Failure Mode Of Rock Research Articles

Study on the Failure Mechanism of Strain Rockburst

Among the factors affecting rock mass failure, the stress state has the greatest influence on the mechanical behavior of rock. The mechanical behavior of rock depends on the change of stress path, and the stress of rock mass is closely related to deformation and failure. In order to study the influence of surrounding rock stress state on the failure mode of surrounding rock, based on the theory of elastic mechanics and fracture mechanics, this paper analyzed the stress state of surrounding rock element and crack propagation of surrounding rock, and estimated the potential failure mode of surrounding rock in different areas of a phosphate mine in Yichang. The results showed that: the surrounding rock element is affected by the gradient stress, and a larger stress gradient corresponds to a larger principal stress ratio and variation direction of the surrounding rock. The failure mode of surrounding rock is affected by the coupling effect of principal stress ratio and principal stress direction. Under the action of certain crack angle and appropriate confining pressure, different fracture mechanisms may occur in the surrounding rock compression. But the partition of surrounding rock failure mode region can predict the surrounding rock failure mode to a certain extent.

Investigation on the mechanical behavior, permeability and failure modes of limestone rock under stress-seepage coupling

Limestone rock widely exists in various rock engineering, its mechanical behavior and permeability evolution have a great influence on the safety and stability of related engineering projects. To study the mechanical behavior, permeability and failure modes of limestone rock under stress-seepage coupling, triaxial compression coupled with permeability tests were carried out. Experimental results reveal that the failure of limestone still conforms to the Mohr-Coulomb criterion under stress-seepage coupling, and effective confining pressure σ3eff can indicate the effect of gas pressure PG and confining pressure σ3 on the deformation parameters of limestone samples. Peak stress σP and residual stress σR increase with the enhancement of confining pressure and decrease with the ascent of gas pressure. Permeability evolution of limestone under different gas pressures and confining pressures is generally similar, and the trend of initial permeability kI, peak permeability kP and residual permeability kR decreasing with effective confining pressure σ3eff can be expressed by the exponential function. The increase of confining pressure and decrease of gas pressure will retard the acoustic emission (AE) response and inhibit the propagation of microcracks. More importantly, limestone samples always show composite failure modes dominated by tensile cracks under low confining pressure, while under high confining pressure, the limestone samples show shear failure modes. The difference is limestone samples are composed of tensile microcracks on the microscale under stress-seepage coupling, and the proportion of shear microcracks grows as gas pressure PG and confining pressure σ3 increases. This research can provide a basic reference for relevant engineering applications.

Tensile Properties and Tensile Failure Criteria of Layered Rocks

Rocks are less resistant to tension than to compression or shear. Tension cracks commonly initiate compression or shear failure. The mechanical behavior of layered rocks under compression has been studied extensively, whereas the tensile behavior still remains uncertain. In this paper, we study the effect of layer orientation on the strength and failure patterns of layered rocks under direct and indirect tension through experimental and numerical testing (RFPA2D: numerical software of Rock Failure Process Analysis). The results suggest that the dip angle of the bedding planes significantly affects the tensile strength, failure patterns, and progressive deformation of layered rocks. The failure modes of the layered specimens indicate that the tensile strength obtained by the Brazilian disc test is not as accurate as that obtained by the direct tension test. Therefore, the modified Single Plane of Weakness (MSPW) failure criterion is proposed to predict the tensile strength of the layered rocks based on the failure modes of direct tension. The analytical predictions of the MSPW failure criterion agrees closely with the experimental and numerical results. In rock engineering, the MSPW failure criterion can conveniently predict the tensile strength and reflect the failure modes of layered rocks (such as shale, slate, and layered sandstone) with satisfactory accuracy.

Mechanical Properties of Shale-Reservoir Rocks Based on Stress–Strain Curves and Mineral Content

The evaluation of rock mechanic characteristics of shale reservoir is the key for the success of fracturing. Several limitations such as complex lithology can affect the accuracy of the rock mechanic property computation. In this research, the mechanical rock properties of shale reservoirs were analyzed based on experimental tests including shale-reservoir mineral composition, uniaxial compressive strength, and triaxial compression tests. The results showed that (1) the difference in mineral composition leads to easier fracturing of sand shale reservoirs compared with pure shale reservoir. (2) Under uniaxial conditions, the rock mechanical parameters along the vertical bedding direction of sand shale reservoirs are better than pure shale reservoir parameters. The mechanical properties of shale reservoirs in parallel bedding direction are less affected by lithology. Under triaxial conditions, the confining pressure increases more than 4.0 times with the compressive strength of rocks, and the rock Young’s modulus in the parallel bedding direction is higher compared with the vertical bedding direction. (3) Rock failure mode is mainly subdivided into cutting and splitting modes, and the bedding features of rock mechanic properties highly influence the drilling and fracturing operations. This study offers guidelines for the optimization of the drilling and fracturing process based on accurate evaluation of the rock mechanical properties.

