Factor Analysis Method Research Articles

Asymmetry of the economic development of the Eurasian Economic Union: analysis and recommendations

The article analyses the asymmetry of the development of the Eurasian Economic Union countries (hereinafter referred to as the EAEU). The objective of the work is to analyse the symmetrical development of countries within the framework of the EAEU and to formulate measures and recommendations for increase of the economic potential of the countries. In order to achieve the purpose, the objective of comparative assessment on the basis of three indicators was set and overcome. The three indicators include gross domestic product per capita, investments per capita and average accrued salary. The corresponding calculations were done for each indicator, and graphs were constructed showing the general state of the economic development. During the study, the methods of factor and system analysis were applied. The initial data for the study were the official sources of the statistical authorities of the EAEU countries, the Interstate Statistical Committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States as well as publications and scientific articles related to this topic. The main problem is the uneven economic development of the EAEU member states which leads to negative consequences for strengthening the integration process. As a result of the study, some measures were proposed to achieve the symmetrical development of the countries within the framework of the EAEU, and recommendations were prepared for the effective development of interaction between the member countries of the integration association. Following the results of this work, a conclusion was formulated on strengthening ties between the countries by focusing on a mixed economy with government regulation, infrastructure development and increased investment activity.

Multi scale evaluation and analysis of international trade objectives of port cities

The analysis of the multi-scale evaluation of port city’s international trade goal is conducive to the sustainable development of port city’s international trade. In order to make a more in-depth study on the realization ability of port city’s international trade sustainable development goal, this paper proposes a new multi-scale evaluation method of port city’s international trade goal. This method selects the evaluation indexes, uses the improved normalization method to process the indexes, uses the combination of AHP and factor analysis method to form the subjective and objective combination weighting method, brings the processed indexes into the least square optimization combination evaluation model, calculates the index weight, and uses the fuzzy evaluation method to carry out multi-scale index evaluation on the international trade of port cities to realize its multi-scale evaluation and analysis. The results show that the standardized index of Shanghai’s foreign trade dependence is 0.0056, indicating its independence in international trade. In the comprehensive evaluation, the evaluation values of Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou are 92.56, 87.89, and 88.45, respectively, which are very close to the actual results, which shows that the accuracy of the evaluation method is high, and provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of international trade in port cities.

Impact of Hill Fires on Dissolved Organic Matter in Watersheds of Karst Areas Based on Three-Dimensional Fluorescence-Parallel Factor Analysis

Hill fires have the potential to influence dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water bodies, yet fewer studies have investigated the effects of hill fires on DOM within watersheds in karst areas. In this study, we employed the three-dimensional fluorescence-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) method to analyze the DOM fluorescence peaks, component compositions, fluorescence indices, and sources within the water body of the Yuanteng River sub-basin, which was impacted by the hill fire, serving as our primary research focus. The results indicate the presence of three primary fluorescent fractions in the water body of the Yuanteng River: C1, resembling humic acid (fulvic acid); C2, consisting of biopolymers and microbial by-products; and C3, containing proteins such as tyrosine and tryptophan. The Yuanteng River exhibited elevated levels of humus-like substances, diminished concentrations of protein-like substances, and demonstrated higher biogenic, freshness, and humification indices compared to unaffected water samples, reflecting the impact of the hill fire. Elevated levels of exogenous humic acid-like inputs into the waters of the Yuanteng River, along with exogenous inputs of DOM, were primarily influenced by stable, high-molecular-weight organic matter. Additionally, agricultural effluent, domestic sewage, and anthropogenic activities contributed to these inputs to a lesser degree. The impacts of endogenous inputs are mainly related to the restoration of ecosystems. The occurrence of hill fires has significantly influenced the composition of dissolved organic matter in the waters of the Yuanteng River. A comprehensive analysis of the impacts of hill fires on dissolved organic matter in water bodies can serve as a valuable reference for characterizing DOM in the water bodies of the Yuanteng River. Furthermore, it can inform strategies for environmental protection, facilitate the traceability of pollutants in water bodies, and contribute to environmental and ecological restoration efforts following hill fires in the region.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN MENJADI INVESTOR BARU SAHAM SYARIAH

