Faculty Of Agriculture Research Articles

Increasing Red Onion Plant (Allium ascalonicum L) Growth and Production by Providing Cascing and NPK 16.16.16. Fertilizer

Riau Province relies on other regions, such as North Sumatra, West Sumatra, and Java, for its needs. However, when natural disasters occur, or transportation disruptions happen from the sources of onion production, the price of shallots in the market increases. To reduce Riau companies' dependency on this raw material, it is necessary to develop shallot plants using optimal cultivation techniques to maximize growth and production. This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Pasir Pengaraian University, Rokan Hulu Regency, for three months from May 2022 to July 2022. The research utilized a completely randomized factorial design with two factors. The first factor involved the application of Vermicompost Fertilizer, with four treatment levels: 0. 200. 400. and 600 g/plot. The second factor involved the application of NPK 16.16.16 fertilizer with four treatment levels: 0. 10. 20. and 30 g/plot. The parameters observed included plant height, harvest age, number of tubers per cluster, tuber weight per bulb, wet tuber weight per cluster, dry tuber weight, and percentage of tuber weight loss. The research results indicated that the interaction between vermicompost fertilizer and NPK 16.16.16 fertilizer had a significant impact on plant height, harvest age, number of tubers per cluster, number of tubers per tuber, wet tuber weight per cluster, and dry tuber weight per cluster. The best treatment was a combination of Vermicompost 600 g/plot and NPK 16.16.16 30 g/plot. The main effect of the Vermicompost Fertilizer application was significant for all observation parameters, and the main effect of NPK 16.16.16 also had a significant impact on all observation parameters.

Evaluation Of Ph Quality And Water Capacity Of Yogurt Of Etawa Goat Milk (Capra Aegagrus Hircus) With The Addition Of Mangga Golek Fruit Juice

Milk is the product of livestock in the form of white liquid contains nutrients that are very good for humans. This study aims to determine the quality of pH (Hydrogen Potential) and moisture content of Peranakan Etawa (PE) goat milk yogurt with the addition of golek mango juice at different levels. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Tjut Nyak Dhien University. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications, namely P0, P1, P2 and P3 by testing the pH and moisture content of yogurt.The results showed that the addition of golek mango juice to yogurt gave the same effect on yogurt pH and water content. The optimal pH value, water content and dry matter of etawa peranakan goat milk yogurt in treatment P0 without the addition of golek mango juice with an average pH value of 3.98, water content of 84.4% and dry matter of yogurt of 15.6%. Yogurt dry matter is better in the P0 treatment

Diseminasi Tepung Mocaf Di Sungai Raya Kubu Raya

The community service entitled Dissemination of Mocaf Flour in Sungai Raya Kubu Raya was carried out with the target audience of BPP Sungai Raya workers and the members of the Haji Ali 1 farmer group in Kuala Dua village. The problems faced by the lack of knowledge and skills in post-harvest handling of cassava into mocaf and how to test the flour quality. The solution offered is the diffusion of technology for making mocaf flour as a choice in the production aspect, while for the management aspect the solution offered is a quality assurance system by training community representatives by conducting product quality tests as a result of assistance in the food design laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University. The target achieved from this activity was to increase knowledge to 60% about mocaf flour and there were at least 3 participants who came from extension workers or members of the Haji Ali 1 farmer group who were skilled at making mocaf and had knowledge of the quality of mocaf at least 60%. The benefit of this community service is to increase the competitiveness of Human Resources in the Kuala Dua village and BPP Sungai Raya Kubu Raya workers.