Macro- and meso- failure mechanism analysis for shale-like brittle materials under uniaxial compression

Understanding the failure mechanisms of the widespread shale-like brittle materials is of great significance to engineering safety. In this research, the discrete element model which can reflect the real rock mechanical properties and failure mode of shale specimens with different bedding angles has been reconstructed. First, microcrack has been introduced to characterize the meso-damage. The relationship between the microscopic crack numbers in the material and the macroscopic stress has been revealed. In addition, the relative movement between different deformed blocks has been analyzed by introducing the residual velocity field. The control factor of material failure varies with the bedding angle (β) in the macro scale. It manifests from the bedding plane and the matrix synergistically control the failure mode of rocks to mainly the bedding plane and then back to the bedding plane and the matrix synergistically control the rock failure mode. The competitiveness of the shear and tensile damages in the failure mechanism varies with the bedding angle in the meso scale. When 30°<β<75°, Shear damage dominates the failure mechanism. The established numerical model is capable of predicting the mechanical behavior of brittle rock, which may have guiding merits to the application of shale-like brittle materials.

Experimental investigation on dynamic and static rock mechanical behavior, failure modes, and sequences of frequent interbedded sand and shale reservoirs

High variability in diagenetic strength and rock mechanical properties in interbedded sand and shale necessitates a sustained interest in the study of the dynamic and static rock mechanical behavior and failure modes. We have analyzed the rock mechanical behavior, rupture characteristics, and sequences of the clastic reservoirs of the Xu 5 member, Western Sichuan Depression, China. The results indicate that the Xu 5 shale can produce longer plastic creep behavior than tight sandstone at the same load rate. This causes greater stresses to build up inside the shale than in adjacent sandstone formations. The average internal friction angle of sandstone is 43°, whereas the average internal friction angle of shale is 33°. The failure modes of the Xu 5 member sandstone are mainly brittle-tensile failure and brittle X-type shear failure. We observed that the tensile rupture is dominant, accounting for approximately 75.2%. Shale failure forms mainly include plastic-tensile failure and X-type shear failure, in which shear failure accounts for approximately 67.9%. The sequence of failures of similar clastic reservoirs is generally tensile failure or tensile-shear failure to extension failure. We found that the Xu 5 shale has high plasticity, and the stress conditions required for its failure are higher and more complicated. In addition, our test results indicate that, for the same lithology, the tensile failure is the initial rupture rather than shear failure.

Fracture Characteristics and Failure Modes of Coal, Sandstone, and Shale Impacted by Water Jet under True Triaxial Conditions

In recent years, the water jet technology has become an important means for processing unconventional oil and gas resources. With the exploitation of resources to the deep development, the study of the fracture characteristics and failure modes of true triaxial water jet rock breaking is of major importance for the application of the water jet technology in deeper crustal levels. We selected three typical unconventional gas reservoirs, coal, sandstone, and shale, as samples for our rock-breaking experiments of water jet under true triaxial conditions. On the basis of the rock failure criterion considering triaxial stress, we establish the rock-breaking energy criterion of water jet under true triaxial conditions and study the rock-breaking mode of water jet under true triaxial conditions. Experimental results document that the true triaxial water jet rock-breaking energy criterion can predict the rock-breaking threshold pressure well. With the increase of triaxial stress, the breaking threshold pressure of coal, sandstone, and shale increased by 92, 38, and 37%, respectively. Under true triaxial conditions, the failure characteristics and failure modes of different rocks impacted by water jet differ significantly. The water wedge action of coal is weakened, the volume of the crushing pit was reduced by 90%, and the failure is mainly caused by the shear failure that is induced by jet pressure. Sandstone is still dominated by the denudation failure that is caused by jet, but the degree of destruction is weakened, and the volume of the crushing pit was reduced by 38%. The shale has changed from tensile failure that is dominated by stress waves to erosion pit failure that is dominated by shear action. The results of the study provide a reference for the application of the water jet technology for the exploitation of unconventional oil and gas resources in deeper crust levels.

