Factors Of Orientation Research Articles

Entrepreneurial Orientation in Micro and Small Enterprises of Traditional Food Centers in Bandung, West Java

The research objective was to analyze the determninant factors of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) in the Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) of the traditional food centers in Bandung. It used the EO dimension at the organizational level. Five dimensions were used to measure the EO level, namely risk-taking, innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, proactiveness, and autonomy. The questionare’s was distributed to eight MSEs in Bandung. The sample size is 100 employee Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis techniques with Partial Least Square (PLS) was used to test the samples. This research shows that the EO level in the micro and small enterprises in the traditional food centers in Bandung is at a moderate level. Although EO of MSEs in the traditional food centers in Bandung is in the moderate category, the results of testing on the EO model find out that each EO dimension forms a significant EO construct. The four dominant and recommended dimensions forming an EO construct in MSEs are risk-taking, innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, and proactiveness. Among the four dimensions, risk-taking is the dominant dimension. It indicates that courage in taking risks in MSEs is a natural characteristic of the EO in the traditional food centers in Bandung.

The effect of manipulating group task orientation and support for innovation on collaborative creativity in an educational setting

Team climate is thought to play a vital role in shaping the process and outcomes of collaborative problem-solving. However, prior evidence for this proposition in the research literature is largely observational and correlational in nature. This report describes a field experiment that manipulates two key dimensions of group climate (West, 1990): group task orientation and support for innovation, and assesses the effects of this manipulation on the creativity of group solutions to a set of open-ended problems. Participants were 295 high school students in China working in 60 collaborative groups to solve four tasks used in prior creativity research. In order to establish a causal role for team climate in promoting creativity, rewards were used to manipulate the team climate factors of task orientation and support for innovation between groups in a 2 × 2 design. Task orientation, defined as a shared concern with excellence of group performance, was manipulated by informing some groups (but not others) in advance about both monetary and social performance rewards. Support for innovation, the expectation of and support for unique ideas, was manipulated by describing to some groups in advance an aspect of the scoring rule that rewarded originality (defined as unique answers to the tasks). The group responses to the tasks were scored on three dimensions often used to define creativity: fluency, flexibility, and originality. As hypothesized, the manipulations designed to incentivize a concern for excellence and support for innovation each showed a main effect in the form of higher creativity scores, but the effects were limited to the originality dimension. The findings suggest ways for educators and parents to plan and implement effective pedagogical strategies aimed at improving students’ collaborative creativity.

Effect of career orientation on organizational commitments mediated by job satisfaction

The sample used was non-civil servant employees at the Department of Industry and Trade in Denpasar City, totaling 75 respondents using saturated sampling to collect the samples. This study used PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis technique. The results of the study found that career orientation had a positive effect on organizational commitment, career orientation had a positive effect on job satisfaction, job satisfaction had a positive effect on organizational commitment, and job satisfaction acted as a partial mediating variable on the effect of career orientation relationships on organizational commitment. The implications of this study indicate that in order to increase the organizational commitment of non-civil servant employees of the Denpasar Industry and Trade Service, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors of career orientation and job satisfaction. This shows that career orientation and job satisfaction factors greatly affect the behavior of non-civil servant employees in increasing their commitment to achieving organizational goals. Organizations should provide clear career orientations to non-civil servant employees and able to give opportunities to develop their values ​​at work.

