Fall Motion Research Articles

Human Fall Motion Prediction: Fall Motion Forecasting and Detection with GRU

The human fall motion prediction system is a preventive tool aimed at reducing the risk of falls. In our research, we developed a deep learning model that utilizes pose estimation to track human body posture and integrated this with a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to forecast human motion and predict falls. GRU, an enhancement of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models offers improved memorization and more efficient memory usage and performance. Our study presents the human fall motion prediction, which combines the forecasting and classification of potential falls.The CAUCAFall dataset is used as the benchmark of this study, which contains the image sequences of single human motion with ten actions conducted by ten actors. We employed the YOLOv8 Pose model to track the 2D human body pose as the input in our system. A thorough evaluation of the CAUCAFall dataset highlights the effectiveness of our proposed system. Evaluation using the CAUCAFall dataset demonstrates that the model achieved a Mean Per Joint Position Error (MPJPE) of 4.65 pixels from the ground truth, with a 70% accuracy rate in fall prediction. However, the model also exhibited a Mean Relative Error (MRE) of 0.3, indicating that 30% of the predictions were incorrect. These findings underscore the potential of the GRU-based system in fall prevention

Development of Three Tier Online Test Diagnostic of Misconception for Topic Free Fall Motion

Purpose of the study: This study aimed to develop an online Three Tier Test Diagnostic of misconception in topic free fall motion. Methodology: This research is development research using a development model 4D by Thiagarajan (Define, Desain, Development, and Dissemination). However, the research is only limited to the Development stage because the research objectives have been achieved. The data collection instrument is a media expert validation questionnaire. The research data includes quantitative data in the form of expert validator evaluations and qualitative data in the form of comments and suggestions given by expert validators. Main Findings: The results showed that the product three tier online test diagnostic was feasible to use based on expert validation with a very feasible category. The resulting product has five item questions and consist of three tiers. The first tier is multiple choice questions, second is reason for answering question, and third tier is curiosity response index (CRI). Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is uses an online test. This is expected to be able to support the effectiveness of further research by researchers.

Development of Arduino Uno-Based Free Fall Motion Props to Increase Learning Motivation Towards Practicum Results of 11th Grade Students

Research has been conducted on the development of Arduino Uno-based Free Fall Motion (FFM) teaching aids to increase learning motivation towards the results of practicum for 11th grade students of MAN 1 Mataram. This study aims, (1) to design arduino-based teaching aids on free fall motion (FFM) material, (2) to determine the validity level of teaching aids to 3 media experts and 3 material experts, (3) to determine the increase in student learning motivation, (4) to determine the results of student practicum, and (5) to determine the effect of learning motivation on student practicum results. This type of tool development is Research and Development (R&D). the subject model of this research is MAN 1 MATARAM students as many as 35 students. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The development model in this study uses a 3D model. 3D development model (ThreeD). This model is a modification of the Thiagarajan model which includes 4 stages called the 4D (Four-D) model. Based on the research objectives, a student's practicum teaching aid on GJB material was made. Based on the validity test results, the teaching aids are suitable for use as learning media in class 11 MAN 1 Mataram. Furthermore, the results of motivation based on the value before applying FFM props amounted to 51.60% (pretest). While the interpretation after the practicum (posttest) was 90.44% and the N-Gain was 0.46. This means that there are changes in learning activities in students. For the results of student practicum through the satisfaction interval with a very high category of 11 students, a high category of 23 students, a low category of 1 student and very low 0 students. Meanwhile, the correlation of learning motivation to student practicum results shows rcount> table (0.450>0.344) and obtained tcount> table (2.895>2.035). From the truth value of the hypothesis it can be concluded that there is an influence between learning motivation (X) and practicum learning outcomes (Y) on GJB material.

Whole-Body Dynamics for Humanoid Robot Fall Protection Trajectory Generation with Wall Support.

