Failure Conditions Research Articles

SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DENGAN PEMBERIAN TABLET TAMBAH DARAH PADA REMAJA DI SMA NEGERI 1 WARINGINKURUNG

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive due to toddlers experiencing chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, especially in the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK). This has an impact on the growth and development of toddlers both in the short and long term. In order to break the chain, the participation of various parties in stunting prevention efforts needs to be socialized immediately. For this reason, stunting prevention efforts are needed as early as possible by involving the role of adolescents as agents of change. This socialization program aims to educate adolescents to gain an understanding of the fulfillment of balanced nutrition to prevent stunting. Armed with the understanding they have, adolescents are expected to be able to implement it in everyday life and become a quality generation not only for themselves and their future, but also for the surrounding environment. This socialization program is carried out offline with the method carried out by providing counseling to students of SMA Negeri 1 Waringinkurung and continued to give blood-added tablets to students. In order for the understanding that has been gained by adolescents to have a positive impact, it is necessary to have a sustainable education program and assistance to the role that adolescents can play in the community

Edukasi Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Stunting di Desa Ngumpul Kecamatan Jogoroto Jombang

Nutritional needs for babies are not only obtained from breast milk. Other nutritional needs can be obtained from complementary foods for breast milk complementary feeding. The condition of failure to thrive in children under five is caused by a lack of nutritional intake for a long time and the occurrence of recurrent infections and these two causal factors are influenced by inadequate parenting patterns, especially in the 1000 HPK. This community service activity takes the form of outreach using complementary feeding and stunting leaflets which is carried out using a question and answer discussion method to the target of the outreach. Activities are divided into 3 stages, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation stages. The targets for this activity are 25 mothers who have toddlers aged 6-24 months in Ngumpul Jogoroto Village, Jombang on June 5 2023. The tool used in this activity is leaflets. This community service program increases public knowledge about good and healthy complementary feeding to meet nutritional needs and prevent stunting.

Development of speed, agility and strength in middle school students

Physical education is the discipline in the school curriculum that can help in different ways to educate and train children, young people and adults, contributing to personal and professional development but also the activity through which the subject, performing physical activities, becomes aware of his possibilities, in the conditions of success or failure , in the struggle with oneself or with others, learning at the same time to know oneself better and to know the world better. In the current conception, physical education and school sports constitute one of the most important links of physical education. Due to the fact that students in this educational cycle enter a stage of their lives characterized by profound morpho-functional, motor and psychic transformations, their interest in movement is very high during this period. The present study aims to develop speed, agility and strength, within the physical education lesson, aiming to maximize specific means. The experiment includes the two groups, control and experiment, thus following the interpretation of the results, the progress or regression of the experimental group will be more obvious and easy to analyze, thus the subsequent decisions regarding the content of the subsequent program being simpler, following the previous evaluation. The physical education of the last period suffers in terms of planning and organization of the proposed ones, and through the present paper we highlight the fact that through a correctly carried out activity, positive results appear.

Bearing capacity factor for strip foundations on unsaturated clay

ABSTRACT The matric suction in unsaturated soil depends on the type of soil and various flux conditions i.e., infiltration, evaporation and no flow. The shear strength of unsaturated soil changes with change in matric suction leading to varying resistance of soil under various flow conditions. In this study, the bearing capacity of strip foundations resting over unsaturated clay considering variation of matric suction with depth for different surface flux conditions and position of water table, has been obtained using finite element lower bound limit analysis. Modified Mohr-Coulomb yield criteria based on unified effective stress approach has been employed to incorporate the contribution of matric suction stress to the failure condition. A non-dimensional bearing capacity factor was introduced to estimate the bearing capacity of strip foundations and presented as a function of different influencing parameters such as foundation width, water table depth, soil properties, various flow conditions and their flow rate, and surcharge pressure. The influence of variation of unit weight of soil in the unsaturated zone, air entry and pore size distribution parameters, residual degree of saturation of soil, specific gravity of soil solids, and foundation-soil interface roughness on the bearing capacity has also been examined and found to be insignificant.