Real-Time Detection of Spatial Disorientation in Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

Background: Detecting manifestations of spatial disorientation in real time is a key requirement for adaptive assistive navigation systems for people with dementia. Objective: To identify predictive patterns of spatial disorientation in cognitively impaired people during unconstrained locomotion behavior in an urban environment. Methods: Accelerometric data and GPS records were gathered during a wayfinding task along a route of about 1 km in 15 people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment or clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease dementia (13 completers). We calculated a set of 48 statistical features for each 10-s segment of the acceleration sensor signal to characterize the physical motion. We used different classifiers with the wrapper method and leave-one-out cross-validation for feature selection and for determining accuracy of disorientation detection. Results: Linear discriminant analysis using three features showed the best classification results, with a cross-validated ROC AUC of 0.75, detecting 65% of all scenes of spatial disorientation in real time. Consideration of an additional feature that informed about a person’s distance to the next traffic junction did not provide an additional information gain. Conclusions: Accelerometric data are able to capture the uniformity and activity of a person’s walking, which are identified as the most informative locomotion features of spatially disoriented behavior. This serves as an important basis for real-time navigation assistance. To improve the required accuracy of real-time disorientation prediction, as a next step we will analyze whether location-based behavior is able to inform about person-centered habitual factors of orientation.

Probing the subsurface lattice rotation dynamics in bronze after sliding wear

The subsurface lattice rotation of polycrystalline and single crystal Cu-Ni-Sn bronze after pin-on-disc wear test were characterized using electron-backscattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The majority of grains were sheared in the sliding direction with rotation axis around the transverse direction of the pin, exhibiting a weak shear texture. The orientation spread along the sliding direction increased with subsurface plastic strain, following a power law relationship. The grain re-orientation magnitude in the pin normal direction was found to be related to the number of active slip systems, as indicated by the Schmid factors of the local grain orientation.

EMPOWERING LEADERSHIP IN R&D — MODERATING EFFECTS OF THE STRATEGIC AND CULTURAL CONTEXT

Successful new product development is of crucial importance for the survival of enterprises and for creating and securing competitive positions. In R&D performance in new product development is generally affected by interpersonal leadership. Empowering leadership, specifically, is suitable for this context, as the need for autonomy and achievement, as well as the cooperation of the followers, are taken into account through the support of the leader. However, so far no moderating effects of the context have been examined. Therefore, the present study examined the influence of the contextual factors of strategic, structural, and cultural orientation on the relations between empowering leadership and new product development performance in R&D. Additionally, a wide range of leadership behaviors with transformational and transactional leadership is taken into account in this study. Empowering leadership is assumed to have the highest impact on the R&D context. The moderating effects of the context were investigated in a quantitative design with 116 leaders and 371 respective followers from 32 R&D departments of various branches of industrial enterprises. The results confirmed a main effect of empowering leadership on new product development performance. Additionally, moderation analyses showed moderating effects on strategic and cultural orientation, while structural orientation had no moderating effect. It can be concluded that empowering leadership has a positive effect on new product development performance; nevertheless, the context in which leadership is practiced has to be considered.

Empirical analysis of HPO framework in public sector organizations of Pakistan

Purpose Building on high-performance organizations (HPO) framework, the purpose of this paper is to hypothesize the direct impact of five factors of HPO framework on public organizations’ performance in Pakistan. This is first research to employ the partial least squares (PLS) method to provide empirical evidence of the predictive power of the framework in public organizations. Design/methodology/approach This is a cross-sectional study conducted in non-contrived settings thereby keeping researcher interference to a minimum. Data collection was carried out by distributing online questionnaires to 513 employees from three different service-based public organizations in Pakistan. PLS is used to examine the statistical and substantive significance of five factors by employing SmartPLS 3.2.6. Findings This study concludes that the HPO framework has predictive relevance for public organizations’ performance surveyed in this study. Furthermore, three out of the five factors of HPO framework, namely, management quality, workforce quality and long-term orientation have positive relationships, while openness and action orientation (OAO), and continuous improvement process and renewal have a negative relationship with the performance of public sector organizations (PSOs) surveyed in Pakistan. Research limitations/implications The study’s small sample size limits this research, and only quantitative methodology is applied. A significant limitation of this research is that this study relied on a subset of respondents of surveyed organizations and may not representative of the population. Therefore, result should be carefully interpreted as some degree of biasness may be present. Furthermore, findings of the study cannot be generalized to all PSOs of Pakistan. Practical implications The implication for public managers is that the HPO framework has predictive relevance and substantive significance. However, the ideal value of HPO framework will occur when leadership considers HPO factors and struggles persistently to improve performance. The useful implication is that public managers should focus on continuous improvement process and renewal and OAO to meet stakeholders’ satisfaction. Originality/value This study answer two questions, first “is there any significant relationship of five factors of HPO framework with public organizations’ Performance in Pakistan?” and second “what is the predictive relevance level of HPO framework in the Public organizations in Pakistan?” The answers to these research questions will fill the gaps in the literature by providing empirical evidence to the existing knowledge on improvement methods, especially the public sector (PS), and contributing insights on the real world working of the five factors of HPO framework in a PS.