This study aims to find out what factors influence the decision to invest and become an investor in Islamic stocks during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a quantitative approach with exploratory factor analysis method. The sampling method used was non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique with 105 samples obtained by distributing questionnaires to respondents who met the research criteria online. The results of this study reveal that there is an anomaly in new Islamic stock investors compared to old investors who tend to avoid investing during the Covid-19 pandemic. There are nine factors that influence the decision to invest and become new investors in Islamic stocks during the Covid-19 pandemic. These factors are technological advances, herding behavior, investment motivation, sharia compliance, risk perception, minimum investment capital, basic investment knowledge, avoiding speculation, and technical analysis factors.

Research on the Effectiveness of Medical Virtual Simulation Teaching Based on the Factor Analysis Method

Medical education is undergoing a transformation, and virtual simulation (VS) laboratory techniques are increasingly being used to train medical students. In this paper, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 191 medical schoolteachers who have used VS to teach, to investigate the effectiveness of the current implementation of VS in higher education. Factor analysis of the research data was carried out, and two common factors were obtained, namely, “organizational and technological readiness” and “teaching effectiveness and content quality” reflecting the two important factors influencing the effectiveness of VS teaching. It analyses the reasons for the low satisfaction of VS teaching in medical colleges (mean score 3.417) and proposes corresponding countermeasures.

An Exploration on the Factors Influencing Exhibitor's Participation Decision in Professional Exhibitions

With the continuous development of the exhibition industry around the world, various professional exhibitions have emerged. Exhibitors are an important component of professional exhibitions, and their participation decisions are a key factor affecting the success of the exhibition. The objective of this study is to reveal the reasons which affect the exhibitor’ s participation decision in professional exhibitions. This exploration uses descriptive statistics and factor analysis methods, and the data collection method is online self-administered questionnaires. This study obtains data by distributing questionnaires at the exhibition site and a sample of 201 valid respondents is achieved. This research explores the possible influencing factors of exhibitors choosing professional exhibitions, extracts the main influencing factors, determines their influence weights, and reveals the main factors that affect the exhibitor' s participation decision. Four influencing factors are extracted through factor analysis, namely “Exhibition”, “Organiser”, “Exhibition venue”, and “Professional visitors & Exhibitors”. The conclusion is that most important influencing factor is “Exhibition”, the situation of the exhibition itself.

Factor analysis method for delay dynamics in Nigerian Tin Can Island Port for sustainable development

The effect of efficient and effective port system on the economy viability of any nation cannot be over emphasis. This study investigated factors that could be termed as delay causative factors in Nigerian ports industry using TIN CAN Island port complex as a case study. A well-structured questionnaire was developed for this research and 72 respondents, who are port users (custom officers, employees, and customers), were asked to rank the variables perceived to be causing delay at the port according to their respective perception of the effect of each factor on delay factors at the port. The validity of the research instrument was done using Cronbach Alpha. There are several factors that were thought to be working together in reducing efficiency in Nigerian ports and these factors were analyzed using factor analysis method. It was discovered from the analysis that Lack of Government Authority, Ullage Constraint, Inadequate Berthing, Logistics Delay, Financial Constraint and Equipment Breakdown are major factors that cause delay at Tin Can Island Port Lagos. These highlighted factors should be paid special attention in order to reduce delay in Tin Can Island port which will in turns lead to more revenue for the country.

Correlation between Scientific and Technological Achievements of Universities and Regional Innovation System in Ensuring Sustainable Economic Development at the Meso Level

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements of universities is of great importance for regional economic development and the development of scientific and technological innovation. Based on three aspects — the input of innovative resources, the output of scientific and technological achievements and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements — this study selected 13 indicators, such as scientific and technical expenditures, the number of scientific and technical personnel, the results of publication activities, intellectual activity, patents, contracts and income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, to build an indicator system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities; at the same time 7 indicators were selected, such as the number of scientific and technological personnel, funding, the number of patents and scientific and technological business-incubators, to build a regional system for assessing scientific and technical potential, a system for assessing regional scientific and technical innovation potential. Based on the factor analysis method, the transformation scores of scientific and technological achievements of universities and regional scientific and technological innovations in each region of China in 2019–2021 were calculated; secondly, using the Coupling coordination degree model, the degree of relationship and coordination between the university system of transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the regional scientific and technological innovation system in different regions of China was calculated. The study showed that the level of scientific and technological achievements is uneven and not high; points of innovative development of Chinese regions have been identified. Thus, the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of universities is a necessary path for the scientific, technological and economic development of regions, when it is necessary to combine the needs of regional development, take measures to strengthen support for scientific and technological personnel, create platforms for sharing resources, and improve policies in the field of intellectual property in order to promote the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, promote regional scientific and technological innovations and develop regional industry.

