Fake Identities Research Articles

Security challenges in civil registration: safeguarding vital information in an evolving landscape

Civil registration is a fundamental process that captures vital events such as births, deaths, marriages, and divorces, enabling governments to create accurate demographic databases and deliver essential services to their citizens. However, in today's digital age, civil registration systems face numerous security challenges that jeopardize the integrity and confidentiality of vital information. This paper highlights some of the key security challenges encountered in civil registration systems and outlines potential strategies to address them. Firstly, the digitization of civil registration processes has opened new avenues for cyber threats. Malicious actors may attempt to compromise the security of databases, manipulate or steal vital records, or disrupt services through cyberattacks. Robust cybersecurity measures, including encryption, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and regular security audits, are essential to safeguard sensitive data and ensure the continuity of civil registration operations. Secondly, the issue of identity theft poses a significant challenge to civil registration security. Fraudulent practices, such as the creation of fake identities or the alteration of existing records, can undermine the trustworthiness of the system and lead to the misallocation of resources. The implementation of identity verification mechanisms, such as biometrics or unique identifiers, can enhance the accuracy and integrity of civil registration data while reducing the risk of identity fraud. Thirdly, ensuring the privacy and confidentiality of individuals' personal information is critical in civil registration systems. With the increasing digitization and interconnectedness of data, there is a heightened risk of unauthorized access or data breaches. Strong data protection regulations, robust access controls, and encryption techniques can help mitigate these risks, fostering public trust and confidence in civil registration processes. Moreover, the challenge of inclusivity must be addressed to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of civil registration systems. Marginalized populations, including refugees, migrants, and those residing in remote areas, may face barriers in accessing civil registration services, leaving them vulnerable to identity-related challenges. Deploying mobile registration units, leveraging innovative technologies, and promoting community engagement are strategies that can improve inclusivity and extend the benefits of civil registration to all individuals.

A Legal Analysis on Online Fraud Using Fake Identity

This study aims to analyze the legal accountability for online fraud using fake identities, also known as catfishing. The phenomenon of catfishing has become increasingly prevalent with the advancement of information technology, particularly in the use of social media and online dating applications. The practice of online fraud using fake identities has detrimental emotional, psychological, and financial impacts on victims.The research method used is document analysis and literature review. Through document analysis, the researcher analyzes relevant texts and legal documents such as laws, regulations, court decisions, and government policies related to online fraud and fake identities. Meanwhile, through literature review, the researcher searches for and reviews relevant literature on the legal aspects of online fraud and fake identities.The research findings indicate that catfishing can be a violation of the law depending on the country and jurisdiction in place. Some countries have adopted laws that regulate online fraud and the misuse of fake identities. However, identifying catfish perpetrators and enforcing related laws often proves to be challenging as they employ various means to conceal their true identities in the virtual world. The legal accountability for online fraud using fake identities needs to be acknowledged and strengthened. In this regard, law enforcement and prosecution of catfish perpetrators are crucial to protect society from online fraud practices. Additionally, prevention and protection efforts involving education and public awareness regarding the risks and preventive measures against catfishing should also be enhanced.

Fraud Detection of Credit Card Using Machine Learning

Abstract: This paper is focused on credit card fraud detection in real world scenarios. Nowadays credit card frauds are increasing in number as compared to earlier times. Criminals are using fake identity and various technologies to trap the users and get the money out of them. Therefore, it is very essential to find a solution to these types of frauds. In this proposed paper we designed a model to detect the fraud activity in credit card transactions. This system can provide most of the important features required to detect illegal and illicit transactions. As technology changes constantly, it is becoming difficult to track the behavior and pattern of criminal transactions.

Resilience-by-design in Adaptive Multi-agent Traffic Control Systems

Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) with their evolving data gathering capabilities will play a significant role in road safety and efficiency applications supported by Intelligent Transport Systems (ITSs), such as Traffic Signal Control (TSC) for urban traffic congestion management. However, their involvement will expand the space of security vulnerabilities and create larger threat vectors. In this article, we perform the first detailed security analysis and implementation of a new cyber-physical attack category carried out by the network of CAVs against Adaptive Multi-Agent Traffic Signal Control (AMATSC), namely, coordinated Sybil attacks, where vehicles with forged or fake identities try to alter the data collected by the AMATSC algorithms to sabotage their decisions. Consequently, a novel, game-theoretic mitigation approach at the application layer is proposed to minimize the impact of such sophisticated data corruption attacks. The devised minimax game model enables the AMATSC algorithm to generate optimal decisions under a suspected attack, improving its resilience. Extensive experimentation is performed on a traffic dataset provided by the city of Montréal under real-world intersection settings to evaluate the attack impact. Our results improved time loss on attacked intersections by approximately 48.9%. Substantial benefits can be gained from the mitigation, yielding more robust adaptive control of traffic across networked intersections.