Response of cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.) to organic and chemical fertilizer applications on grain yield and yield components

Grain of cowpea are used for human diet and its grain contains high protein, minerals and vitamins. Cowpea was also used as hay, silage, green forage, grain fodder for feed livestocks. The experiment was conducted under irrigated conditions in the experimental area of Field Crop Deparment, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Balcalı, Adana, Turkiye. The growing period covered throughout 2021 and 2022. The field experiment was organized in split plots based on randomized complete blocks design with three replication. Two registered cultivars (Karagöz ve Akkız) were used as a research material. In this experiment the main plots were cultivars and sub-plots were application of fertilizer. Treatments were: control (no fertilizer), solid leonardite, liquid leonardite, basal chemical dose + solid leonardite, basal chemical dose +liquid leonardite, basal chemical fertilizer + additional N fertilizer. Basal chemical dose was application of 40 kg N ha-1 and 100 kg N ha-1 P2O5 (Di ammonium phosphate or DAP) before sowing as recommended chemical fertilizer. Addition chemical dose was application of 80 kg N ha-1 (Ammonium sulfate) over the basal dose at the seedling stage. Rhizobia inoculant was not applied during the field experiment. Akkız seed yield was significantly higher in application of liquid leonardite fertilizer and the combination of basal chemical fertilizer + liquid leonardite fertilizer with 1656 and 1533 kg ha-1 respectively, compared to other treatments. The grain yield in the control plot was the lowest in both cultivars. As a result, applying liquid leonardite fertilizer into the soil before sowing can be useful for grain production in cowpea.

Ultisol optimization strategy: the use of Tithonia compost and rice husk biochar to improve nodulation and promote soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) growth

This study aimed to investigate the optimization of Ultisol soil using biochar and compost to increase nodule formation and performance of soybeans. The trial was conducted at the Research and Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi, for six months from April through to October 2021. Three levels of compost (5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1, and 15 t ha-1) were tested in combination with three levels of biochar (5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1, and      15 t ha-1). A completely randomized design was employed with three replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 20 plants, and 25% of the population was taken as sample plants. Results indicated that the application of soil ameliorant in the form of Tithonia compost and biochar could increase soil pH and nutrient contents and reduce C/N ratio. Tithonia compost + biochar improved Ultisol productivity as indicated by increased nodule formation and soybean growth. The combination of Tithonia compost and biochar, each of 15 t ha-1, was the best combination for the optimization of Ultisol, which produced the highest biological nitrogen fixation rate and resulted in the best soybean growth.

Test concentrations of Riau local rice field isolate entomophatogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae toward mortality brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens stal.) in the laboratory

The brown planthopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) is main pest of rice plants and cause hopperburn and viruses vector. The BPH control uses an entomopathogenic fungus is Riau local rice field isolate Metarhizium anisopliae. This isolate was obtained from rice plants in Kampar, Riau. The research was aimed to get the best concentration and the right concentration in killing the BPH. Research was conducted at Laboratory of Plant Pests, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University from June to April 2023. The research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was concentration of 0, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 g.l-1 aquades to obtain 24 experimental units. The parameters for observation were initial time of death, lethal time 50%, lethal concentrations of 50 and 95, daily mortality and total mortality. The results research shows concentration of 40 g.l-1 aquades (0.90 x 106 kon.ml-1) was the best concentration cause a total mortality of 72.50 ± 9.57%, the initial time of death 163.50 ± 6.45 hours after application and lethal time of 50 206.25 ± 9.77 hours after application. The right concentration in killing 50% and 95% of BPHs was 2.11% and 10.45%..

ANALISIS BEBERAPA SIFAT KIMIA TANAH PADA DUA MACAM PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI SUNGAI KAKAP, KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA, KALIMANTAN BARAT

Paddy fields and mixed farming apply intensive agricultural cultivation, and sustainable land use causes changes in land quality, one of which affects soil chemical properties. This study aimed to compare soil chemical properties based on differences in the use of paddy fields and mixed farming in Sungai Kakap District, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. Research in the field in Pal IX Village, Sungai Kakap Sub-district, Kubu Raya Regency, for sampling soil samples at 0-20 cm depth. Soil analysis was conducted at the Chemistry and Soil Fertility Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University. The results showed that the two fields, paddy fields, and mixed farming, had almost the same chemical properties in paddy fields pH, organic C,  available P, cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg.