The effect of cutting depth, feed rate, and cutting angle on surface roughness in the lathe process of aluminum 6061.

In the turning process, the machining parameters have a significant impact on the product quality. Consumers frequently request that certain industries adhere to product quality standards, especially regarding surface texture. Numerous product failures have resulted in dissatisfaction among the company's clientele because many lathe operators are fixated solely on product size drawings and are unaware of factors that can impact the surface roughness value. This investigation was conducted to ascertain how machining parameters affect surface irregularity. Variations in feed rates of 47.5 mm/min and 345.6 mm/min, cutting angles of 60° and 80°, and depths of cut of 1 mm and 3 mm were utilized to conduct the investigation on aluminum alloy 6061 specimens. The results of turning were evaluated for surface roughness using a surface roughness analyzer and a macro test to determine the structure of the surface roughness. Using the Minitab 2019 application, the obtained data was then analyzed to determine the influence of each trimming parameter working individually or simultaneously. Using the method of geometric factorial analysis, integrate the research parameters. The results indicated that the surface roughness increased as the feed rate increased; the lowest surface roughness was achieved with a depth of cut of 1 mm, a feeding rate of 47.5 mm/min, and a cut angle of 80°. In this study, the surface roughness value decreased as the cutting angle increased at lower levels of feeding rate, while the surface roughness value increased at higher levels of feeding rate.

Developing a Health Belief Model Scale for Smoking Behaviour During Pregnancy: Validity and Reliability Study

Objective: The Health Belief Model, which is one of the most frequently used models in explaining health behaviours, reveals the determinants of performing preventive health behaviours. Since our perceptions play an active role in changing a behaviour, a measurement tool is needed to evaluate the pregnant woman perceptually within the scope of HBM. Our study was conducted to analyze the perceptions of pregnant women about quitting smoking by developing a scale within the scope of Health Belief Model and analyze the validity and reliability of the scale within Turkish context. Methods: In the methodological study, which was conducted at the gynecology polyclinic of an university hospital between 15.05.2018 - 30.04.2019, the data were collected by applying a questionnaire to pregnant women who smoked at least one cigarette per day. The sample of the study consists of 289 pregnant women who applied to the clinic for routine pregnancy follow-ups. The content validity of the scale was evaluated by taking the opinions of nine experts in the field of public health nursing. Descriptive and confirmatory factor analysis methods were used in the analysis of the data. Results: 24.6% of the participants are high school graduates, 56.7% are not employed, 49.1% have a history of unplanned pregnancy, and 1% have started smoking during their current pregnancy. Cronbach Alpha values of the sub-dimensions of the scale ranged between .90 and .70, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis fit indices were found as RMSEA = 0.066, CFI = 0.904 and NFI = 0.842. Conclusion: The scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for measuring perceptions of pregnant women about smoking cessation behavior smoking behaviours. It is recommended to use the assessment of perceptions of smoking cessation behavior among pregnant smokers.