Sosialisasi Pencegahan Stunting di Desa Teratak Lombok Tengah

Stunting is a condition of failure to grow and develop in children due to lack of nutritional intake. There are several main causes of stunting in children, one of which is the lack of public knowledge about stunting itself. The purpose of this socialization is to increase the knowledge of participants (community) about stunting, its causes and prevention, as well as the introduction of additional food (PTM) such as processed avocado pudding aimed at the community: pregnant women, adolescents, and stunting toddlers. The method of implementing this stunting prevention socialization uses a direct observation method (field visit) which consists of planning activities, activity preparation meetings, and hearings. The results of the implementation of stunting socialization in Teratak Village show that the participants are very enthusiastic in learning new things and adding knowledge and insight, and also always follow the socialization programs carried out by Muhammadiyah Mataram University students, especially if there are demonstration activities that will attract participants so that they understand more easily. And it is hoped that the community who will conduct the next socialization will provide more thorough directions and direct demonstrations.

Reaction of Expectation of Success and Failure Attribution among Indian College Adults

The present study is an attempt to investigate reactions to Expected Success followed by Success/Failure feedback (ESS/ESF) in the hypothetical setting. Investigated the effects of personality variable, namely, self-esteem, a cognitive variable, namely, confirmation (actual success, when success was expected) and disconfirmation of expected success, (actual failure, when success was expected), as well as the sequence of these two events, on attribution of Success/Failure along with a social variable, namely, working in an individual or group setting, on reactions to success/ failure. 129 participants were employed through random sampling. The main dependent variables were (a) Subsequent choice of Individual setting/ Group setting, and (b) Attribution of Success/Failure. Subjects, classified into High / Low on Self-esteem (SE), initially expected success working with Group or Individual condition followed by success / failure. They were then asked to make attributions for their unexpected/expected success/failure, and choose an individual and group condition for the next trial. Findings indicated that after individual/ESF and group/ESS, HSE preferred to remain in the same condition. In contrast LSE preferred both conditions equally likely. There were significant differences between Success and Failure conditions with respect to the Attribution dimensions. This line of results supported the cognitive explanation of attribution.

The Role of Nutritionist Personality in Efforts to Reduce Stunting at Mantrijeron Health Center, Yogyakarta City

Short toddlers are toddlers with nutritional status based on length or height for their age when compared to the WHO-MGRS (Multicentre Growth Reference Study) standard in 2005. Stunting is a condition of growth failure in infants (0-11 months) and children under five (12-59 months) due to malnutrition since the baby is in the womb and in the early period after the baby is born. Indonesia, especially Yogyakarta City, is an area affected by cases of short toddlers with poor nutritional status as many as 1225 cases where the Mantrijeron Health Center is the health center with the highest stunting cases in Yogyakarta City. Nutritionists are considered the frontline in terms of identifying public health and nutrition problems, especially in pregnant women and toddlers, which may trigger high stunting rates in Indonesia. The personality of the Nutritionist, seen from The Big Five Personality is considered capable of generating client interest in conducting regular consultations and being able to live a healthy life in the hope of suppressing the growth of stunting rates. The results of the study stated that the openness to experience dimension was absent in one of the Nutritionists as seen from the difficulty in adjusting the language and the obstruction of work due to lack of mastery of digital technology.

RICE FIELDS MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT SYSTEM IN ACEH BESAR (Study of Engagement Patterns and Sharing of Harvest Results)