Organisational culture and enterprise risk management: The Australian not‐for‐profit context

AbstractWith the increasing emphasis on risk management in not‐for‐profit organisations, this study is timely in its examination of risk management practices in the Australian not‐for‐profit sector. Specifically, the study investigates the relation between not‐for‐profits’ organisational culture and the maturity of enterprise risk management (ERM) practices. The results show that the organisational culture factors of Outcome Orientation (valuing achievements and results) and Innovation (valuing receptivity and adaptability to change) are associated with the maturity of not‐for‐profits’ ERM. This finding demonstrates the important role that organisational culture plays in shaping ERM practices in not‐for‐profit organisations and the crucial role that leaders play in creating and nurturing such a culture within their organisations. The results also have implications for regulatory policy‐making in, and for, the not‐for‐profit sector.

Are locals ready to cross a new frontier in tourism? Factors of experiential P2P orientation in tourism

ABSTRACTThis paper analyses the profile of locals willing to meet tourists in a context of experience interchange peer-to-peer (P2P) and identifies factors that drive such contact in an authentic setting of shared passions. This is a first step in creating the experiential P2P subindustry that academia, innovators and experts/trend-watchers have been waiting for over a decade. The data was collected using the ‘snowball’ sampling technique among locals from Mallorca (Spain). The results indicate that passion (within idle capacity) for the activity is a central factor to take into consideration in experiential P2P activity, together with other personal (self-perception of managerial and other emotional and communication skills) factors. In addition, the expressed disinterest in becoming experiential P2P providers suggests that there are factors of self-image (especially regarding managerial skills and entrepreneurial attitude) that play a decisive role in the democratization of tourism – an unexplored area in tourism literature.

Social Identity and Attitudes toward HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: A Structural Equation Model

This study focuses on the role of social identity and prejudice as causal variables in public attitudes toward pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in a UK sample. In all, 222 participants participated in an experimental vignette study with a 2 × 2 × 2 design with between-participants factors of ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender, and completed measures of attitudes toward gay men, Black Africans, and PrEP. Kruskal–Wallis tests showed significant effects of gender on attitudes toward gay men and Black Africans; of ethnicity on attitudes toward gay men and PrEP; and of religion on attitudes toward gay men. A univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed more positive attitudes toward PrEP when it was presented as benefitting men (vs. women). Structural equation modeling showed that the relationship between the independent variables of gender, ethnicity, and religion and the dependent variable of attitudes toward PrEP was mediated by attitudes toward gay men and Black Africans. Individuals must perceive the principal beneficiaries of PrEP (i.e., gay men and Black Africans) positively to endorse PrEP for these groups, and sexism may reduce public acceptability of PrEP for women. Future research should use representative samples and alternative experimental manipulations, and include strength of social identification as an independent variable.

