Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma has progressed significantly in the past decade. Pal et al. (Duarte, CA, USA) reported a large retrospective review of advanced renal cell carcinoma in the USA. They reviewed the medical charts of 1173 patients from 318 physicians, and indicated that sunitinib and everolimus remain the most commonly used first and second targeted therapies, respectively. This article shed light on real-world practice in the USA. Cancer-related death is rare for men with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer and a Gleason score of ≤6. This seems to be partly explained by undergrading of biopsies. Alberts et al. (Rotterdam, the Netherlands) retrospectively reviewed the biopsy specimens of 98 men with a Gleason score of ≤6 or 3 + 4 = 7. This review included 15 men who died, and had a clinical T 1/2 Gleason score of ≤6 at prevalence screening in the European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer Rotterdam cohort. They also confirmed that the International Society of Urological Pathology 2014 grading system was more accurate for prognostic assessment than the classic Gleason score. This issue includes two interesting Original Articles focusing on prostate biopsy. Shoji et al. (Tokyo, Japan) reported the accuracy of a new technique, real-time magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound fusion transperineal target biopsy for biopsy-naïve men. They concluded that targeted biopsy is superior to conventional systemic biopsy. However, a systemic biopsy is still important, because although targeted biopsy alone diagnosed 79% of significant cancers, combined targeted + systematic biopsies diagnosed 95% of significant cancers. Kamei et al. (Tokyo, Japan) reported the prevalence and characteristics of fecal antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in Japanese men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy. Transrectal biopsy is a common procedure for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, but it has a risk of life-threatening infectious complications. Current guidelines recommend prophylactic use of fluoroquinolone. However, the results of the study revealed fecal carriage rates of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli and extended-spectrum b-lactamase-producing E. coli at 9.8% and 5.9%, respectively. An important article in functional urology, Ferreira et al. (Le Mans, France) reported the midterm outcomes of laparoscopic implantation of artificial urinary sphincters in women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency. They reported that 76% of patients experienced resolution, and 16% reported improvement of incontinence. The report was one of the largest series with the longest follow up for this patient population. This issue included two interesting Case Reports. The first report by Fahmy et al. (Selangor, Malaysia) described a unique ureteral substitution technique using buccal mucosa for a 64-year-old woman with a long proximal ureteral stricture after multiple bowel surgeries. Postoperative renal function was improved. The second report by Sugino et al. (Nagoya, Japan) presented a case of the successful treatment of an impacted ureteral stone in a 2-year-old girl with a single session of combined percutaneous nephrostomy and ureteroscopy using a holmium laser.