The Potential of Cigarette Butt Extract Against Bemisia Tabaci in Tomato

Innovation used cigarette butt extract added papaya leaves and banana stem against Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) become alternative reduce synthetic pesticide application in horticultural plant. The liquid do not produce residues on plant or soil. The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of cigarette butt, papaya leaves and banana stems in controlling B. tabaci on tomato. The research was conducted at the Basic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University to prepare cigarette butt, nicotine maceration and nutrient content tests. Field trials were conducted at the experimental site of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University from September to December 2022. Five types of treatment applied on tomato plants: P0 (control), P1 (cigarette butt extract + papaya leaves), P2 (cigarette butt extract), P3 (banana stem waste) and P4 (cigarette butt extract + banana stem + papaya leaves). The result showed different results of each treatment. The highest B. tabaci attacked intensity at P0 (100%) and P3 (100%) while the lowest at P4 (33.3%). The highest growth height of tomato plant showed in P4 (33.3 cm) and the lowest in P3 (28.8 cm). The highest number of tomato leaves in P4 (49.7 leaves) and the lowest in P3 (36.3 leaves). The result indicated combine extract of cigarette butts, banana stem and papaya leaves increasing plant health and able reduce the attack intensity of B. tabaci.

Impact of artificial diets on the biological and chemical properties of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera:Curculionidae).

One of the most common palm pests is the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier. Five artificial diets were evaluated to rear RPW, and to facilitate its behavioral and biological studies. The developmental of R. ferruginus was studied on the tested artificial diets based on primarily composed of sugarcane stem pieces (1st diet; control), sweet pumpkin (2nd diet), ground sugarcane + sweet pumpkin (3rd diet), sweet potato (4th diet) and ground sugarcane + sweet potato (5th diet) under rearing room (28 ± 1 °C and 75 ± 5 RH%) at Faculty of Agriculture in Benha district. The biological aspects, pre-oviposition, oviposition, larval & pupal durations, the longevity of male and female adults and the generation period of R. ferrugineus have all been estimated. Moreover, the impact of these artificial diets on the quantities of total proteins, carbohydrates and lipids were determined in the full-grown larvae. Obtained results showed that the insect manifested the shortest larval and pupal periods and the longest longevity for males and females when rearing of R. ferruginus took place on an artificial diet based on sweet potato as a successful and economical for mass rearing of the red palm weevil under laboratory conditions. Larvae fed on diet 4 (sweet potato) was exhibited the shortest duration (114.80 days), while 1st diet (Sugarcane stem pieces) was recorded the longest period (125.00 ± days). Similarly for pupation and both male and female longevity, the shortest periods resulted from larvae feeding on 4th diet (14.65, 49.40 and 48.0 days, respectively). Contrariwise, the longest pupal period was reported with 5th diet (15.70 days). The highest of eggs hatchability % (96.53%) resulted from the rearing nof R. ferruginus larvae on the 4th diet. Chemical analyses of the full-grown larva were indicated that the highest contents of total carbohydrates (45.57 µg/g), lipids (28.46 µg/g) and proteins (20.01µg/g) were obtained in case of larvae reared on 1st and 4th diets, respectively. Consequently, the development of R. ferruginus stages was slightly lower on both 1st and 4th artificial diets. So that, both of them were a successful and economic artificial diet for RPW development under laboratory conditions. Therefore, this study added valuable alternative ingredients to prepare more practical and economical feeding substrate for weevil rearing to help for proposal of its management and conservation in palm plantations.

Effectiveness of bagasse and rice straw ashes against postharvest pest, Sitophilus zeamais on maize seed

Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is the main pest on maize seed in the storage. In general, postharvest pest control uses synthetic insecticides. However, the use of these synthetic insecticides causes insect resistance and negative impact on human health. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of rice straw and bagasse ashes as inert dust in postharvest pest management of S. zeamais. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin. This study used two treatments with four different doses i.e., 2, 4, 6, 8 g, and untreated (control). The results showed that complete (100%) of adult mortality at highest dose (8 g/kg seed) of bagasse ash in three days after infestation, while in the higher doses (6 and 8 g/kg seed) of rice straw ash killed 99.15%. The use of inert dust also causes typical symptoms in mortality in the form of wings coming out of the elytra, which is different from adult mortality without treatment.

