Mental Health Factors Research Articles

Facebook addiction and its impact on depression: a cross sectional study

AimFacebook has become a part of daily life for its users and therefore become a very significant factor of mental health. As the number of Facebook users increases exponentially, the problems related to immense use have become more evident and more frequent. Therefore, the study aimed to explore the impact of Facebook addiction on depression among its users.MethodsAn online-based questionnaire was used to collect data from 269 Facebook users of Bangladesh using convenient sampling technique. Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale was used to assess Facebook addiction and its impact on depression.Ordinal logistic was used to extract the significant variables associated with Facebook addiction and depression.ResultsThe result categorized the Facebook users into three categories as : normal (17%), problematic user (52%) and addicted (30.5%). Facebook users were suffering from mild (13.4%), minimal (15.6%), moderate (59.5%), and severe (11.5%) level of depression. Both Facebook addiction and depression were moderately correlated (0.701). Ordinal regression showed, gender \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$(\\beta$$\\end{document} (95% CI) = 0.859 (0.223,1.495)), age (\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\beta$$\\end{document} (95% CI) = -2.051(-3.789, -0.313)), residential area (\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\beta$$\\end{document} (95% CI) = -0.858(-1.626, -0.09)), occupation (\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\beta \\left(95\ ext{\\%} \ ext{C}\ ext{I}\\right)=-0.494(-\ ext{1.547,0.559})$$\\end{document}), time length of Facebook use (\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\beta \\left(95\ ext{\\%} \ ext{C}\ ext{I}\\right)=2.288\\left(\ ext{0.324,2.251}\\right))$$\\end{document}are the significant predictors of Facebook addiction. Wheras, relationship types and occupation are also responsible for depression.ConclusionThe study showed large portion of facebook users of Bangladesh are suffering from depression. Authors suggest to arrange mental health campaign to promote bounded and legitimate use of facebook and therefore will accelerate the attaining rate of sustainable development goal related to the Bangladesh’s health status.

Feasibility of continuous smart health monitoring in pregnant population: A mixed-method approach.

The utilization of smart monitoring technology offers potential for enhancing health outcomes, yet its feasibility and acceptance among Hispanic pregnant individuals remain uncertain. This is particularly crucial to investigate within the context of apparently healthy individuals identified as low risk, who still face a 10% likelihood of complications. Given their frequent underrepresentation in healthcare services and relative lack of attention, improving the feasibility of remote monitoring in this population could yield significant benefits. To address this gap, our study aimed to adapt and evaluate the practicality of a smart monitoring platform among healthy Hispanic pregnant women during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, as well as one week following childbirth, a period when complications often arise. This longitudinal study followed n = 16 participants for an average of 17 weeks. Participants were instructed to wear the Oura ring for objective data collection, including activity, sleep, and heart rate, and to complete survey questions through REDcap to assess mental health and lifestyle factors. The study framework utilized the RE-AIM approach, with acceptability and adherence as key components of the feasibility evaluation. Our findings revealed that completion rates for biweekly and monthly surveys remained consistently high until after childbirth (approximately 80%), while daily question completion remained above 80% until 38th week of gestation, declining thereafter. The wearing rate of the Oura ring remained consistently above 80% until the 35th gestational week, decreasing to around 31% postpartum. Participants cited barriers to wearing the ring during the postpartum period, including difficulties managing the newborn, forgetfulness, and concerns about scratching the baby's skin. The enrollment rate was 71.42%, with an attrition rate of 6.25%. Thematic analysis of one-on-one interviews identified three main themes: personal desire for health improvement, social acceptability and support, and conditions influencing device/platform efficiency. In conclusion, while adherence varied based on gestational week and survey frequency, the study demonstrated strong acceptability of the smart monitoring platform among the study population, indicated by the high enrollment rate. Qualitative insights underscored the significance of personal motivation, social support, and device/platform efficiency in enhancing patient engagement with digital health monitoring during pregnancy, offering valuable considerations for future healthcare interventions in this domain.

Work addiction and social functioning: A systematic review and five meta-analyses.