Experimental study on uniaxial compression failure modes and acoustic emission characteristics of fissured sandstone under water saturation

Widely distributed fissures in the open-pit slope (especially those which are in water-rich conditions) determine the slope stability. In order to study the effects of water and fissures on rock’s mechanical properties and corresponding acoustic emission characteristics, red sandstones containing dual-fissure with different angle configurations were prepared for uniaxial compression tests along with acoustic emission (AE) monitoring in this study. The impacts of water content and fissure angles on rock strength, failure mode and acoustic emission characteristics were analyzed. Moreover, the kernel density estimation (KDE) was accepted to quantify the AE events spatial distribution, then distinguishing difference between dry and saturated rocks’ failure modes. This study reveals that the presence of water in the rock lowers of the rock strength and decreases the amounts of secondary cracks and acoustic emission counts. As the fissure angle increases, both the rock strength and acoustic emission counts increase and the failure mode shifts from the tension failure to the shear failure. The b value was highly sensitive to crack propagation, reaching around 0.5 when the rock was finally destroyed under different water conditions. AE events mainly gathered in the location where the main cracks occurred. The maximum KDE density points of dry sandstone changed from concentrated state to dispersed state before failure, while the maximum density points of saturated sandstone always gathered in the middle of rock. The results of this paper lay theoretical foundations for monitoring and pre-warning of engineering rock failure in water environment.

On the effect of freeze-thaw on fracture and instability of hole-fissure-contained granite under uniaxial variable frequency- amplitude cyclic loads

This work aims at investigating the fracture and instability behaviors of Xinjiang granite containing hole and fissures under freeze-thaw (FT) and cyclic loads using acoustic emission (AE) monitoring and X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging. The stress path is sinusoidal load with decreasing frequency and increasing amplitude pattern. The experimental results reveal a sudden increase of volumetric strain and a sudden decrease of AE-b value. Their increasing rate becomes quick as cycle increases reflecting the rapid propagation of damage. The frequency of AE activities displays different proportions that is impacted by the FT cycle. The percentage of the low-frequency and high-frequency signals is relatively high and low respectively for a rock experiencing more FT cycles. The theoretical description of F-T influence coupled with mechanical performance are performed. Based on acoustic emission energy, a damage evolution model considering the coupling effect of freezing-thawing cycle and cyclic load is proposed, which can fit the experimental data well. A series of CT images reveal the influence of freeze-thaw on rock failure modes. Typical failure modes of double shear coalescence, single shear coalescence and single tensile coalescence failure modes were identified from the reconstructured CT images.

Application of Modern Acoustic Technology and Acoustic Emission Equipment in Rock Mechanics

The development of modern physics has promoted the progress of traditional rock physics and mechanics, especially Sheng emission technology based on acoustics. In order to study the acoustic characteristics of rock specimens under compression, the test is carried out with the help of Sheng emission technology, the mechanical characteristic parameters of rock physics and mechanics are measured, and the sound source position and radiation energy parameters of rock fracture are obtained. Combined with the numerical simulation software MATLAB and fractal theory, the energy release mechanism of rock samples is analyzed. The acoustic characteristics of rock samples are remarkable, and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of rock fracture source can be measured scientifically and accurately, with an accuracy of 99.98%, making it possible to reproduce the three-dimensional fracture source. It is found that the distribution of main fracture sources and high-energy fracture sources can be one-to-one corresponding and consistent with the external fracture failure mode of rock; Through interpolation inversion and energy parameter simulation analysis, slice processing is carried out to obtain the inversion results of energy distribution and test pieces. The process of microcrack propagation and propagation is completely consistent. Based on the analysis of physical mechanics and acoustic characteristics: the numerical simulation analysis of rock specimen failure process can not only reflect the dynamic failure process of rock, but also provide guidance for the prediction and analysis of mine disaster evolution.

Evolutionary Analysis of Heterogeneous Granite Microcracks Based on Digital Image Processing in Grain-Block Model.