When humanoid robots work in human environments, they are prone to falling. However, when there are objects around that can be utilized, humanoid robots can leverage them to achieve balance. To address this issue, this paper established the state equation of a robot using a variable height-inverted pendulum model and implemented online trajectory optimization using model predictive control. For the arms' optimal joint angles during movement, this paper took the distributed polygon method to calculate the arm postures. To ensure that the robot reached the target position smoothly and rapidly during its motion, this paper adopts a whole-body motion control approach, establishing a cost function for multi-objective constraints on the robot's movement. These constraints include whole-body dynamics, center of mass constraints, arm's end effector constraints, friction constraints, and center of pressure constraints. In the simulation, four sets of methods were compared, and the experimental results indicate that compared to free fall motion, adopting the method proposed in this paper reduces the maximum acceleration of the robot when it touches the wall to 69.1 m/s2, effectively reducing the impact force upon landing. Finally, in the actual experiment, we positioned the robot 0.85 m away from the wall and applied a forward pushing force. We observed that the robot could stably land on the wall, and the impact force was within the range acceptable to the robot, confirming the practical effectiveness of the proposed method.

Investigation of the Effect of Physical Ability on the Fall Mitigation Motion Using the Combination of Experiment and Simulation

The simulation of fall plays a critical role in estimating injuries caused by fall. However, implementing human fall mitigation motions on a simulator proves challenging due to the complexity and variability of fall movement. Our simulator estimates fall motion by extrapolating the motion observed in fall experiments. By incorporating actual fall motion data for the upper limbs, we enhanced the realism of the fall simulation. The application of forward dynamics control to the lower limbs allowed for the adjustment of mitigation motions, taking into account individual physical capabilities. In this study, fall simulations were conducted under the constraints of maximum joint torque and maximum torque change rate, emulating the physical capabilities of both the elderly and young adults. Our results successfully demonstrated the mitigation motion facilitated by the stance leg reduced the descent velocity of the center of mass by 0.75 m/s for elderly individuals and by 1.25 m/s for young adults, compared to a zero torque condition. This indicates that our study introduced a novel method for quantifying the impact of the lower limbs’ physical capabilities on fall velocity. Such a method represents a significant advancement in understanding how mitigation motions can influence fall injury simulations.

Effect of PBL-Based Scratch E-module in Improving Computational Thinking and Physics Concepts

The rapid and sophisticated development of science and technology requires education to present learning by developing IT skills in students. At the same time, mastery of physics concepts is needed to solve abstract problems. This material packaged using technology and computer programming can be an alternative solution to this problem. This study aims to measure the improvement of computational thinking and physics concepts of senior high school students in applying the problem-based learning-based Scratch experimental module. This research method is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design of the type of Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The results showed a significant increase in computational thinking skills in order changing straight motion, free fall motion, vertical upward motion, and concept mastery after using the E-module Scratch experiment based on problem-based learning for high school students are significant. Based on the results of this study, it can be interpreted that using the Scratch digital experimental E-module can improve computational thinking skills and physics concepts.

Computational Analysis of Free Fall Motion with Air Friction Constraints

Free fall motion without initial velocity is a mechanical concept that can be analyzed using analytical, experimental, and computational methods. Free fall motion is difficult to analyze analytically if air friction is not neglected. The aim of this research is to explain computational free fall motion analysis procedures with air friction. Air friction disturbance in free fall motion is represented by the coefficient C which states the drag coefficient is time dependent. In this scientific study, the application used for computational analysis is IDE Spyder with various library support. With the help of this application, a significant difference in the output vmax and tmax is obtained between the two cases of free fall based on the interpretation of the graph that appears.