As theoretical models suggest, work addiction has several adverse correlates and consequences, such as unfavorable personality traits, physical and psychological symptoms, and social conflicts. Both early and recent concepts emphasize that individuals with work addiction have more problematic social life due to obsessive overwork. This includes negative impacts on family, workplace, and other relationships. The present study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze all the empirical studies that examined the association between work addiction and any dimension of social life, as such an analysis has never been conducted before. Studies published from 1995 to 2022 were identified through a systematic search. 102 eligible studies were included in the review, with 75 studies contributing to five different meta-analyses. The results indicated significant associations between work addiction and: (1) lower work-life balance, (2) reduced social functioning, and increased difficulties in (3) family relationships, (4) intimate relationships, and (5) relationships with the community, friends, and colleagues. The associations were found to be independent of gender and age. The meta-analytic study highlights research gaps in the field and suggests future directions, including exploring attachment styles and early social relationships in work addiction, investigating the association between social and emotional competencies and work addiction, examining the role of escape motivation, and exploring the characteristics of the partners (spouses) of workaholics. Since the quality of social relationships and social support are crucial factors in physical and mental health, the prevention and intervention of work addiction should be prioritized in organizational and clinical settings.

Nutrition Education in Psychiatry Residency Programs: A Call to Action

The burden of disease attributable to mental health is expected to rise in the coming decades. Poor nutritional status is considered a modifiable risk factor for general mental health. In fact, nutrition interventions are now accepted as a core strategy in mental healthcare to combat physical health inequalities and life-expectancy gap in people with certain psychiatric disorders. However, most psychiatrists are not familiar with evidence for the potential therapeutic benefits of diet in psychiatric illness, and this may be related to sparse nutrition education for physicians. Thus, there is a need to integrate nutritional management in psychiatric practice, but there is a gap in medical education that would support this practice. Here, we discuss evidence for and challenges in 1) assessing diet quality in psychiatric illness, 2) recommending improvements in diet quality and specific dietary patterns in psychiatric illness, and 3) recommending dietary supplements in psychiatric illness. This discussion serves as a call to develop nutrition curricula within psychiatry residency programs.

Exploring associations between eating habits, gastrointestinal health and perceived stress and anxiety symptoms in adults

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are becoming increasingly common in young people in India and globally (1). Diet (eating habits, nutrient intake, and dietary diversity) and mental health (stress and anxiety levels) factors can independently and synergistically regulate gut health through dietary modulation of gut microbiota composition and gut-brain axis-related mechanistic pathways (2-3). However, few studies have investigated the associations between diet, mental health, and GI-related disturbances. Hence, this observational study was conducted to explore the possible effects of eating behaviors and stress and anxiety symptoms on self-reported measures of gastrointestinal health among 18-45-year-old adults in India.A purposive cluster sampling method guided the recruitment of participants (n=407). Two non- consecutive day 24-hour diet recalls were conducted to estimate nutrient intakes and calculate Individual Diet Diversity (IDD) and Food Variety Scores (FVS). Gastrointestinal health was assessed using a validated instrument comprising 35 items related to gastric, small intestine, and colon function, and GI inflammation. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10 scores 0 to 40 with higher scores representing higher levels of stress), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7 scores >5 (mild), >10 (moderate), and >15 (severe)) were used to evaluate perceived stress and anxiety (4-5). Socioeconomic status and eating habits were self-reported and the anthropometry measurements were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometry measurements, eating habits, and stress and anxiety levels as independent (predictor) variables, and composite gastrointestinal health risk scores as the dependent variables.Participants reported mild anxiety (mean (M) = 7.09, standard deviation (SD)= 3.25) and moderate stress (M=18.44; SD= 9.89) with preponderance among females, higher age groups (> 35 years), and lower socioeconomic status. Overall, 38.8% and 45.3% were at high-risk score categories for gastric function and GI inflammation respectively. Higher energy and fat consumption, frequent breakfast skipping, and lower IDDS and FVS scores were associated with higher scores for stress and anxiety. Moreover, participants having moderate to severe anxiety reported a higher frequency of GI symptoms such as indigestion (M= 3.23 SD= 2.1-4.6, p= 0.023), excessive belching (M= 2.36 SD =1.21, p=0.043), and post-meal lower abdominal discomfort and cramps (M= 3.07, SD = 2.22, p < 0.001) as compared to those having nominal/mild anxiety. Age-adjusted regression models showed higher waist circumference (OR= 4.69, 95% CI =1.33- 7.28, p= 0.034), and stress scores (OR= 1.66, 95% CI= 1.32-1.90, p = 0.042), lower IDDS (OR= 2.34, 95% CI=1.80- 2.91, p <0.001) and presence of > 2 co-morbid conditions (OR= 8.12, 95% CI = 5.34- 11.21, p < 0.001) as predictors of higher GI disorder risk scores.The preliminary findings of the study highlight associations between diet, stress, and GI health, presenting opportunities to modulate diet and optimize mental health to prevent and reduce the severity of GI disorders.