The Effect of Shipper’s Long-term Orientation on the Voluntary Improvement for SMEs logistics -Focused Causal Relationship on the Logistics Capability, Long-term Orientation and Voluntary Improvement-

본 연구는 물류기업들과 화주기업 간 이루어지는 거래의 전반적인 관계를 물류역량, 장기지향성 및 자발적 개선이라는 구성개 념을 활용하여 구성개념간의 인과적 특성을 분석하였다. 연구모형에서 활용된 측정변수는 물류역량 6개 요인, 장기지향성의 2개요인과 성과요인인 자발적 개선에는 원가개선과 물류서비스 개선을 활용하였다. 분석에 활용된 표본기업은 전체 447개의 기업을 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 분석결과를 요약하면, 물류기업의 역량 중 장기지향성의 세부요인인 원가역량과 물류서비스 역량은 화주기업과의 거래연속성에 유의적인 영향관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 화주기업과의 파트너십 구축에는 원가역량, 시장 대응역량, 물류서비스 역량, 물류차별화 역량, 기업운영역량이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 장기지향성인 세부요인인 거래연속성은 원가개선과 물류서비스 개선에 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났지만 파트너십 구축은 원가개선과 물류서비스 개선에 모두 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 물류기업과 화주기업간 파트너십 구축은 원가역량 및 물류 차별화역량과 결합하여 원가개선과 물류서비스 개선에 있어 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.This study investigated the overall relationship of the transactions made between logistic companies and a shipper and analyzed the characteristics of the causal relationship of constructs, utilizing the constructs, including logistical capabilities, long-term orientation and voluntary improvements. As for the measurement variables utilized in the research models, six factors of logistical capabilities, two factors of long-term orientation, and the performance factors of voluntary improvements, including cost improvement and logistic service improvement were utilized. As for the sample companies utilized in the analysis, this study was conducted with a total of 447 companies. As a result of the analysis, it turned out that the sub-factors of long-term orientation, cost capability and logistic service capability of the logistics companies’capabilities had a significant relationship of impacts on the continuity of transactions with a shipper while cost capability, market response capability, logistic service capability, differentiation capability and business operation capability had impacts on the construction of partnerships with a shipper. The continuity of transactions, a sub-factor of long-term orientation did not have any impacts on cost improvement and logistic service improvement; however, the construction of partnerships had impacts on both cost improvement and logistic service improvement. In addition, as a result of an analysis of the effect of the construction of partnerships, which shows a mediating effect, the construction of partnerships had mediating effects in cost and differentiation capability, cost improvement and logistic service improvement.

The impact of SME internationalization on innovation: The mediating role of market and entrepreneurial orientation

In today's highly competitive global environment, even small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to make product and process innovations in order to outperform the competition and satisfy global customers. Investigating the success factors of innovation performance has become critical for the survival and competitiveness of SMEs. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of the degree of internationalization (DoI) on innovation performance through the mediating factors of market and entrepreneurial orientation in the context of emerging-market SMEs. We tested our model and hypotheses with 235 SMEs in the United Arab Emirates, which is an emerging market. The results obtained from partial least squares estimates indicate that the degree of internationalization positively affects innovation performance and, more importantly, that this relationship is indirect and fully mediated by market and entrepreneurial orientation for SMEs. These results shed light on the mechanism of the effect of DoI on innovation performance in the emerging-market SME context.

Factors affecting breast cancer patients' need for genetic risk information: From information insufficiency to information need.

Information-seeking models typically focus on information-seeking behaviors based on individuals' interest in information, because their current level is perceived to be insufficient. In the context of genetic risk information (GRI), however, information insufficiency is difficult to measure and thus can limit understanding of information behavior in the context of GRI. We propose that an individual's need for information might be a more direct and conceptually clearer alternative to predicting their information-seeking behavior. To test this hypothesis, this study investigates the extent to which previously identified factors affecting interest in GRI are also predictors of need for GRI among women diagnosed with breast cancer at the age of 40 or younger (N=1,069). As hypothesized, there was a positive association between interest in and need for GRI. Furthermore, hypothesized factors of numeracy, information orientation, and genetic knowledge were significant predictors of increased interest in and need for GRI. In contrast, hypothesized factors of genetic worry and genetic causal belief predicted increased interest in GRI only, while genetic self-efficacy predicted increased need for GRI only. As hypothesized, BRCA status significantly moderated associations between informational norm and both interest in and need for GRI. Collectively, the findings support inclusion of need for GRI in theoretical information-seeking models in the context of genomic risk.