Collusion-Proof and Sybil-Proof Reward Mechanisms for Query Incentive Networks

This paper explores reward mechanisms for a query incentive network in which agents seek information from social networks. In a query tree issued by the task owner, each agent is rewarded by the owner for contributing to the solution, for instance, solving the task or inviting others to solve it. The reward mechanism determines the reward for each agent and motivates all agents to propagate and report their information truthfully. In particular, the reward cannot exceed the budget set by the task owner. However, our impossibility results demonstrate that a reward mechanism cannot simultaneously achieve Sybil-proof (agents benefit from manipulating multiple fake identities), collusion-proof (multiple agents pretend as a single agent to improve the reward), and other essential properties. In order to address these issues, we propose two novel reward mechanisms. The first mechanism achieves Sybil-proof and collusion-proof, respectively; the second mechanism sacrifices Sybil-proof to achieve the approximate versions of Sybil-proof and collusion-proof. Additionally, we show experimentally that our second reward mechanism outperforms the existing ones.

How to safely communicate with a phishing attacker by email?

The published study is a part of the long-term research of emails with phishing attacks against the article's author. In the previous three years, 3 experiments were carried out to analyze phishing emails. The result is their detailed classification. The subsequent experiment was focused on defense against phishing attacks using the rules of the MS Outlook email client. The last experiment, which is the article's content, is devoted to analyzing communications with phishing attackers. A fake identity was created for the experiment and security rules were set up. A total of 100 phishing emails were answered, with a preference for those whose content was not aimed at fulfilling any request; that was clarified during the communications. The conducted literature search confirmed the assumption that no one is engaged in similar research, so the results of the research may be more interesting for the cybersecurity community. The articles of the literary research are focused on the issue of social engineering from an interdisciplinary perspective. A great deal of attention has also been oriented on the influence of social networks on people information perception or on their exploitation in cyber-attacks. The result of the study is a statistical analysis of communications and a detailed analysis of its content. Out of 100 replies to the phishing email, 32 (32%) were answered by the phisher. The longest communications had 6 cycles. If the phisher insisted aggressively on personal information, the communications was terminated. From the content of the communications, the attacker's procedures and his argumentation to obtain the required information were primarily examined. A detailed analysis of the texts from the communications aimed to answer the question of whether the phisher is a robot or a person. Further considerations are being made within the team on how to continue researching phishing attacks.

Budget-feasible Sybil-proof mechanisms for crowdsensing

The rapid use of smartphones and devices leads to the development of crowdsensing (CS) systems where a large crowd of participants can take part in performing data collecting tasks in large-scale distributed networks. Participants/users in such systems are usually selfish and have private information, such as costs and identities. Budget-feasible mechanism design, as a sub-field of auction theory, is a useful paradigm for crowdsensing, which naturally formulates the procurement scenario with buyers' budgets being considered and allows the users to bid their private costs. Although the bidding behavior is well-regulated, budget-feasible mechanisms are still vulnerable to the Sybil attack where users may generate multiple fake identities to manipulate the system. Thus, it is vital to provide Sybil-proof budget-feasible mechanisms for crowdsensing. In this paper, we design a budget-feasible incentive mechanism which can guarantee truthfulness and deter Sybil attack. We prove that the proposed mechanism achieves individual rationality, truthfulness, budget feasibility, and Sybil-proofness. Extensive simulation results further validate the efficiency of the proposed mechanism.

CATFISHING DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF INDONESIA

This study aims to analyze catfishing in the perspective of Indonesian positive law. This research is a type of normative juridical research with statutory and case approach methods and then uses descriptive qualitative analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that catfishing is one of the crimes that use technology by utilizing social media where catfishing which is a form of fraud in cyberspace with its modus operandi using a fake identity then showing interest in other people so as to form an emotional or romantic relationship, and then using the victim to benefit himself by giving something in the form of goods or money. Therefore, based on Indonesian positive law the act above is a crime which fulfills the elements in Article 378 of the Criminal Code and Article 35 in conjunction with Article 51 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law. With the existence of these rules can accommodate the crime of catfishing and the catfish although there is no cyberlaw that specifically regulates crimes such as catfishing.