Defining a vitamin A5/X specific deficiency - vitamin A5/X as a critical dietary factor for mental health.

A healthy and balanced diet is an important factor to assure a good functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system. Retinoid X receptor (RXR)-mediated signaling was identified as an important mechanism of transmitting major diet-dependent physiological and nutritional signaling such as the control of myelination and dopamine signalling. Recently, vitamin A5/X, mainly present in vegetables as provitamin A5/X, was identified as a new concept of a vitamin which functions as the nutritional precursor for enabling RXR-mediated signaling. The active form of vitamin A5/X, 9-cis-13,14-dehydroretinoic acid (9CDHRA), induces RXR-activation, thereby acting as the central switch for enabling various heterodimer-RXR-signaling cascades involving various partner heterodimers like the fatty acid and eicosanoid receptors/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), the cholesterol receptors/liver X receptors (LXRs), the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and the vitamin A(1) receptors/retinoic acid receptors (RARs). Thus, nutritional supply of vitamin A5/X might be a general nutritional-dependent switch for enabling this large cascade of hormonal signaling pathways and thus appears important to guarantee an overall organism homeostasis. RXR-mediated signaling was shown to be dependent on vitamin A5/X with direct effects for beneficial physiological and neuro-protective functions mediated systemically or directly in the brain. In summary, through control of dopamine signaling, amyloid β-clearance, neuro-protection and neuro-inflammation, the vitamin A5/X - RXR - RAR - vitamin A(1)-signaling might be "one of" or even "the" critical factor(s) necessary for good mental health, healthy brain aging, as well as for preventing drug addiction and prevention of a large array of nervous system diseases. Likewise, vitamin A5/X - RXR - non-RAR-dependent signaling relevant for myelination/re-myelination and phagocytosis/brain cleanup will contribute to such regulations too. In this review we discuss the basic scientific background, logical connections and nutritional/pharmacological expert recommendations for the nervous system especially considering the ageing brain.

Diet Quality and Resilience through Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the WELL for Life Study.

Despite evidence suggesting the importance of psychological resilience for successful aging, little is known about the relationship between diet quality and resilience at different ages. Our study aims to examine the association between diet quality and resilience across the stages of adulthood. Using Stanfords' WELL for Life (WELL) survey data, we conducted a cross-sectional study of diet quality, resilience, sociodemographic, perceived stress, lifestyle, and mental health factors among 6171 Bay Area adults. Diet quality was measured by the WELL Diet Score, which ranges from 0-120. A higher score indicates a better diet quality. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the WELL Diet Score and overall resilience and within the following age groups: early young (18-24), late young (25-34), middle (35-49), and late adulthood (≥50). To test whether these associations varied by age groups, an age group by resilience interaction term was also examined. In the fully adjusted model, the WELL Diet Score was positively and significantly associated with overall resilience (all ages (β = 1.2 ± sd: 0.2, p < 0.001)) and within each age group (early young (β = 1.1 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001); late young (β = 1.2 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001); middle (β = 0.9 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001); and late adulthood (β = 1.0 ± sd: 0.3, p < 0.001)). Young adults demonstrated the strongest associations between diet quality and resilience. However, there were no significant age-by-resilience interactions. Diet quality may be positively associated with resilience at all stages of adulthood. Further research is needed to determine whether assessing and addressing resilience could inform the development of more effective dietary interventions, particularly in young adults.