MACRO CONTENT ANALYSIS BETWEEN ECO ENZYME AND GREEN TONIC FERTILIZER ON CHILI PLANT GROWTH

Organic waste is a serious problem in big cities. Eco Enzyme and Green Tonic fertilizer are used to solve the problem and increase the growth of chili plants. Research comparing the macro content of both is needed. Eco Enzyme analysis activities were carried out at the Soil Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University. The activity of planting chili plants was carried out in one of the researcher's houses. The activities carried out in this study were carried out in two stages, namely the first stage of analysing the content of Eco Enzyme and Green Tonic Fertilizer and the second stage of planting chili plants. Green Tonic Fertilizer has a higher Nitrogen content than Eco Enzyme. However, Eco Enzyme has a higher Potassium content than Green Tonic Fertilizer. Based on the results of the research activities that have been carried out, it can be concluded that; observation of the height of chili plants after the experiment shows that the interaction effect and the main effect of applying eco enzyme has a significant effect on the height of chili plants compared to applying Green Tonic fertilizer and the results also show that many leaves using eco enzyme are better than Green Tonic fertilizer.

Evaluation of Genetic variability and viability association of eight Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) varieties under different level of salinity stress

An investigation was carried to study the mean performance, variability and the associations between characters in mungbean. For this study eight mungbean genotypes viz., ADT 2, BM-2002-1, ML 5, AKM 4, Vishal, Vamban, TARM 1 and Utkarsh were used. The experiment was conducted in the Seed Science and Technology (sst) Laboratory and at Pot culture yard, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, Tamil nadu from September 2016 to December 2017 with four salt treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6 DSM-1) in ramdomized block design with three replications. Observation were on seven seedling characters such as germination percentage, seedling shoot length, seedling root length, seedling shoot fresh weight, seedling root fresh weight, seedling shoot dry weight, seedling root dry weight and seven quantitative characters such as days to first flowering, plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and seed yield/plant. Four elite genotypes were found to be superior based on the mean performance namely Utkarsh, TARM 1, Vamban and Vishal among the various levels of salinity.

Yield of spring wheat depending on the level of mineral nutrition and the use of biologically active substances under condition grown of Afghanistan

A field experiments was carried out at the experimental farm department of Agronomy, Agriculture faculty, Al-beruni University, Kapisa, Afghanistan, to study the effect of NPK and gibberellic acid on growth and yield of spring wheat during March-June 2022 and 2023. The experiment was arranged on randomized complete block design, with three replication. Treatments include: T1 - N0P0K0 (Control), T2 – N1P1K1 (120–60-30 kg/ha), T3 – N2P2K2 (160–90-60 kg/ha),T4 – N3P3K3 (200–120-90 kg/ha), T5 – N1P1K1 (120–60-30 kg/ha) + GA3 200 ppm, T6 – N2P2K2 (160–90-60 kg/ha), + GA3 200 ppm, T7 – N3P3K3 (200–120-90 kg/ha) + GA3 200 ppm. In case of mineral fertilizers and gibberellic acid, results indicated that NPK levels and GA3 with a few exceptions remarkably improved the yields attributes and yields of spring wheat. The highest 1000 grain weight (46.98 and 47.18 gr), grain yield (4.16 and 4.63 t/ha) and straw yield of spring (8.48 and 8.55 t/ha) wheat was recorded with application of 160–90-60 Kg/ha NPK + 200 ppm GA3 in both years of 2022 and 2023. While the minimum was found in control treatment.

