Low Back Pain Factors Research Articles

Magnitude and influencing factors of work-related low back pain among high school teachers in West Arsi zone, Southwest Ethiopia: evidenced from multicentred cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low back pain and its associated factors among high school teachers in the West Arsi zone, Southwest Ethiopia.DesignA school-based cross-sectional study was...

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Malaysia: A Scoping Review.

Data on the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain (LBP) in Malaysia remain unclear as they are currently limited to specific settings and occupational groups. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain in Malaysia. In this scoping review, we had systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar from January 2016 to April 2020. In addition, we had included cross-sectional studies on LBP in Malaysia. Studies without data on the prevalence and risk factors were excluded. The settings, population, design, sample size, evaluation methods, prevalence and risk factors of the studies were summarised. The literature search identified 435 potentially eligible studies; of these, 21 had met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of LBP in Malaysia among various types of the population had ranged from 12.4% to 84.6%. Among the various types of occupation, the prevalence of LBP was the highest among nurses (67.9%), followed by drivers (65.7%). In addition, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), lifting heavy objects, working posture, lifestyle, working hours and mental health were identified as the risk factors of LBP in Malaysia. The current evidence suggests that LBP is a serious health problem among several occupational groups in Malaysia. Therefore, it is crucial to implement the correct interventions for the prevention of LBP among these groups.

MAPK8 and CAPN1 as potential biomarkers of intervertebral disc degeneration overlapping immune infiltration, autophagy, and ceRNA.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the most common health problems in the elderly and a major causative factor in low back pain (LBP). An increasing number of studies have shown that IDD is closely associated with autophagy and immune dysregulation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify autophagy-related biomarkers and gene regulatory networks in IDD and potential therapeutic targets. We obtained the gene expression profiles of IDD by downloading the datasets GSE176205 and GSE167931 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public database. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, gene ontology (GO), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore the biological functions of DEGs. Differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DE-ARGs) were then crossed with the autophagy gene database. The hub genes were screened using the DE-ARGs protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The correlation between the hub genes and immune infiltration and the construction of the gene regulatory network of the hub genes were confirmed. Finally, quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to validate the correlation of hub genes in a rat IDD model. We obtained 636 DEGs enriched in the autophagy pathway. Our analysis revealed 30 DE-ARGs, of which six hub genes (MAPK8, CTSB, PRKCD, SNCA, CAPN1, and EGFR) were identified using the MCODE plugin. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that there was an increased proportion of CD8+ T cells and M0 macrophages in IDD, whereas CD4+ memory T cells, neutrophils, resting dendritic cells, follicular helper T cells, and monocytes were much less abundant. Subsequently, the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed using 15 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 21 microRNAs (miRNAs). In quantitative PCR (qPCR) validation, two hub genes, MAPK8 and CAPN1, were shown to be consistent with the bioinformatic analysis results. Our study identified MAPK8 and CAPN1 as key biomarkers of IDD. These key hub genes may be potential therapeutic targets for IDD.

Hubungan Berkendara Sepeda Motor Terhadap Risiko Terjadinya Nyeri Punggung Bawah

Low back pain is a disorder that occurs in the lower back area due to pinched nerves, muscle tension, herniated nucleus pulposus, disorders of the spine and joints, low back pain can cause discomfort and interfere with one's productivity, there are many factors that affect low back pain such as age, ergonomics when lifting goods, work position, Body Mass Index, riding a motorcycle. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional study design. The research subjects included members of the Bekasi City Association and the people of Pamulang. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test and ordinal regression. The results showed that the risk factors for low back pain had a significant relationship such as age, body mass index, ergonomics, exercise habits, work, and motorcycle driving value p <0.05. Body mass index, which is obtained due to low exercise activity, ergonomic factors when working lifting goods and when driving can trigger the sensation of lower back pain, while risk factors such as smoking habits, gender, years of service have no significant relationship where the value of p> 0.05 , because smoking and years of work are not a very determining factor, as well as gender in this study more men, whereas based on previous research women are more at risk of developing low back pain.

The Prevalence of Low Back Pain Among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia.