How Does Masculinity Play a Protective Role for Gay Men? The Mediation Effect of Mindfulness Between Gender Role and Mental Distress

Masculinity is validated as a protective factor in mental health for gay population. However, potential mediators between masculinity and mental health remain unclear. Mindfulness, as one of the individual’s traits has been proved to play an essential role on mental health. Yet the correlation between mindfulness and masculinity has barely been examined, and whether mindfulness could serve as a key mediator to explain the protective effect masculinity bringing to mental health for gay men remains unknown. To test this hypothesis, we recruited 210 gay men in China to conduct online questionnaires containing scales of FFMQ, BSRI, DASS-21 and demographic features. Based on mediation analysis, we found among gay men, mindfulness significantly mediates the negative relationship between masculinity and stress (SIE (standardized indirect effect) = −.20, 95% CI [–.28 −.11]), anxiety (SIE = −.17, 95% CI [–.26 −.09]) and depression (SIE = −.20, 95% CI [–.29 −.11]). Furthermore, by decomposing sub-dimensions of mindfulness, we found both “describing” and “acting with awareness” exhibit significant mediation effects between masculinity and mental distress. We further found “being analytical”, one key sub-dimension of masculinity, positively correlates with mindful describing (r = .369, p < .001). Our results indicate that trait mindfulness serves as a core mediator between masculinity and mental health, the key trait in masculinity (being analytical) closely connects with the essential element of mindfulness (describing) and low in masculinity might undermine gay men’s abilities of acting with awareness (staying focused). Our findings may also shed light on developing gay men-aimed mindfulness-based clinical interventions.

Predicting longitudinal changes in patterns of tobacco and nicotine product use among adolescents: A Latent Transition Analysis based on the X:IT study

IntroductionUnderstanding factors influencing the transition from non-use to tobacco and nicotine product initiation among adolescents is crucial for designing and implementing effective preventive strategies. This study explores transition patterns among 13–15-year-old adolescents in lower secondary school, focusing on the transition from non-use to tobacco and nicotine product initiation and the influence of individual, social, risk behavioral, and mental health factors on this transition. MethodsBased on data from a Danish smoking prevention trial between 2017 and 2019, this study employed questionnaire surveys at three time points: baseline (start of seventh grade, n = 1,990, response rate = 86.3%), eight-month follow-up (end of seventh grade, n = 1,666, response rate = 74,8%), and 20-month follow-up (end of eighth grade, n = 1,149, response rate = 70,6%). Tobacco and nicotine use indicators included current and lifetime use of cigarettes and lifetime use of e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and hookah. A latent transition analysis was applied to identify longitudinal transition patterns across waves and to explore predictors of these patterns. ResultsThree user classes emerged across all waves: none-use, lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use, and poly-tobacco use. While the most prevalent class was the non-user class (71%–86%), the proportion of the lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette class increased over time (from 12% to 17%). Similarly, the poly-tobacco user class increased from 2% to 12%. The probability of transitioning from non-use to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use increased from 0.5% at baseline to 12% by the second follow-up, while the probability of transitioning from lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use remained stable over time (12%–15%). Across all waves, elevated risk behavior predicted this transition. For instance, binge-drinking (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.51–9.34), susceptibility to smoking (OR = 7.63, 95% CI: 3.68–16.83), and truancy (OR = 7.00, 95% CI: 1.98–24.59) influenced the transition from non-use at baseline to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use at first follow-up. Additionally, boys, adolescents with low socioeconomic status, low life satisfaction, and those with smoking friends or parents were more likely to transition from non-use to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use. ConclusionThis study demonstrates that sociodemographic, social risk, behavioral, and mental health factors impact the transition from non-use to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use. The findings provide valuable insights for developing targeted preventive strategies focusing on these influencing factors.

Substance use and mental health factors associated with self-reported higher risk cannabis use among people with HIV screened in primary care.

While cannabis use is prevalent among people with HIV (PWH), factors associated with higher-risk use require further study. We examined factors associated with indicators risk for cannabis use disorder (CUD) among PWH who used cannabis. Participants included adult (≥18 years old) PWH from 3 HIV primary care clinics in Kaiser Permanente Northern California who reported past three-month cannabis use through the computerized Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription medication, and other Substance use (TAPS) screening. Primary outcome was TAPS cannabis score (range 1-3), categorized as any use (1) and higher risk for CUD (≥2). Measures included sociodemographics (age, sex, race, neighborhood deprivation index [NDI]), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), HIV RNA, CD4 cell counts, higher risk tobacco use (TAPS tobacco score≥2), depression, and anxiety symptoms. Unadjusted and multivariable logistic regression examined factors associated with higher risk for CUD. Of the complete sample (N=978; 94.1% Male; 58.3% White; Age Mode=51-60), 35.8% reported higher risk for CUD. Unadjusted models indicated younger age, Black race, higher CCI, depression, anxiety, and higher risk tobacco use were associated with higher risk, while only Black race (OR=1.84, 95% CI[1.29, 2.63]), anxiety (OR=1.91, 95% CI[1.22, 2.98]), and higher risk tobacco use (OR=2.27, 95% CI[1.47, 3.51]) remained significant in the multivariable model. Black race, anxiety and tobacco use, but not HIV clinical markers, were associated with higher risk for CUD among PWH. Clinical efforts to screen and provide interventions for preventing CUD alongside anxiety and tobacco use among PWH should be evaluated.