Rocks are natural materials with a heterogeneous microstructure, and the heterogeneity of the microstructure plays a crucial role in the evolution of microcracks during the compression process. A numerical model of a rock with a heterogeneous structure under compression is developed by digital image processing techniques and the discrete element method. On the grain scale, the damage mechanism and microcrack characteristics of a heterogeneous Biotite granite under compression fracture are investigated. First, the process of constructing a digital image-based heterogeneous grain model is described. The microscopic characteristics of geometric heterogeneity, elastic heterogeneity, and contact heterogeneity are all considered in the numerical model. Then, the model is calibrated according to the macroscopic properties of biotite granite obtained in the laboratory, and the numerically simulated microcrack cracking processes and damage modes are obtained with a high degree of agreement compared to the experiments. Numerical simulations have shown the following: (1) Microcracking occurs first at the weak side of the grain boundaries, and the appearance of intragranular shear cracks indicates that the rock has reached its peak strength. (2) The stress concentration caused by the heterogeneity of the microstructure is an essential factor that causes rock cracks and induces rupture. Intragranular cracks occur successively in quartz, feldspar (plagioclase), and biotite, with far more intragranular cracks in quartz and feldspar (plagioclase) than in biotite. (3) Microcracking in quartz occurs as clusters, fork and fracture features, and in feldspar (plagioclase) it tends to cause penetration microcracking, which usually surrounds or terminates at the biotite. (4) As the confining pressure increases, the tensile break between the grains is suppressed and the number of shear cracks increases. At the macro level, the rock failure mode of the numerical model changes from split damage to shear destruction, which is consistent with the law shown in laboratory experiments.

Rock cutting mechanism of special-shaped PDC cutter in heterogeneous granite formation

Special-shaped Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) cutters show the superiority for improving rate of penetration (ROP) in hard abrasive formation drilling. However, few attentions have been paid on its geometric design and rock cutting mechanism. To deepen the understanding of special-shaped PDC (SPDC) cutter's rock-breaking mechanisms and provide a certain reference for the selection and application of SPDC cutters in the specific target formation, this paper firstly proposes two new principles (loading performance (LP) and cutting performance (CP)) as well as their evaluation indexes for evaluating the cutting process of cutters from the relationship between geometry, aggressiveness, stress state, working life, and rock cutting efficiency of SPDC cutters. Then, using gray-white granite as the research object, the finite element heterogeneous granite model, whose relative percentage error of all calibration quantities with experiment are less than 7%, based on Voronoi tessellation and the granite cutting model of 10 types cutters under confining pressure are established. Finally, the cutting results are discussed, and the CP of all cutters are evaluated. It's found that the ductile-brittle failure mode in the removal area and the influence region of cutting process determine the rock failure mode of SPDC cutters. The confining pressure has an inhibitory effect on rock cutting efficiency, it's because the high confining pressure leads to ductile dominated failure mode in removal area. The confining pressure weakens the LP and CP of cutters, but has no obvious effect on their stress distribution state. With the increasing of confining pressure, “ductile-plastic stick-slip cutting” effect is produced in the removal area. The conical-shaped cutter (whose CP coefficient is 4.3 × 10 −3 - 5.4 × 10 −3 N −1 ) and saddle-shaped cutter (whose CP coefficient is 3.4 × 10 −3 - 4.8 × 10 −3 N −1 ) are the optimal selection for heterogeneous granite formation. On the contrary, the three-blade cutter and cusp-shaped cutter are unsuitable for heterogeneous granite formation. This research leads to an enhanced understanding of rock-breaking mechanisms of SPDC cutters, and provides the basis to select of SPDC cutters for the specific target formation. • A heterogeneous granite generation method based on Voronoi tessellation using finite element method. • The rock-cutting mechanisms and differences of 10 kinds of PDC cutters. • A new ideas and methods for parameter optimization and performance evaluation of special-shaped PDC cutter using FEM.