Low back pain is a prevalent and debilitating condition that affects a significant proportion of the adult population. Medical students are particularly vulnerable due to the demands of their rigorous curriculum. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among medical students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students and interns at King Faisal University in Saudi Arabia using a convenience sampling technique. An online questionnaire was distributed via social media applications to explore the prevalence and risk factors for low back pain. Out of 300 medical students who participated in the study, 94% reported experiencing low back pain, with a mean pain score of 3.91 ± 2.0 out of 10. The most common factor that aggravated the pain was prolonged sitting. Logistic regression analysis revealed that sitting for more than eight hours(OR=5.61; 95% CI: 2.92-21.42) and not engaging in physical exercise(OR=3.10; 95% CI: 1.34-6.57) were independently associated with a higher prevalence of low back pain. These findings highlight the increased risk of low back pain among medical students due to prolonged sitting and a lack of physical activity. This study provides evidence of the high prevalence of low back pain among medical students and identifies significant risk factors that exacerbate the condition. It emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to promote physical activity, reduce prolonged sitting, manage stress, and encourage good posture among medical students. The implementation of such interventions could help alleviate the burden of low back pain and improve the quality of life for medical students.

Prevalence and associated factors of low back pain among taxi drivers in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among professional taxi drivers.DesignCommunity-based cross-sectional study.Setting and participantsA Modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to collect...

The deubiquitinase USP11 ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis via deubiquitinating and stabilizing Sirt3

Increasing studies have reported that intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the main contributor and independent risk factor for low back pain (LBP), it would be, therefore, enlightening that investigating the exact pathogenesis of IVDD and developing target-specific molecular drugs in the future. Ferroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion, and inactivation of the regulatory core of the antioxidant system (glutathione system) GPX4. The close relationship of oxidative stress and ferroptosis has been studied in various of diseases, but the crosstalk between of oxidative stress and ferroptosis has not been explored in IVDD. At the beginning of the current study, we proved that Sirt3 decreases and ferroptosis occurs after IVDD. Next, we found that knockout of Sirt3 (Sirt3−/−) promoted IVDD and poor pain-related behavioral scores via increasing oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis. The (immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry) IP/MS and co-IP demonstrated that USP11 was identified to stabilize Sirt3 via directly binding to Sirt3 and deubiquitinating Sirt3. Overexpression of USP11 significantly ameliorate oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis, thus relieving IVDD by increasing Sirt3. Moreover, knockout of USP11 in vivo (USP11−/−) resulted in exacerbated IVDD and poor pain-related behavioral scores, which could be reversed by overexpression of Sirt3 in intervertebral disc. In conclusion, the current study emphasized the importance of the interaction of USP11 and Sirt3 in the pathological process of IVDD via regulating oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis, and USP11-mediated oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis is identified as a promising target for treating IVDD.

Residents of Mountainous Areas Have a Higher Low Back Pain Prevalence Than Flat Areas of Chongqing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Epidemiological studies on low back pain in residents living in mountainous areas are scarce. The study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and associated factors of low back pain in Chongqing, relatively impoverished mountainous areas of China. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at selected community or village health service centers in Chongqing over a 2-month period (May 2021 to June 2021), which included adults of Chongqing aged >18 years with or without low back pain (N=1820) chosen by stratified, cluster-sampling. Associated factors of low back pain including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and occupational features were collected, along with medical history, Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI), and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of patients with low back pain, and carried out for at least 20 minutes per respondent. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized for statistical analysis. Overall, 30.5% of 1704 respondents presented with low back pain, with 26.3% living in flat areas and 35.6% in mountainous areas. The associated factors of low back pain were mountainous area residence (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8), advanced age (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.5 for those aged 45-59 years, OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.6-3.4 for those aged 60-74 years, and OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.6 for those aged ≥75 years), married or remarried (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.2), divorced or widowed (OR 2.7, 95% CI 14-5.4), moderate labor intensity (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8), frequent stoop (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4), and depressed mood (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1). Residents in the mountainous areas had a higher score on Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (8.3 [SD 6.3] vs 6.2 [SD 4.3]) than those in flat areas. Mountainous areas in Chongqing had higher prevalence of low back pain as 35.6%, compared with 26.3% in flat areas, with more severe dysfunction in low back pain patients. Multifactorial analysis found that the factors associated with low back pain in Chongqing residents included mountain residence, labor intensity, stoop, psychological factors and frequency of exercise.

