Academic achievement refers to performance outcomes that indicate how far a person has progressed in specific goals of activities in instructional settings, such as school, college, and university. This research was done to study the factors that can distress students’ academic achievement so that to find a solution to this problem. This study took place in the faculty of social science at the University of Bosaso, Garowe, Puntland, Somalia as a case study. Although this problem is very large and affects most universities, especially those operating in developing countries. The research used an explanatory case study and a questionnaire as data collection instruments. The research has found many factors that affect students’ academic achievements with a negative outcome. The major ones were student factors, such as students’ learning skills, parental background, environmental causes, and peer influence. Similarly, teacher-related factors, school factors, socio-cultural factors, and others. This study was conducted on 60 respondents in total, of which 83.3% were students, 10% were administrative staff, and 6.7% were university lecturers. There were 66.7% males and 33.3% females among them. Based on findings, the research has discussed and recommended many factors that can make students successful in their academic performance.