Students perceptions towards teaching faculty of agriculture: The case study of university of agriculture sciences, Raichur, Karnataka

Students perceptions towards teaching faculty of agriculture: The case study of university of agriculture sciences, Raichur, Karnataka

EVALUASI PUPUK NITROGEN LEPAS LAMBAT PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

Slow-release fertilizer can provide nutrients more efficiently; nutrients are released and available slowly so that they have the potential to be absorbed by plants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of several slow-release N fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) in sandy soil. This research was carried out in the greenhouse and laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura. The experiment was arranged on a non-factorial completely randomized design. There were six treatment levels, namely P0 (uncoated urea fertilizer, applied into one application), P1 (uncoated urea fertilizer, split into three times applications), P2 (urea fertilizer with bentonite coating, P3 (urea fertilizer with biochar coating), P4 (urea fertilizer with coal coating), and P5 (urea fertilizer with biochar compost coating). All coated urea fertilizers were applied one time at the early growth of corn. The results showed that the application of slow-release N fertilizer had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, cob length, diameter, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, seed weight per plant, 100 seed weight, and flower age. However, the application of slow-release N fertilizer had a very significant effect on plant height at 42 DAP, the number of leaves at 14 DAP and 56 DAP, and leaf area at 28 DAP and 56 DAP. All coated urea fertilizers were as effective as uncoated urea on the growth and yield of corn.

PENGARUH PELAPISAN BENIH (SEED COATING) DAN CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

Part of the dry land in Madura developed from parent material, namely sand sediments which have a low organic matter content. This study aimed to determine differences in the effectiveness of corn seed coating materials from bentonite, biochar, lignite, and biochar compost on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under drought stress conditions. This study was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory and screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, using a completely randomized design. The treatments tested in this study comprised two factors. The first factor was the treatment of coating materials, namely C0 = without coating (control), C1 = bentonite coating, C2 = biochar coating, C3 = lignite coal coating, and C4 = biochar compost coating. The second factor is the level of drought stress, namely K0 = control (100% KL moisture), K1 = Light stress (80% KL moisture), K2 = moderate stress (60% KL moisture), and K3 = severe stress (40% KL moisture). The results showed that the combination of seed coating agent treatment and drought stress had a significant effect on the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, age of male and female flowers, cob length, cob diameter without husks, biomass dry weight, and production potential per hectare. The coal coating material and light drought stress 80% KL (C3K1) was the best combination of seed coating and drought stress treatment.

A comparison of environmental performance of electronic and bound-thesis using life cycle assessment

Dematerialization through information technology aids in advancing environmental sustainability. Replacing a bound thesis with an e-thesis for a university dissertation will be a complementary paradigm shift for higher environmental performance. Hence, the study intended to determine and compare the environmental performance parameters of conventional paper-based bound-thesis and e-thesis. Moreover, the study aimed to identify the activities causing higher environmental burdens during the production of bound and e-thesis. Open LCA 1.11 was employed for a conventional bound thesis with its e-version submitted by the undergraduates of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka. The study utilized U.S. EPA life-cycle inventory data. The analysis demonstrated that the overall global warming potential of a 40-page hard cover thesis was 4,839,000.00 kg CO2-eq to which paper and cover import and paper manufacturing stages contributed more than 99% (4,830,000.0 kg CO2-eq). In comparison, a 0.084 MB soft copy of an e-thesis reported a negligible (0.09936 kg CO2-eq) global warming potential value. Ozone formation-human health, ozone formation-terrestrial ecosystems, terrestrial acidification, fine particulate matter formation, and marine eutrophication potential were 265,584.31 kg NOx eq, 265,583.21 kg NOx eq, 177,451.5 kg SO2 eq, 52,948 kg PM2.5 eq, and 29,041.0 kg N-eq for bound thesis production system. Except for the stratospheric ozone depletion impact and water consumption, environmental performance indicators of e-thesis were superior to the conventional-bound thesis. The study recommends the preparation of e-thesis as an environmentally sound approach. Switching to renewables, extended lifespan, and material recycling of devices at the end of use, sustainable forestry practices, process optimization, and cleaner production technologies can further enhance the environmental performance of e-thesis.