Study of the Stability of the Surface Perilous Rock in a Mining Area

As a result of the mining of a C3 coal seam in a mine in Guizhou, perilous rock masses on the surface collapsed. In this study, the stability of perilous rock masses on the surface of the coal mine before and after mining was calculated and examined, and the movement law of the overlying strata in the goaf, the movement and deformation law, and the failure mode of perilous rock were analyzed. This study provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of unstable rock and coal seam mining, and has important guiding significance for the safe and efficient production of the mine. The results show that: (1) The perilous rock is in a basically stable state without the influence of mining. Through theoretical analysis and the construction of the collapse model of perilous rock, it is judged that perilous rocks W1, W3, W4, and W7 were basically stable, perilous rocks W2 and W5 were in an unstable state, and perilous rock W6 was stable without heavy rainfall. (2) As a result of the mining of the C3 coal seam, the cracks in the upper strata began to develop to the surface, and the longitudinal separation cracks gradually appeared between the surface perilous rock and the rock matrix. Due to the existence of these cracks, the perilous rock had a downward shear force. In addition, due to the heavy rainfall in the Guizhou area, the transient saturated zone of perilous rock is expanding and the strength of perilous rock is reduced. The seepage increases the sliding force of the perilous rock and aggravates the opening of cracks at any time. (3) The stability of the surface perilous rock mass is largely affected by the mining of underground coal mines. The simulation analysis was repeated using the method of setting coal pillars. When 45 m permanent protection coal pillars are set at both ends, and 15 m local protection coal pillars are set at 60 m, the safety of coal mining can be ensured without affecting the surface and perilous rock.

Analysis of Flexural Toppling Failure of Anti-Dip Rock Slopes Due to Earthquakes

Flexural toppling is one of the failure modes of anti-dip rocks, is often triggered by seismic load, occurs haphazardly under an earthquake scenario, and is characterized by high speed and extreme energy, leading to catastrophic disaster consequences and huge losses. However, there is limited literature that reveals its failure mechanisms and describes the failure surface due to earthquakes. Therefore, based on the limit equilibrium analysis method, the horizontal pseudo-static load was applied to improve the geological mechanical model under gravity only, and the stability analysis process was derived. The failure surface and failure mode of the slope under different seismic loads were analyzed. The results indicated that, with the increasing seismic load, an increase in the number of rock layers with sliding failure increased the number of rock layers with cantilever toppling failure; in contrast, the number of rock layers with overlapping toppling failure decreased. The slope toe was more prone to sliding and the slope top was more prone to cantilever toppling under an earthquake, which decreased the stability of the anti-dip rock slope.

An Experimental Approach to Evaluate the Role of Rock Failure Modes in Mechanical Characterization of Metabasalts

A detailed understanding on rock failure modes testifies the competence of support designs for engineering work. Studying such failure modes using physical models of rock specimens under laboratory conditions can be time efficient, informative and economically viable. In this study, the mechanical behavior of massive metabasalts were characterized with reference to rock failure modes through index tests such as point load and Brazilian tests. Rock failure modes under point load test are categorized as (1) single plane, (2) triple junction, (3) twisted and (4) single plane (inclined) failure modes. Twisted and triple junction failure modes are observed in the specimens with higher point load strength values (> 6 MPa). A total of five types of rock failure modes were observed in metabasalts under Brazilian testing conditions namely (1) central multiple, (2) central, (3) non-central, (4) central multiple + layer activation and (5) conjugate failure modes. Central multiple failure mode is found to be the most common failure mode in metabasalts due to their massive nature. Failure modes under Brazilian tests are observed within a range of 8 to 12 MPa. Among all other observed rock failure modes, single plane (inclined) and conjugate failure modes under point load and Brazilian tests respectively are introduced in this study. It is evident that rock failure modes controlling the strength of rocks should be considered as an important aspect for mechanical characterization of rock materials.

Numerical Simulation of Rock Dynamic NSCB Test Based on a Self-Developed Dynamic Damage Model

Elucidating and understanding the dynamic fracture characteristics of rocks play an essential role in the application of rock engineering and geophysics. In this study, based on a self-developed dynamic damage model, a rock notched semi-circle bend test with the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar technique is numerically simulated. The study focuses on three aspects including damage evolution, energy evolution, and failure mode of rock under different loading velocities. From the simulated results, the following conclusions can be conducted: 1) the damage range increases gradually with the increase of loading velocity; 2) the crack propagates to the loading point along the symmetry axis of the samples under different loading velocities; 3) the loading velocity has an important influence on the failure mode of straight notch semi-circular marble, whose mechanism can be explained by that the local high strain rate leads to the obvious randomness and uncertainty of crack activation in rock; and 4) the energy evolution of notched semi-circle bend is vitally affected by loading velocity, and the deformation and the failure process of straight notch semicircular marble under dynamic loading can be divided into five stages according to the ratio of internal energy to total energy. The beneficial findings may provide some references in practice design from engineering problems.