Surgeon Prioritization of Mental, Social, and Pathophysiological Aspects of Health Among People With Traumatic and Nontraumatic Musculoskeletal Conditions.

There is mounting evidence that, among musculoskeletal patients, variation in capability has more notable associations with variations in mental and social health factors than with variation in pathophysiology severity. This study sought factors that could limit the integration of this evidence into more comprehensive care models. In two scenario-based experiments, surgeon participants in an international collaborative, the Science of Variation Group, reviewed scenarios of (a) nontraumatic (83 participants) and (b) trauma-related (130 participants) pathophysiologies for which tests and treatments were discretionary. The following demographic, mental, and social health elements were varied randomly: sex, age, race/ethnicity, mindsets, social health aspects, and specific pathophysiologies. For each scenario, participants rated their likelihood to offer surgery (continuous) and their sense of presence of an opportunity to address better mental or social health in treatment (yes or no). Factors associated with each rating were sought in multivariable analysis. Greater likelihood to offer discretionary surgery for nontraumatic pathophysiologies was associated with greater pathophysiology severity, trapeziometacarpal arthritis, and greater distress and unhelpful thoughts regarding symptoms. Lateral elbow enthesopathy was associated with a lower likelihood. For trauma-related pathophysiologies, an ankle fracture with slight articular subluxation was associated with greater likelihood to offer surgery, and several other trauma-related pathophysiologies were associated with a lower likelihood. For both nontraumatic and trauma-related pathophysiologies, surgeons noticed unhelpful thinking, distress, and social issues as reasons to consider addressing mental and social health in treatment, relatively independent of pathophysiology. Surgeons seem to recognize opportunities to address mental and social needs but ultimately base their decision to offer discretionary surgery on pathophysiological factors. Comprehensive, whole-person care for musculoskeletal illness might be supported by strategies for ensuring that aspects of stress and distress that contribute to greater symptom intensity are not misinterpreted as a reflection of greater pathophysiology severity.

Metacognitive accuracy differences in Parkinson's disease and REM sleep behavioral disorder relative to healthy controls.

Metacognition is the ability to monitor and self-assess cognitive performance. It can be impaired in neurodegenerative diseases, with implications for daily function, and the ability of patients to reliably report their symptoms to health professionals. However, metacognition has not been systematically assessed in early-mid stage Parkinson's disease (PD) and REM sleep behavioral disorder (RBD), a prodrome of PD. This study aimed to evaluate metacognitive accuracy and self-confidence in PD and RBD patients across various cognitive tasks. We conducted detailed computerized cognitive assessments with 19 cognitive tasks within an established PD and RBD cohort. Participants self-rated their performance post-task. Metacognitive accuracy was calculated by comparing these ratings against objective performance and further analyzed against clinical and mental health factors. PD and RBD patients' metacognitive accuracy aligned with control subjects. However, they exhibited lower confidence across cognitive domains, reflecting their reduced cognitive performance. A notable inverse correlation was observed between their confidence and MDS-UPDRS I and II scales and HADS anxiety and depression scores. Our findings indicate that patients with early to mid-stage PD and RBD are generally aware of their cognitive status, differing from other neurological disorders. The inverse relationship between patient confidence and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and daily life challenges underscores the impact of emotional and functional difficulties on their self-perception of cognitive abilities. This insight could be significant for understanding how these conditions affect mental health, aiding clinicians in developing more effective patient care strategies.