Machine and Deep Learning Studies for Cyberbullying Detection

The internet revolution in society has various effects on our daily life such as the use of social media. While social media is ubiquitous and great in some aspects, it brings a new issue that appears more and more in today’s world. This new issue, Cyberbullying, involves harming someone by posting or sharing content that causes feelings of embarrassment, guilt, or humiliation. Easily creating fake social media accounts with fake identity further increase cyberbullying incidents and encourages cyberbullies. Cyberbullying can affect people both mentally and physically and can lead to permanent problems. However, studies in this area show that cyberbullying can be prevented. In this study, we review machine learning techniques to detect and prevent cyberbullying, evaluate the performances of the machine and deep learning models, and examine factors that affect the performance of the models. We also discuss the importance of data preprocessing, feature extraction and selection, and classification processes in cyberbullying detection problems.

What Money Can Do: Examining the Effects of Rewards on Online Romance Fraudsters’ Deceptive Strategies

ABSTRACT With the advent of the internet, romance fraud – or instances wherein individuals use fake identities and sham romantic relationships to defraud others – has moved online. Victims of this crime experience harms to their financial, social, and personal well-being. While researchers have made strides in exploring this crime from the perspective of victims, little research has investigated it using data drawn from the persons committing the crime. Moreover, little is known about how these offenders may alter their strategies in response to variations in perceived reward. In this study, we explore these processes utilizing data collected via a series of sequential e-mail exchanges with 94 online romance fraudsters. More specifically, we investigate the deception strategies used by these fraudsters and examine whether and how these strategies shift in response to changes in the prospect of receiving financial reward from a victim. Our results add to current understanding of online romance fraud and have implications for theories of interpersonal deception and rational choice.

Legal Consequences of Notary Deeds Due to Comparison Error

The purpose of writing this article is to analyze the accuracy carried out by a notary to minimize misuse of the submitted identity and prevent forgery. The notary's involvement in the event was questioned because of an error in the deed. Namely, being present before a notary is not actually present and giving false statements in an authentic deed containing a fake identity or signature. The method used is normative legal research. The results of the discussion contain analysis techniques as well as characteristics related to the nature of law and types of law. In conclusion, this authority is null and void or can be canceled due to the non-fulfillment of subjective requirements in statutory regulations. The legal consequences of a Notary Deed due to a comparative error have implications for the strength of the deed to be inauthentic because it is contrary to the terms and conditions determined by law.How to cite item: Rimawati, Elva Ria, Rachmi Sulistyorini, and Fathul Laila. “Legal Consequences of Notary Deeds Due to Comparison Error.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum. 14 no. 1 (2023): 1-8. DOI: 10.26905/idjch.v14i1.9906.

"Helping People Get Cheated" to "Anti-Fraud Star"

In recent years, there have been frequent cases of telecom network fraud. Because cunning crooks have long extended their claws to the pure campus. "Post-00" college students grow up in the Internet era and like to participate in online activities and online part-time jobs. In order to prevent college students from falling into the crisis of telecommunications network fraud, although colleges and universities have repeatedly reminded them of security education, the effectiveness of education still needs to be improved. Among them, the fake identity fraud encountered by Xiao Chen is a typical high-incidence telecom network fraud case. By analyzing the causes of cases, the case handling process of ideological and political workers is expounded, and the case reflection and enlightenment are summarized, which provides effective reference ideas for the prevention and control of campus online fraud.

Agent bankers and customer victimization in Ado City, Nigeria

Criminal victimization against agent bankers and their customers has recently been on the increase, and the multiplier effect is a major socio-economic problem that could cause a downturn in the economy. This study examines the exposure of agent bankers and their customers to criminal victimization in Ado city, Nigeria. Specifically, the study explores the forms of criminal victimization against agent bankers and their customers, examines the consequences of criminal victimization, looks into the cases of agent bankers and customer victimization, and determines the preventive measures adopted by agent bankers and their customers against victimization. Lifestyle-routine activity theory was deployed as the conceptual framework. An exploratory research design and snowball and purposive sampling with key informant and in-depth interviews were used to interview 12 victimized and non-victimized agent bankers and their customers. Interviews were conducted in Fayose market, King market, Bisi market, and Irona market. Findings reveal that agents’ bankers and their customers were being targeted by criminals who use non-violent tactics. The eagerness of the agent bankers to transact business brings a measure of carelessness to their business dealings. This carelessness and lack of security measures exposes them to motivated offenders. Victimization through fake alert, fraudulent transfer, withdrawal under false pretense, fraudulent alteration, intentional criminal patronage, fake identity, and urgent withdrawal under duress represent the themes found. It is imperative for agent bankers and their customers to set up security measures that could protect them against being victimized.