Rice field management, which is carried out by involving the people of Aceh Besar based on the norms of Islamic law and customary law, is applied from the beginning of the determination of the engagement to the capital of the harvest. Community practice describes the procedure for contracting and distributing crops in various forms. However, all farmers do it by mutual consent. This phenomenon is the focus of study in this paper. By basing on the method of discriptive analysis, the answers will be found, including: 1) the formation of contracts is carried out orally. The form of an oral contract is based on several things, namely the relationship between the parties; In general, the parties come from relatives or close family. Because of this relationship, they believe there will be no default made by the parties. In addition, there are two ways to start involvement in rice field management; First, half of the respondents agreed that capital is borne by rice field owners (this model is called muzara'ah), and half said capital is borne by farmers (this model is called mukhabarah). 2) the distribution of crops is carried out in the following way; 1) Mawah, which is divided equally between rice field owners and farmers. There are 3 people (20%); 2) Bulung 3, which is 2 parts for farmers, 1 part for rice field owners = 5 people (33.3%); 3) Bulung 4, which is 3 parts for farmers, 1 part for rice field owners = 4 people (26.6%); 4) Bulung 5, which is 3 parts for farmers, 2 parts for rice field owners =3 (20.1%). In addition to the three things already mentioned, the parties also agreed on the conditions of crop failure. Most engagements exempt farmers from giving rice to rice owners as a cost of using rice fields, while others require farmers to give rice to rice owners as rice field use fees.

Comparison of Indicators of Families at Risk of Stunting in High-Income Regencies and Low-Income Regencies in East Nusa Tenggara Province

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children due to chronic malnutrition. Early detection of various indicators of families at risk of stunting is an important effort in preventing stunting in the community. This research aims to analyze the comparison of indicators of families at risk of stunting in districts with high per capita income and districts with low per capita income. The Method is secondary data research. The data source is the results of the 2021 National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) Survey of East Nusa Tenggara Province. The sample size is 878 families divided into 439 families at risk of stunting from high-income districts per capita, and 439 families at risk of stunting from low-income districts. Sampling was carried out by stratification sampling technique or layered sampling. The independent variable is an indicator of a family at risk of stunting, namely the age of the mother, education, fixed income, number of children, sources of drinking water, proper latrines, and habitable houses, and the dependent variable is income per capita in the district where the family lives. The data were identified and statistically analyzed using bivariate Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression with a significant p-value <0.05. The result show that the chi-square test mother's age (p = 0.31), mother's education (p=0.77), fixed family income (p=0.00), number of children (p=0.17), availability of water sources clean (p=0.67), healthy latrine ownership (p=0.82), and healthy home ownership (p=0.03). Logistic regression test results for family fixed income (p=0.00), healthy home (p=0.07). The Conclusion is mother's age, mother's education, number of children, availability of clean water sources, ownership of latrines, and healthy homes are the main indicators of the risk of stunting in families. This indicator has no difference between families living in areas with low per capita income, and families living in areas with high incomes.

Seismic Risk Analysis of Existing Link Slab Bridges Using Novel Fragility Functions

In this paper, a comprehensive probabilistic framework is proposed and adopted to perform seismic reliability and risk analysis of existing link slab (LS) bridges, representing a widely diffused structural typology within the infrastructural networks of many countries worldwide. Unlike classic risk analysis methods, innovative fragility functions are used in this work to retrieve more specific and detailed information on the possible failure modes, without limiting the analysis to the global failure conditions but also considering several intermediate damage scenarios (including one or more damage mechanisms), and providing insights on the numerosity of elements involved within a given damage scenario. Reliability analyses are performed on a set of LS bridges with different geometries (total lengths and pier heights) designed according to the Italian codes enforced in the 1970s. Accurate numerical models are developed in OpenSees and Multiple-Stripe nonlinear time–history analyses are carried out to build proper demand models, from which fragility functions are determined according to two limit states: damage onset and near-collapse. Mean annual rates of exceeding are thus estimated through the convolution between the hazard and the fragility. The results shed light on the main failure mechanisms characterizing this bridge typology, highlighting how different levels of risk (hence safety margins) can be associated with failure scenarios that differ in terms of elements/mechanisms involved and damage extension. Such a higher level of detail in the risk analysis may be useful to better quantify post-earthquake consequences (e.g., costs and losses) and define more tailored retrofit interventions. A comparison of the reliability levels associated with bridges of the same class with different geometries is finally presented.

Phase space analysis of two-wavelength interferometry.