Психологические ресурсы служебной лояльности в профилактике дисциплинарных нарушений сотрудниками органов внутренних дел

Introduction. The article deals with the significance of service loyalty as a promising psychological resource that can be used in the prevention of disciplinary violations among employees of internal affairs bodies. Loyalty as a structural component of personal reliability of employees is a significant characteristic of personality of dynamic nature, which enables to ensure its formation and development in professional activity. Research methods. General scientific methods of theoretical analysis, empirical methods, methods of psychological practice (training), psychodiagnostic techniques were used in the research: Questionnaire of J. Meyer and N. Allen “Organisational Commitment Scale”, S.S. Baranskaya's Method of measuring loyalty, V.I. Dominyak's Method “The possibility of realising motives”, L.A. Yasyukova’s test “Legal Consciousness”. Mathematical processing of the results included methods of descriptive, comparative and factor analysis using the statistical package “SPSS Statisticsver. 22.0” with the Mann-Whitney U-criterion. Results. The possibilities of service loyalty as a personal resource for solving the challenges of disciplinary violations among employees of internal affairs bodies were determined. The peculiarities of loyalty of employees having disciplinary sanctions reflecting low level of affective, continued and normative loyalty, work loyalty, assessment of possibilities of realisation of motives were established. The factor structure of loyalty is revealed, where the values of professional activity, loyalty to profession, psychological well-being and social acceptance, work and professional community loyalty, satisfaction with activity and organisational culture are considered the leading ones. The results of psychological training aimed at the formation and development of loyalty were analysed. Statistically reliable, significant shifts (p ≤ 0.05) in the loyalty indicators of employees who participated in the psychocorrectional work were identified, proving the possibility of changing the loyal attitude of employees.

Effect of Choice of Successor on Post Succession Business Survival: Evidence from Small and Medium-Scale Family Enterprises in Osun state, Nigeria

The study examined the effect of the choice of successor on post succession business survival of small and medium-scale family enterprises. The study employed survey research design with the use of primary data obtained from small and medium-scale family enterprises in Osun State, Nigeria, through the instrument of questionnaire. A sample of 150 small and medium-scale enterprises drawn from five LGAs using both purposive and random sampling approach was adopted. The study adopted inferential analytic methods of factor analysis and general linear regression. The t-test statistic, at 0.05 level of significance showed t-value of 11.026, at p =0.000. The study therefore concluded that there is significant relationship between entrepreneurial succession decision (choice of successor) and business survival of small and medium-scale family enterprises, and recommended that succession decision should aim at individuals who possess the characteristics that enable business survival.

An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Internalization and Externalization of Chinese Wushu Tacit Knowledge Transfer

In view of the unclear relationship between internalization and externalization of current martial arts knowledge, and the unclear interaction mechanism, this study firstly analyzes the master-apprentice model of martial arts dissemination, and then uses the questionnaire survey method, factor analysis method and structural equation model method to discuss The relationship between master-apprentice relationship, master’s ability to transmit knowledge, apprentice’s ability to receive knowledge, organizational culture and its characteristics, and the relationship between the tacit degree of martial arts knowledge and the internalization and externalization effects of tacit knowledge transfer, the internalization effect of martial arts tacit knowledge is obtained with influence on externalizing effects. The conclusion is that in the process of Wushu tacit knowledge transfer, the degree of internalization of tacit knowledge has a positive impact on the degree of externalization, and it is also affected by the master’s ability to send knowledge, the apprentice’s ability to accept knowledge, and the transfer environment.

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Inventory Management of listed Companies in Shandong Province

This paper studies the inventory management of 25 listed companies in Shandong Province, and uses the current ratio, return on equity, inventory turnover and other indicators to analyze the inventory management of different industrial companies and the main influencing factors. Throug h descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis and other methods, a linear regression model is constructed to determine the relationship between inventory management and its influencing factors, and suggestions and countermeasures are put forward to provide reference for the improvement of inventory management of listed companies in Shandong P rovince and the balanced long-term development of the industry.

Strategy formulation to support automation and digitalization initiative: A case study of an aerospace component manufacturer in Indonesia