Manus ludens. Mabuse’s playful hands

The opening shots of Fritz Lang’s Dr Mabuse, Der Spieler/Dr Mabuse, the Gambler (1922) perfectly set the tone for the film to come. Before revealing what will turn out to be the most unreliable element of this cinematic masterpiece – Mabuse’s face – the camera lingers on a close-up of his hands as they mix a number of cartes de visite from which he is about to choose his next fake identity. Without a doubt, the allure of the master criminal Mabuse relies primarily on the power of his hypnotizing gaze. Taking a slightly different route from the classical emphasis on Mabuse’s enchanting eyes, however, I would like to suggest that the very first frame in fact reveals a different, secret protagonist, namely Mabuse’s hands. The scene presents the choosing of a particular character as analogous to a move in a casual card game. The notion of playfulness, the synchronous cunning and nonchalance of Mabuse as homo ludens, propels the plotline and subverts a framing of the main character as simply a criminal. The display of various photographic portraits itself suggests a double meaning; as Tom Gunning writes, ‘The stack of cards blends two realms of reference: gambling and role-playing’.1 What can be read in the cards is thus an ability to switch identities as one pleases, a characteristic that clearly evokes the all-encompassing and overpowering dream factory that is cinema.2 The careful dissection and assembly fabricated in this film pertains to a pattern typical of Lang, and could be described as a ‘cinematography of hand pic(k)s’. The film certainly highlights images of hands, but in addition it bestows these hands with a constitutive agency in the twists and turns of a crime thriller.

The Impact of Public Service Advertising: Social Development or Social Change through Development Communication: Strategic Communication through Corporate Lobbying: An Analysis of the Changing Dynamics from Print to Digital Media

The term 'public service advertising', although familiar to all of us, has never been exposed to critical analysis in India till 2000 onwards as the growing popularity and inescapability of media messages through advertising has reached to a crescendo during the times of a transition from one-dimensional print media to digital media. And in this process of change-over, the intent of 'public service' which means to mobilize the public to take action for a common goal or objective, has got affected. Public service advertising with all ennobled and embellished connotations, catalyzing social change or transformation is nothing new. However, the problem arises when under the garb of 'public service' the centers of power, media elites or communication strategists, try to propagate their own world views through constantly bombarded different social media platforms, the grey areas of borderline between public service or public good and personal interest and personal benefit get obliterated. This research study will try to highlight the issues of propagandist intent of public service advertising and how the ideals of social change or social development through development communication strategies is taking a drastic turn towards forging a mass consensus on false assertion and fake identity. The article has used quantitative analysis methodology to analyze the various understanding of the concept of 'public service advertising' and for that matter, social media platforms like YouTube, Instagram are used as its variables for analysis. The sample size used for this study is 150 respondents. The study has concluded from the detailed analysis that the alarming scenario of diluting the phenomena of 'public good or public service' has created a huge propensity towards creating a hegemony, ie, self-glorification or self propaganda and the 'social development' intent of the social messages or public service messages is getting diluted because of the growth of strategic communication interfaces or equipped professional elites working as political actors.

PENEGAKAN HUKUM KEPADA WARGA NEGARA ASING TERKAIT TINDAK PIDANA KEIMIGRASIAN DOKUMEN PALSU

Indonesian Immigration is regulated by Law no. 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration, which is carried out by the Directorate General of Immigration in accordance with Article 1 paragraph (6). Problems: how did the violation of the use of fake immigration documents by Muhammad Habib a Bangladesh citizen occur and how was the supervision of foreigners who used fake documents in Indonesia, and was the District Court Decision Number: 172/Pid.B/2020/Pn.Tsm against Muhammad Habib is in accordance with the law on Immigration. This research is normative, descriptive in nature, uses secondary data, analyzed qualitatively, conclusions are drawn using a deductive method. Research results: Muhammad Habib made a mistake by submitting fake identity documents. Supervision of foreigners is carried out in accordance with a selective policy which aims to ensure that foreign nationals come to Indonesia to bring benefits to Indonesia.

Overcoming the crime of motor vehicle theft in the legal area of minas police Siak district

Countermeasures are efforts made to prevent, dealing with, or overcoming a situation includes preventive activities and at the same time seeks to improve the behavior of someone who has been found guilty (as an inmate) in a correctional institution, in other words efforts to tackle theft can be carried out preventively and regressively. Preventive control has the goal of taking steps to prevent violations of norms, while repressive control has the goal of taking action against violations of norms, so as to create a deterrent effect for the perpetrators. Countermeasures are a prevention that is useful to minimize the events or actions that have occurred so that these events or actions do not occur again. The author chooses this type of observational research by means of direct survey writer to obtain primary data and secondary data. In collecting data, the authors interviewed several respondents, namely: Head of Criminal Investigation Unit, Members of the Police, and Actors. The results of the research that the authors get, there are several factors that cause perpetrators to commit crimes of motor vehicle theft, namely: internal factors (Education, individuals), external factors (economy, environment, global developments). The modus operandi for tackling the crime of motor vehicle theft is: pretending to borrow/rent a motorbike, using the T key, stalking, following and then blocking potential victims, making credit with fake identities, spreading nails on certain roads, looking for a place to live in an area.