A Study of Influence of Yoga on the Mental Health of Adolescents

Mental health refers to an individual’s overlall adjustment in behaviour which is socially desirable to achieve a maximum of satisfaction and happiness, enabling ability to face and deal with the daily life situations effectively. The present research paper explored to comparative study the level of mental health among adolescents who are routinely performing Yoga. The present study consisted sample of 120 subjects divided in two groups (Boys and Girls), each group has 60 subjects, considered for six different parameters. These all subjects came from class IX from four local english medium schools. No group was further subdivided. Mental Health Battery (ISBN 93-87452-59-X) authered by Dr. Arun Kumar Singh &amp; Dr Alpana Sen Gupta of National Psychological Corporation, Agra, was used as tool for the assessment of mental health. For statistical analysis and hypothesis testing, mean score and t-test were applied. The findings show that there was no significant difference in the influence on the mental health of adolescent of both sexes. On the basis of the findings in the presented study, it may be concluded that in adolescents who were performing Yoga routinely, gender has no influential factor in mental health.

State of the Art on Suicide Studies in Morocco: Trends, Risk Factors and Implications for Prevention

Suicide remains a pressing public health concern in Morocco, yet the research landscape surrounding this issue is relatively sparse. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive review of 96 articles about suicide in Morocco, sourced from the Scopus database. Focusing on the period from 2014 to 2023, 68 articles were selected for detailed analysis, revealing critical insights into the multifaceted nature of suicidal behavior in the country. Through a thematic categorization of the literature, encompassing domains such as Suicidal Behavior and Mental Health, Epidemiology and Risk Factors, Psychological Disorders, Suicide Prevention, Medical Emergencies, and Methodology and Technology, our review synthesized vital findings and trends in Moroccan suicide research. Notably, the analysis illuminated concerning patterns of suicidal behavior and identified significant risk factors, including mental health disorders, psychosocial stressors, and socio-economic challenges. In light of these findings, urgent attention is warranted to develop and implement targeted prevention strategies tailored to the unique needs of the Moroccan population to mitigate the impact of suicide on individuals, families, and communities alike.

Social and Mental Health Factors Associated with Sexual Satisfaction Among Older Gay Men.

The internalization of ageist stereotypes or messages based on the framework of an aging gay man is known as internalized gay ageism. Internalized gay ageism may influence an older gay man's sexual satisfaction. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between internalized gay ageism and sexual satisfaction and determine if body image was a potential mediator. A cross-sectional online survey collected data on sexual satisfaction and other variables related to sexual health and well-being among older gay men. Inclusion criteria included: aged 50 or older, identified as gay, identified as male, assigned male at birth, and resided in the Midwestern region of the United States. Descriptive, bivariate, and mediation analyses were conducted. A complete mediation effect was found between internalized gay ageism and sexual satisfaction when mediated by body image. Older gay men who were in open relationships were more sexually satisfied than single/widowed older gay men. Future research should continue to explore internalized gay ageism, relationship status, body image, and sexual satisfaction among older gay men.

Do Psychological and Social Factors Correspond with Health Care Utilization?

Background: There is evidence that unhelpful thoughts and distress regarding symptoms are associated with more frequent care utilization. Among people seeing a musculoskeletal specialist in person, we sought relationships between mental and social health factors and the number of 1) self-reported in-person healthcare contacts, 2) remote healthcare contacts, and 3) total healthcare contacts during the 6-week period prior to the visit. Methods: We enrolled 148 adult patients in a cross-sectional study of people visiting a musculoskeletal specialist for a new or return visit. Patients indicated the number of self-reported remote and in-person healthcare contacts, and completed measures of social health, unhelpful thoughts regarding symptoms, general distress, and demographics. Results: Accounting for potential confounding in multivariable analysis, more pre-visit self-reported in-person care episodes were independently associated with more unhelpful thoughts about symptoms [higher score on Negative Pain Thoughts Questionnaire (NPTQ), regression coefficient: 0.05, P &lt; 0.05] and household income between $15000 and $29999 or $30000 and $49999. No factors were associated with the total number of pre-visit remote and in-person care contacts. Conclusion: The observation that patients with greater unhelpful thinking seek out more in-person care episodes for musculoskeletal symptoms supports the concept that comprehensive care strategies attentive to common unhelpful thoughts regarding symptoms could limit resource utilization.

Psychotic-like experiences and associated factors in resident physicians: A Canadian cross-sectional study.