Purpose: Strategy formulation is part of organization design study to evaluate decision thoroughly, then enable organization to achieve company goal. This study aims to formulate strategy of automation and digitalization for PT XYZ, to be ready for welcoming future growth of demand by maintain competitive cost within the same industry. Method: The study collects primary data from focus group discussion with selected participant of PT XYZ, located in Bandung, Indonesia, with participant selection based on information rich person reference. Data collection and analysis utilize qualitative and quantitative approach, and utilize three steps of strategy formulation (input stage, matching stage and decision stage). Results: Strategy formulation steps as per theory, applicable to finalize strategy to support industry 4.0 transformation at PT XYZ. Focus Group Discussion able to collect organization aspiration, to ensure strategy will align to company objective. Combine steps with latest internal and external factor analysis method, such as PESTLE (Political Economy Social Technological Environment), VRIO (Value Rarity InImitable Organize), Porter Value Chain analysis and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) help broaden the perspective of the participant during discussion. The study resulted eight strategies, which then simplified by data reduction approach to be four. A decision of sequence implementation also agreed during focus group discussion with participants. Contributions: By conducting this study, author expect it will prove the practical implementation of strategy formulation in industry 4.0 transformation for aerospace industry in Indonesia and Asia.

Spatial structure of the temporary variability of the Arctic seas surface temperature

Interannual oscillations in the surface temperature of the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic with the southern boundary (instead “border”) at latitude 55° 25′ N between 1949 and 2007 are investigated based on the MPIOM (Max Planck Institute Ocean Model) solution. It is a free surface ocean model based on primitive equations in the Boussinesq and incompressibility approximations. High-resolution spectra were estimated via fast Fourier transform with a maximum resolution (Welch’s method). Factor analysis method, which makes it possible to identify areas with highly correlated oscillations and reduce the study of the characteristics in question to their analysis in local points, is used to minimize the significant amount of the initial information about monthly average sea surface temperature fields. Аnalysis of the main factors made it possible to identify 10 areas with quasi-synchronous variability of temperature anomalies by including the points correlated with relevant factors with correlation exceeding 0.6. Spectral structure compliance classification revealed that the areas of the Chukchi Sea, the Hudson Bay, the Irminger Sea, and the Labrador Sea have oscillation peak similarities for the periods of 5–6 years and 8–9 years. Central and western areas of the Norwegian Sea, the area affected by the North Atlantic Current, the eastern part of the Norwegian Sea, and some areas of the Kara Sea have similar spectral structure defined by the peaks at the 11-year and 6-year periods. The Baffin Bay with two main peaks at the 16-year and 5–6-year periods, and the central and the western parts of the Barents Sea, where oscillations are similar to the ones in the Chukchi Sea at short periods, and to the ones in the south-eastern part of the Barents Sea and in the eastern part of the Norwegian Sea at 7–8-year periods, stand out significantly. In some cases, spectrum peaks in different areas appear shifted and attenuated, so presumably the frequency characteristics of the temperature signal change as it moves across the water area.

Quality Evaluation Methods of College English Teaching Reform Based on Artificial Neural Network

This paper aims to enhance the effectiveness of intelligent evaluation in college English teaching and explore the role of artificial neural networks in evaluating college English teaching reform. A research study is conducted to develop an intelligent evaluation model by refining algorithm models and utilizing comparative research methods to address limitations of traditional algorithms. The neural network algorithms are improved through model construction techniques, with practical effectiveness assessed through simulation training methods. The algorithm model is applied to assess teaching quality in universities, with experimental research integrating questionnaire surveys and simulation data processing methods. The feasibility of the approach is verified through data evaluation. Simulation analysis demonstrates that the enhanced neural network algorithm reduces running time and enhances accuracy compared to traditional evaluation algorithms. Experimental studies indicate that employing artificial neural networks for evaluating the quality of college English teaching reform yields positive outcomes, aiding students and teachers in understanding their situations within mobile computing environments. This study confirms that combining a neural network model with data survey methods effectively meets the requirements of contemporary efficient teaching quality evaluation. The innovative integration of intelligent algorithms, factor analysis, surveys, and statistical methods enhances the progressive nature of teaching quality evaluation.

