate, and high risks of falls provide education and training to minimise falls and fall-related injuries. Implications for rehabilitation Falls are a major health problem in older people. A great proportion of falls and falls related injuries are preventable. Given the availability and accessibility of various mobile health application and the increasing mobile device usage among older adults, mobile application can be used as a platform for delivering fall prevention programmes such as education and exercise training. The mobile application may be a valuable tool in the fall prevention and their consequences either in old adult.

Targeted Population Health Utilizing Direct Referral to Home-Based Older Person Upstreaming Prevention Physical Therapy From a Community-Based Senior Center

Purpose: An older adult's ability to remain safe and active in the community is multifactorial and includes physical and social determinants. The purpose of this study is to describe outcomes of the Home-Based Older Person Upstreaming Prevention Physical Therapy program targeted toward older adults referred from one community senior center. Methods: Older adults identified as “at risk” for decline or becoming homebound were referred by senior center staff. Home-Based Older Person Upstreaming Prevention Physical Therapy is a 6-month in-home preventative program entailing 6 in-person and 3 telehealth visits administered by a physical therapist (PT). Wellness, cardiovascular health, social integration, and frailty metrics resulted in interventions inclusive of cardiovascular and balance exercises, home safety, and community reintegration. Results: Participants (n = 30) demonstrated significant improvements in: Timed Up and Go (P = .02), Four Stage Balance Test (P = .003), STEADI Fall Risk Level (P = .002), Home FAST Assessment (P = .001), self-reported fear of falling (P = .001), Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (P = .01), and a Health Behavior Questionnaire (physical activity [P = .03], fruit and vegetable consumption [P = .03], and recommended weight [P = .01]). Conclusion: Home-Based Older Person Upstreaming Prevention Physical Therapy provided early access to preventative PT services in the homes of older adults. Positive functional, environmental, fall risk, and wellness outcomes were achieved when leveraging direct referral partnerships between community senior centers and PTs.

Fall Risk Assessment (FRA) of Korean community-dwelling elderly

이 연구에서는 요인분석을 통해 타당성이 입증된 낙상위험평가 설문항목의 진단 정도와 평가기준을 검토하여 지역 재가 노인의 낙상고위험군을 진단하고 개인별 낙상리스크 프로파일을 제안하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상자는 S시, U시, B시, Y시 거주 우리나라 지역 재가 노인 439명을 대상으로 하였다(평균연령 75.0±5.7세). FRA의 낙상위험진단정도와 평가기준을 검토하기 위해 ROC분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 FRA의 하위요인인 ‘낙상잠재성’, ‘질병과 신체증상’, ‘환경’ 및 ‘신체기능’의 4가지 하위 요인은 지역재가노인 의 낙상 위험을 효율적으로 진단할 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 민감도와 특이도 결과를 바탕으로 요인별 평가기준을 제시하였다. 또한 낙상하위요인별 패턴을 분석한 결과 낙상 고위험군의 경우 두 가지 요인 이상에 문제를 가지고 있는 노인이 전체의 80%를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상으로, FRA의 4가지 하위 요인은 낙상위험정도를 효율적으로 진단할 수 있으며, 평가기준을 바탕으로 개인별 낙상위험프로파일을 제시할 수 있어 우리나라 지역 재가 노인의 낙상예방프로그램 구축을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.This study reviewed the diagnosis accuracy and evaluation criteria of the fall risk assessment questionnaire that proved validity through factor analysis in previous studies. The purpose of this study was to diagnose high-risk groups and propose personal fall risk profiles for the Korean community-dwelling elderly. The participants of this study were 439 elderly people living in S, U, B, and Y cities Korea (mean age 75.0 ± 5.7 years). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to review the accuracy of the fall risk assessment and evaluation criteria of the FRA. The results showed that the four sub-factors of the FRA: ‘Potential for fall’, ‘Disease and physical symptoms’, ‘Environment’ and ‘Physical function’, can effectively diagnose the fall risk of the community-dwelling elderly. The evaluation criteria was presented based on the sensitivity and specificity results. In addition, as a result of analyzing the patterns by the sub factors of the fall risk, the high-risk group accounted for 80% of the elderly who had problems with two or more factors. Therefore, the four sub-factors of FRA can effectively diagnose the fall risk level, and could be present individual fall risk profiles based on the evaluation criteria.