The Application Research of BOPPPS Teaching Model in High School Physics Teaching —A Case Study on “Free Fall Motion”

The Application Research of BOPPPS Teaching Model in High School Physics Teaching —A Case Study on “Free Fall Motion”

Meningkatkan Minat Belajar menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Demonstrasi pada Materi Gerak Vertikal Ke Atas, Gerak Vertikal Ke Bawah, dan Gerak Jatuh Bebas

This research is intended to provide an in-depth understanding of physics material regarding upward vertical motion, downward vertical motion, and free fall motion using a demonstration learning model. The purpose of this article is to provide a reference learning model that can be used by teachers when presenting physics material so that it is not boring and is easy to understand. This learning model is effectively applied in almost all physics material, including upper vertical motion, lower vertical motion, and also free fall motion. Because the teacher's role is important in increasing students' interest in learning and making the class atmosphere more enjoyable when delivering the material, this article is very helpful and can be a reference source that can be used when determining the model for learning movement material.

Analysis of the Development of VR (Virtual Reality) Based Interactive Learning Media Assisted by MilleaLab to Improve Learning Outcomes on the Material of Free Fall Motion Class XI in SMA Bengkulu City

The purpose of this research is to analyze the needs to find out how necessary the development of interactive learning media based on Virtual Reality assisted by millealab in physics lessons for students and teachers. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The instruments used in this research are observation sheets, interview sheets, and accompanied by documentation. Based on the results of the study, it was found that because the learning media used during the learning process was still simple such as printed books, power-points, and animated videos, which caused students to be less interested and feel bored with the lesson because, the media was less interesting. As a result, student learning outcomes still need to be improved. Based on literature and field analysis that has been conducted in high schools, namely SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu City, SMA Negeri 3 Bengkulu City, and SMA Negeri 9 Bengkulu City need or approve the development of interactive learning media based on Virtual Reality (VR) to improve the learning outcomes of high school students in physics subjects.

Rancang Bangun Alat Gerak Jatuh Bebas Berbasis Arduino Uno Pada Praktikum Fisika

Free fall motion is a falls down movement of an object due to the influence of the earth's gravitational force without any other significant forces affecting the movement. In free fall, the acceleration of an object is always constant and heading downward, and its value is about 9.8 meters per second squared (m/s²) on the Earth's surface. The implementation of free fall motion technology is expected to help students in doing their basic physics practicum so that observations is no longer done manually using a stopwatch. In addition, with this teaching media, the measurement data will be more constant in value because it has been arranged in the system, so that the results will be more accurate. The implementation of this free fall motion media is used to measure the travel time of an object, its speed and gravity value during free fall from a height of 60 cm and 30 cm. The travel time can be determined using a timer of an Arduino Uno and an Infrared Sensor that will be detected and read when there is an object passing by. Based on experiments that have been carried out at a height of 60 cm using ping pong ball, large marble, and small marble, the obtained value of gravitational acceleration is almost the same as the average value of gravitational acceleration measured namely 9.99, 10.00, and 10.24 m⁄s2 respectively. At a height of 30 cm, using the same objects, the obtained value of gravitational acceleration is 10.62 m⁄s2 .

Free Fall Motion Learning Design with Tracker Software to Improve Graphic Literacy

Physics learning is process skill-based learning. One of the science process skills that students must master is graphic literacy. The material on free fall motion is a lesson that requires students to have graphic literacy skills, but the facts in the field show that not a few of the students have difficulty reading and managing information based on graphs. This study aims to analyze the improvement students' graph literacy, which was conducted at Senior High School. The research subjects were students, the research sample amounted to 21 students of class X MIA. Using a quasi-experimental method with a quantitative approach, one group pre-post test design. The research instruments used pretest and posttest questions, modules, and LKS. Data analysis using JASP software to get t-test results and Ngain. The results showed that there was a significant difference in students' graphic literacy skills before and after using the video tracker as indicated by the results of the paired samples t-test at a sig value. (P) 0,001 < 0,05. Each indicator of students' graphic literacy has increased even though not all are at high criteria. Students mastery of science literacy can easily solve problems about regular straight-line motion.