Low back pain among doctors in a tertiary institution in Southern Nigeria

Introduction: Low back pain is common in health workers with deleterious effects on their work and quality of life. Aims: This study aimed to identify work related disabilities and risk factors for low back pain amongst doctors in Nigeria. Methodology: One hundred and fifty-four doctors were recruited and a structured proforma was administered using the Aberdeen low back pain scale, revised Oswestry and Quebec pain scales as guides. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social sciences version 25. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to calculate the odds ratios for the independent risk factors for LBP. Level of significance was determined at p < 0.05. Results: The male to female ratio was 1.8:1 and 70(45.50%) doctors were in the age range of 31-40years. Half (50%) of the respondents were obese while 21.9% were overweight. The duration of an episode of back pain was less than a week in 130 (84.40%) persons. A few doctors- 22(14.29%) reported that low back pain had prevented them from coming into work, of these, 12 had been absent for a day, four for 2-7 days and six for 1 to 4 weeks. Anesthetists were ten times more likely to develop low back pain than any other medical specialty (OR=10.99, 95%CI=1.336-90.545, p=0.026) and increasing age and BMI were also identified as predictors of low back pain. Conclusion: Low back pain is associated with poor productivity among doctors and can impact health care delivery.

Assessment of the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain in operating room health workers: An observational study in Italy

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among healthprofessionals and the possible risk factors. Methods: The study was carried out from April 2018 to October 2018 among all health workers of theOrthopaedic Clinic and the Emergency Department of “Policlinico Umberto I” in Rome. LBP wasassessed using the Nordic Questionnaire Musculoskeletal Disorders in the section on lumbar pain.The type of physical activity carried out as prevention was investigated by use of theInternational Physical Activity Questionnaires. The overall state of health and lifestyle wasdeter- mined by the Short Form 12-item Health Survey. Job satisfaction and perceived work stresswere assessed through the 15-questions of Karasek’s Questionnaire. The intensity of the low backpain was assessed using a Numerical Rating Scale. A univariate analysis was conducted to assess theassociations between socio-demographic and working variables. Multiple logistic regression mod- elswere used to assess independent correlates of LBP. Results: One hundred thirteen subjects were enrolled, 52 women and 61 men. The annual period-prevalence of lumbar musculoskeletal disorder was found on 79.6% of participants with LBP.Mean value evidence of NRS was 2.66. The highest LBP risk over the 12 months was found in groupswith high job demand (OR = 1.18; 95%CI: 1.01 – 1.38), low decision-making opportunities (fordecision latitude OR = 0.87; (0-76 – 1.0), and low levels of physical activity (OR = 0.75; 95%CI:0.64 – 0.89). Conclusion: The working environment is a potential risk factor for the development of LBP and issuitable for prevention programmes. The protective effect of physical activity and work-relatedstress management indicate room for improvements for the prevention of LBP in these HCWs. Conflicts of interest: None declared.

Fascial manipulation and its application for low back pain treatment

Low back pain is one of the most common musculosceletal disorder and it has multifactorial etiology. It is considered to be the leading cause of global disability. It is the most frequent cause of activity limitation that can, eventually, result in disability, decreased quality of life, and work absenteeism. Low back pain manifests in different forms - acute, subacute and chronic. Within clinical examination it is a collected anamnesis, a general examination and functional testing from each patient. The importance of physical activity in the treatment of low back pain is generally accepted. However, an increase in physical activity has been suggested to be both a preventive factor and a possible risk factor for low back pain. There is an evidence for an association between high physical workloads and back injury. Treatment of low back pain includes many different types of exercises and physical therapy. Fascial manipulations has showed a great effectiveness in the treatment of low back pain in the general population, but also among the athletes.

Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among an adult population in Bisha: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Worldwide, LBP prevalence in the general population has been reported to be between 15% and 45%. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), LBP prevalence was reported to range from 18.8% to 53.5% in the general population. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of LBP and risk factors among the adult population in Bisha. Methods: A cross-sectional study of adults living in Bisha and the adjacent area in Saudi Arabia was conducted. The data were gathered via a self-administered online survey. The Mann‒Whitney test and the chi-square test were used to compare individuals with and without low back pain. The presence of low back discomfort (yes or no) was compared to risk factors using multiple binary logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) calculations were made. Results: The total number of participants was 350. The prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among the participants was 242 individuals (69.1%). A history of LBP was statistically significantly associated with some sociodemographic characteristics, including sex (p value = 0.002) and age (p value= 0.002). Some risk factors were statistically significantly associated with a history of LBP: history of diabetes mellitus (p value=0.048) and thyroid disease (p value= 0.056). Conclusions: With more than a sixth of the sample reporting back discomfort, low back pain is very common in the Saudi adult population. This report urges action toward the creation of management, prevention, and education programs for society.