ORIENTATIONS AND CRYSTALLINITIES OF DRAWN FIBERS USING TWO BEAM INTERFEROMETRY

In this work, the Pluta interference microscope was used to study the effect of drawing process on the optical, structural, and mechanical properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers. The orientational behavior of drawn PET fibers to different draw ratios was investigated using the calculated values of the refractive indices and the double refraction. Changing the draw ratio resulted in changes in optical parameters, which were used to determine the mechanical factors of orientation. Different orientation functions, such as f2(θ), f4(θ), f6(θ), fa, fc, and fav, were calculated. Molecular reorientation during the cold drawing process can be considered the main reason for the major variations in the properties of PET fibers. It can be concluded that double refraction related to the total overall orientation of the crystalline and amorphous phases. The different crystallinities parameter were measured. the calculated data show that the dawing process has a great effect on the different properties of the fiber. Microinterferograms were utilized to illustrate these variations.

Complex systems of management of marketing activity of meat farming enterprises

The components of marketing management are systematized and definitions of th econcept of marketing management in the Ukrainian and foreign scientific literature are generalized. The components of marketing management at three levels of the organization a structure represented. The components of the marketing management process are presented: the mission of the enter prise; establishment of marketing objectives; collection, analysis and processing ofi nformation for the purpose of analyzing market opportunities (4C: company, context, client, competitors); identification of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats enterprise; development of marketing strategy; realization of marketing strategy; periodic monitoring of marketing efforts and making necessary changes; development of strategic marketing programs for specific situations, assessment of marketing performance and staff motivation. Most marketing professionals consider managing a marketing process at three levels of organizational structure: on a corporate, business unit and functional and core activities –analysis, planning, implementation, and control. The process of marketing management is to implement functions, each of which is a set of analytical and appraisal tasks and strategic, tactical planning. When introducing marketing in to the enterprise management system, it is necessary to ensure the creation of marketing services with such functions as, studying markets, determining the market capacity, identifying buyers requirements for the product, ensuring product competitiveness, organizing product promotion on the market, for ming supply chain for high value added products, the processing of by-products and waste products. In order to ensure the high performance of the marketing unit at the enterprise it is expedient to form close relationships with other management departments and orient the management system to meet the needs of consumers in quality, price and other consumer properties. Features of the environment of functioning of domestic producers of poultry meat characterized by a high level of monopolization, increased uncertainty as factors of the internal and external environment of the supply chain, stable dynamics of growth in production volumes are considered. This situation is conditioned by the peculiarity of meat poultry farming, where the peculiarity of the technological process determines the rapid return on invested capital and the high investment attractiveness of the industry, which resulted in the construction of innovative poultry farms, mostly of a vertically integrated type. It was established that the basis for the creation of specialized divisions in the field of marketing were sales and supply departments, which in previous years functioned at these enter prises and performed a wide range of functions, including analytical ones. The basic requirements, which are presented to the structure of management of marketing activity are systematized: flexibility, efficiency, optimality, efficiency, reliability, stability. The structure of management of marketing activities of thee nterpriseis, in the most general form, the subordination of managerial links between objects and management entities, which characterizes the information communications of units that have hierarchical subordination and are endowed with certa in rights and responsibilities. In order to improve the management process of marketing activities of meat poultry enterprises, the flexible orientation of the final results of their activities to the requirements of consumers, approaches to assess the effectiveness of marketing activities areproposed. Effectiveness of the management process of the enterprise should be conducted on the basis of assessment of the factors of market orientation of the highest level of management of the enterprise, market orientation of staff, the establishment of interaction between staff and senior management, the level of openness of the external environment of the management system.The main factors restraining the management of the company in full implementation of the principles of the modern marketing concept are systematized, namely: a narrow unde rstanding of the essence of marketing, monopolization of the market, the lack of qualified specialists in the field of marketing, lack of financing of marketing activities. Key words: marketing management, marketing activity management system, marketing structure, meat poultry enterprises.