A Study of the Spatial–Temporal Development Patterns and Influencing Factors of China’s National Archaeological Site Parks

National Archaeological Site Parks are strategic projects in China for innovatively exploring the scientific protection and rational utilization of large heritage sites for the purpose of balancing urban development and protecting cultural heritage. Therefore, research on the spatial–temporal evolution and influencing factors of National Archaeological Site Parks can improve and optimize their management and pattern systems and is therefore of great significance for the sustainable development of large sites and their surrounding areas. Targeting the 135 National Archaeological Site Parks of China, this paper adopts the nearest-neighbor index analytical method, the kernel density estimation method, the standard deviation ellipse method, the method of constructing an indicator system, and an SPSS factor analysis method to analyze the spatial–temporal evolution and influencing factors of these parks. The findings are as follows: (1) In terms of the temporal evolution, the number of National Archaeological Site Parks increased from 2010 to 2022, and the ages and types of the large heritage sites they are built upon gradually became more balanced and diverse. (2) In terms of the spatial evolution, National Archaeological Site Parks form two high-density areas in Central China and East China. Their overall distribution is consistent with China’s “Hu Line”. (3) In terms of spatial–temporal evolution, the center of gravity of National Archaeological Site Parks’ distribution is advancing toward Southwest China, and the trend of a more balanced distribution is rising. (4) Finally, regional development, heritage tourism, historical resources, and government support were observed to be factors that affect the spatial–temporal patterns of the National Archaeological Site Parks. Based on these findings, we propose specific strategies for coordinating and linking the above four major influencing factors to promote the rational utilization of large heritage sites and the sustainable development of National Archaeological Site Parks. We aim to improve and optimize the management and pattern systems of National Archaeological Site Parks, to promote urban renewal based on large heritage sites, and to provide valuable insights for policy makers and heritage practitioners in other countries with historical resources around the world.

Personal determinants of extreme phenomena mental positioning

Relevance.The relevance of the study is justified by the demand to identify personal determinants of individual perception of extreme manifestations in order to improve the efficiency of response.The objectiveis to establish the determining parameters based on a set of psychological characteristics, reflecting the subject’s mental positioning in the security setting of what they consider major extreme phenomena.Methods.The respondents included 112 students aged 19 to 21 years studying in Moscow and regional universities. Research methods included associative experiment, individual scaling, and HEXACO-PI-R-60 questionnaire testing. Empirical data was processed by calculation of mean values, percentage distribution, ranking, as well as methods of correlation, factor and regression analysis, and the Pearson’s chi-squared test.Results and analysis.From the individual perspective, extreme scenarios are associated with specific phenomena that differ in stereotyping and objectivity (danger, threat, risk/riskiness, complexity, fear, strangeness, extreme, catastrophe, extreme, horror/ awful, threshold, implausibility, maximalism / maximality, ingenuity, extraordinary, murder, excessive demand, fire, flood, cold, accident, snowfall, heat). Considering the differences in the assessments on danger/safety scale, the structure of extreme phenomena includes such components as “catastrophe”, “emergency”, “threat”, and “risk”. The respondents’ mind positions the structural components of extreme scenarios by the degree of danger/safety, thus producing the following sequence: disaster – threat – emergency – risk, ranging them from “highly dangerous and unsafe” to “safe”. Individual characteristics of high reliability level contribute differently to individual assessment of the structural components constituting extreme phenomena in terms of the degree of danger/safety. Regression models were used to analyze the students’ danger/safety assessment of the structural components based on particular personality traits. The result showed that emotions, awareness, and preparedness to acquire experience contributed most significantly to the assessment of extreme phenomena in terms of danger/safety.Conclusion.It is well known, that emotions play a key role in an individual’s ability to assess the level of danger/safety with regard to various extreme phenomena. This evidence makes it a critical imperative to develop individual emotional self-regulation abilities. In particular, nurturing the necessary ability in the promising representatives of extreme professions requires specific focus.

Legal Regulation Risks and Insights Related to Cross-Border Flow of Data

The primary objective of this research is to ensure the secure and compliant transmission of personal information from China. To this end, the Chinese government has implemented the "Standard Contract Measures for the Export of Personal Information." This study employs both literature review and factor analysis methods to meticulously examine the potential risks in the practical implementation of these measures, and further suggests strategies to address the current challenges. Additionally, the study introduces foreign systems for reference, aiming to guide Chinese enterprises in circumventing legal risks associated with cross-border data flows and ensuring the security and compliance of personal information departing from the country. The findings of this research reveal that the existing legal framework for cross-border data flows in China has certain shortcomings, providing valuable insights for the improvement of China's legal framework and related regulatory systems. Furthermore, it offers practical cautionary value for Chinese enterprises in their operations.