Microplastic characteristics in several land covers in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar

Plastic is one of the materials that is often used by people who are difficult to decompose. The decomposed plastic will become several parts which are termed macro plastic and micro plastic. Plastic will accumulate in soil and water can release chemicals that will endanger plant health. The purpose of this paper is to identify the accumulation of microplastics in several land covers. The research started with sampling on land cover at Mini Sport center Universitas Syiah Kuala (Gelanggang Park), Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Urban Forest, Community Park (Tahura), and Edge of cross road (sibreh). Each replicate was sampled amount to 30 top soil samples (0-5 cm) and 30 subsoil samples (5-20 cm). Total soil samples per location point were 6 samples. The stages carried out were starting from drying the sample, separating the sediment, removing the organic material, separating the solid and identifying microplastic. Results found that the most dominant type of microplastics found at each sample point is the Fragment type of microplastics with 164 particles. Then fiber type microplastics with a particle count of 103 particles. While the least found is the type of microplastic film with a particle count of 92 particles. At Gelanggang Park, we found a high abundance of Film species and a moderate abundance of Fiber species. The Urban Forest had a low abundance of all particle types. The most common colour appearing in the data are Brown and Grey, with a total of 210 and 73 respectively. The colours dominate compared to other colour across locations and layers, there are differences in the number of colours between the Lower and Upper layers at each site.

The impact of nitrogen fertilization on the alkaloid content and growth traits of Datura (Datura stramonium L.)

D. stramonium is a wild plant species belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae and grows on the edges of cotton fields, empty lands and roadsides. The plant is one of the most important economic weed plants that contain both toxic and medicinal properties. Studies have shown that the plant contains toxic tropane alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine. It is known that cultivation techniques have a great influence on the quality and quantity of secondary metabolites. For this reason, it is important to determine the optimal values of the agronomic factors that influence plant growth and production. This study was conducted in the experimental area of the Agricultural Faculty of Dicle University in the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons so as to evaluate the impact of nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha-1) on some agronomical characteristics such as fresh and dry herb yield and total alkaloid content of Datura (Datura stramonium L.). The results revealed that significant (P?0.05) differences were observed between nitrogen doses in the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons in terms of seed yield, fresh and dry herb yield and total alkaloid yield of seeds. However, seed yield changed between 545 kg ha-1 and 625 kg ha-1, fresh herb yield between 8000 and 24483 kg ha-1, dry herb yield between 2190 kg ha-1 and 5083 kg ha-1 and alkaloid content between 0.259% and 0.366%, respectively. The results showed that fresh and dry herb yields increased with increasing nitrogen doses.

İzmir’den Alınan Hıyar mozaik virüsü (CMV) İzolatlarının Biyolojik ve Moleküler Tespiti

Objective: This study was intended to determine cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolates present in tomato-growing areas of the Izmir province of Turkey in 2021-2022 based on mechanical inoculations and RT-PCR method.
 Materials and Methods: 17 CMV suspected plant samples previously obtained from Izmir between 2019-2022 and preserved under the appropriate temperature in the Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection of Ege University were used to carry out mechanical inoculation of the virus into a number of different test plants consisting of Nicotiana glutinosa, Solanum lycopersicum ‘SC-2121’, and Cucumis sativus ‘Beit Alpha’ cultivars. Virus-inoculated plants were visually evaluated for symptom development, followed by a DAS-ELISA test with CMV-specific antibodies. CMV-positive tobaccos were used to repeat mechanical inoculation of the virus into newly grown test plants, followed by a second ELISA and final RT-PCR test.
 Results: As a result, CMV-D and CMV-B2 isolates obtained from Izmir produced CMV-like symptoms in the test plants. However, only CMV-D inoculated test plants consistently came out to be positive in the final ELISA and RT-PCR test. CMV-D isolate in tobacco and cucumber induced systemic mosaic and in tomato, caused mosaic, stunting and bushy appearance during 3 weeks of virus inoculation. CMV-D inoculated plants when tested for RT-PCR produced an amplified cDNA band of 280 bp in agarose gel indicating the presence of the virus.
 Conclusion: This study concludes that CMV causes a variety of symptoms depending upon the viral strain involved, infected host species, and other factors. The presence of CMV-D isolate has been biologically and molecularly identified based on repeated mechanical inoculations in its host species and a final RT-PCR test performed under a controlled experimental setup. Further study of the responsible isolate can be achieved by its genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to better understand the viral strain involved in the infection.