Detection method to eliminate Sybil attacks in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

A Sybil attack is caused by a malicious vehicle node stealing fake identities and continuously generating fake vehicles on the road to create the illusion of congestion, which endangers normal vehicles on the road. Because Sybil vehicle nodes have trajectories and motion states similar to those of normal vehicles, they are more difficult to detect in high-density traffic environments. The real-time authentication of vehicles is impossible in the existing traffic environment; thus, malicious vehicle nodes with a high degree of stealth can continuously attack and are difficult to stop. In this paper, we propose a Sybil attack detection method based on basic security message (BSM) packets, which exploits the characteristic that BSM packets have a unique sending source and uses the spatiotemporal relationship of dynamic vehicle location changes to detect and trace Sybil attacks. A weighted integration strategy is proposed for increasing the detection precision without machine-learning model prediction. Experimental results indicated that the proposed method can detect Sybil attacks in real time and is not affected by the attack density or traffic density. Moreover, it can detect Sybil nodes and trace malicious nodes simultaneously, with precisions of ¿98% and ¿94%, respectively, resolving the difficulties of existing detection schemes.

Authentication System for Exam Halls Using Face Biometrics by Artificial Intelligence

Authentication has consistently been the biggest difficulty during exams. Verifying candidates' test eligibility is a difficult process that takes time after typical candidate screening. The project's goal is to combat this by preventing impersonation by exploiting the candidate's facial biometric traits, which are recognized by the DCNN algorithm. The Exam Hall Authentication System Using Face Biometric is a cutting-edge solution designed to enhance the security and integrity of examination halls by utilizing facial recognition technology. Traditional methods of verifying the identity of individuals in exam halls, such as ID card checks or manual supervision, can be prone to human errors and fraudulent activities. This system aims to overcome these challenges by leveraging the unique characteristics of an individual's face for authentication purposes. The enrolment stage and the verification of identities phase are the system's two primary parts. Each exam participant's face characteristics are photographed and safely saved in a database throughout the enrolment step. High-resolution cameras are used in this procedure to take several pictures of the participant's face from different perspectives. The positioning of facial characteristics and particular contours of the face are then extracted from these photos via processing and analysis. In the authentication phase, when an individual enters the exam hall, their face is captured by the cameras installed at strategic locations. The captured image is compared with the enrolled images stored in the database. Advanced algorithms are employed to perform a comprehensive analysis of the facial features, ensuring accurate identification and authentication of the individual. If a match is found, the system grants access to the exam hall; otherwise, it denies entry and alerts the invigilators about the potential unauthorized presence. The Exam Hall Authentication System offers several advantages over traditional authentication methods. Firstly, it significantly reduces the risk of impersonation and cheating, as the system is capable of detecting attempts to use fake identities or masks. Secondly, it improves the efficiency and speed of the authentication process, eliminating the need for manual verification and reducing waiting times for exam participants. Thirdly, the system provides a reliable and audit able record of attendance, which can be crucial for ensuring the integrity of the examination process. In conclusion, the Exam Hall Authentication System Using Face Biometric is a robust and secure solution that enhances the security and efficiency of examination halls. By leveraging facial recognition technology, it provides reliable authentication, reduces the risk of fraud, and ensures a fair and transparent examination environment

Synthetic ID Card Image Generation for Improving Presentation Attack Detection

Currently, it is ever more common to access online services for activities which formerly required physical attendance. From banking operations to visa applications, a significant number of processes have been digitised, especially since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring remote biometric authentication of the user. On the downside, some subjects intend to interfere with the normal operation of remote systems for personal profit by using fake identity documents, such as passports and ID cards. Deep learning solutions to detect such frauds have been presented in the literature. However, due to privacy concerns and the sensitive nature of personal identity documents, developing a dataset with the necessary number of examples for training deep neural networks is challenging. This work explores three methods for synthetically generating ID card images to increase the amount of data while training fraud-detection networks. These methods include computer vision algorithms and Generative Adversarial Networks. Our results indicate that databases can be supplemented with synthetic images without any loss in performance for the print/scan Presentation Attack Instrument Species (PAIS) and a loss in performance of 1% for the screen capture PAIS.