Study of the Effects of Compaction and Split Grouting on the Structural Strengthening Characteristics of Weakly Cemented Argillaceous Rock Masses

There is a wide distribution of weakly cemented argillaceous rock masses in areas where there are many coal mines, and their complex characteristics make them more difficult to support. This paper researches this type of rock and studies the slurry diffusion mechanism and grouting reinforcement characteristics of injected rock mass and their relationship with compaction and splitting grouting. The grouting mode is dominated by compaction and splitting. The rheological behavior of cement slurries with different concentrations used in split grouting was studied. The existing grouting equipment was improved, and grouting tests were performed on loose aggregates of weakly cemented primary rock in a certain size range. Subsequently, basic physical parameter determination tests, microscopic tests, and uniaxial tests were performed on grout, and the effects of grouting pressure, moisture content of standard samples, slurry water/cement ratio, and curing time on grouting reinforcement were analyzed. During the grouting process, the pattern of plasma pulse diffusion and reinforcement was summarized as three types: compaction, splitting, and microcracking. The failure modes of rock were summarized as shear failure, shear failure along the interface of the plasma, and splitting damage.

A Review on the Failure Modes of Rock and Soil Mass under Compression and the Exploration about Constitutive Equations of Rock and Soil Mass

The constitutive equation of rock and soil has always been the core problem in rock and soil mechanics. Up to now, the nature of nonlinear shear strength of rock and soil has not been revealed. In many engineering practices, it is still considered that the failure mode of rock and soil is always shear failure, and Coulomb linear constitutive equation is adopted, or Mohr envelope is fitted by data. However, the constitutive equation of rock mass is nonlinear, and its failure mode is not only shear failure. A large number of single triaxial tests show that there is not only shear stress, but also tensile stress in the failure process of rock and soil. Theoretical and experimental research on failure mode of rock mass under pressure are one of the important means to improve and develop soil mechanics. It is important to understand the nonlinear nature of rock and soil constitutive equation to explore the energy variation and the distribution of tensile stress and shear stress in different failure modes of rock and soil.

Experimental research on the mechanical and acoustic emission properties of layered sandstone during tensile failure

Bedding planes exert great influences on the mechanical properties of layered rocks. To investigate influences of properties of bedding planes on the strength, failure mode, and acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of rocks, three-point bending tests were carried out on layered sandstone containing bedding planes of different dip angles. Results show that the failure strength of the layered sandstone shows a first large decrease and then slight increase trend with the rise of the dip angle θ of bedding planes under both conventional loading and multi-block cyclic loading. According to failure characteristics of the rock, the failure can be divided into three modes: matrix failure, mixed failure, and failure of bedding planes. In addition, the damage characteristics reflected by the AE count and AE energy, RA-AF distribution characteristics, and AE source locations show consistency in the same failure mode. Influenced by the multi-block cyclic loading, the failure strength, peak deformation, damage ratio reflected by the AE count and AE count at failure, and the number of shear cracks reflected by the RA-AF distribution of rocks with bedding planes of the same dip angle all increase to different extents. Moreover, the majority of residual deformation and damage in the loading process occurs in the initial period of cyclic loading and unloading in each block. The research result represents a useful complement to the mechanics theory of layered rocks and is of important significance for ensuring the safety of rock engineering.

Statistical damage model for dry and saturated rock under uniaxial loading based on infrared radiation for possible stress prediction

Rock fracture is the root cause of collapses of the overburden and mine water inrush. Monitoring and identifying the precursor information of the mine surrounding rock during the progressive failure process are the foundation for an advancement of mine safety. In this paper, the infrared radiation observation experiments of both dry and water saturated sandstone under uniaxial loading was carried out. The representative dry and water saturated sandstone samples with specific microstructure and composition, mechanical, and infrared radiation characteristics during the fracture process were studied. The results show that water saturation not only weakens the mechanical properties of rock, but also promotes infrared radiation which can be used as a precursor for stresses. The saturated rock uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, compaction stress decreased and the magnitude of Infrared Radiation Variance (IRV) increased: which are 0.55, 0.54, 0.67 and 10.69 times that of the dry rock, respectively. Furthermore, water saturation changes the failure mode of rock from tensile failure to tensile shear composite failure. In addition, an innovative constitutive model of rock under uniaxial loading based on infrared radiation is established. The model considers the compaction stage and integrates the advantages of the lognormal distribution and Weibull distribution. The established piecewise constitutive model gives the coefficient of performance of more than 0.95, therefore, this model can be effectively used for the prediction of stress in both dry and saturated rocks. The research results can lay a theoretical and experimental foundation for monitoring the stability of engineering rock masses using infrared radiation.