Multiple wavelength phase shifting interferometry is widely used to extend the unambiguous range (UR) beyond that of a single wavelength. Towards this end, many algorithms have been developed to calculate the optical path difference (OPD) from the phase measurements of multiple wavelengths. These algorithms fail when phase error exceeds a specific threshold. In this paper, we examine this failure condition. We introduce a "phase-space" view of multi-wavelength algorithms and demonstrate how this view may be used to understand an algorithm's robustness to phase measurement error. In particular, we show that the robustness of the synthetic wavelength algorithm deteriorates near the edges of its UR. We show that the robustness of de Groot's extended range algorithm [Appl. Opt.33, 5948 (1994)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.33.005948] depends on both wavelength and OPD in a non-trivial manner. Further, we demonstrate that the algorithm developed by Houairi and Cassaing (HC) [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A26, 2503 (2009)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.26.002503] results in uniform robustness across the entire UR. Finally, we explore the effect that wavelength error has on the robustness of the HC algorithm.

Corrosion effects on the flexural performance of prestressed reinforced concrete beams

An experimental campaign aimed at understanding the behavior of corroded prestressed beams is carried out to investigate the effects of low corrosion levels spreading along the entire beams. The results show that corrosion affects the flexural stiffness, the beams' crack pattern, and the failure conditions. Analytical models, implemented to simulate the experimental investigation, allowed a better interpretation of the obtained results, showing that the flexural performance of the corroded beam is governed by both a prestress loss and a reduction of the strand’s mechanical properties, such as ultimate strength and strain.

Application of Machine Learning Model for Predicting Mortality Rate in Heart Failure

Heart failure is among the prevalent illnesses that can give rise to perilous circumstances. Approximately 26 million individuals experience this condition annually. According to viewpoints of cardiac experts and surgeons, the timely prediction of heart failure remains a highly intricate endeavor. Fortunately, the emergence of categorization and anticipatory models provides a promising avenue for aiding the medical sector by showcasing efficient utilization of medical information. Within this study, the aim is to refine the accuracy of prognosticating heart failure risk by employing datasets derived from clinical records. To achieve this, this paper employs various machine learning techniques to interpret the information and forecast the likelihood of elevated occurrences in healthcare repositories. This study utilizes three distinct machine learning models: decision tree, logistic regression, and random forest to derive predictive accuracies for each model. The outcomes disclose that the decision tree attains the highest predictive accuracy, reaching 88.8%. Moreover, the results and comparative analyses indicate that the present study enhances the precision of earlier heart disease predictions. Incorporating the models presented in this study into healthcare systems has the potential to enable real-time forecasting of heart failure or other medical conditions using data gathered directly from patients.

JCL roundtable: Evolution of preventive cardiology and clinical lipidology

It's a privilege to discuss preventive cardiology with 3 of the foremost U.S. leaders in this growing subspecialty. Preventive cardiology is the practice of primordial, primary, and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. It employs an integrated team of clinicians committed to preventing all forms of cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and other conditions. Thus, contemporary preventive cardiology extends management beyond dyslipidemic risk reduction and now commonly includes treatment of hypertension, diabetes and other related cardiometabolic disorders, novel cardiovascular risk factors, thrombotic risk, some cardiac genetic disorders, and cardiac disorders specific to women's health, as well as attention to tobacco- and drug-related risks. Preventive cardiologists may simultaneously manage cardiac rehabilitation programs. Among significant innovations are the launch of the American Journal of Preventive Cardiology in 2020, increasing validation and use of coronary artery calcium scoring, prescription of obesity and diabetes pharmaceuticals by cardiologists, and focus on pregnancy as a natural cardiovascular stress test for women with implications for future cardiovascular events. A continuing major barrier is that reimbursement for preventive cardiology services currently does not match the value benefit which accrues to patients and society. Preventive care too often is added late in the course of disease management. In addition to ongoing pharmaceutical and lifestyle research, future directions include incorporation of specific training goals for preventive cardiology in general clinical cardiology training programs and support for registered dietician reimbursement for services to patients with clinically manifest atherosclerosis.