DETERMINAN KINERJA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH PADA PUSAT PERBELANJAAN DI JAKARTA UTARA

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>In 2016 the contribution of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Creative Economy sector to the total national economy was almost eight percent. This explains that the Creative Economy continues to provide significant improvements. One sub-sector contained in the Creative Economy is the contribution of fashion which contributes to eighteen percent or is in the top 3 subsectors of the largest contributor to the Creative Economy sector. This study aims to analyze the determinants of the performance factors of fashion businesses in one of the fashion shopping centers in Jakarta. The number of respondents in this study were 144 people. This research model is a Structural Equation Modeling using SMART PLS 3.0. This study explains that the performance of fashion businesses in one of the fashion shopping centers in Jakarta is influenced by market orientation factors, entrepreneurial orientation, business marketing capabilities. In addition, the business performance is also influenced by market orientation factors and factors of entrepreneurial orientation with entrepreneurial skills as mediation. This research also explains that the ability to market by entrepreneurs is influenced by factors of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation. Dealing with market opportunities and competitor strategies and creating superior strategies such as creating a more attractive boutique layout can be a competitive advantage.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: business performance, market orientation, entrepreneurship, fashion</em></strong></p>

Determinant Factors of Service Orientation for Human Resources of Long Term Care Facility

Determinant Factors of Service Orientation for Human Resources of Long Term Care Facility

Evaluation and Design of Natural Ventilation for Houses in Thailand*

This research paper presents guidelines for evaluation and design of natural ventilation forsuburban houses in Thailand which is a part of building energy code development for residential buildings.The initial studies find that it is possible for natural ventilation to achieve thermal comfort conditions inplace of mechanical air-conditioning systems, especially in winter. The experimental research is dividedinto two parts: environmental arrangement and building opening. By measuring air conditions flowingthrough different generic types of environment, it is found that the best environment is that coveredwith large trees. Computational fluid dynamics studies on generic houses discover that cross ventilationis more effective than two-side ventilation, and is much more effective than one-side ventilation. Ingeneral, increasing the size of openings improves the effectiveness of natural ventilation. However, theoptimum effective opening area in rectangular rooms is found to be 20 percent of functional floor area.The findings from this research lead to the house evaluation method by factors of orientation and sizeof building openings. The method is successfully tested with different types of houses.

Социально-педагогические стереотипы как факторы ориентированности студентов на дисциплинарную или личностную модель взаимодействия с людьми

Социально-педагогические стереотипы как факторы ориентированности студентов на дисциплинарную или личностную модель взаимодействия с людьми

항공사의 시장지향성이 혁신활동과 경영성과에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the market orientation of airlines on the innovation activities and business performance, to identify the factors of market orientation of airlines and to analyze the implications of these factors on innovation activities and management performance. First, it is analyzed that the market orientation of airlines has a significant effect on innovation activities. Among them, customer - oriented has a strong influence on service innovation and organizational innovation. Second, the market orientation of the airline has a significant effect on the management performance. Market orientation has a significant effect on financial performance, but not on non - financial performance. Third, it is analyzed that innovation activities of airline have a significant effect on business performance. It is analyzed that organizational innovation has a significant effect on both financial performance and non - financial performance among innovation activities. On the other hand, service innovation was not found to have any significant effect except for the effect on corporate image of non-financial performance. This study can be an important factor that can lead to superiority in the competition by improving the innovation activity and market performance through the study of the market orientation of the airline, the innovation activity and the management performance. The results of this study are as follows.