Medical residency training is associated with a range of sociodemographic, lifestyle and mental health factors that may confer higher risk for psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in residents, yet little research has examined this question. Thus, we aimed to document the prevalence and associated factors of PLEs among resident physicians. Physicians enrolled in residency programmes in the Province of Québec, Canada (four universities) were recruited in Fall 2022 via their programme coordinators and social media. They completed an online questionnaire assessing PLEs in the past 3 months (the 15-item Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences), as well as sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and mental health. Analyses included survey weights and gamma regressions. The sample included 502 residents (mean age, 27.6 years; 65.9% women). Only 1.3% (95% CI: 0.5%, 4.0%) of residents met the screening cut-off for psychotic disorder. Factors associated with higher scores for PLEs included racialised minority status (relative difference: +7.5%; 95% CI: +2.2%, +13.2%) and English versus French as preferred language (relative difference: +7.9% 95% CI: +3.1%, +12.9%), as well as each additional point on scales of depression (relative difference: +0.8%; 95% CI: +0.3%, +1.3%) and anxiety (relative difference: +1.3%; 95% CI: +0.8%, +1.7%). In secondary analyses, racialised minority status was associated with persecutory items, but not with other PLEs. Gender, residency programmes and lifestyle variables were not associated with PLEs. This study found low reports of PLEs in a sample of resident physicians. Associations of PLEs with minoritised status may reflect experiences of discrimination.

Differing Within-Household Food Security Statuses Are Associated with Varied Maternal Mental Health Outcomes.

Household food insecurity is not necessarily equally experienced by all household members, with mothers often changing their intake first when food resources are limited. The purpose of this study was to understand the association between maternal mental health and intrahousehold differences in food security statuses. A cross-sectional survey was administered to Virginia mothers with low income (August-October 2021), assessing validated measures of food security, mental and physical health and related factors. Participants (n = 570) were grouped according to the food security status of adults and children within the household. Linear regression was used to assess the outcomes of interest by group and controlled for key demographic variables. Mothers in households with any food insecurity reported worse overall mental health and used 3-4 more food coping strategies than households experiencing food security (p < 0.05). Only mothers in households where adults experienced food insecurity reported significantly greater anxiety and depressive symptoms (61.5 and 58.1, respectively) compared to households experiencing food security (55.7 and 52.4, p < 0.001). While any experience of household food insecurity is associated with worse maternal mental health, there were differences by the within-household food security status. Future research should explore screening measures that capture specific household members' food security to connect households with available resources.

Mediterranean Diet and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Childhood and adolescence are periods of critical importance in the development of mental health disorders. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been linked to multiple positive health outcomes, including reduced incidence of mental health disorders and fewer psychiatric symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to an MD and mental health outcomes in children and adolescents. A systematic literature review was conducted of original research that explored the relationship between psychiatric symptoms or disorders and adherence to an MD. The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDES, Dialnet, and Latindex from inception to November 2022, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies. A total of 13 studies (6 cross-sectional, 4 case-control, 2 randomized clinical trials, and 1 longitudinal cohort) out of 450 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 3058 children or adolescents with a mean age range from 8.6 to 16.2 years were included. Among the reviewed studies, 5 (71.42%) of those looking at attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 4 (80%) examining depression, and 2 (50%) assessing anxiety found a significant protective association. Seven articles (53.84%) were found to be of high quality and 6 (46.15%) of moderate quality. Adherence to an MD could be a protective factor for mental health in child and adolescent populations. This suggests that promoting an MD could help prevent the onset of clinical psychiatric symptoms, reduce symptom severity, and improve prognosis in young patients. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021276316.

The effect of a suspension training on physical fitness, lower extremity biomechanical factors, and occupational health in Navy personnel: a randomized controlled trial

Optimal physical fitness is essential for military personnel to effectively meet their rigorous physical demands. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a suspension training program on physical fitness, biomechanical risk factors for lower extremity injury, mental health, and work-related factors in Navy personnel. A total of 50 young men participated in a randomized controlled trial. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 25): the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group performed an eight-week suspension training session three times per week, while the control group maintained their daily duties. The primary outcome was physical performance. The secondary outcomes were determined biomechanical risk factors for lower extremity injuries, mental health, and work-related factors. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant improvements in physical performance, biomechanical risk for lower extremity injuries, and work-related factors from baseline to follow-up (p ≤ 0.05). However, there was no improvement in mental health. Based on these findings, suspension training positively impacted physical fitness, reduced injury risk, and enhanced the work-related factors of Navy personnel. This study provides new insights for various related experts and military coaches because it is an easy-to-use and feasible method with minimal facilities.