Assessment of Rainfall-Induced Shallow Landslides in Kavre District, Nepal

Steep slopes and fragile geology make Nepal a landslide-prone country. Kavre district experiences a large number of shallow landslides in the monsoon season. This research aims to establish rainfall intensity relation with rainfall duration along with rainfall threshold for the initiation of shallow landslides in the Kavre district, Nepal. The six rain gauge stations' rainfall data in the Kavre district from 1987-2016 and landslide data from 1987-2013 were used for establishing rainfall thresholds. The rainfall that risks the landslide event was sorted and the regression analysis of the rainfall and landslide yielded a relationship I =86.738 *D-1.066 having a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.1257. The analysis also incorporates the drawing of the lower boundary which is the 48-h rainfall depth that indicates the rainfall threshold for the initiation of landslide in the Kavre district. The 48-hour rainfall intensity and rainfall depth at which the risk of landslide initiation is high in the Kavre district is 1.4 mm/h. and 67.18mm. Analysis of the antecedent rainfall and the landslide occurrence event indicated that the daily rainfall at failure conditions is better correlated with 3 days of cumulative rainfall at failure than with 5, 7, 10, 15, and 30 days. The study is significant for rainfall-induced landslide disaster management.

Investigation of Crystallization, Morphology, and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Polypropylene-Polyethylene Block Copolymer Blends.

Polyethylene (PE)-based elastomers are the ideal choice for enhancing the compatibility of polypropylene/polyethylene (PP/PE) blends and improving the mechanical properties of PP-based materials. However, the issue of blend systems lies in the interplay between the crystallization processes. Therefore, we investigated the crystallization behavior during the cooling process of a new generation of PP/PE block copolymers (PP-b-PE) and random polypropylene (PPR, a copolymer of propylene and a small amount of ethylene or an alpha-olefin) blends using in-situ X-ray diffraction/scattering and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. We also conducted mechanical performance tests on PPR/PP-b-PE blends at room temperature and low temperature (-5 °C). The results indicate that during the cooling process, the PP phase of PP-b-PE will follow the PPR to crystallize in advance and form a eutectic mixture, thereby enhancing the compatibility of PP/PE. Moreover, the PPR/PP-b-PE blend will form stable β-(300) crystals with excellent mechanical properties. Due to the improved compatibility of PP/PE with PP-b-PE, PE crystals are dispersed within PP crystals, providing bonding that improves the toughness of PPR under the low stiffness failure conditions of PPR/PP-b-PE blends, thereby enhancing their impact performance at low and room temperatures. This research has great significance for both recycling waste plastics and enhancing the low-temperature toughness of PPR.

Thermal-electrical coupling analysis of the static heat pipe cooled reactor under heat pipe failure condition

Heat pipe cooled reactors have gained significant attention as a research hotspot in small nuclear reactor technology due to their miniaturization and mobility features, making them suitable for various special applications like deep-space exploration, underwater scientific research, catalog research, and distributed power supply in remote areas. This study employs COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze the heat transfer and thermoelectric conversion characteristics of a static heat pipe reactor. We investigate the thermal-electrical coupling behaviors under local heat pipe failure condition and examine its combination with the whole thermoelectric system unloading condition. Under steady-state conditions, the heat pipes exhibit isothermal properties of 112.4 °C, 114.8 °C, and 117.3 °C in the side, center, and corner channels, respectively. In the condition of local heat pipe failure, it was assumed that five adjacent heat pipes failed. Consequently, the temperature gradient of the failed heat pipe at the center channel reached 485.1 °C. Despite the local heat pipe failure, the output power of the thermoelectric system still reached 120.8 kW, and the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency remained at 12.1 %. When considering the coupling of local heat pipe failure with the unloading condition of the thermoelectric system, the maximum temperature of the reactor core increases by 675.8 °C. Additionally, the temperature gradient in the heat pipe adiabatic section rises to 517.3 °C in the center channel. The combined effect of overall temperature increasing and thermoelectric system unloading leads to open voltages ranging from 140.0 V to 149.0 V in the thermoelectric subsystem at different ports. The research findings suggest that the system temperature rise caused by the whole system unloading condition is more significant. Thus, considering the coupling effect of thermoelectric system unloading and heat pipe failure condition is conservative and crucial for a comprehensive analysis of the system behaviors. These results contribute to the understanding and optimization of heat pipe cooled reactors for various specialized applications.