Physiotherapy Interventions versus Surgical Interventions for Patients with Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc (PLID): A Critical Review

The most common predisposing factor for low back pain is a prolapsed lumber intervertebral disc. It is the most prevalent symptom in the modern population, albeit it was formerly the ancient curse of society, and it affects 80% of the population at some time in their lives. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of physiotherapy versus surgery for patients with prolapsed intervertebral disc. A thorough search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PEDro was done. Randomized control trial and prospective cohort study relevant to physiotherapy versus surgery, physiotherapy management alone, surgery among the lumbar disc herniation patients were included. Studies that were written in English and came out between 2006 and 2018 were enlisted using inclusion criteria. For screening, identified similar types of articles, avoid duplicate articles, and finally compare and contrast 5 articles. In the short-term, according to the majority of the articles, surgery was more beneficial than conservative treatment. However, there was no discernible difference between physiotherapy and surgery after a long period of observation, and the re-operation rate after surgery was 3%–20% within the first 1–2 years. Physiotherapy intervention had no adverse effects, whereas surgery had some adverse effects. In all circumstances, physiotherapy intervention is more effective than surgery. Physiotherapy interventions should be prescribed in a structured way.

Is low back pain related to the body composition, flexibility, and postural deviations in rural workers?

Hard work in the countryside can lead to the onset of pain conditions, which in turn trigger different degrees of labor reduction and musculoskeletal disorders. Low back pain is one of the most common disorders that lead to inactivity, and obesity seems to be associated with the development of low back pain symptoms, since abdominal fat causes mechanical demands in this region due to excessive load. To analyze low back pain and its relationship with body composition, flexibility, and posture in rural workers. Rural workers (n = 55) were grouped according to the presence of low back pain or absence of low back pain symptoms. Body composition, flexibility, and posture were assessed and compared between groups. A principal component analysis was used to group variables to identify possible associations among variables and low back pain. The low back pain group presented greater obesity rates than the group without symptoms. Regarding low back pain prevalence, most of the participants had pain symptoms and showed postural deviations. Principal components analysis showed that the group without symptoms was mainly related to the amount of muscle tissue, while the low back pain group was to the adipose tissue. Low back pain appears to be associated with body composition and postural deviations, while musculoskeletal and adipose tissues are protective and risk factors for low back pain, respectively, in rural workers.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Low Back Pain among Adolescent Athletes from an Athletics Club: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Low Back Pain among Adolescent Athletes from an Athletics Club: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Low Back Pain among the Staffs of a Pharmaceutical Company of Dhaka City

Background: Low Back Pain has been shown to be an important health and socio-economic problem of occupational diseases, which plague a large segment of the population in industrialized countries. Reviews of the literature describing LBP point prevalence in the developed world have produced variable of prevalence rates. Low back pain is common in Bangladesh also, responsible for an enormous burden of chronic disease, so this study aimed to disseminate the findings to take necessary steps to minimize low back pain and reduce the costs and injuries associated with ergonomic hazards of workers.

Low back pain is associated with sleep disturbance: a 3-year longitudinal study after the Great East Japan Earthquake

BackgroundLow back pain and sleep disturbance are common health problems worldwide which are also commonly observed among people after natural disasters. These symptoms are well known to coexist, and recent reports have indicated that sleep disturbance is a risk factor for low back pain. However, the influence of low back pain on sleep disturbance has rarely been assessed; therefore, this study aimed to clarify the association of low back pain with sleep disturbance, especially focusing on the frequency of low back pain, using 3-year cohort data after the Great East Japan Earthquake.MethodsThis study used the data obtained from people living in the disaster-affected areas after the Great East Japan Earthquake (n = 2,097). Low back pain and sleep disturbance were assessed at 4, 5, 6, and 7 years after the disaster. The frequency of low back pain was defined as the number of low back pain episodes at and before the evaluation time point and categorized into five groups such as absence, 1, 2, 3, and 4 at the fourth time point and four groups such as absence, 1, 2, and 3 at the third time point. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association of low back pain with sleep disturbance.ResultsLow back pain was significantly associated with sleep disturbance, and the association was stronger in participants with more frequent low back pain (adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence intervals],1.46 [1.10–1.95] in “1”; 2.02 [1.49–2.74] in “2”; 2.38 [1.67–3.40] in “3”; and 4.08 [2.74–6.06] in “4” in the frequency of low back pain) (P for trend < 0.001). Furthermore, antecedent low back pain was significantly associated with new-onset sleep disturbance, and the association was robust in more frequent low back pain (adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence intervals],1.60 [1.05–2.44] in “1”; 1.96 [1.20–3.21] in “2”; and 2.17 [1.14–4.14] in “3” in the frequency of low back pain) (P for trend = 0.007).ConclusionOur study showed that low back pain is strongly associated with sleep disturbance. Attention should be paid to low back pain to prevent and treat sleep disturbance, especially focusing on chronicity of low back pain.

Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor for Low Back Pain: a Review Article

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common complaints of pain in the settings of primary care. It affects the posterior region of the trunk that surrounds the first to fifth lumbar spine posteriorly. One of the most common mechanisms of LBP is excess muscle use in the posterior lumbar region that can promote the activation of nociceptors and cause pain. There are many risk factors that may lead to LBP which are classified into three types: individual, psychosocial, and occupational. One of the psychosocial risk factors of LBP is psychological stress. Based on the review over previous articles, psychological stress plays a role in the occurrence of LBP through excess cortisol and pain perception. There are also studies that stated a strong correlation between psychological stress and LBP.

Predicting the risk of non-specific low back pain in the young population: development and assessment of a new predictive nomogram.

Non-specific low back pain is a common disorder that affects more than 80% of the world's population. But the potential risk factors remain unclear. The aim of this study is to develop a nomogram for the risk prediction of low back pain in young population. A total of 264 young participants (18-45 years old) were recruited and randomly divided into a training set (n=188) and a validation set (n=76) by a ratio of 7:3. The nomogram was developed based on the training set. The independent predictors of low back pain were identified by LASSO and logistic regression analysis. A nomogram was developed according to the predictors. To assess the reliability of the nomogram, the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were applied. The validation set was used to validate the results. Sixteen factors were included in the characteristics of the eligible subjects. LASSO showed that five independent predictors including working posture, exercising hours per week, Tuffier's line, six lumbar vertebrae anomaly, and lumbar lordosis angle were the independent risk factors of low back pain in young population, which were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis and were used to establish the nomogram. The AUC values of the nomogram were 0.867 (95% CI: 0.809-0.924) and 0.868 (95% CI: 0.775-0.961) in the training and validation set, respectively. The calibration curve revealed that the prediction model of the nomogram was greatly consistent with the actual observation. In addition, the DCA indicated that the nomogram was clinically useful. Working posture, exercising hours per week, Tuffier's line, six lumbar vertebrae anomaly, and lumbar lordosis angle are identified as independent predictors of non-specific low back pain in young population. And the nomogram based on the above five predictors can accurately predict the risk of low back pain in young people.

Psychosocial risk factors for low back pain in US workers: Data from the 2002-2018 quality of work life survey.

Examining workplace psychosocial risk factors for back pain becomes increasingly important because of the changing nature of work and rising healthcare costs. Some psychosocial risk factors for back pain, such as work and family imbalance, exposure to a hostile work environment, and job insecurity, are understudied for the working population in the United States. Data used in this study came from the Quality of Work Life Survey (QWL), a supplementary module of the General Social Survey conducted in the United States. Data from the 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018 QWL surveys were used in these analyses, giving a total sample size of 6661. Five domains of workplace psychosocial risk factors for back pain were examined, including job strain, low social support, work-family imbalance, exposure to a hostile work environment (harassment and discrimination), and job insecurity. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of each psychosocial risk factor for back pain with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was estimated using a multivariable logistic regression model after controlling for job physical factors, occupation, and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Significant associations were found between back pain and several psychosocial factors including job strain (aOR 1.19; CI 1.00,1.41), work-family imbalance (aOR,1.42; CI 1.22,1.64), harassment (aOR 1.40; CI 1.15,1.71), and discrimination (aOR 1.20 CI 1.00,1.44). This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between a variety of workplace psychosocial factors and back pain. Our findings suggest directions in future longitudinal research to examine emerging workplace psychosocial factors for back pain.