Analysis of understanding of physics concepts through problem solving units review in free fall motion materials

The purpose of this research is to understand the physics education concepts through solving unit review problems in free fall topic. This research is a quantitative descriptive study involving 19 students of Physics Education at the University of Tamansiswa. The test instrument consists of 2 essay questions that refer to problem-solving indicators. The results of the study obtained several findings. Analysis of understanding the concepts of physics education students through solving unit review problems in free fall topic had the highest percentage in the medium category. On the problem solving indicators Physics Approach, Specific Application of Physics, and Logical Progression students’ abilities are in the low category.

On the Variable Acceleration Motion of Falling Sphere in a Fluid Medium

Falling motion of a sphere in the stationary medium is an important basic research and has a wide range of engineering application prospects. This paper studies the free fall motion of spheres in a stationary medium considering air drag. This paper calculates the acceleration, velocity and displacement of the falling process of the sphere by Excel, and discusses the influence of the density, diameter and Re on the motion. Some analysis and fitting of displacement over time are performed. The results show that the varied-acceleration motion of the falling spheres is similar for different sphere materials, namely, the falling acceleration, the velocity and falling displacement all can be divided into three segmentations and fitted with polynomial functions. The relationship between displacement<i> h</i> and time <i>t </i>during falling with varied- acceleration is also greatly affected by the density of the sphere, the greater the density of the sphere, the closer the relationship between <i>h</i> and<i> t </i>during the fall process is closer to no drag free fall, the smaller the density of the sphere is, the closer the relationship between <i>h</i> and<i> t </i>is nearer to linear relationship. The displacement data of different solid material sphere is located between the fall of water and the free drop without drag, but does not meet power function or the multi-relationship function. Some results are compared with the literature experiments, and are consistent with the experiments.

USING PYTHON FOR TEACHING CLASSIC MECHANICS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

This article contains codes in Python programming language as a tool to support the teaching of classical physics, presents a menu of options for calculating magnitudes within uniformly varied rectilinear motion, parabolic motion, free fall, and uniform circular motion. The written codes can be verified using Python online, and there is also a code that does require the installation of Python and additional libraries to be able to see the graph of position-time, speed-time and acceleration-time. It was verified that each code works in two different online Python links and for a better understanding of the user the calculation menu is explained in parts.

Parametric study on the water impacting of a free-falling symmetric wedge based on the extended von Karman’s momentum theory

The present study is concerned with the peak acceleration azmax occurring during the water impact of a symmetric wedge. This aspect can be important for design considerations of safe marine vehicles. The water-entry problem is first studied numerically using the finite-volume discretization of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations and the volume-of-fluid method to capture the air–water interface. The choice of the mesh size and time-step is validated by comparison with experimental data of a free fall water-entry of a wedge. The key original contribution of the article concerns the derivation of a relationship for azmax (as well as the correlated parameters υz∗, z∗ and t∗ when azmax occurs), the initial velocity υz0, the deadrise angle β and the mass M of the wedge based on the transformation of von Karman’s momentum theory which is extended with the inclusion of the pile-up effect. The pile-up coefficient γ, which has been proven dependent on β in the case of water-entry with a constant velocity, is then investigated for the free fall motion and the dependence law derived from Dobrovol’skaya is still valid for β varying from 10° to 45°. Reasonable good theoretical estimates of azmax, υz∗, z∗ and t∗ are provided for a relatively wide range of initial velocity, deadrise angle and mass using the extended von Karman’s momentum theory which is the combination of the original von Karman’s method and Dobrovol’skaya’s solution and this theoretical approach can be extended to predict the kinematic parameters during the whole impacting phase.

PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBASIS APLIKASI TRACKER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP FISIKA

The purpose of this study is expected to produce a learning model that is more in line with the needs of the Physics learning process. The type of research that will be used in this research is Research and Development. The model development process follows the Borg and Gall development model which consists of ten stages, namely research and data collection, planning, development of initial product drafts, initial field trials, revisions test results, main product field tests, product revisions, wide-scale field trials/feasibility tests, final product revisions, and finally the dissemination and implementation stages. Based on the results of the survey and student test scores, there was an increase in conceptual understanding of the free fall motion material using the PBL learning model based on the Tracker application. So it can be concluded that the PBL learning model based on the Tracker Application is able to improve understanding of Physics concepts in the free fall motion material.

A Fall Detection Network by 2D/3D Spatio-temporal Joint Models with Tensor Compression on Edge

Falling is ranked highly among the threats in elderly healthcare, which promotes the development of automatic fall detection systems with extensive concern. With the fast development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), camera vision-based solutions have drawn much attention for single-frame prediction and video understanding on fall detection in the elderly by using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and 3D-CNN, respectively. However, these methods hardly supervise the intermediate features with good accurate and efficient performance on edge devices, which makes the system difficult to be applied in practice. This work introduces a fast and lightweight video fall detection network based on a spatio-temporal joint-point model to overcome these hurdles. Instead of detecting fall motion by the traditional CNNs, we propose a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model based on time-series joint-point features extracted from a pose extractor . We also introduce the increasingly mature RGB-D camera and propose 3D pose estimation network to further improve the accuracy of the system. We propose to apply tensor train decomposition on the model to reduce storage and computational consumption so the deployment on edge devices can to realized. Experiments are conducted to verify the proposed framework. For fall detection task, the proposed video fall detection framework achieves a high sensitivity of 98.46% on Multiple Cameras Fall, 100% on UR Fall, and 98.01% on NTU RGB-D 120. For pose estimation task, our 2D model attains 73.3 mAP in the COCO keypoint challenge, which outperforms the OpenPose by 8%. Our 3D model attains 78.6% mAP on NTU RGB-D dataset with 3.6× faster speed than OpenPose.

Development Free Fall Motion Teaching Aid With Proximity Sensor

The use of manual teaching aid causes inaccurate results. This study aims to realize a valid and effective free fall motion teaching aid based on proximity sensors for physics learning. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Physics Education Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Purworejo with the research subjects of five physics education students. This research is a development research using the ADDIE development model with the Analysis, Design, Development, implementation, and Evaluation stages. Data collection techniques in this study were using validation questionnaires and student responses. The results showed that the developed teaching aid resulted in an error in the acceleration of gravity of 9.59 ± 0.42 m/s2 when the value of h= 0.90 m, 9.61 ± 0.43 m/s2 when the value of h= 1.00 m, and 9.74 ± 0.40 m/s2 when the value of h= 1.10 m, while the results of the validation carried out by media experts obtained a percentage of 93% and material experts 98%. Meanwhile, the results of student responses to teaching aid obtained a percentage of 93.33%. Proximity sensor based free fall motion teaching aid are valid and effective for physics learning.

Eksplorasi Etnomatematika pada Permainan Tradisional Bekles

The purpose of this study is to explore the ethnomathematical values ​​contained in traditional games in West Java, namely bekles or beklen. This study uses an ethnographic research design with a qualitative research approach. The object of this research is the rules of the game and the object of the game itself. The research subjects were two resource persons consisting of 1 child aged 8 years and 1 teenager aged 13 years. This research is located on Jl. Raden Soleh, RT 01 RW 05 Sindangsari Village, Kec. Kadupandak, Kab. Cianjur, West Java. Data was collected by using the methods of documentation, interviews, and observations. The results of this study indicate that there are ethnomathematical values ​​contained in traditional bekles games, namely the concept of integers from 1 to 10, the concept of modulu or remainder of division, the shape of the ball space, and probability. In addition, it can also be used as a problem in learning physics about the material of upper vertical motion and free fall motion. Based on the research results, it is known that the potential for ethnomathematics development in traditional bekles games is very large, which can be used as materials, teaching materials, or learning media such as student worksheets (LKPD).