Dynamic capabilities that matter for business failure versus survival

Due to the severity and length of the COVID-19 pandemic, some businesses have failed whereas others, including those in the same industry, have survived. Drawing on dynamic capability theory, we explored the dynamic capabilities, whose presence or absence are conditions for business failure or survival. We conducted 16 in-depth semi-structured interviews with owners/executives of firms from the travel and tourism, catering and hospitality, and agricultural export industries in India. Using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) technique, we found three causal configurations for the business failure phenomenon, and two causal configurations for business survival phenomenon. The absence of collaborative capability with key stakeholders was observed as key to business failure, and the absence of leadership adaptive capability and the ability to leverage government support were found in two of the three causal configurations. In contrast, leadership adaptive capability and collaborative capability were present in the two causal configurations for business survival. Contrary to common viewpoints, digital transformation capability was neither sufficient to prevent failure nor necessary to ensure survival. By focusing on firms' dynamic capabilities as the conditions that differentiate business failure from survival, this study advances scholarship, and offers guidance to managers on navigating through a crisis.

Age is superior to aortopathy phenotype as a predictor of aortic mechanics in patients with bicuspid valve

ObjectivesBicuspid aortic valve (BAV) aortopathy is defined by 3 phenotypes—root, ascending, and diffuse—based on region of maximal aortic dilation. We sought to determine the association between aortic mechanical behavior and aortopathy phenotype versus other clinical variables. MethodsFrom August 1, 2016, to March 1, 2023, 375 aortic specimens were collected from 105 patients undergoing elective ascending aortic aneurysm repair for BAV aortopathy. Planar biaxial data (191 specimens) informed constitutive descriptors of the arterial wall that were combined with in vivo geometry and hemodynamics to predict stiffness, stress, and energy density under physiologic loads. Uniaxial testing (184 specimens) evaluated failure stretch and failure Cauchy stress. Boosting regression was implemented to model the association between clinical variables and mechanical metrics. ResultsThere were no significant differences in mechanical metrics between the root phenotype (N = 33, 31%) and ascending/diffuse phenotypes (N = 72, 69%). Biaxial testing demonstrated older age was associated with increased circumferential stiffness, decreased stress, and decreased energy density. On uniaxial testing, longitudinally versus circumferentially oriented specimens failed at significantly lower Cauchy stress (50th [15th, 85th percentiles]: 1.0 [0.7, 1.6] MPa vs 1.9 [1.3, 3.1] MPa; P < .001). Age was associated with decreased failure stretch and stress. Elongated ascending aortas were also associated with decreased failure stress. ConclusionsAortic mechanical function under physiologic and failure conditions in BAV aortopathy is robustly associated with age and poorly associated with aortopathy phenotype. Data suggesting that the root phenotype of BAV aortopathy portends worse outcomes are unlikely to be related to aberrant, phenotype-specific tissue mechanics.

The superstructure behavior assessment of the railway bridge with truss element damage

The analysis of railway bridge accidents shows that at the present stage, the number of accidents and mechanical superstructures damage is associated with vehicle impacts. Bridge design standards recommend to check bridge structures for survivability, operational control standards do not cover such issues. To superstructure behavior assessment of a single-track railway bridge with truss element damage, a numerical study of changes in the stress-strain state of bridge superstructure was carried out within the framework of the dissertation research «Assessment of the operational reliability of metal spans with damage and methods of their monitoring». The object of the research is a typical superstructure with an estimated length of 66 m in the condition of complete or partial failure of various truss elements due to mechanical damage. As a result of the research, the nature of the redistribution of the stress-strain state of the superstructure was revealed. It is determined that the spatial redistribution of the stress-strain state occurs along the path of increasing stresses in the lattice elements of the parallel truss and longitudinal links. According to the control of allowable stresses and deflections, the survivability of the superstructure is maintained while 70 % of the single truss element elimination is reached. The elements for which mechanical damage is most dangerous have been identified.